{"title":"Layer-by-layer self-assembled doxycycline/chitosan/silk fibroin nanoparticles for periodontitis","authors":"Wenxin Meng, Ya Gao, Feng Wei, Xinyue Guan, Yuhui Liu, Yumeng Luo, Guomin Wu","doi":"10.1007/s11051-026-06725-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-026-06725-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Periodontitis is a highly prevalent chronic oral inflammatory disease. It is featured by sustained inflammation, progressive periodontal tissue damage, and irreversible alveolar bone resorption, which remains a critical clinical challenge. In this study, a core–shell composite silk fibroin nanoparticle delivery system loaded with doxycycline (DOX) was successfully constructed. Firstly, ethanol-induced modification combined with silk fibroin self-assembly technology was applied to fabricate DOX-loaded silk fibroin microspheres. Based on electrostatic adsorption, layer-by-layer (LBL) self-assembly was further adopted to alternately adsorb chitosan (CS)-DOX and silk fibroin on the microsphere surface, thereby obtaining core–shell structured composite nanoparticles with a drug-loaded inner core. The as-prepared nanocarrier achieves favorable sustained drug release, antibacterial activity, and osteogenic potency. In vitro and in vivo experiments verified that the synthesized nanoparticles exhibit prominent antibacterial ability and favorable osteogenic activity, revealing great application potential. Compared with conventional periodontal treatment, this local targeted drug delivery strategy effectively overcomes the shortcomings of frequent administration and systemic side effects. Consequently, the DOX-loaded composite nanoparticles possess excellent clinical value and developmental prospects for targeted periodontitis therapy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"28 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148750945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qamar Abuhassan, Usamah Sayed, Ahmed Aldulaimi, Jalpa R. Patel, Renuka Jyothi. S, Kamal Kishore Thakur, Elangovan Muniyandy, Elyor Berdimurodov, Khasan Berdimuradov, Khasanov Okhunjon, Huseyn Imanov
{"title":"Exploring the enhanced adsorption and gas detection performance of Nin nanocluster modified boron carbide nanosheets: a comparative DFT approach","authors":"Qamar Abuhassan, Usamah Sayed, Ahmed Aldulaimi, Jalpa R. Patel, Renuka Jyothi. S, Kamal Kishore Thakur, Elangovan Muniyandy, Elyor Berdimurodov, Khasan Berdimuradov, Khasanov Okhunjon, Huseyn Imanov","doi":"10.1007/s11051-026-06730-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-026-06730-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The structural and electronic properties of C<sub>3</sub>B monolayers decorated with graphene domain and Ni<sub>3</sub> nanocluster were investigated using the density functional theory calculations. The formation energy of the graphene modified C<sub>3</sub>B system is -1.88 eV, indicating its great structural stability. In addition, the Ni<sub>3</sub> cluster modified C<sub>3</sub>B nanosheet exhibits the significant binding energy of -3.01 eV, which corroborates the good stability of the Ni-C<sub>3</sub>B nanosheet. The adsorption energy of CO molecule on the Ni<sub>3</sub> cluster modified C<sub>3</sub>B system is -3.04 eV, which specifies the strong interaction with chemisorption nature. Other gas molecules also exhibit good chemical adsorption on the substrate. On the pristine C<sub>3</sub>B monolayer, the CO and NO molecules are weakly physisorbed, while the Ni cluster decorated C<sub>3</sub>B monolayer show strong adsorption for the gas molecules. After CO adsorption, there is charge transfer of about 0.191 e from the Ni<sub>3</sub>-G-C<sub>3</sub>B nanosheet to the CO molecule, indicating the acceptor property of CO gas. The great redistribution of charges at the space between gas molecules and Ni-C<sub>3</sub>B nanosheet exhibits chemical interaction between them. Our results suggest that the Ni cluster decorated C<sub>3</sub>B nanosheets can be used as potential candidates for adsorption of CO and NO gas molecules.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"28 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148750932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nikoletta A. Kasviki, George Z. Kyzas, Athanasia K. Tolkou
{"title":"Layer-by-layer assembled nanomembranes for heavy metal removal from contaminated water","authors":"Nikoletta A. Kasviki, George Z. Kyzas, Athanasia K. Tolkou","doi":"10.1007/s11051-026-06728-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-026-06728-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The increasing demand for clean water, driven by population growth and industrial activities, has intensified the challenge of heavy metal contamination in aquatic environments. Conventional water treatment technologies often face limitations in selectivity, efficiency, and energy consumption, particularly when targeting trace level metal ions from complex aqueous matrices. In this context, nanotechnology has emerged as a powerful approach for developing advanced materials with enhanced interfacial and surface properties. Nanomaterials offer high surface to volume ratios, tunable physicochemical characteristics, and multifunctional behavior, making them highly suitable for environmental remediation applications. In particular, their integration into membrane systems has led to significant improvements in separation performance. Nanoparticle-enabled membranes can be engineered through several strategies, including blending, in situ polymerization, nano-embedding, and surface coating. Among these, layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly has gained increasing attention due to its ability to precisely control film architecture at the nanoscale, enabling the design of highly selective and functional interfaces. When combined with adsorption-based mechanisms, membrane systems evolve into adsorptive membranes, which integrate physical separation with chemical affinity for target contaminants. Despite substantial progress, a systematic understanding of how nanoscale architecture and fabrication methods influence adsorption-separation synergy remains limited. This review focuses on layer-by-layer-based adsorptive membrane technologies for heavy metal removal with emphasis on the relationship between nanoscale design, interfacial structure and separation performance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"28 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148750817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synthesis of carbon dots via selective microwave heating of reverse micelles in a microwave-transparent solvent","authors":"Srikrishna Tummala, Yen-Peng Ho","doi":"10.1007/s11051-026-06722-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-026-06722-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We present a novel approach for the rapid synthesis of highly fluorescent carbon dots using a microwave-assisted reverse micelle (MARM) method. Bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate sodium salt (AOT) was used to form reverse micelles in a nonpolar medium, dodecane, which does not absorb microwave radiation. Reverse micelles containing an aqueous phase were dispersed in the oil phase, and these small polar droplets acted as nanoreactors. The aqueous phase contained citric acid and Tris base as reactants. Under microwave heating, only these microreactors absorbed microwave energy and were heated efficiently and homogeneously, facilitating the formation of carbon dots. The micelle size could be tuned by adjusting the water-to-surfactant molar ratio, producing carbon dots with uniform sizes ranging from 1.8 to 2.6 nm, depending on the AOT concentration. Transmission electron microscopy and photospectroscopy data were compared for carbon dots prepared using hydrothermal, domestic microwave-assisted, solvothermal reverse micelle, hexanoic-acid-based MARM, and dodecane-based MARM approaches. The characteristics of carbon dots produced using the proposed method were similar to those obtained using hydrothermal and domestic microwave-assisted methods. However, the proposed method is faster than the hydrothermal process and yields more homogeneous carbon dots than the domestic microwave-assisted method, while maintaining a high quantum yield.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"28 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11051-026-06722-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148750815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mehdi Ech-chariy, Omar Alami, Salma Benkirane, Ikram Boulahya, Adnane Moutaouakkil, Ahmed Moussaif, Nabil El Brahmi, Mohammed Benaissa, Saïd El Kazzouli
{"title":"Siloxane-core PAMAM dendron–functionalized Zn1−xMnxFe2O4 nanoparticles: synthesis, characterization, and cytotoxicity evaluation","authors":"Mehdi Ech-chariy, Omar Alami, Salma Benkirane, Ikram Boulahya, Adnane Moutaouakkil, Ahmed Moussaif, Nabil El Brahmi, Mohammed Benaissa, Saïd El Kazzouli","doi":"10.1007/s11051-026-06726-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-026-06726-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Spinel Zn<sub>1−<i>x</i></sub>Mn<sub><i>x</i></sub>Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles were synthesized and functionalized with siloxane-core poly(amidoamine) dendrons of different generations (<b>D-PAMAM G</b><sub><b>0.5</b></sub>,<b> G</b><sub><b>1.0</b></sub>, and<b> G</b><sub><b>1.5</b></sub>) to modulate their surface chemistry and biological response. X-ray diffraction confirmed the formation of the cubic spinel ferrite phase, while transmission electron microscopy showed quasi-spherical nanoparticles with an average diameter of 9.89 nm. SQUID magnetometry revealed superparamagnetic-like behavior at room temperature, with a saturation magnetization of 9.5 emu g<sup>−1</sup>, low remanence magnetization of 0.078 emu g<sup>−1</sup>, and coercivity of 7.1 Oe. Successful dendron functionalization was supported by FT-IR, NMR, UV-vis, zeta potential, and thermogravimetric analyses. TGA showed organic weight losses of 17, 19, and 18% for <b>MNPs@D-PAMAM G</b><sub><b>0.5</b></sub>,<b> G</b><sub><b>1.0</b></sub>, and<b> G</b><sub><b>1.5</b></sub>, respectively. Zeta potential measurements further confirmed the expected alternation of surface charge according to the dendron termini, from negative values for ester-terminated <b>G</b><sub><b>0.5</b></sub> and <b>G</b><sub><b>1.5</b></sub> to a positive value for amine-terminated <b>G</b><sub><b>1.0</b></sub>. Preliminary cytotoxicity assessment using <i>Tetrahymena pyriformis</i> revealed generation-dependent effects, with <b>D-PAMAM G</b><sub><b>0.5</b></sub> and <b>G</b><sub><b>1.0</b></sub> showing negligible or slightly stimulatory effects on growth, whereas <b>D-PAMAM G</b><sub><b>1.5</b></sub> induced stronger inhibition at higher concentrations. Overall, these results demonstrate the successful preparation of D-PAMAM-functionalized Zn<sub>1−<i>x</i></sub>Mn<sub><i>x</i></sub>Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles with tunable surface charge, controlled organic loading, and relevant magnetic properties for future biomedical investigations.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"28 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148750692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A highly sensitive electrochemical immunosensor based on a g-C₃N₄/MgO nanocomposite for ultrasensitive detection of CYFRA21-1","authors":"Pooja Rahar, Saravjeet Singh","doi":"10.1007/s11051-026-06721-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-026-06721-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cytokeratin-19 fragment antigen 21-1 (CYFRA21-1) is a clinically important biomarker for the early detection and prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Herein, we report a sensitive and label-free electrochemical immunosensor based on a g-C₃N₄/MgO nanocomposite-modified electrode for the selective detection of CYFRA21-1. The g-C₃N₄/MgO nanocomposite served as an efficient sensing interface owing to its large specific surface area, abundant active sites, excellent biocompatibility, and synergistically enhanced electron-transfer properties. The nanocomposite was immobilized on the electrode surface, followed by antibody attachment via a suitable cross-linking strategy and subsequent blocking of non-specific binding sites. The specific antigen–antibody interaction at the electrode surface resulted in a quantifiable decrease in the electrochemical signal as monitored by cyclic voltammetry. Under optimized experimental conditions, the developed immunosensor exhibited a wide linear detection range of 0.1–100 ng mL⁻<sup>1</sup>, with a strong linear relationship between peak current and the logarithm of concentration (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.998). The sensitivity was determined to be 25.3 µA per log (c), and the limit of detection was determined. The lower limit of detection for CYFRA21-1 was calculated to be 1.26 ng mL⁻<sup>1</sup>. The sensor also demonstrated a high signal-to-noise ratio (~ 30) indicating excellent detection reliability. Additionally, the suggested platform showed satisfactory reproducibility, long-term stability, and good selectivity against common interfering species. The suggested g-C₃N₄/MgO-based immunosensor has great promise for clinical diagnosis and point-of-care detection of lung cancer biomarkers because of its affordability, simplicity, and sensitivity.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"28 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148615152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. M. Popelensky, S. S. Bubenov, A. A. Vinokurov, I. V. Chernoukhov, A. A. Eliseev, K. A. Cherednichenko, T. A. Kuznetsova, S. G. Dorofeev
{"title":"Postsynthetic diffusion approach to plasmonic boron-doped silicon nanocrystals","authors":"V. M. Popelensky, S. S. Bubenov, A. A. Vinokurov, I. V. Chernoukhov, A. A. Eliseev, K. A. Cherednichenko, T. A. Kuznetsova, S. G. Dorofeev","doi":"10.1007/s11051-026-06723-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-026-06723-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Boron-doped silicon nanocrystals (Si NCs) with localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) have been obtained via postsynthetic diffusion doping with the use of volatile BBr<sub>3</sub> and BCl<sub>3</sub> precursors. This method decouples nanocrystal growth from impurity introduction, allowing precise control over the doping process while preserving the initial Si NC dispersity. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis reveals a high total boron concentration (up to 17 at. %), predominantly located at the particles’ surface layers, with only up to ~ 2.5 at. % located in the core. Carrier concentrations up to 1.4·10<sup>20</sup> cm<sup>−3</sup> (0.28 at. %) are calculated from localized surface plasmon resonance in the IR region. Rapid thermal annealing (RTA) has proved effective in breaking up clusters, significantly increasing the active carrier concentration and blueshifting the LSPR peak. The effective boron diffusion coefficient in Si NCs at 660 °C is estimated at ~ 10<sup>–18</sup> cm<sup>2</sup>·s<sup>−1</sup>. The work demonstrates a controllable route to plasmonic p-type Si NCs and underlines RTA as a key step for improving their electrical activation after doping.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"28 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148615067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Romel Mark Irabon, Rustom Hibone, Francis Kirby Burnea, Giovanni Paylaga, Leo Cristobal Ambolode II
{"title":"Correction: Prediction and investigation of transition metal oxides for hydrogen storage application via machine learning-assisted density functional theory","authors":"Romel Mark Irabon, Rustom Hibone, Francis Kirby Burnea, Giovanni Paylaga, Leo Cristobal Ambolode II","doi":"10.1007/s11051-026-06717-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-026-06717-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"28 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148614970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Vijaya Bhaskar Reddy, V. Madhavi, Mohammed E. Ali Mohsin, Suleiman Mousa
{"title":"Highly sensitive poly(bromocresol purple)/Ag-MWCNT nanocomposite-modified carbon paste electrode for the quantification of curcumin in rhizome extracts","authors":"A. Vijaya Bhaskar Reddy, V. Madhavi, Mohammed E. Ali Mohsin, Suleiman Mousa","doi":"10.1007/s11051-026-06724-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-026-06724-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The precise quantification of curcumin is critical for pharmacological and clinical quality control due to its extensive therapeutic properties. In this study, a highly sensitive electrochemical sensor was fabricated by electropolymerizing bromocresol purple onto a silver nanoparticle and multi-walled carbon nanotube (Ag/MWCNT) nanocomposite-modified carbon paste electrode. Surface characterization via SEM, TEM, and XRD confirmed the formation of a uniform, porous nanostructure, which enhanced the electroactive surface area to 0.07 cm<sup>2</sup>, a threefold increase compared to conventional carbon paste electrodes. Electrochemical investigations revealed that the sensor facilitates the electro-oxidation of curcumin via an adsorption-controlled, two-electron/two-proton mechanism. Under optimized differential pulse voltammetry conditions, the sensor exhibited a broad linear dynamic range from 0.06 to 3.07 µM, with a low detection limit (DL) of 0.017 µM and a quantification limit (QL) of 0.05 µM. In addition, the proposed platform demonstrated excellent stability, reproducibility, and high selectivity against common interferents. The method showed outstanding reproducibility (RSD ≤ 2.5%) and long-term stability, retaining 96% of its initial response after 14 days. Furthermore, the developed sensor was successfully applied for the quantification of curcumin in <i>Curcuma longa</i> and <i>Curcuma xanthorrhiza</i> rhizomes, proving its viability as a robust, low-cost tool for routine analysis.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"28 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148614971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Waheeba Ahmed Al-Amrani, Usman M. Ismail, Sagheer A. Onaizi
{"title":"Recent advances in ZIF-67-based composites for heavy and radioactive metal ion removal: synthesis, adsorption mechanisms, performance assessment, and future directions","authors":"Waheeba Ahmed Al-Amrani, Usman M. Ismail, Sagheer A. Onaizi","doi":"10.1007/s11051-026-06715-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-026-06715-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The contamination of aquatic environments with heavy metals and radioactive ions has emerged as a critical global issue due to their toxicity, persistence, and bioaccumulative nature. Addressing this challenge requires the development of efficient, sustainable, and scalable remediation technologies. This review comprehensively examines recent advancements in the use of zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 (ZIF-67) and its nanocomposites for the adsorptive removal of heavy and radioactive metals from wastewater. Synthesis and functionalization strategies to enhance structural stability, adsorption capacity, and selectivity are critically discussed. Various composites incorporating graphene oxide, carbon nanotubes, biochar, polymers, and magnetic nanoparticles are analyzed, highlighting their synergistic effects in improving adsorption performance. Key operational factors influencing the adsorption process—such as solution pH, temperature, contact time, and adsorbent dosage—are systematically reviewed. Adsorption isotherms, kinetics, and thermodynamic parameters are assessed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms governing metal ion removal, including electrostatic interactions, complexation, and ion exchange. The regeneration and reusability of ZIF-67-based adsorbents are also evaluated, underscoring their practical potential for multiple adsorption cycles. Studies investigating the removal of heavy metals from real wastewater using ZIF-67 composites are examined, providing insights into real-world performance. Despite significant progress, challenges such as achieving consistent material stability, controlling pore structures, minimizing agglomeration, and developing cost-effective, scalable fabrication methods remain. Future research directions are proposed, focusing on the rational design of multifunctional composites, green synthesis strategies, and the integration of advanced modeling and characterization techniques. This review aims to guide innovations toward the practical deployment of ZIF-67-based adsorbents for sustainable water treatment technologies.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"28 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148614118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}