Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture最新文献

{"title":"Revealing the response mechanism of winter rapeseed (Brassica rapa L.) to freezing stress based on transcriptome analysis","authors":"Xinxin Li,&nbsp;Juncheng Zhu,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Pu,&nbsp;Li Ma,&nbsp;Lijun Liu,&nbsp;Wangtian Wang,&nbsp;Gang Yang,&nbsp;Tingting Fan,&nbsp;Wancang Sun,&nbsp;Junyan Wu","doi":"10.1186/s40538-026-00938-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-026-00938-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Winter rapeseed (<i>Brassica rapa</i> L. <i>subsp.oleifera</i>) is an important oilseed crop in northern China, where freezing stress imposes severe constraints on its yield. Its leaves dry up and wither during the overwintering period, but its roots stay deeply embedded in the soil. Following March of the next year, new leaves grow from the growing point and it enters reproductive growth. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the cold tolerance regulatory mechanisms and physiological-biochemical responses of field-grown roots in rapeseed cultivars with significant differences in cold tolerance during cold stress.This study used a strong cold-tolerant variety “Longyou 7 (L7)” and a moderate cold-tolerant variety “Longyou 99 (L99)” as experimental materials. The materials were planted in field to analyze the effects of natural freezing stress on rapeseed growth, physiological characteristics, hormone levels, and transcriptional levels before wintering. Additionally, transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) was combined to decipher the molecular regulatory mechanisms. Results showed that as temperature decrease, contents of proline (Pro), soluble sugar (SS), soluble protein (SP), and salicylic acid (SA) in roots of the strong cold-tolerant variety L7 were all significantly higher than those in L99, while contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and gibberellin (GA₃) in L7 were significantly lower than those in L99. RNA-seq results revealed that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were significantly involved in phenylpropane biosynthesis, carbon metabolism, starch and sucrose metabolism, MAPK signaling pathway, ribosome, proteasome, and protein processing. Among these, the differences in the expression of genes related to cell signal transduction (MAPK signaling pathway) and metabolism were particularly prominent. Through weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), 9 candidate genes related to protein kinases, plant hormones, transcription factors, and signal transduction were identified in the MAPK and 2 other modules.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40538-026-00938-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147829626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation, structural characterization, and immunostimulatory activity of a polysaccharide from the stem of Trapa acornis Nakano on RAW264.7 macrophages","authors":"Bin Zhang,&nbsp;Xueping Zhang,&nbsp;Lei Liu,&nbsp;Xin Zhong,&nbsp;Yiting Lyu,&nbsp;Ke Xu,&nbsp;Ran Zhang,&nbsp;Xiaowen Shi","doi":"10.1186/s40538-026-00935-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-026-00935-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><i>Trapa acornis</i> Nakano, also known as “Nan-hu-ling” (NHL), is an important agricultural crop whose fruits are commonly consumed as food, while its stems are usually discarded as agricultural by-products.</p><h3>Methods and results</h3><p>In the current investigation, a homogeneous polysaccharide (NHLP) with a weight-average molecular weight (Mw) of 62.0 kDa was isolated from the stem of NHL. Monosaccharide composition analysis revealed that NHLP was primarily composed of Gal (24.4%), Glc (18.9%), GalA (16.8%), Xyl (12.1%), and Rha (7.7%). Methylation analysis indicated that NHLP mainly contained residues of 4-Gal<i>p</i>A, 4-Glc<i>p</i>, 4-Gal<i>p</i>, 4-Xyl<i>p</i>, 3,6-Gal<i>p</i>, t-Ara<i>f</i>, t-Gal<i>p</i>, and t-Rha<i>p</i>. The linkage patterns of these residues were structurally resolved using one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. In vitro assays demonstrated that NHLP stimulated RAW264.7 cells to produce nitric oxide (NO) in a dose-dependent manner, promoted the release of proinflammatory cytokines including interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and upregulated transcriptional profiles of genes involved in inflammatory responses (IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, COX-2, iNOS, and IκBα) and proteins (iNOS, COX-2, IL-1β, and TNF-α).</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This study clarified the proposed structure of the polysaccharide derived from <i>T. acornis</i> stem and its macrophage-activating effects, providing supportive evidence for its potential application in immune activation.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40538-026-00935-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147829989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green synthesis of curcumin-functionalized NiO/GO nanoparticles with dual role in plant growth and post-harvest fruit protection","authors":"Kuttralam Velsankar,&nbsp;Malaiyappan Sathiyamoorthy,&nbsp;Simiyon Denisdon,&nbsp;Wenzhuo Feng,&nbsp;Guy Smagghe,&nbsp;Yong Wang","doi":"10.1186/s40538-026-00920-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-026-00920-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Bio-inspired synthesis provides valuable potency in multifunctional applications. The post-harvest spoilage of fruits needs to be minimized through this approach. An eco-friendly and cost-effective bio-based synthesis of nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO NPs) was successfully achieved using <i>Illicium verum</i> Hook.f. extract. To enhance multi-functionality, NiO NPs were further functionalized with graphene oxide (GO) and curcumin, resulting in Cur–GO–NiO. Three different ratios (1:1:0.5, 1:1:1, and 1:1:1.5) were prepared to investigate the concentration-dependent efficacy.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The synthesized materials were extensively characterized using various analytical techniques such as UV-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy. UV-visible analysis revealed the hybrid formation of Cur–GO–NiO with the appearance of absorbance peaks at 240, 340 and 465 nm. X-ray diffraction pattern showed the high crystalline nature of composite. Fourier transform infrared analysis explicated the presence of C=O, C–O, O–H and Ni–O stretching vibrations. Scanning electron microscopy exposed the bulk rectangular, layered structure, spherical morphology of curcumin, GO and NiO NPs, respectively. Energy dispersive X-ray spectrum and mapping showed the existence of carbon, oxygen and nickel elements in Cur–GO–NiO composite. Functionally, Cur–GO–NiO (1:1:1.5) significantly enhanced the growth of <i>Vigna radiata</i> (L.) R.Wilczek at 20 and 40 ppm concentration within 10 days. Moreover, it provided effective post-harvest protection of tomatoes even in the lower 10 ppm dose maintaining zero decay up to 15 days.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The high content of biosynthesized NiO NPs with curcumin and GO delivered the multifunctional performance, including post-harvest protection, biocompatibility and plant growth even in lower concentrations. These findings demonstrated that Cur–GO–NiO (1:1:1.5) can be used as a bio-based fungicide, specifically enhancing crop growth and extending post-harvest shelf life, making them highly valuable for sustainable agricultural applications.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40538-026-00920-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147561559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Multi-omics insights into the effects of Allium Mongolicum Regel flavonoids on growth, antioxidant capacity, and immune regulation in Saanen dairy male goats","authors":"Lei Xu,&nbsp;Aihuan Yu,&nbsp;Yaodi Xie,&nbsp;Ruixin Yang,&nbsp;Wenliang Tao,&nbsp;Chenxu Sun,&nbsp;Xiao Zhang,&nbsp;Beibei Guo,&nbsp;Zijia Liu,&nbsp;Shuangcheng Fu,&nbsp;Qilong Yao,&nbsp;Yuteng Liang,&nbsp;Jiang Hu,&nbsp;Wangjing Liu,&nbsp;Zhaomin Lei","doi":"10.1186/s40538-026-00933-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-026-00933-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40538-026-00933-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147561826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Freshness indicator selection and monitoring of red paprika (Capsicum annuum L.) based on volatile organic compounds (VOCs) analysis using an electronic nose","authors":"Seo-Young Jeon,&nbsp;Jong-Hoon Kim,&nbsp;Jae-Hwan Ahn,&nbsp;Seung-Eel Oh,&nbsp;Ji-Young Kim","doi":"10.1186/s40538-026-00914-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-026-00914-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Red paprika (<i>Capsicum annuum</i> L.) quality maintenance during storage and distribution is crucial, with storage temperature significantly impacting physiological changes and freshness. This study evaluated the effects of two storage temperatures (10 °C and 20 °C) on red paprika quality attributes and aimed to identify freshness indicators through volatile organic compounds (VOCs) analysis using a non-destructive electronic nose (E-nose) system.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Among the quality changes, color (a* value), firmness, and microbial growth progressed more rapidly at 20 °C. During ripening, total polyphenol and carotenoid content increased, while vitamin C decreased with storage. E-nose analysis identified 14 major VOCs, including alcohols, aldehydes, esters, ketones, and sulfur-containing compounds, showing distinct volatile profile changes. Freshness-related VOCs (e.g., pent-1-en-3-ol, 1-hexen-3-one, L-carvone) were predominant in the early storage stage. As ripening progressed, related indicators emerged sequentially for ripening (e.g., 1-hexanol, hexanal), overripeness (e.g., 2-methylbutane, 5-methylfurfural), and spoilage (e.g., methanethiol). Multivariate and correlation analyses revealed that as storage duration increased, quality attributes such as a* value, total polyphenols, and carotenoids, as well as spoilage-related VOCs (methanethiol, 2-methylbutane), showed positive correlations. Conversely, b* value, firmness, vitamin C, and freshness-related VOCs (pent-1-en-3-ol, 1-hexen-3-one, L-carvone) exhibited negative correlations.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>These findings demonstrate that specific VOCs detected by E-nose technology can serve as effective indicators for assessing red paprika freshness and storage condition. This can be utilized for real-time quality control of paprikas during storage and distribution.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40538-026-00914-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147829956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toward sustainable carbon cycling: biomass-derived materials for CO2 conversion","authors":"Juan Wu,&nbsp;Hui Sun,&nbsp;Ying Ni,&nbsp;LingZhong Wan,&nbsp;XiaoNan Deng","doi":"10.1186/s40538-026-00934-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-026-00934-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Global CO₂ emissions have reached unprecedented levels, intensifying climate change and threatening food security, biodiversity, and agricultural sustainability. Catalytic conversion of CO₂ into value-added chemicals and fuels represents a promising strategy toward carbon neutrality, with thermo-, photo-, and electro-catalysis being the major approaches. However, these processes often require high energy inputs, underscoring the need for integration with renewable resources to ensure sustainable benefits.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Biomass, as an abundant, carbon-rich, and renewable feedstock, offers unique advantages in CO₂ catalytic conversion. Its diverse chemical composition, hierarchical porosity, and abundant functional groups enhance CO₂ adsorption and activation, while also enabling structural modulation and heteroatom doping to optimize catalytic performance. In addition, biomass and its derivatives can serve as both catalyst precursors and co-reactants, thereby reducing energy consumption and expanding product diversity. This review systematically summarizes recent progress in biomass-based CO₂ conversion through thermo-, photo-, and electro-catalysis, highlighting material design strategies, catalytic mechanisms, and functional roles.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Biomass integration into CO₂ catalytic conversion not only provides sustainable pathways for reducing greenhouse gas emissions but also supports the development of green agriculture and circular carbon economy. Despite the progress, challenges remain in terms of efficiency, scalability, and mechanistic understanding, which call for interdisciplinary approaches and innovative strategies in future research.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40538-026-00934-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147830019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"VvGRX28 interacting with VvZNF10 modulates cold tolerance via eliminating excessive ROS in grapevine","authors":"Guojie Nai,&nbsp;Congcong Zhang,&nbsp;Haokai Yan,&nbsp;Lei Ma,&nbsp;Zhihui Pu,&nbsp;Jingrong Zhang,&nbsp;Zhilong Li,&nbsp;Xiaoxiao Qin,&nbsp;Sheng Li,&nbsp;Baihong Chen,&nbsp;Shaoying Ma","doi":"10.1186/s40538-026-00928-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-026-00928-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Glutaredoxins (GRXs) are small oxidoreductases that play a crucial role in response to abiotic stress. Although the GRX gene family has been characterized in several species, the knowledge of their evolution relationship, diversification and function in grape are still limited.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>In this study, 32 <i>VvGRX</i> genes were identified and clustered into CC-, CGFS-, GRL- and CPYC-type categories. The structure and motifs of <i>VvGRXs</i> were similar in genes clustered into close branches, indicating highly conserved during the evolutional process. <i>Cis</i>-acting elements mainly were involved in stress response and hormone regulation. Tissue-specific expression showed that <i>VvGRXs</i> were differentially expressed in different grape tissues. qRT-PCR indicated that <i>VvGRX28</i> expression could actively be induced by cold stress. Furthermore, <i>VvGRX28</i> was functionally characterized and cloned to verify the cold tolerance function. Through <i>Agrobacterium</i>-mediating to overexpress and interfere <i>VvGRX28</i>, the result demonstrated that the <i>VvGRX28</i> overexpression could enhance the content of proline (Pro), soluble sugar (SS), glutathione (GSH) and peroxidase (POD) activities, and reduced the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), and upregulated the expression of <i>ICE</i>, <i>CBF</i> and <i>COR</i> in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> and grape callus, while exhibiting an opposite trend after RNAi. VvZNF10, as the interaction protein of VvGRX28, overexpression and co-transformation with <i>VvGRX28</i> could improve the cold tolerance in grape callus.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The results demonstrate that <i>VvGRX28</i> is a positive regulator to enhance cold tolerance interacting with <i>VvZNF10</i> in grape. Collectively, this study provides a comprehensive analysis of the VvGRX gene family, offering novel insights into the regulation mechanism of <i>VvGRX28</i> under cold stress in grape.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40538-026-00928-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147737887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silver nanoparticles synthesized from Coleus scutellarioides leaf extract exhibit antimicrobial activity against bacterial and fungal pathogens of fruit crops","authors":"Bingjie Wang,&nbsp;Bing Li,&nbsp;Ying Shen,&nbsp;Gang Li,&nbsp;Mingsong Cen,&nbsp;Rui Chen,&nbsp;Munazza Ijaz,&nbsp;Alhassan Alrafaie,&nbsp;Qianli An,&nbsp;Haiying Ren,&nbsp;Bin Li","doi":"10.1186/s40538-026-00930-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-026-00930-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Green synthesis of metal nanoparticles using plant-derived reducing and stabilizing agents offers an environmentally compatible alternative to chemical synthesis. However, developing multifunctional nano-enabled microbicides that are both effective and safe for crop systems remains a challenge. To provide a simple and sustainable approach for managing fruit crop diseases, this study utilized <i>Coleus scutellarioides</i> leaf extract to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and evaluated their antimicrobial activities against two major phytopathogens infecting herbaceous (tomato) and woody (bayberry) crops.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The plant extract efficiently mediated the formation of uniform, spherical AgNPs with an average diameter of 36.4 nm, confirmed by spectroscopic and microscopic analyses. The nanoparticles significantly inhibited the growth of <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> pv. <i>tomato</i> (<i>Pst</i>) by 66% at 100 µg/mL and reduced bacterial motility and biofilm formation. Strong antifungal activity was also observed, with more than 72% inhibition of <i>Pestalotiopsis versicolor</i> mycelial growth at 500 µg/mL in both solid and liquid media. Microscopic and biochemical assays showed that the nanoparticles disrupted microbial cell membranes and compromised cellular integrity. Detached-leaf assays further demonstrated that AgNPs pre-treatment significantly reduced tomato bacterial speck and bayberry twig blight severity, with disease suppression comparable to that of conventional copper-based bactericides and commercial fungicides. Furthermore, the nanoparticles exhibited no phytotoxic effects on rice seed germination at 250 µg/mL, indicating good biocompatibility for agricultural applications.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This plant-mediated synthesis provides a green, simple, and scalable method for synthesizing antimicrobial AgNPs without chemical reagents. The resulting nanoparticles exhibit broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against bacterial and fungal pathogens in both herbaceous and woody fruit crops. These findings highlight their potential as sustainable nano-enabled microbicides for integrated disease management in agriculture.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40538-026-00930-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147737491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrative analysis of metagenomics and metabolomics reveals rhizospheric regulatory strategies for soybean adaptation to gradient phosphorus stress","authors":"Rongrong Wu,&nbsp;Tongli Yang,&nbsp;Zhu Chen","doi":"10.1186/s40538-026-00929-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-026-00929-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><p>Soybean is sensitive to phosphorus (P) supply, but the rhizosphere ecological mechanisms underlying its low-P tolerance, particularly the synergistic regulatory network between microorganisms and metabolites, are not well understood. This study aimed to integrate metagenomics and metabolomics to reveal the rhizosphere regulatory strategies of soybean in response to graded low-P stress.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Three P levels were established (severe deficiency, P0; mild deficiency, P30; sufficiency, P90) using two soybean cultivars (P-efficient AX and P-sensitive NM). The study systematically analyzed their rhizosphere P-cycling microbial communities, functional genes, and metabolites.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Extreme low P (AX0) triggered community reorganization in the AX rhizosphere, specifically enriching Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria, upregulating the polyphosphate degradation genes <i>spoT</i> and <i>ppgK</i>, and downregulating the P transporter genes <i>phnC</i> and <i>phnD</i>. In contrast, under NM30 conditions, the abundance of the polyphosphate degradation gene <i>pap</i> was significantly upregulated, and the relative abundance of Proteobacteria increased. Metabolomics analysis showed that both varieties upregulated tyramine, L-phenylalanine, and trans-cinnamic acid, and downregulated stachyose, choline sulfate, and maltotriose under low-P conditions, while caprylic acid was specifically upregulated only in AX under low P. Correlation analysis indicated that P-cycling microorganisms/genes were significantly correlated with soil available P (AP) and acid phosphatase activity (S-ACP) (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01), while the rhizosphere metabolite profile was highly correlated with plant P accumulation and biomass (R² &gt; 0.85). Partial Least Squares Path Modeling (PLS-PM) further confirmed that rhizosphere metabolites are a key link between microbial functions and plant P acquisition, with the strongest direct contribution to soil P availability.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>P-efficient soybeans cope with low-P stress through an “internal turnover” strategy, activating polyphosphate degradation pathways and secreting specific metabolites such as caprylic acid, which synergistically enriches microbial groups with P transformation potential (e.g., Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria). In contrast, the P-sensitive variety exhibited a weaker “external dependency” mode, recruiting Proteobacteria early and inducing the expression of some degradation genes while suppressing the exudation of carbon metabolites. This study elucidates the rhizosphere microecological mechanisms underlying differences in P efficiency in soybean and provides theoretical support and potential targets for low-P tolerance breeding.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40538-026-00929-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147642320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of soil microbial composition in the rhizosphere of lutein and zeaxanthin rich maize variety","authors":"Yan Yin,&nbsp;Yu Zhu,&nbsp;Ken Chen,&nbsp;Zhiyu Liao,&nbsp;Lan Lan,&nbsp;Xiqin Wei,&nbsp;Shangdong Yang","doi":"10.1186/s40538-026-00925-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-026-00925-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Rhizosphere microorganisms are key regulators of plant growth, stress tolerance, and secondary metabolism. However, whether soil microbial communities influence lutein and zeaxanthin biosynthesis in maize remains unclear.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Analysis of rhizosphere microbial communities revealed that maize varieties rich in lutein- and zeaxanthin harbored greater soil microbial diversity and richness compared to common varieties. Distinct bacterial taxa enriched in these rhizospheres included the phylum Methylomirabilota and the genera <i>Xanthobacteraceae</i>, MB-A2-108, <i>Rokubacteriales</i>, and <i>Acidothermus</i>. Specific fungal genera comprised <i>Didymella</i>,<i> Coprinellus</i>,<i> Trichoderma</i>,<i> Clonostachys</i>,<i> Poaceascoma</i>,<i> Arachniotus</i>,<i> Monocillium</i>, along with several unclassified taxa within <i>Chytridiomycota</i>,<i> Pleosporales</i>, GS13, <i>Agaricomycetes</i>,<i> Polyporales</i>. Most of these specific bacterial and fungal genera correlated positively 0with lutein and zeaxanthin contents.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Our findings demonstrate that rhizosphere microbial community composition differs in high-lutein and zeaxanthin maize variety, suggesting a potential association between maize genotype, rhizosphere microbiota, and carotenoid accumulation.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40538-026-00925-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147559262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}