Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture最新文献

{"title":"Transcriptome and miRNAome analyses uncover the regulatory role of miR6155 in trichome development of tobacco","authors":"Mengxiao Xu,&nbsp;Jianfeng Zhang,&nbsp;Lijun Meng,&nbsp;Huan Su,&nbsp;Zechao Qu,&nbsp;Jiemeng Tao,&nbsp;Peng Lu,&nbsp;Deshui Liu,&nbsp;Shizhou Yu,&nbsp;Chenfeng Hua,&nbsp;Jinbang Wang,&nbsp;Peijian Cao,&nbsp;Jingjing Jin","doi":"10.1186/s40538-024-00718-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-024-00718-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Glandular trichomes, which act as the first barrier against damage induced by insects and disease, can produce specialized metabolites that play important roles during plant development. However, the role played by microRNAs (miRNAs), which regulate many plant physiological processes, during trichome development is not unraveled in detail.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>In this study, we performed RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) and small RNA sequencing assessments of tobacco trichome, leaf minus trichome (leaf-trichome), and leaf tissue to improve our understanding of the miRNA mechanisms regulating trichome development. Totally, we identified 270 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) and 10,430 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between trichome and leaf-trichome tissues. DEM targets were mainly associated with plant hormone signal transduction, plant–pathogen interactions, and the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. Of these, 1233 miRNA–mRNA pairs were identified with reverse expression patterns. Next, we used dual-luciferase reporter (LUC) assays to reveal that several potential targets were significantly inhibited by corresponding miRNAs, including the transcription factors (TF) <i>NAC021</i>, <i>AP2</i>, <i>MYB36</i>, <i>WRKY6</i> and <i>TIFY10B</i>. Further analysis showed that miR6155-WRKY6 might perform vital roles in trichome development, and that overexpression of miR6155 resulted in decreased trichome density.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Taken together, these findings demonstrate that miRNAs may be involved in trichome development in tobacco, and they may advance our understanding of the regulation of trichome development mediated by miRNA and can help to improve genetic engineering of trichome regulation in plants.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-024-00718-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142859847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive insights into pesticide residue dynamics: unraveling impact and management","authors":"B. Kariyanna,&nbsp;Sengottayan Senthil-Nathan,&nbsp;Prabhakaran Vasantha-Srinivasan,&nbsp;B. V. Subba Reddy,&nbsp;A. Krishnaiah,&nbsp;N. H. Meenakshi,&nbsp;Yeon Soo Han,&nbsp;Sengodan Karthi,&nbsp;A. K. Chakravarthy,&nbsp;Ki Beom Park","doi":"10.1186/s40538-024-00708-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-024-00708-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The imperative use of pesticides for enhancing agricultural productivity has become inevitable. Unfortunately, the unregulated and indiscriminate application of these pesticides extends beyond the intended target areas, with residues persisting for months to even years. This lack of precision and information has triggered widespread pest outbreaks, posing significant health risks to both humans and other organisms due to pesticide residues in food. The presence of even trace amounts of these residues has emerged as a major impediment to international trade in food commodities. To address these challenges and align with sustainable practices, the article highlights the urgent need for controlled pesticide techniques, including organic farming, safe harvest indices, and bioremediation, which are crucial aspects of mitigating admixed micropollutants in the environment. The discussion covers the impact of pesticides on food quality, effective residue management, and the vital role of regulatory bodies. Drawing from diverse sources, the work seeks to provide a concise yet comprehensive overview and solutions to the challenges of pesticide management.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-024-00708-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142844942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unlocking higher methane yields and digestate nitrogen availability in soil through thermal treatment of feedstocks in a two-step anaerobic digestion","authors":"Jared Onyango Nyang’au,&nbsp;Jihane El Mahdi,&nbsp;Henrik Bjarne Møller,&nbsp;Peter Sørensen","doi":"10.1186/s40538-024-00694-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-024-00694-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>There is an increasing interest in using lignocellulosic feedstocks for biogas production. Treatment of these feedstocks prior to anaerobic digestion (AD) can enhance their accessibility to microorganisms involved in the process. To improve the digestion of recalcitrant feedstocks and boost biogas yields, many biogas plants now employ two-step AD systems, extending substrate residence times. However, the combined effect of feedstock treatment and two-step AD on methane yield and fertiliser value of digestates are underexplored. This study, therefore, evaluated the effectiveness of thermal treatment (TT) of pre-digested agricultural feedstocks before a secondary AD step on the carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) dynamics of digestates following application to soil. It also investigated the effects of TT on methane yields. Pre-digested feedstock (PDF) was treated at three different temperatures (70 °C, 120 °C and 180 °C) for 60 min, followed by parallel secondary AD steps using lab-scale continuous stirred-tank reactors (CSTR) and a batch test. Thermally treated feedstocks with and without a secondary AD step were applied to soil to study C and N dynamics and turnover for 2 months.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>TT at 180 °C increased ultimate CH₄ yields by 7.2%; however, it decreased the net mineral N release in soil from 42 to 34% (of N input). Adding a secondary AD step increased the net mineral N release in soil from an average of 39% to 47% (of N input), with the effect of TT levelling off. Moreover, the secondary AD step significantly reduced C mineralisation rates from an average of 37% to 26% (of C applied).</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Overall, TT at 120–180 °C can improve biogas yields of recalcitrant feedstocks, but it may lead to the formation of refractory nitrogen compounds resistant to further degradation during AD, potentially resulting in a lower N fertiliser value of digestates.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-024-00694-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142844939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The combined effects of climate, soil, and rhizospheric microorganisms determine the quality and suitable production zones of Stellaria dichotoma L. var. lanceolata Bge. in China","authors":"Zhenkai Li,&nbsp;Yang Yang,&nbsp;Lu Feng,&nbsp;Haishan Li,&nbsp;Zhiheng Dai,&nbsp;Tianle Cheng,&nbsp;Shuying Liu,&nbsp;Ling Ma,&nbsp;Xin Luo,&nbsp;Yukun Wang,&nbsp;Li Peng,&nbsp;Hong Wu","doi":"10.1186/s40538-024-00697-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-024-00697-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><i>Stellaria dichotoma</i> L. var. <i>lanceolata</i> Bge. (<i>S. lanceolata</i>) is a psammophytic plant endemic to the northwest region of China and has now developed into a cultivated economic crop. It is the original plant species used in traditional Chinese medicine as Yinchaihu. Recently, the lack of scientifically guided production zoning has exacerbated the arbitrary introduction and expansion of <i>S. lanceolata</i> cultivation, resulting in significant changes to its habitat and quality.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>This study utilizes distribution data of wild <i>S. lanceolata</i> along with data from 33 environmental factors to analyze the primary habitat factors influencing the species' distribution using the Maxent model, simulating both current and future suitable production zones. Additionally, amplicon sequencing was employed to investigate changes in rhizospheric soil microorganisms across different cultivation sites and years. Furthermore, metabolomics, near-infrared spectroscopy, and the quantification of active ingredient content were used to assess the effects of various suitable zones on <i>S. lanceolata.</i></p><h3>Results</h3><p>The migration trends of <i>S. lanceolata</i> toward the central and eastern regions of Inner Mongolia revealed that elev, bio_4, bio_13, bio_11, and S_clay are the primary ecological and soil factors influencing suitability zoning, contributing a cumulative rate of 80.5%. The rhizosphere microbial environment shifted significantly from high to medium suitability habitats. As cultivation duration increased, the diversity of fungi and bacteria and the functional genera within the rhizosphere exhibited significant changes. Notably, there were substantial alterations in metabolic processes and substance accumulation during the transition from high to medium and low suitability zones, resulting in the identification of 281 and 370 differential metabolites, respectively. Additionally, the near-infrared spectral characteristics and active ingredient content of <i>S. lanceolata</i> in high suitability zones displayed distinct specificity. In particular, the contents of total flavonoids (2.772 mg·g⁻¹), dichotomines B (0.057 mg·g⁻¹), and quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucoside (0.312 mg·g⁻¹) were notably higher, with the overall quality score surpassing that of other suitable zones. </p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study revealed the key climatic, soil, and rhizosphere microbial environmental factors influencing the quality formation of <i>S. lanceolata</i> and the selection of suitable production zones, offering guidance for sustainable development and production zone planning.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-024-00697-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142844940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative genome analysis of two peanut Ralstonia solanacearum strains with significant difference in pathogenicity reveals 16S rRNA dimethyltransferase RsmA involved in inducing immunity","authors":"Xiaodan Tan,&nbsp;Huiquan Tang,&nbsp;Dong Yang,&nbsp;Jinling Huang,&nbsp;Yushuang Wu,&nbsp;Junyi Yu,&nbsp;Jiajun Chen,&nbsp;Qiang Wang,&nbsp;Ruixue Yang,&nbsp;Xiaorong Wan,&nbsp;Yong Yang","doi":"10.1186/s40538-024-00714-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-024-00714-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Bacterial wilt disease, caused by <i>Ralstonia solanacearum</i>, seriously threaten the quality and yield of peanut (<i>Arachis hypogaea</i> L.). Identification of proteins inducing host immune response in <i>R. solanacearum</i> is an important way towards exploring resistance genes in peanut. In previous study, we found that the pathogenicity was significant different between peanut <i>R. solanacearum</i> ZKRS126 and ZKRS146. In this study, comparative genomics analysis was performed to reveal the difference of the genomes between ZKRS126 and ZKRS146, as well as the function of the strain specific gene <i>rsmA</i> in triggering immunity.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Compared with ZKRS146, ZKRS126 caused less cell death in the peanut leaves and its proliferation and pathogenicity were significantly attenuated. Whole genome sequencing revealed that the genomes of ZKRS126 and ZKRS146 were composed of one chromosome, one megaplasmid and one small plasmid. The genome size of ZKRS126 (6,059,912 bp) was slightly larger than that of ZKRS146 (6,053,081 bp). Comparative genomics analysis showed that the genetic relationship between ZKRS126 and ZKRS146 was very close. In both ZKRS126 and ZKRS146, 73 Type III secretion system-secreted effectors (T3Es) were identified by retrieving the effector repertoire, respectively. The gene sequences of T3Es were identical between ZKRS126 and ZKRS146. Comparing all the coding genes between ZKRS126 and ZKRS146, 42 specific genes were identified in ZKRS126 and 43 in ZKRS146. Loss of the specific gene <i>rsmA</i> in ZKRS126 resulted in more virulence, and complementarity of <i>rsmA</i> in mutant strains recovered hypovirulence. The cAMP assay demonstrated RsmA was not a T3E. In <i>Nicotiania benthamiana</i> leaves, transient expression of <i>rsmA</i> significantly induced the up-regulated expression of marker genes in HR, PTI, SA, and JA pathways, indicating RsmA might trigger the plant immunity by activating the immune-related pathways.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This study not only obtained the complete genomes of two peanut <i>R. solanacearum</i> strains, but also revealed their differences in the genome levels through comparing analysis. The function verification of RsmA provided the way for the identification of immunity elicitors, which will accelerate the breeding of bacterial wilt-resistant peanut varieties in the future.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-024-00714-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142844941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two chemosensory proteins in Aleurocanthus spiniferus are involved in the recognition of host VOCs","authors":"Zhifei Jia,&nbsp;Zhenxiang Li,&nbsp;Dandan Li,&nbsp;Zhiwei Kang,&nbsp;Yongyu Xu,&nbsp;Zhenzhen Chen","doi":"10.1186/s40538-024-00700-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-024-00700-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>CSPs are known for their complex and arguably obscure function(s), particularly in chemical olfaction. It is unclear which CSPs in <i>Aleurocanthus spiniferus</i> are involved in the identification of host VOCs. This study on <i>A. spiniferus</i> utilized gene expression, ligand binding, RNAi and molecular docking to determine the CSPs involved in the binding and transport of six host VOCs.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Four (AspiCSP7, 9, 12 and 16) of the 12 CSPs underwent transcriptional up- or down-regulation after induction by host VOCs. AspiCSP16 can bind to six VOCs, and AspiCSP7 can bind to five except linalool. <i>dsAspiCSP7</i>-treated adults showed significantly lower tendency to 3-carene, hexanol, (<i>E</i>)-2-hexenal, and lost avoidance of (<i>Z</i>)-3-hexenol; the preference for 3-carene, hexanol, and the avoidance of nonanal and (<i>Z</i>)-3-hexenol were reduced when <i>AspiCSP16</i> was knocked down. Although it is difficult to convince the results on EAG after silencing 63% of <i>AspiCSP7</i> and <i>AspiCSP16</i>. <i>dsAspiCSP7</i> and <i>dsAspiCSP16</i> treatments reduced the electrophysiological (EAG) response to attractive (3-carene and hexanol), and repellent chemicals [nonanal and (<i>Z</i>)-3-hexenol], which demonstrated the behavioral results. Molecular docking indicated that critical hydrophobic residues, LYS-95 and ILE-59, might be involved in the binding of AspiCSP7 and AspiCSP16 to six host VOCs, respectively.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>AspiCSP7 and AspiCSP16 are involved in the recognition of host VOCs, including four attractants [(<i>E</i>)-2-hexenal, linalool, 3-carene, hexanol] and two repellents [nonanal and (<i>Z</i>)-3-hexenol]. This study will deepen the understanding of the olfactory mechanisms of host VOCs recognition by <i>A. spiniferus</i> and will support the development of novel compounds and RNA pesticides for controlling pests.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-024-00700-y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142844982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring IAA biosynthesis and plant growth promotion mechanism for tomato root endophytes with incomplete IAA synthesis pathways","authors":"Yanhui Feng,&nbsp;Baoyu Tian,&nbsp;Juan Xiong,&nbsp;Guoqin Lin,&nbsp;Linjie Cheng,&nbsp;Ting Zhang,&nbsp;Bilian Lin,&nbsp;Zhenhua Ke,&nbsp;Xin Li","doi":"10.1186/s40538-024-00712-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-024-00712-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Exploring indoleacetic acid (IAA) biosynthesis pathways of plant growth promoting bacteria and their ability to synthesize IAA is crucial for understanding the promotion mechanism and for developing more efficient microbial fertilizer. In this study, 118 bacterial endophytic strains were isolated from tomato root and 68 isolates were identified as members of <i>Bacillus</i> and <i>Pseudomonas</i> genus. After screening abilities to synthesize IAA in vitro and promote plant growth for these identified <i>Bacillus</i> and <i>Pseudomonas</i> strains, 7 endophytic strains <i>Bacillus sp.</i> Y_21, <i>B. paramycoides</i> Y_29, <i>B. albus</i> Y_96, <i>B. cereus</i> Y_121, <i>P. plecoglossicida</i> Y_157, <i>Bacillus sp.</i> Y_165 and <i>B. aryabhattai</i> Y_170 strains showed a significant promotion role on wheat root or leaf, including 4 endophytic strains with the potential ability to utilize intermediate metabolites, such as tryptamine and indole acetamide, to produce IAA. Genomic sequencing analysis for selected representative plant growth promoting endophytes showed that IAA-producing bacteria <i>B. cereus</i> mr31 and <i>P</i>. <i>putida</i> Y_166 separately harbored a complete indoleacetamide (IAM) and complete tryptamine (TAM) pathway; whereas, <i>Bacillus sp.</i> Y_165 and <i>B. aryabhattai</i> Y_170, two strains producing IAA not using tryptophan but with indole-3-acetamide, had an incomplete IAM pathway. Fermentation experiments of three genome-sequenced strains using wheat or tomato root extracts as substrate, and combining with UHPLC–MS/MS analysis for wheat root extracts, demonstrated that <i>Bacillus sp.</i> Y_165 strain might produce IAA by using the plant-derived indole-3-acetamide. Our study first demonstrated a novel potential mechanism for the plant growth promoting endophytes to biosynthesize IAA using plant-derived intermediates. This additional mechanism has deepened our understanding of how bacterial endophytes promote plant health and resilience, offering valuable insights about how plants regulate IAA homeostasis within their internal tissues in association with bacterial endophytes.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-024-00712-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142844718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Discovery of polymethoxylated flavonoids in Artemisia argyi as main active components in inhibiting rice blast fungus","authors":"Jia Zhou,&nbsp;Yunhan Wang,&nbsp;Qiaohuan Chen,&nbsp;Jinxin Li,&nbsp;Rong Xu,&nbsp;Bei Wang,&nbsp;Dahui Liu,&nbsp;Yuhuan Miao","doi":"10.1186/s40538-024-00713-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-024-00713-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-024-00713-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142826446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Greenhouse gas and volatile organic compound emissions of additive-treated whole-plant maize silage: part B—aerobic storage period and carbon footprint of silage additive use","authors":"Hauke Ferdinand Deeken,&nbsp;Gerd-Christian Maack,&nbsp;Manfred Trimborn,&nbsp;Wolfgang Büscher","doi":"10.1186/s40538-024-00686-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-024-00686-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Silage emits climate- and environment-relevant gases during anaerobic fermentation and aerobic feed-out periods. This trial should determine the unknown CO₂, methane, nitrous oxide, ethanol and ethyl acetate emissions of constant maize silage over both periods. The results will be published in two consecutive articles (Part A: anaerobic fermentation period; Part B: aerobic storage period).</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Three silage treatments were observed (<i>n</i> = 4): The untreated control (CON) was compared to the chemical additive treatment (CHE; 0.5 g sodium benzoate and 0.3 g potassium sorbate per kg fresh matter) and the biological additive treatment (BIO; 1 × 10⁸ colony-forming units <i>Lentilactobacillus buchneri</i> and 1 × 10⁷ colony-forming units <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> per kg fresh matter). During the two aerobic emission measurement periods (AEMP), the silos were ventilated mechanically to supply 2–6 (L air) min^–1 to the two faces of the material (150.6 kg dry matter m^–3). AEMP1 (duration 14 days) began on ensiling day 30, AEMP2 (19 days) on day 135.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>In AEMP1, aerobic stability differed among the treatments (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05): 5.17 ± 0.75 days for CON, 6.33 ± 0.15 days for BIO, and 7.33 ± 0.57 days for CHE. In AEMP2, only CON showed a temperature increase of 2 K above ambient temperature after 7.75 ± 0.31 days. BIO and CHE indicated higher ethanol and ethyl acetate emission rates during the first period of the heating process. Furthermore, 20.0%–70.4% of ethanol and 169.0%–953.6% of ethyl acetate quantities present in the material at the silo opening emitted as gases.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Methane and nitrous oxide emissions during anaerobic fermentation exceeded the quantities during aerobic storage in all treatments. However, compared with those of crop production, the total climate-relevant CO₂eq emissions are small. Microbial respiration during heating leads to climate-neutral CO₂ emissions and dry matter losses. Minimising these losses is promising for mitigating climate-relevant emissions directly during silage storage and indirectly during crop production since less forage input is needed. Thus, silage additives can help improve the silage carbon footprint by improving aerobic stability and silage deterioration.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-024-00686-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142790368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intensive monocropping of bananas decreases the soil acid buffering capacity via ammonia-oxidizing bacteria","authors":"Pingshan Fan,&nbsp;Bingbing Xing,&nbsp;Xuehong Wu,&nbsp;Yanlin Chen,&nbsp;Shanshuai Chen,&nbsp;Yunze Ruan","doi":"10.1186/s40538-024-00704-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-024-00704-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms (AOM) are vital for soil nitrogen cycling, nutrient availability, and soil health during sustainable agriculture. Long-term continuous cultivation of bananas and improper chemical fertilization affect the adaptability of AOM; however, the underlying basis for this phenomenon is unclear. This study utilized 16S rRNA gene and metagenomic sequencing techniques to examine soil from banana plantations that were continuously cultivated for 2, 3, 7, 10, 12, and 13 years (Y2, Y3, Y7, Y10, Y12, and Y13, respectively). The results indicated a significant decrease in soil acidity buffering capacity (pHBC) with increasing years of continuous cropping. Furthermore, compared with forest soil (Y0), Y7, Y10, Y12, and Y13 soils exhibited a significantly increased potential nitrification rate (PNR) as well as an abundance of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and bacteria (AOB), with no significant difference in complete ammonia oxidizers (comammox). Principal component analysis (PCA) further demonstrated marked differences in chemical properties and ammonia-oxidizing microbial community structures between the soils under long-term (Y7, Y10, Y12, Y13) and short-term (Y2, Y3) banana cultivation. In addition, metagenome analysis results indicated that the relative abundance of <i>Nitrososphaera-</i>AOA and <i>Ca.</i> Nitrosocosmicus-AOA as well as <i>Nitrosospira</i>-AOB, Nitrosovibrio-AOB, <i>Nitrosomonas</i>-AOB, and comammox <i>Nitrospira jacu</i>s was significantly higher in Y7 and Y13 soils than in Y0 controls. Redundancy analysis (RDA) identified pHBC, CEC, and NH₄⁺ as the primary chemical factor responsible for the differences in AOM microbial communities, whereas random forest analysis revealed that <i>Nitrosospira-AOB</i> significantly contributed to PNR. In summary, long-term continuous banana cultivation primarily stimulates AOB promote soil ammonia oxidation, leading to soil acidification.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-024-00704-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142778252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}