{"title":"Development of a digital library with accessible games for children with cognitive disabilities.","authors":"Orit Ben Shusan","doi":"10.3109/13668250.2025.2508617","DOIUrl":"10.3109/13668250.2025.2508617","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study introduced a novel approach to designing accessible games for children with cognitive disabilities by directly incorporating clinicians' expertise, addressing a critical gap in evidence-based digital interventions.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A qualitative study was conducted with 25 children in 15 occupational clinics, with varying levels of cognitive functioning. Interviews examined children's play needs to inform the development of a digital library of accessible games that were implemented in practice. A satisfaction questionnaire was distributed to participants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Useful insights for designing accessible games for children with cognitive disabilities to support their development were obtained. Accessible games allowed children with cognitive disabilities to perform all stages of play and develop social skills, meeting their unique needs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Accessible game design enhances play abilities by offering inclusive opportunities that promote understanding, participation, and skill development. Future research should examine the long-term impact of digital interventions and explore integration within family contexts to maximise therapeutic outcomes beyond clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":51466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability","volume":" ","pages":"253-263"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144287037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exploring parent and service provider expectations for children with autism or intellectual disability: A two-country follow-up study.","authors":"Melissa Washington-Nortey, Adote Anum, Zewelanji Serpell, Yaoying Xu, Ioana Rusnac","doi":"10.3109/13668250.2025.2508620","DOIUrl":"10.3109/13668250.2025.2508620","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Few studies have examined care providers' expectations for children with autism spectrum disorders or intellectual disability in low-and-middle-income countries. We used data from a qualitative study to inform a quantitative investigation of parents' and service providers' expectations for children with autism or intellectual disability in Ghana and Zambia.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>207 participants completed country-specific surveys examining expectations for children with autism or intellectual disability. Participants rated each expectation statement on two criteria: (i) the perceived importance and (ii) the perceived likelihood of attainment. We investigated differences using multivariate analysis of variance strategies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were significant differences between parents and service providers in Ghana on the perceived importance of <i>independence</i>, and the likelihood of children with autism or intellectual disability attaining <i>independence, quality education, and</i> community <i>acceptance and inclusion</i>. No significant differences emerged in Zambia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings and research, policy, and practice implications are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":51466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability","volume":" ","pages":"237-252"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Annick Zijlstra, Maroesjka van Nieuwenhuijzen, Bram O de Castro
{"title":"An intervention for expectant parents with intellectual disabilities with child safety concerns: A feasibility study.","authors":"Annick Zijlstra, Maroesjka van Nieuwenhuijzen, Bram O de Castro","doi":"10.3109/13668250.2026.2668770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/13668250.2026.2668770","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Parents with intellectual disabilities often face challenges during pregnancy that may impact child safety. Early intervention is crucial to mitigate risks. Safe Start is a safety-planning intervention. This study assessed Safe Start's feasibility.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Five families and their youth care workers assessed the application of nine working elements (i.e., the ways in which youth care workers collaborate with parents, parental appreciation of youth care worker and intervention, and child safety outcomes) in terms of changes in dynamic risk factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most families identified the majority of the working elements, and youth care workers reported substantial application of these elements. The youth care worker and the intervention were generally well appreciated by parents. Across families, child safety risks declined, and dynamic risk factors decreased in three families.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Preliminary findings suggest that Safe Start may be feasible and appreciated, with promise for improving child safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":51466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148145478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carmen Nieto, Helena Gandía-Abellán, Miguel A Sorrel, María Garrido-Salcedo
{"title":"Development and validation of the AIDA scale: Anxiety in people with autism and intellectual disability assessment.","authors":"Carmen Nieto, Helena Gandía-Abellán, Miguel A Sorrel, María Garrido-Salcedo","doi":"10.3109/13668250.2025.2546162","DOIUrl":"10.3109/13668250.2025.2546162","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Minimally verbal autistic people with intellectual disabilities are at risk of anxiety, yet remain underrepresented in research due to the lack of tools adapted to their functional profiles. This study aimed to develop and validate the AIDA Scale: Anxiety in People with Autism and Intellectual Disability Assessment.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A total of 247 participants (133 parents; 114 professionals) contributed across three phases: indicator identification, pilot study, and validation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Evidence of reliability (internal consistency and omega coefficient) and validity was gathered, including examination of the scale's dimensionality (parallel analysis, model fit indices, and factor loadings inspection) and its relationship with other variables. Findings support the use of a single total score encompassing general behaviour and behavioural change indicators.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The AIDA Scale is an effective tool for assessing anxiety symptoms in this population. Meeting these needs is critical for improving emotional wellbeing and ensuring people' rights to appropriate emotional care.</p>","PeriodicalId":51466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability","volume":" ","pages":"209-221"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144978044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of a comprehensive literacy program in primary school students with intellectual disabilities in single case studies.","authors":"Marc Tebbe, Jan Kuhl, Carmen L A Zurbriggen","doi":"10.3109/13668250.2025.2531710","DOIUrl":"10.3109/13668250.2025.2531710","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The comprehensive literacy program <i>Schoolmates</i>, an adaptation of the program <i>Friends on the Block</i>, combines (high-frequency) sight word and phonics instruction for German-speaking students with intellectual disabilities.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A single-case multiple baseline design was used to assess the progress of nine primary school students with intellectual disabilities in reading practised sight words and simple syllables (basic decoding). Data were analysed using standardised visual inspection, non-overlapping indices and hierarchical piecewise linear regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Students demonstrated moderate improvement in reading sight words, with a significant effect on both the level and trend. Six out of nine students improved their basic decoding skills from the baseline to the follow-up phase.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The comprehensive literacy program <i>Schoolmates</i> appeares to promote sight word reading among primary school students with intellectual disabilities. Future studies could investigate whether a higher frequency or longer duration of instruction affects basic decoding skills.</p>","PeriodicalId":51466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability","volume":" ","pages":"161-173"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144692382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joanne Watson, Olumuyiwa Omonaiye, Catherine M Bennett, Melissa J Bloomer, Jennifer Crosbie, Jennifer L David, Angela Dew, Patsie Frawley, Amie O'Shea, Meredith Prain, Susan Taylor, Dion Williams, Nathan J Wilson, Kate L M Anderson
{"title":"Disability group home residents and support worker perceptions of health communication during an infection outbreak: \"Junk mail\".","authors":"Joanne Watson, Olumuyiwa Omonaiye, Catherine M Bennett, Melissa J Bloomer, Jennifer Crosbie, Jennifer L David, Angela Dew, Patsie Frawley, Amie O'Shea, Meredith Prain, Susan Taylor, Dion Williams, Nathan J Wilson, Kate L M Anderson","doi":"10.3109/13668250.2025.2504277","DOIUrl":"10.3109/13668250.2025.2504277","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>During infection outbreaks people with intellectual disability face numerous challenges in accessing appropriate health information and guidance. This research sought to understand how information about infectious diseases was shared in Australian group homes, and what helps or hinders information access.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Semi-structured interviews were conducted with six residents and eight support workers during the COVID-19 pandemic (2021-2022), and observational tours of two residential group homes were also completed. Interviews and observations underwent thematic and content analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings centred around five key themes: (i) the COVID-19 context; (ii) living in an information soup; (iii) seeking information from trusted sources; (iv) sharing information with others; and (v) the value of tailored communication support.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study found that information sharing about infectious diseases in disability group homes was multidirectional and drew on both formal and informal sources. Inclusive information sharing in these settings demands a coordinated and tailored approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":51466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability","volume":" ","pages":"139-150"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144530961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Behavioural difficulties and quality of life in children with borderline intellectual functioning: A study of self- and parent-reported discrepancies in Thailand.","authors":"Nonglak Boonchooduang, Narueporn Likhitweerawong, Maniwan Phetsena, Nisochol Mekpoti, Orawan Louthrenoo","doi":"10.3109/13668250.2025.2515894","DOIUrl":"10.3109/13668250.2025.2515894","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Borderline intellectual functioning (BIF) involves cognitive and adaptive limitations affecting behaviour and quality of life (QoL). This study compared self- and parent-reported behavioural difficulties and QoL in Thai children with BIF and identified associated factors.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Fifty children aged 8-15 years with BIF and their parents completed the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory. Differences between child and parent reports were analysed using paired <i>t</i>-tests. Predictors of QoL were analysed using hierarchical multiple regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Parents reported fewer conduct problems, peer problems, and total difficulties than children, while rating prosocial behaviours higher. Self-reported QoL scores were higher, especially in social and school domains. Lower self-reported difficulties and lower paternal education predicted higher self-reported QoL, while higher maternal education and IQ predicted better parent-reported QoL.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Discrepancies between self- and parent-reported outcomes highlighted the importance of integrating both perspectives in care planning for children with BIF.</p>","PeriodicalId":51466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability","volume":" ","pages":"151-160"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144287036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pasqualina Maria Picciotti, Laura Macculi, Roberta Anzivino, Giorgia Rossi, Antonella Di Paola, Dario Antonio Mele, Graziano Onder, Angelo Carfì
{"title":"Postural control in adults with Down syndrome.","authors":"Pasqualina Maria Picciotti, Laura Macculi, Roberta Anzivino, Giorgia Rossi, Antonella Di Paola, Dario Antonio Mele, Graziano Onder, Angelo Carfì","doi":"10.3109/13668250.2025.2540134","DOIUrl":"10.3109/13668250.2025.2540134","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adults with Down syndrome present comorbidities that may worsen with age. Although falls are common in this population, postural control hasn't been clinically studied. This study aimed to assess postural control in adults with Down syndrome using Computerized Dynamic Posturography (CDP) and evaluate the role of sensory inputs.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Adults with DS (age >18 years) were recruited from outpatient clinic. Exclusion criteria included inability to cooperate or stand. Postural control was assessed with the Equitest DP system which includes the Sensory Organization Test (SOT), measuring composite equilibrium score (COMP), and sensory contributions: somatosensory (SOM), visual (VIS), and vestibular (VEST).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty subjects (mean age 36.6 ± 10.3 years, 48.3% male) participated. Pathological COMP scores were in 43.3%. VIS and VEST impairments in 31.7% and 55%, respectively; SOM scores were normal. In linear regression models, VIS and VEST showed associations with age.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Postural deficits are frequent and unrecognised in Down syndrome.</p>","PeriodicalId":51466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability","volume":" ","pages":"190-197"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144818161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Diana Hartaty Angraini, Evi Martha, Farida Kurniawati, Besral Besral
{"title":"Mothers' practices and barriers in sexuality education for adolescents with intellectual disabilities.","authors":"Diana Hartaty Angraini, Evi Martha, Farida Kurniawati, Besral Besral","doi":"10.3109/13668250.2026.2652727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/13668250.2026.2652727","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adolescents with intellectual disabilities face heightened risks of sexual victimisation, making sexuality education a critical protective factor.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This qualitative study explored how mothers conceptualise, implement, and experience challenges in delivering sexuality education within Indonesia's conservative sociocultural context. In-depth interviews were conducted with 10 mothers of adolescents aged 10-17 years with intellectual disabilities. Thematic analysis identified six core themes: (i) understanding of sexuality education, (ii) mothers' attitudes, (iii) educational practices, (iv) barriers, (v) mothers' roles, and (vi) support needs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mothers primarily linked sexuality education to hygiene, body protection, and abuse prevention, usually taught reactively during puberty or behavioural incidents. Barriers included discomfort, low confidence, stigma, limited knowledge, and a lack of culturally appropriate resources. Despite these constraints, mothers recognised their central role and expressed strong motivation for structured training and collaboration.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Findings highlight the urgency of family-centred, culturally sensitive interventions to promote safer, inclusive environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":51466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147788880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The legal incapacitation (removal of decision-making rights) of people with intellectual disabilities as described by teachers. Between protection and the restriction of rights: \"In some cases it's necessary\".","authors":"Katarzyna Ćwirynkało, Monika Parchomiuk","doi":"10.3109/13668250.2026.2652728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/13668250.2026.2652728","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Incapacitation is a legal measure that restricts self-determination for people with intellectual disabilities by giving decision-making authority to another person. This study explores how Polish special education teachers understand and engage with this instrument.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Semi-structured focus group interviews were conducted with three groups, comprising 21 teachers from special schools. The material was analysed using the principles of Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four themes were identified: meanings ascribed to incapacitation, school-parent dynamics, associated risks, and educational efforts promoting autonomy. Findings reveal ambivalent attitudes, limited awareness of legal alternatives, and a tendency to prioritise protection over autonomy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pedagogical recommendations include regular training, sharing international best practices - especially regarding the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities - and creating spaces for dialogue among schools, families, and institutions. Supportive actions should be planned within school policies, particularly during transitional periods, to empower all participants in the educational process.</p>","PeriodicalId":51466,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147788906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}