{"title":"Éviter des suites médicojudiciaires après une complication de l’analgésie neuroaxiale","authors":"Francis Bonnet, Nathalie Durieux","doi":"10.1016/j.pratan.2024.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pratan.2024.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Les complications neurologiques des blocs neuroaxiaux font souvent l’objet de poursuite judiciaire. La prévention s’appuie sur le maintien d’un suivi et d’un accompagnement des patients dans la prise en charge à long terme de ces complications.</div></div><div><div>Complications of neuroaxial blocks commonly lead to legal action against physicians. To avoid to be sought in law and for the sake of patients, it is important for physicians to continue providing assistance and to guide to their patients for long-term management of their complications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52613,"journal":{"name":"Praticien en Anesthesie Reanimation","volume":"28 5","pages":"Pages 300-302"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142428668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marie-Charlotte Delignette , Camille Chaffard , Maxime Orion , Alice Blet
{"title":"Gestion périopératoire des nouveaux traitements médicamenteux de l’insuffisance cardiaque","authors":"Marie-Charlotte Delignette , Camille Chaffard , Maxime Orion , Alice Blet","doi":"10.1016/j.pratan.2024.09.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pratan.2024.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>L’insuffisance cardiaque (IC) est une pathologie chronique fréquente touchant 1 à 2 % de la population générale et plus de 10 % des personnes de plus de 70 ans. La gestion préopératoire de l’IC est cruciale pour prévenir les complications postopératoires. Les inhibiteurs des récepteurs de l’angiotensine-néprilysine (ARNI), les inhibiteurs du co-transporteur sodium-glucose de type 2 (SGLT-2), les agonistes de la guanylate cyclase ou les agonistes du <em>glucagon-like peptide-1</em> (GLP-1) sont des traitements modernes de l’IC, diminuant sa mortalité, avec des recommandations spécifiques en période périopératoire. Les ARNI, comme le sacubitril/valsartan, sont associés à un risque accru d’hypotension artérielle et doivent être interrompus le matin de la chirurgie. Les SGLT-2 peuvent provoquer une acidocétose euglycémique, il est recommandé de les arrêter au moins 3<!--> <!-->jours avant une chirurgie à risque intermédiaire ou élevé. Les agonistes de la guanylate cyclase peuvent provoquer une hypotension artérielle et leur interruption le jour de la chirurgie est conseillée. Les agonistes du GLP-1 peuvent entraîner des effets gastro-intestinaux indésirables et un risque accru de régurgitation et d’inhalation du contenu gastrique ; ils doivent être interrompus le jour de la procédure pour les administrations quotidiennes et une semaine avant pour les doses hebdomadaires. Une collaboration étroite entre cardiologues et anesthésistes est essentielle pour optimiser les résultats chirurgicaux et minimiser les complications postopératoires.</div></div><div><div>Heart failure (HF) is a common chronic condition affecting 1 to 2% of the general population and close to 10% of people over 70 years old. Preoperative management of HF is crucial to prevent postoperative complications. Angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors (ARNIs), sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors, guanylate cyclase agonists and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists are modern HF treatments, decreasing mortality, with specific perioperative management guidelines. ARNIs, such as sacubitril/valsartan, are associated with an increased risk of hypotension and should be discontinued the morning of the surgery. Guanylate cyclase agonists, like vericiguat, can cause hypotension and discontinuation on the day of surgery is advised. SGLT-2 inhibitors can cause euglycemic ketoacidosis, it is recommended to stop them at least 3 days before intermediate or high-risk surgeries. GLP-1 agonists may cause gastrointestinal side effects and an increased risk of gastric regurgitation and aspiration; they should be discontinued on the day of the procedure for daily administrations and one week before for weekly doses. Close collaboration between cardiologists and anesthesiologists is crucial to optimize surgical outcomes and minimize postoperative complications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52613,"journal":{"name":"Praticien en Anesthesie Reanimation","volume":"28 5","pages":"Pages 267-278"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142428308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Prédire pour prévenir les complications respiratoires après chirurgie abdominale : quand, avec quels outils, et pour quels patients ?","authors":"Antoine Monsel , Alexandre Sitbon","doi":"10.1016/j.pratan.2024.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pratan.2024.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Les complications respiratoires sont fréquentes après chirurgie digestive majeure. Elles augmentent la mortalité à court et moyen terme, allongent significativement la durée de séjour hospitalier et induisent un surcoût. Les facteurs de risque de complications respiratoires qui dépendent du statut médical du patient et de l’intervention chirurgicale, sont nombreux. Leur inventaire préopératoire, qui permet d’établir des scores validés, permet de hiérarchiser le risque et d’optimiser la prévention dans le cadre d’une politique de récupération améliorée après chirurgie.</div></div><div><div>Postoperative respiratory complications commonly occur after major abdominal surgery. Their occurrence increases morbidity and postoperative mortality, prolongs hospital stay and induces an important extra cost. Risk factors depend on the patient's medical status and the surgical procedure. They can be listed to provide validated predictive scores. Accordingly, patients can be included in pre and postoperative enhanced recovery programmes notably aiming to decrease the incidence of postoperative complications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52613,"journal":{"name":"Praticien en Anesthesie Reanimation","volume":"28 5","pages":"Pages 258-262"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142428731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Douleur chronique du genou : radiofréquence des nerfs géniculés","authors":"Cyril Quémeneur , Daniela Del Valle y Fuentes","doi":"10.1016/j.pratan.2024.09.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pratan.2024.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>La radiofréquence est une technique interventionnelle qui utilise un champ électromagnétique pour cibler des nerfs responsables de syndromes douloureux. Elle peut être pulsée (PRF) ou continue (CRF) avec un degré variable d’atteinte sur les tissus nerveux. Cet article décrit l’utilisation de la radiofréquence dans la gestion de la douleur du genou, en se concentrant sur ses applications spécifiques à la gonarthrose et aux douleurs postarthroplastie. Les essais contrôlés randomisés et les méta-analyses récentes soutiennent son efficacité pour la gonarthrose, montrant une amélioration significative des scores de douleur et de fonction par rapport aux traitements conservateurs. Des études supplémentaires sont nécessaires pour confirmer ces résultats à long terme. Dans l’attente la radiofréquence du genou doit être utilisée dans le cadre de protocoles de recherche rigoureux avec un suivi systématique des patients.</div></div><div><div>Radiofrequency is an interventional technique that uses an electromagnetic field to target pain-causing nerves. It can be pulsed (PRF) or continuous (CRF), with varying degrees of impact on nerve tissues. This article examines the use of radiofrequency in managing knee pain, focusing on its specific applications for arthrosis and post-arthroplasty pain. Recent randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses support its efficacy in this setting, documenting significant improvements in pain and functional scores compared to conservative treatments. However, the place of radiofrequency in managing postoperative pain is not yet well defined, and further studies are necessary to confirm its long-term efficacy and safety. Meanwhile, the use of radiofrequency should be conducted within rigorous research protocols with systematic patient follow-up.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52613,"journal":{"name":"Praticien en Anesthesie Reanimation","volume":"28 5","pages":"Pages 292-299"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142428667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Évaluation de la profondeur d’anesthésie en pédiatrie","authors":"Nada Sabourdin","doi":"10.1016/j.pratan.2024.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pratan.2024.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Le monitorage de la composante hypnotique de l’anesthésie est basé sur l’analyse spectrale de l’activité électroencéphalographique, qui varie sous l’effet des agents anesthésiques. Chez l’enfant, le spectre de l’EEG est différent de l’adulte. L’analyse est basée sur les données brutes du signal ou sur leur transformation algorithmique. Les agents anesthésiques réduisent globalement l’amplitude du signal EEG et homogénéisent le spectre. Les paramètres mesurant la profondeur d’anesthésie doivent être sélectionnés spécifiquement avant l’âge de 1 an. Chez les enfants, le monitorage de la profondeur d’anesthésie est donc possible et important.</div></div><div><div>The hypnotic component of anaesthesia is the only one usually monitored. Monitoring of the depth of anaesthesia is based on spectral analysis of the EEG signal related to the administration of the anaesthetic drugs. In the youngest paediatric patients, the EEG spectrum is different from the one of adult patients. The analysis is based on the raw data of the EEG signal and their algorithmic transformation. Taken as a whole, the effect of anaesthetic agent is to reduce the amplitude and the spectrum of the EEG. Before one year of age, the parameters used to monitor anaesthesia need to be adapted. Monitoring of the depth of anaesthesia is not only possible but also important in paediatric patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52613,"journal":{"name":"Praticien en Anesthesie Reanimation","volume":"28 5","pages":"Pages 263-266"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142428732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Échocardiographie pour le remplissage vasculaire","authors":"Laurent Muller, Claire Roger","doi":"10.1016/j.pratan.2024.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pratan.2024.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>L’échocardiographie permet avec une bonne précision de détecter une hypovolémie critique et d’évaluer la réponse à l’expansion volémique. Elle constitue le monitorage en première intention lors des états de choc notamment hypovolémique. Le diagnostic de l’hypovolémie repose sur l’appréciation du collapsus systolique du ventricule gauche et sur la mesure des variations de diamètre des veines caves. L’intégrale temps vitesse (ITV) mesurée dans la chambre de chasse sous aortique permet également d’évaluer le volume d’éjection systolique et son évolution après remplissage vasculaire. Chez les patients dont l’hypovolémie n’est pas critique on peut sensibiliser le diagnostic en utilisant l’ITV au cours d’épreuves dynamiques comme l’élévation passive des membres inférieurs ou le remplissage rapide de volumes restreints. L’échocardiographie permet aussi de préciser les situations où le remplissage vasculaire est contre-indiqué.</p></div><div><p>Cardiac echography is an useful to detect hypovolemia and to predict the effect of vascular filling. It can be considered as a first line monitoring in patients with critical hypovolemia. The diagnosis of hypovolemia is supported by the measurement of two parameters: the systolic collapse of the left ventricle and the changes in the diameters of the two vena cava, along with respiratory cycle. The time-speed integral of the sub aortic systolic outflow provides an evaluation of the left ventricle ejection output and its changes according to fluid challenges. In patients with less critical hypovolemia, the diagnosis can be sensitised by the lower limbs passive elevation or by rapid infusion of restricted volume of fluids. Cardiac echography also allows detecting contra-indications to vascular filling.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52613,"journal":{"name":"Praticien en Anesthesie Reanimation","volume":"28 4","pages":"Pages 214-221"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142088197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Lu pour vous","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.pratan.2024.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pratan.2024.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52613,"journal":{"name":"Praticien en Anesthesie Reanimation","volume":"28 4","pages":"Pages 250-253"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142088530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"L’hyperthermie maligne comme on ne l’attend pas","authors":"Perrine Deschamps , Gaspar Gomes Martins , Florian Beck , Gabriel Thierry","doi":"10.1016/j.pratan.2024.07.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pratan.2024.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>L’hyperthermie maligne (HM) est une maladie rare touchant des patients génétiquement prédisposés et qui s’exprime dramatiquement sous la forme d’une crise lors de l’exposition à des agents pharmacologiques utilisés en anesthésie-réanimation (A-R) (agents halogénés et/ou curare dépolarisant). La symptomatologie est explosive, mais tend à être retardée avec l’utilisation plus fréquente du sévoflurane et plus rare du suxaméthonium. Cet aspect est illustré par le cas d’un patient ayant une œsophagectomie qui a développé une crise d’hyperthermie maligne en fin d’intervention, 8<!--> <!-->heures après le début de l’exposition au sévoflurane. L’administration du dantrolène a permis une stabilisation hémodynamique et une correction rapide des troubles métaboliques. Un bilan génétique a permis la mise en évidence d’une mutation hétérozygote du gène <em>RYR1</em>. La rareté de la pathologie, l’utilisation d’agents halogénés comme le sévoflurane et le desflurane et le nombre important de mutations potentiellement responsables d’hyperthermie maligne rendent parfois le diagnostic difficile.</p></div><div><p>Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a rare disease diagnosed in genetically predisposed patients, that expresses as a crisis when patients are exposed to pharmacological agents used in anesthesia and intensive care (halogenated agents and/or depolarizing curare). The symptomatology is explosive but tends to be delayed with the more frequent use of sevoflurane and the rarer use of suxamethonium. A patient undergoing esophagectomy who developed a malignant hyperthermia crisis illustrates this point. This crisis began at the end of the surgical procedure, eight hours after the start of exposure to sevoflurane. Dantrolene administration was life-saving, enabling hemodynamic stabilization and rapid correction of metabolic disorders. A genetic work-up was performed and revealed a heterozygous mutation in the <em>RYR1</em> gene. The rarity of this pathology, the use of halogenated agents such as sevoflurane and desflurane, and the large number of mutations potentially responsible for malignant hyperthermia, sometimes make diagnosis difficult.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52613,"journal":{"name":"Praticien en Anesthesie Reanimation","volume":"28 4","pages":"Pages 236-242"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142088198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comment construire sa carrière en anesthésie–réanimation","authors":"Francis Bonnet","doi":"10.1016/j.pratan.2024.07.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pratan.2024.07.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52613,"journal":{"name":"Praticien en Anesthesie Reanimation","volume":"28 4","pages":"Pages 203-204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142088168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}