A systematic review of the characteristics of programs and services resulting in competitive employment outcomes for young people with an intellectual disability.

Abstract

Background: Transitioning to paid employment is part of the natural progression to adulthood, yet the number of people with an intellectual disability who are competitively employed globally is low. This study systematically reviewed the literature to understand characteristics of programs that support competitive employment outcomes for young people with an intellectual disability.

Method: Five databases were searched. Two quality assessment tools were used: the Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP) tool; and the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). Content analysis was conducted using Braun and Clarke's theoretical thematic analysis framework.

Results: Key findings demonstrated the importance of early career planning, work exposure, post-secondary education and certification, and on-the-job training.

Conclusion: Further research, along with the application and adaptation of existing international studies presented in this systematic review, could drive system-wide changes prioritising competitive employment outcomes for young people with intellectual disability, enabling them to experience the benefits of competitive employment.