Research on the dispersion of functionalized carbon nanofibers (CNFs) in aqueous solution

IF 2.6 4区材料科学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Nanoparticle Research Pub Date : 2025-07-10 DOI:10.1007/s11051-025-06362-7

Faping Li, Qing Su, Lisheng Liu

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Abstract

Achieving stable and uniform suspensions of multiwalled carbon nanofibers (CNFs) is crucial for their practical applications. This study utilizes an acid treatment to functionalize CNFs, enabling their dispersion in water. Subsequently, a combination of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as a dispersant and ultrasonic processing is employed to enhance the dispersion of the functionalized CNFs. Techniques such as UV–Vis spectroscopy, surface tension measurements, zeta potential analysis, and adsorption isotherm evaluation are applied to assess the dispersion quality. Furthermore, the underlying dispersion mechanism is investigated through transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging. The experiments reveal that the optimal SDS concentration for dispersing functionalized CNFs in water is 0.25 g/L. TEM analysis demonstrates that SDS effectively disrupts the clustering of nanofiber bundles, significantly reducing their thickness. The dispersion process is driven by the interplay of hydrophobic interactions and the barrier effect of SDS molecules, which inhibit the re-aggregation of functionalized CNFs.

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功能化碳纳米纤维（CNFs）在水溶液中的分散研究

实现多壁碳纳米纤维的稳定均匀悬浮是其实际应用的关键。本研究利用酸处理使CNFs功能化，使其在水中分散。随后，十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）作为分散剂和超声波处理的组合，以增强功能化CNFs的分散。技术，如紫外可见光谱，表面张力测量，zeta电位分析和吸附等温线评价应用于评估分散质量。此外，通过透射电子显微镜（TEM）成像研究了潜在的色散机制。实验表明，SDS在水中分散功能化CNFs的最佳浓度为0.25 g/L。透射电镜分析表明，SDS有效地破坏了纳米纤维束的聚集，显著降低了纳米纤维束的厚度。分散过程是由疏水相互作用和SDS分子的屏障效应共同驱动的，这些相互作用抑制了功能化CNFs的重新聚集。

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来源期刊

Journal of Nanoparticle Research 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

4.40

自引率

4.00%

发文量

198

审稿时长

3.9 months

期刊介绍： The objective of the Journal of Nanoparticle Research is to disseminate knowledge of the physical, chemical and biological phenomena and processes in structures that have at least one lengthscale ranging from molecular to approximately 100 nm (or submicron in some situations), and exhibit improved and novel properties that are a direct result of their small size. Nanoparticle research is a key component of nanoscience, nanoengineering and nanotechnology. The focus of the Journal is on the specific concepts, properties, phenomena, and processes related to particles, tubes, layers, macromolecules, clusters and other finite structures of the nanoscale size range. Synthesis, assembly, transport, reactivity, and stability of such structures are considered. Development of in-situ and ex-situ instrumentation for characterization of nanoparticles and their interfaces should be based on new principles for probing properties and phenomena not well understood at the nanometer scale. Modeling and simulation may include atom-based quantum mechanics; molecular dynamics; single-particle, multi-body and continuum based models; fractals; other methods suitable for modeling particle synthesis, assembling and interaction processes. Realization and application of systems, structures and devices with novel functions obtained via precursor nanoparticles is emphasized. Approaches may include gas-, liquid-, solid-, and vacuum-based processes, size reduction, chemical- and bio-self assembly. Contributions include utilization of nanoparticle systems for enhancing a phenomenon or process and particle assembling into hierarchical structures, as well as formulation and the administration of drugs. Synergistic approaches originating from different disciplines and technologies, and interaction between the research providers and users in this field, are encouraged.