Electronic Materials Letters最新文献_第4页

Self-Healing of Kirkendall Voids and IMC Growth in the Interfacial Reaction of Novel Ni/Cu bi-layer Barrier and Solder 新型镍/铜双层阻焊层和焊料界面反应中 Kirkendall 空洞的自愈合和 IMC 生长

IF 2.1 4区材料科学

Electronic Materials Letters Pub Date : 2024-04-03 DOI: 10.1007/s13391-024-00492-1

Haokun Li, Chongyang Li, Peixin Chen, Rui Xi, Feifei Li, Huiqin Ling, Ming Li

{"title":"Self-Healing of Kirkendall Voids and IMC Growth in the Interfacial Reaction of Novel Ni/Cu bi-layer Barrier and Solder","authors":"Haokun Li, Chongyang Li, Peixin Chen, Rui Xi, Feifei Li, Huiqin Ling, Ming Li","doi":"10.1007/s13391-024-00492-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13391-024-00492-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Single Ni layer is often inserted as diffusion barrier between Cu pillar and Sn-based solder to avoid excessive growth of brittle intermetallic compounds (IMCs) and consequent Kirkendall voids (KVs) in microbumps. However, with shrinking size of microbumps, Ni layer cannot maintain the inhibition performance as its thickness is reduced as well. In this work, Ni/Cu bi-layer barrier was employed at Cu-Sn interface, which was expected to reduce diffusion by rapidly generated Cu-Sn IMC retarding the diffusion of Ni. IMC growth behavior and interfacial reaction during isothermal aging were investigated. The self-healing phenomenon of KVs was detected during aging at 150 °C . It’s attributed to the transformation from Cu<sub>3</sub>Sn to Cu<sub>6</sub>Sn<sub>5</sub>. The novel barrier exhibited excellent inhibition property compared with single Ni layer with slower IMC growth rate and less Cu substrate diffusion. Moreover, during 170 °C aging test, the Ni/Cu bi-layer barrier showed no sign of depletion until 600 h, while the single Ni barrier was completely depleted after 144 h. Such excellent inhibition property is beneficial to the future application of ultra-thin barrier layer in microbumps.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":536,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Materials Letters","volume":"20 5","pages":"509 - 516"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140588053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Exploration about the Electrolyte System of Li-ion Batteries for the Wide Temperature Range Operation 探索锂离子电池在宽温度范围内工作的电解质系统

IF 2.4 4区材料科学

Electronic Materials Letters Pub Date : 2024-03-29 DOI: 10.1007/s13391-024-00488-x

Ok-Jeong Kim, Yeong-Hyun Cho, Jung-Jin Kang, Young-Sang Yu, Chunjoong Kim, Gi-Yeong Yun

引用次数: 0

Structural, Optical, Electrical, and Nanomechanical Properties of F-Doped Sno2 Fabricated by Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis 超声喷雾热解法制造的掺 F Sno2 的结构、光学、电学和纳米力学性能

IF 2.1 4区材料科学

Electronic Materials Letters Pub Date : 2024-03-23 DOI: 10.1007/s13391-024-00489-w

Jaewon Kim, Gahui Kim, Young-Bae Park

{"title":"Structural, Optical, Electrical, and Nanomechanical Properties of F-Doped Sno2 Fabricated by Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis","authors":"Jaewon Kim, Gahui Kim, Young-Bae Park","doi":"10.1007/s13391-024-00489-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13391-024-00489-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Transparent conductive oxides (TCOs) are in high demand by optoelectronic devices such as light-emitting diodes, phototransistors, touchscreens, solar cells, and low-emissivity windows. Tin-doped indium oxide (ITO) material is the most predominant in the market and is utilised among the various TCO materials. However, the lack of raw materials and the high cost of indium materials have necessitated the exploration of cost-effective TCOs that can serve as viable alternatives without compromising the desired optical and electrical properties. Tin oxide (SnO<sub>2</sub>) films emerge as a promising candidate, offering several benefits, including abundant material sources, inexpensiveness, and non-toxicity. It anticipates producing a higher visible transmittance, excellent electrical conductivity, and good mechanical properties compared to ITO. Moreover, SnO<sub>2</sub> can increase its electrical conductivity by introducing representative dopant elements such as Sb, and F. However, structural, optical, and mechanical properties can affect additional dopant elements. Herein, we have demonstrated fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) thin films as a function of F dopant concentration by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis. The FTO thin films achieved excellent properties for FTO coatings such as polycrystalline structure, electrical conductivity (<i>ρ</i> = 9.1 × 10<sup>–5</sup> Ω cm), transmittance in the visible region (average visible transmittance up to 85.0%, with peak values of 96.5%) with a wider band gap between 3.80 and 4.28 eV. The increasing elastic modulus and hardness are related to significant grain boundaries, reaching the highest values of 154.5 ± 18.6 and 12.3 ± 3.6 GPa, respectively. The measured interface adhesion between SnO<sub>2</sub>/Si substrate is 9.32 J/m<sup>2</sup>.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":536,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Materials Letters","volume":"20 4","pages":"402 - 413"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140201141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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The Copper Oxide with Alkali Potassium Dopant for Heterojunction Solar Cells Application 含碱钾掺杂剂的氧化铜在异质结太阳能电池中的应用

IF 2.1 4区材料科学

Electronic Materials Letters Pub Date : 2024-03-23 DOI: 10.1007/s13391-024-00490-3

Katarzyna Gawlińska-Nęcek, Zbigniew Starowicz, Marta Janusz-Skuza, Anna Jarzębska, Piotr Panek

{"title":"The Copper Oxide with Alkali Potassium Dopant for Heterojunction Solar Cells Application","authors":"Katarzyna Gawlińska-Nęcek, Zbigniew Starowicz, Marta Janusz-Skuza, Anna Jarzębska, Piotr Panek","doi":"10.1007/s13391-024-00490-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13391-024-00490-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This work aimed to produce a low resistive copper oxide nanolayer with potassium admixture by a simple spray coating technique. The different concentration of dopant (2–20 wt%) was tested. It was found that 14 wt% of potassium reduced the resistivity of copper oxide from 21 Ω cm for reference layer to 5 Ω cm for doped thin film. The phase composition as well as the optical, and electrical properties of manufactured oxides were studied. It was found that potassium admixture affects the phase composition of manufactured thin film which turns from CuO to Cu<sub>2</sub>O. This is accompanied by a widening of the optical band gap energy of the oxide. The roughness of the layer also increased. The photovoltaic properties of produced copper oxides were tested in n–i–p heterojunction with n-type Cz-Si and as a final product the solar cells with open circuit voltage of 296 mV and short circuit current density of 0.78 mA/cm<sup>2</sup> was fabricated.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":536,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Materials Letters","volume":"20 5","pages":"548 - 556"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140205349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Impact of Post-Deposition Annealing on Electrical Properties of RF-Sputtered Cu2O/4H-SiC and NiO/4H-SiC PiN Diodes 沉积后退火对射频溅射 Cu2O/4H-SiC 和 NiO/4H-SiC PiN 二极管电特性的影响

IF 2.1 4区材料科学

Electronic Materials Letters Pub Date : 2024-03-06 DOI: 10.1007/s13391-024-00484-1

Hyung-Jin Lee, Soo-Young Moon, Kung-Yen Lee, Sang-Mo Koo

{"title":"Impact of Post-Deposition Annealing on Electrical Properties of RF-Sputtered Cu2O/4H-SiC and NiO/4H-SiC PiN Diodes","authors":"Hyung-Jin Lee, Soo-Young Moon, Kung-Yen Lee, Sang-Mo Koo","doi":"10.1007/s13391-024-00484-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13391-024-00484-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigated the impact of the post-deposition annealing (PDA) process on the material and electrical properties of copper oxide (Cu<sub>2</sub>O) and nickel oxide (NiO) thin films deposited on a silicon carbide (SiC) substrate. Through radiofrequency (RF) sputtering, these films were subjected to PDA in a nitrogen (N<sub>2</sub>) and oxygen (O<sub>2</sub>) gas environment. Remarkably, the Cu<sub>2</sub>O films resisted phase transition following the N<sub>2</sub> PDA process but exhibited a transition to cupric oxide (CuO) after undergoing the O<sub>2</sub> PDA process. The symmetry of Cu 2p in the as-deposited Cu<sub>2</sub>O film was excellent; however, the phase-transformed CuO films exhibited an increase in binding energy and the emergence of satellite peaks. The Ni 2p exhibited various defects, such as nickel vacancies (V<sub>Ni</sub>) and interstitial oxygen (O<sub>i</sub>), in response to the different PDA atmospheres. The rectification ratios of the N<sub>2</sub>-annealed Cu<sub>2</sub>O and NiO devices were determined as 1.50 × 10<sup>7</sup> and 4.01 × 10<sup>6</sup>, respectively, signifying a substantial enhancement by a factor of approximately 789 for the Cu<sub>2</sub>O/SiC device and 124 for the NiO/SiC device relative to their non-annealed counterparts. The findings of this study indicate that meticulous control of deposition for potential <i>p</i>-type materials such as Cu<sub>2</sub>O and NiO can significantly improve the performance in applications involving high-throughput and low-cost electronics.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":536,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Materials Letters","volume":"20 5","pages":"537 - 547"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140054713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Effects of Dielectric Curing Temperature on the Interfacial Reliability of Cu/Ti/PBO for FOWLP Applications 介质固化温度对用于 FOWLP 应用的 Cu/Ti/PBO 的界面可靠性的影响

IF 2.1 4区材料科学

Electronic Materials Letters Pub Date : 2024-02-19 DOI: 10.1007/s13391-024-00485-0

Gahui Kim, Kirak Son, Young-Cheon Kim, Young-Bae Park

引用次数: 0

Ternary Organic Solar Cells—Simulation–Optimization Approach 三元有机太阳能电池--模拟-优化方法

IF 2.1 4区材料科学

Electronic Materials Letters Pub Date : 2024-02-14 DOI: 10.1007/s13391-023-00479-4

Gabriela Lewińska

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Eucommia Ulmoides Barks-derived Anodes for Sodium ion Battery and Method to Improve Electrochemical Performances by Modifying Defects 杜仲树皮衍生的钠离子电池阳极以及通过改变缺陷提高电化学性能的方法

IF 2.1 4区材料科学

Electronic Materials Letters Pub Date : 2024-02-10 DOI: 10.1007/s13391-024-00486-z

Shuai Sun, Lei Wang

{"title":"Eucommia Ulmoides Barks-derived Anodes for Sodium ion Battery and Method to Improve Electrochemical Performances by Modifying Defects","authors":"Shuai Sun, Lei Wang","doi":"10.1007/s13391-024-00486-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13391-024-00486-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>\u0000 Hard carbon were prepared from Eucommia ulmoides barks by carbonization (1100 or 1300 °C) and then used as anode materials for sodium ion battery (SIB). Results showed that, although increased carbonization temperature had positive influence on the initial coulombic efficiency (ICE) of samples, the sample carbonized at higher temperature could not show higher specific capacities from 100 mA g<sup>− 1</sup> to 1 A g<sup>− 1</sup> (current density). This phenomenon could be attributed to few changes of specific surface area for samples carbonized at different temperature. Further studies showed that if the obtained hard carbon underwent high temperature treatment together with pitch powders (the hard carbon did not need to contact with pitch powders directly during the treating process), the specific surface area of samples decreased, while number of disordered bonds and interlayer distance of crystallites increased. The modification of structural defects made the samples show better electrochemical performances (ICE, specific capacity and cycling characteristic). Additionally, when the method (modifying defects) was used in Cupressus funebris (cypress wood) based anodes for SIB, the ICE and specific capacities at different current densities of samples could also be improved, which means the method may have good applicability for producing biomass-derived SIB anodes on a large scale.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":536,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Materials Letters","volume":"20 4","pages":"474 - 483"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139764622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Forming-Free and Non-linear Resistive Switching in Bilayer (hbox {HfO}_{textrm{x}})/(hbox {TaO}_{textrm{x}}) Memory Devices by Interface-Induced Internal Resistance 通过界面诱导内阻实现双层 $$hbox {HfO}_{textrm{x}}$ / $$hbox {TaO}_{textrm{x}}$ 存储器件中的无成型和非线性电阻切换

IF 2.1 4区材料科学

Electronic Materials Letters Pub Date : 2024-02-06 DOI: 10.1007/s13391-023-00481-w

Mari Napari, Spyros Stathopoulos, Themis Prodromakis, Firman Simanjuntak

{"title":"Forming-Free and Non-linear Resistive Switching in Bilayer (hbox {HfO}_{textrm{x}})/(hbox {TaO}_{textrm{x}}) Memory Devices by Interface-Induced Internal Resistance","authors":"Mari Napari, Spyros Stathopoulos, Themis Prodromakis, Firman Simanjuntak","doi":"10.1007/s13391-023-00481-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13391-023-00481-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Resistive switching memory devices with tantalum oxide (<span>(hbox {TaO}_{textrm{x}})</span>) and hafnium oxide (<span>(hbox {HfO}_{textrm{x}})</span>) mono- and bilayers were fabricated using atomic layer deposition. The bilayer devices with Ti and TiN electrodes show non-linear switching characteristics, and can operate without requiring an initial electroforming step. The insertion of the <span>(hbox {HfO}_{textrm{x}})</span> layer induces the switching behaviour on single layer <span>(hbox {TaO}_{textrm{x}})</span> that shows Zener diode-like characteristics, with conductivity depending on the top electrode metal. The electronic conductivity mechanism study shows Schottky emission at low voltage regime followed by tunneling at higher applied bias, both indicating interface-dominated conduction. The switching mechanism study is supported by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy characterization of the films that show a formation of <span>(hbox {TaO}_{textrm{x}}hbox {N}_{textrm{y}})</span> and <span>(hbox {TaN}_{textrm{x}})</span> species at the oxide-electrode interface. This interfacial layer serves as a high resistivity barrier layer enabling the homogeneous resistive switching behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":536,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Materials Letters","volume":"20 4","pages":"363 - 371"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13391-023-00481-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139764844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhanced Thickness Uniformity of MoS2 Thin Films on SiO2/Si Substrates via Substrate Pre-Treatment with Oxygen Plasma 通过氧等离子体预处理提高二氧化硅/硅基片上 MoS2 薄膜的厚度均匀性

IF 2.1 4区材料科学

Electronic Materials Letters Pub Date : 2024-02-05 DOI: 10.1007/s13391-024-00487-y

Irang Lim, Youjin Koo, Woong Choi

{"title":"Enhanced Thickness Uniformity of MoS2 Thin Films on SiO2/Si Substrates via Substrate Pre-Treatment with Oxygen Plasma","authors":"Irang Lim, Youjin Koo, Woong Choi","doi":"10.1007/s13391-024-00487-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13391-024-00487-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We report the enhanced thickness uniformity of chemical-vapor-deposited MoS<sub>2</sub> thin films on SiO<sub>2</sub> substrates through substrate pre-treatment with O<sub>2</sub> plasma. Contact angle measurements indicated that the SiO<sub>2</sub> surface became more hydrophilic with an increase in surface energy after O<sub>2</sub> plasma pre-treatment. Analysis through Raman spectra and transmission electron microscopy measurements revealed that the thickness uniformity of MoS<sub>2</sub> thin films improved over a centimeter scale after the O<sub>2</sub> plasma pre-treatment on SiO<sub>2</sub> substrates. Atomic force microscopy analysis further revealed that O<sub>2</sub> plasma pre-treatment on SiO<sub>2</sub> substrates improved the uniformity of surface roughness in the MoS<sub>2</sub> thin films. These results demonstrate that O<sub>2</sub> plasma pre-treatment on SiO<sub>2</sub> substrates is an effective method of enhancing the thickness uniformity of MoS<sub>2</sub> thin films, providing valuable insights for the advancement of large-scale synthesis of MoS<sub>2</sub> and related transition metal dichalcogenides.</p>","PeriodicalId":536,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Materials Letters","volume":"20 5","pages":"603 - 609"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139690052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0