Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture最新文献

{"title":"Identification of the sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) gene family reveals the positive role of NtSPS5 and NtSPS6 in drought stress tolerance of tobacco","authors":"Bingyu Li,&nbsp;Huan Su,&nbsp;Shuaibin Wang,&nbsp;Junping Gao,&nbsp;Zhong Wang,&nbsp;Jun Yang,&nbsp;Xin Xu","doi":"10.1186/s40538-024-00727-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-024-00727-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) is an important enzyme in the sucrose synthesis of plants, governing the accumulation and distribution of photosynthetic assimilates, which is essential for plant growth and stress tolerance.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>This study successfully identified eight <i>NtSPS</i> genes within the genome of cultivated tobacco. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these genes are categorized into three subfamilies, a classification supported by the examination of their gene structures and conserved domains. The promoters of the <i>NtSPSs</i> contained a variety of cis-elements associated with plant development, responses to phytohormones, and stress resistance. Expression profiling demonstrated that <i>NtSPS</i> genes exhibit distinct expression patterns across different tissues and under various stress conditions. Notably, the majority of <i>NtSPS</i> genes, especially <i>NtSPS5</i> and <i>NtSPS6</i>, showed high expression in leaves and increased expression in both roots and leaves following drought treatment. Furthermore, overexpression of <i>NtSPS5</i> and <i>NtSPS6</i> in tobacco plants significantly improved the germination rate under mannitol treatment and enhanced the activity of antioxidant enzymes along with chlorophyll fluorescence parameters under drought stress. These results suggest that <i>NtSPS5</i> and <i>NtSPS6</i> have a positive impact on drought stress tolerance in tobacco plants.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Therefore, this study provides the significant target in drought resistance breeding and lays the foundation for further investigation into the function and regulatory mechanisms of <i>SPS</i> genes.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-024-00727-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142938883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide analysis of DnaJA proteins in Nicotiana tabacum reveals NtDnaJA3 responses to drought stress","authors":"Qiao Wang,&nbsp;Lijun Meng,&nbsp;Zechao Qu,&nbsp;Huan Su,&nbsp;Jiemeng Tao,&nbsp;Peng Lu,&nbsp;Chenfeng Hua,&nbsp;Jinbang Wang,&nbsp;Jianfeng Zhang,&nbsp;Peijian Cao,&nbsp;Jingjing Jin","doi":"10.1186/s40538-024-00726-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-024-00726-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>DnaJA proteins, a prominent subfamily of the DnaJ family, function as molecular chaperones that respond to various external stresses. Extensive studies on the DnaJ family have been conducted in plants. However, research on this subfamily in tobacco remains relatively scarce.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>In this study, we identified 24 DnaJA genes in tobacco, and classified them into three individual groups. A comprehensive analysis based on gene structure, motif composition, and evolutionary pattern revealed the divergence of tobacco DnaJA genes. For the evolution of the <i>NtDnaJA</i> genes, purification selection was the major factor. In addition, the potential regulatory network unveiled that <i>NtDnaJA</i>s could be regulated by miRNAs and various transcription factors associated with diverse stress responses. Through expression pattern analysis of public RNA-seq datasets and qRT-PCR experiments, it was observed that many <i>NtDnaJAs</i> displayed tissue-specific expression and might play significant roles in different biotic and abiotic stresses. Additionally, the pivotal role of <i>NtDnaJA3</i> in boosting plant drought resistance was confirmed.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This study provides important perspectives on the evolution of <i>NtDnaJA</i> genes and their involvement in stress responses, laying the groundwork for future research into the roles of DnaJA regulatory genes in tobacco.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-024-00726-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142938885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of trichloroisocyanuric acid in controlling kiwifruit bacterial canker disease demonstrates its promising potential as an eco-friendly bactericide","authors":"Jianyou Gao,&nbsp;Jiewei Li,&nbsp;Cuixia Liu,&nbsp;Hongjuan Gong,&nbsp;Beibei Qi,&nbsp;Rongxiang Zhu,&nbsp;Liming Xia,&nbsp;Li Li,&nbsp;Shibiao Liu,&nbsp;Qiaosheng Jiang,&nbsp;Kaiyu Ye,&nbsp;Faming Wang","doi":"10.1186/s40538-024-00724-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-024-00724-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The growing concerns over food safety have intensified calls for alternatives to toxic pesticides in agriculture. Despite these concerns, the global agricultural industry remains heavily reliant on chemical pesticides to maintain crop yields. However, the overuse of these chemicals has resulted in significant biodiversity loss and environmental degradation, highlighting the urgent need for safer, non-toxic, and sustainable alternatives. Trichloroisocyanuric acid (TCCA), a cost-effective and relatively safe industrial oxidant commonly used for disinfection, has shown potential for plant disease management. However, its application in this context remains largely unexplored. In this study, we evaluate the efficacy of TCCA in controlling <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> pv. <i>actinidiae</i> (Psa), the causative agent of bacterial canker in kiwifruit, and explore its underlying mechanisms of action. Our results demonstrate that TCCA effectively inhibits Psa growth in vitro, even at low concentrations, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 20 mg/L (TCCA added directly to the Psa suspension) and 100 mg/L (Psa cells mixed with liquid LB medium before adding TCC). In vivo, TCCA treatment at a concentration of 500 mg/L substantially reduced Psa colonization on both kiwifruit leaves and canes, outperforming conventional bactericides such as copper hydroxide, chlorothalonil, and ethylicin, as well as alternative treatments like pyraclostrobin-dysonline and Xinjunan acetate. Mechanistic investigations revealed that TCCA inhibited bacterial biofilm formation, impaired motility, disrupted cell integrity, and suppressed the expression of virulence-related genes, ultimately leading to bacterial cell death. Additionally, TCCA treatment of both healthy and infected canes induced the activity of key defense-related enzymes, including catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), glutathione reductase (GR), and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), suggesting that TCCA may activate systemic plant defense responses. These findings position TCCA as a promising, environmentally friendly alternative to traditional toxic bactericides, offering a sustainable and effective solution for plant disease management with reduced ecological risks.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-024-00724-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142939177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel glucan from Sparassis latifolia: purification, structural characterization and protective effect on gastric mucosal cells against ethanol-induced damage","authors":"Mengyu Wang,&nbsp;Guoying Lv,&nbsp;Ruimeng Zhao,&nbsp;Weiming Cai,&nbsp;Zuofa Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s40538-024-00723-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-024-00723-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><i>Sparassis latifolia</i> is a rare edible mushroom with many pharmacological activities. Active screening found that the crude polysaccharide from this mushroom (SLP) exhibited noticeable gastroprotective effects. However, it remains unclear regarding the underlying regulatory mechanism of the gastroprotective effects of SLP. A novel polysaccharide SLP-2 was purified from the fruiting bodies of <i>S. latifolia</i>, and characterized using FT-IR, HPAEC, SEM, SEC–MALLS-RI, methylation, and NMR analysis. Structural characterization revealed that the backbone of SLP-2 was mainly composed of → 4)-α-D-Glcp-(1 → , → 3)-α-D-Glcp-(1 → and → 3,4)-α-D-Glcp-(1 → . The branched chain primarily consisted of β-D-Glcp-(1 → linked to the sugar residue → 3, 6)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → at the O-6 position and → 3,4)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → at the O-4 position. Physiological experimental results demonstrated that SLP-2 effectively protected GES-1 cells against ethanol-induced damage by suppressing intracellular ROS levels and cell apoptosis while elevating the activities of SOD and CAT enzymes. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis revealed molecular mechanisms underlying the gastroprotective effect of SLP-2, with KEGG enrichment suggesting associations with ferroptosis, TNF, PI3K–Akt, MAPK and IL-17 signaling pathways. These findings provide a technological foundation for valuable utilization of <i>S. latifolia</i> and emphasize the potential application of SLP-2 in repairing gastric mucosal injuries.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-024-00723-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142939176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined application of chemical and organic fertilizers enhances soil organic carbon sequestration and crop productivity by improving carbon stability and management index in a rice–rice cropping system","authors":"Hu Xu,&nbsp;Adnan Mustafa,&nbsp;Qudsia Saeed,&nbsp;Guiying Jiang,&nbsp;Nan Sun,&nbsp;Kailou Liu,&nbsp;Jiri Kucerik,&nbsp;Xueyun Yang,&nbsp;Minggang Xu","doi":"10.1186/s40538-024-00721-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-024-00721-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Soil organic carbon (OC) sequestration in farmlands can be improved through fertilizer applications, particularly with the addition of organic amendments. However, our knowledge of the effects of long-term different fertilization on OC chemical stability and carbon management index (CMI), as well as their response to crop productivity remains limited in rice–rice cropping system. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of fertilization on various OC sequestration indicators in bulk soil and chemical fractions, and establish their relationships with crop productivity. The treatments selected in the present study were those which had undergone long-term fertilization under double-rice cropping including: (1) no fertilization (CK); (2) combined application of chemical nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium fertilizers (NPK); (3) the doubled rate of NPK treatment (2NPK); and (4) NPK treatment plus organic fertilizers (NPKM). After 29 years of fertilization, we observed that NPKM resulted in the highest OC stocks (11.47 and 26.15 Mg ha⁻¹, respectively) and distribution ratios (24 and 54%, respectively) in the less-labile fraction and passive pool. Conversely, it showed the lowest OC values in the labile fraction and active pool compared to CK, NPK, and 2NPK treatments. Additionally, NPKM significantly (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) increased CMI (by 47 and 33%) over CK and NPK treatments, which suggests that soil receiving NPKM was better managed. Apart from maintaining higher crop yields and increasing OC input, NPKM also tremendously enhanced OC sequestration as indicated by the highest soil OC stock (48.80 Mg ha⁻¹) and OC sequestration rate (CSR, 0.37 Mg ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹). There was an increasing trend of CSR and passive OC pool, but a decreasing trend of carbon sequestration efficiency with increasing OC input, which may be associated with OC saturation behavior of soil. Furthermore, crop yield showed significant positive linear correlations with passive OC pool and CMI. In summary, long-term combined application of chemical and organic fertilizers enhanced OC sequestration and crop productivity by improving passive OC pool and CMI, which contributed to realize agricultural sustainability in double-cropping rice regions.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-024-00721-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142913010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the capacity of microorganism treatment for fermentation and glycosidic aroma bioconversion from rose oil distillation wastewater","authors":"Mohammad Karami,&nbsp;Mohsen Bagheri,&nbsp;Alireza Abbasi-Baharanchi,&nbsp;Kamahladin Haghbeen,&nbsp;Abdolrahim Nouri,&nbsp;Ali Asghar Karkhane,&nbsp;Mansour Ghorbanpour,&nbsp;Mohsen Farhadpour","doi":"10.1186/s40538-024-00717-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-024-00717-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>One of the main concerns for ecological sustainability is finding ways to convert byproducts from medicinal aroma plants into high-value ingredients. The Damask rose (<i>Rosa damascena</i> Mill.) is a valuable species of aromatic rose that is grown in specific floriculture regions of Iran for the extraction of essential oils or preparation of rose water. The rose is widely used in cosmetics, flavor or fragrance formulations, and pharmaceutical products worldwide. The process of water-steam distillation is commonly used to extract rose oil, with an extraction efficiency of ~ 0.03–0.05% for active components. However, a significant amount of waste is generated during this process, with a large portion of the distillate being composed of water. This waste is known as rose oil hydrodistillation wastewater (RODW) and is considered a biocontaminant. It poses major ecological difficulties when disposed of in surface water and public drainage systems, due to the high concentration of complex degradable chemical compounds, such as polyphenols.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>This study highlights the potential of using three different types of microorganisms, namely <i>Lactobacillus acidophilus</i>, <i>Pichia pastoris</i>, and <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> for the conversion of glycosidically conjugated forms of nonvolatile aroma precursors into valuable aroma compounds. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis demonstrated that all three microorganisms could affect the concentration of volatile components. However, when the sample was treated with <i>S. cerevisiae</i> for 120 h, the highest levels of recovery were observed for phenyl ethyl alcohol and eucalyptol, which were 2.5 and 80 times greater than those of the untreated sample, respectively. Moreover, the levels of α-pinene and anethole were also increased to ~ 9.7 and 11.7 times after 48 h of treatment, respectively. Additionally, the fermentation process increased in the total phenolic and flavonoid contents.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Using different microbial biocatalysts to recover natural bioactive aroma compounds is an attractive and scalable bioconversion methodology for producing value-added chemical derivatives from the waste of medicinal plants.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-024-00717-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142890057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of the enzymatic hydrolysis process for sea buckthorn leaf polysaccharides: an investigation into their enhanced physicochemical properties and antioxidant activities","authors":"Yuning An,&nbsp;Buyu Wang,&nbsp;Ziqi Meng,&nbsp;Yifeng Song,&nbsp;Yuan Wang,&nbsp;Wenwen Wang,&nbsp;Ming Xu,&nbsp;Xiaoping An","doi":"10.1186/s40538-024-00706-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-024-00706-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Sea buckthorn leaves (<i>Hippophae rhamnoides</i> L.) (SBL) are considered a promising new source of antioxidants. The process of enzymatic hydrolysis facilitates the breakdown of plant cell walls, promoting the release of polysaccharides. In this study, we optimized the enzymatic hydrolysis process of SBL to enhance the release of polysaccharides, resulting in enzymatically hydrolyzed SBL polysaccharides (ESBLP), and compared the differences in composition and physicochemical properties between SBL polysaccharides (SBLP) and ESBLP. The antioxidant activity of both SBLP and ESBLP was assessed using DPPH and hydroxyl radical assays in vitro. In addition, their protective effects against AAPH-induced oxidative stress were evaluated in zebrafish embryos. The results indicated that using pectinase with an enzyme dosage of 4500 U/g, at a temperature of 50 °C, a material-to-liquid ratio of 1:1, and a reaction time of 48 h, the polysaccharides content after enzymatic hydrolysis increased from 84.51 to 224.93 mg/g, representing a 179.34% increase. Compared to SBLP, ESBLP exhibited enhanced solubility, oil-holding capacity, and higher <i>L</i> (brightness), <i>a</i>* (redness), and <i>b</i>* (yellowness) values. ESBLP also showed a lower molecular weight and higher protein content. Morphologically, the dense sheet-like structure of SBLP transformed into a fragmented porous surface in ESBLP, with notable changes in monosaccharide composition. In vitro experiments demonstrated that ESBLP had a stronger scavenging ability against DPPH and hydroxyl radicals. In an oxidative stress model using zebrafish, ESBLP significantly reduced the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation levels. In conclusion, the ESBLP we prepared not only showed increased polysaccharides content and improved physicochemical properties but also exhibited superior antioxidant activity. These findings provide valuable insights for the further development and utilization of SBL.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-024-00706-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142890055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A positively charged carbon dot complex improves the bioactivity of Isaria fumosorosea against Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus)","authors":"Xinyi Que,&nbsp;Fangmei Fu,&nbsp;Guorun Yang,&nbsp;Bingfu Lei,&nbsp;Shaukat Ali,&nbsp;Xingmin Wang","doi":"10.1186/s40538-024-00703-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-024-00703-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Nanomaterials compounded with entomopathogenic fungi have been proven to be effective in insect pest management. This study reports the synthesis and bioactivity of <i>Isaria fumosorosea</i>-based nanoparticles by compounding the fungus with differentially (positively or negatively) charged carbon dots. Initially, negatively charged carbon dots (N-CDs) and carbon dots (P-CDs) were synthesized via a one-step hydrothermal method. The N-CDs and P-CDs were then individually compounded with <i>I. fumosorosea</i> to develop N-CD@<i>I. fumosorosea</i> and P-CD<i>@I. fumosorosea</i> nanocomposites.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Characterization of the nanoparticles revealed that positively or negatively charged carbon dots were attached to <i>I. fumosorosea</i> by electrostatic bonding. Finally, the virulence of both types of nanoparticles was observed in <i>Plutella xylostella</i>. The bioassay results indicated that the highest <i>P. xylostella</i> mortality (92.7 ± 2.04%) was associated with the P-CD<i>@I. fumosorosea</i> treatment. The results of nontargeted metabolomic analysis revealed that different treatments affected the metabolism of <i>P. xylostella</i> by interfering with the riboflavin metabolism pathway by downregulating the expression of two main metabolites of the riboflavin metabolism pathway (2-5-diamino-6-pyrimidin-4-one and 7-hydroxy-6-methyl-8-ribiotin), although the extent of the expression downregulation varied among the different treatments.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Overall, this work provides insight into the mechanism by which positively charged nanomaterials improve the virulence of entomopathogenic fungi. This work provides a new direction for the design and application of nanomaterials for insect pest management.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-024-00703-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142889760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation and characterization of Bacillus sp. HSY32 and its toxin gene for potential biological control of plant parasitic nematode","authors":"Peiyu Yan,&nbsp;Shakil Ahmad,&nbsp;Zhixia Xu,&nbsp;He Jia,&nbsp;Renyue Zhang,&nbsp;Jingwen Song,&nbsp;Nazia Manzar,&nbsp;Abhijeet Shankar Kashyap,&nbsp;Wenfei Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s40538-024-00720-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-024-00720-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Plant parasitic nematodes (PPNs) cause significant damage to crop production worldwide, leading to substantial economic losses. Conventional chemical nematicides are effective but frequently associated with environmental and health hazards. In response, biological control methods, particularly the use of microbial pesticides, have emerged as a sustainable and effective alternative. This study focuses on the isolation and characterization of <i>Bacillus</i> sp. HSY32, a bacterial strain with nematicidal properties, from a tropical rainforest soil sample in Hainan, China. Soil samples were screened for nematicidal activity, which led to the identification of the strain HSY32. Detailed observations using optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that HSY32 forms spores and parasporal crystal structures, which are typically associated with nematicidal <i>Bacillus</i> species. Genomic analysis of HSY32 showed that its genome spans 6,711,949 base pairs and contains 7915 predicted genes, with an average GC content of 35.4%. Phylogenetic analysis, utilizing 16S rRNA sequences and average nucleotide identity (ANI), established that HSY32 is closely related to <i>Bacillus mobilis</i>, a known species within the <i>Bacillus</i> genus. Further genomic analysis using local BLAST identified several toxin genes with high similarity to known nematicidal genes, including <i>cry4Ba</i>, <i>cry50Ba</i>, <i>app6Ba</i>, <i>cry70Bb</i>, and <i>tpp36Aa</i>. To confirm the functionality of these toxin genes, they were cloned into pET-30a expression vectors and expressed in <i>E. coli</i> BL21 (DE3) cells. Among the expressed proteins, the Cry4Ba-like protein, with a molecular weight of approximately 110 kDa, was found to exhibit significant nematicidal activity in bioassays. This protein demonstrated the ability to kill or inhibit the growth of PPNs, indicating its potential as a biological control agent. The successful isolation of <i>Bacillus</i> strain HSY32 and the identification of its novel <i>Cry4-like</i> toxin gene represent a significant advancement in the field of biological control of plant parasitic nematodes. The nematicidal activity of the Cry4Ba-like protein highlights the potential of HSY32 as a source of new biopesticides. Further studies are required to enhance the production and application of these biocontrol agents in agriculture, paving the way for more sustainable and eco-friendly methods to control PPNs.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-024-00720-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142889490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The plant growth-promoting effect of an Ascophyllum nodosum (L.) extract derives from the interaction of its components and involves salicylic-, auxin- and cytokinin-signaling pathways","authors":"Maite Olaetxea,&nbsp;María Garnica,&nbsp;Javier Erro,&nbsp;Javier Sanz,&nbsp;Giovane Monreal,&nbsp;Angel M. Zamarreño,&nbsp;José M. García-Mina","doi":"10.1186/s40538-024-00707-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-024-00707-5","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;Ascophyllum Nodosum&lt;/i&gt; (L.) Extracts (ANE), even at low concentrations, are reported to behave as plant growth promoters and inducers of resistance to diverse abiotic and biotic stresses. However, the mechanisms regulating ANE's actions on plant metabolism have not been fully described. This study has two main objectives: (1) to investigate the role of some of the main components of an ANE extract on the plant growth-promoting action of ANE in &lt;i&gt;Arabidopsis thaliana&lt;/i&gt;. To this end, experiments have been carried out studying the effect on plant growth of some of the main components of ANE at the concentration contained in the application rate of ANE extract. This study will allow us to obtain some insights about whether the ANE´s action may be ascribed to one or several of its components or derives from the ANE`s action as a whole and (2) to investigate the role of the signaling pathways regulated by salicylic acid (SA), indolacetic acid (IAA), and cytokinins (CK) in the mechanism of action behind the plant growth-promoting action of ANE. To this end, three &lt;i&gt;Arabidopsis thaliana&lt;/i&gt; lines affected by the action of SA were treated with ANE: two loss-of-function mutants, &lt;i&gt;pad4&lt;/i&gt; (Phytoalexin Deficient 4) and &lt;i&gt;sid2-2&lt;/i&gt; (Salicylic acid Induction Deficient), along with a transgenic line expressing a bacterial salicylate hydroxylase, &lt;i&gt;nahg&lt;/i&gt;, that prevents SA accumulation. ANE was also tested in an IAA loss-of-function mutant (&lt;i&gt;tir1&lt;/i&gt;) and two CK receptors loss-of-function mutants (&lt;i&gt;ahk2 and ahk3&lt;/i&gt;). Thus, the research advanced in the ANE´s mediated shoot growth-promoting mechanism of action through the coordinated signaling network involving SA-, CK-, and IAA-signaling pathways.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;The results revealed that: (1) the plant growth-promoting action of ANE seems to be related to the interaction of its components rather than to the action of some of its components and (2) the &lt;i&gt;nahg&lt;/i&gt; transgenic line and the &lt;i&gt;sid2-2&lt;/i&gt; mutation, blocked the capacity of ANE to stimulate shoot growth. However, the &lt;i&gt;pad4&lt;/i&gt; mutant was stimulated by ANE. The fact that the action of ANE is impaired in &lt;i&gt;sid2-2&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;nahg&lt;/i&gt; indicates that the shoot growth-promoting effect of ANE is dependent on the SA-regulated signaling pathway. Likewise, the application of ANE to &lt;i&gt;tir1&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;ahk2,&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;ahk3&lt;/i&gt; plant mutants also affected the ANE´s capacity to promote shoot growth.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;These results indicate that the ANE`s ability to stimulate shoot growth involves the coordinated activation of salicylic acid-, cytokinin-, and auxin-signaling pathways. The results obtained in the &lt;i&gt;pad4&lt;/i&gt; mutant indicate that the ANE´s action through the SA-signaling pathways that promote shoot growth differs from those regulated by the Enhanced Disease Susceptibility1/Phytoalexin Deficient4 (EDS1/PAD4) system. Finally, the action of ANE1 promoting plant growth seems to derive from the ","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-024-00707-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142875161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}