A qualitative process evaluation of Active Support in the Dutch context: An investigation of implementation and contextual factors.

Background: A qualitative process evaluation was carried out to investigate implementation of Active Support in services for people with mild and moderate intellectual disability in the Netherlands, and to identify contextual factors that may contribute to variation in implementation, perceived effectiveness, and pathways to successful outcomes.

Method: Qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with stakeholders who were involved with the Active Support implementation. Interviews with practice leaders (n = 6), Active Support trainers (n = 4), direct support staff (n = 8), and residents with mild intellectual disabilities (n = 7) were analysed through a thematic analysis.

Results: Organisational and managerial preparation appeared to lead to positive Active Support training experiences, in turn leading to behavioural changes in staff, resulting in resident wellbeing. Practice leaders' coaching, staff collaboration, and additional staffing resources through volunteers and students facilitated implementation of Active Support.

Conclusions: Identification of these factors enhances our understanding of the dynamic process of Active Support implementation in a Dutch context.