Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture最新文献

{"title":"Microbiologically modified bioorganic fertilizer and metal-tolerant Bacillus sp. MN54 regulate the nutrient homeostasis and boost phytoextraction efficiency of mustard (Brassica juncea L.) in nickel-contaminated soil","authors":"Muhammad Naveed,&nbsp;Iqra Abid,&nbsp;Farhat Mustafa,&nbsp;Hamaad Raza Ahmad,&nbsp;Saud Alamri,&nbsp;Manzer H. Siddiqui,&nbsp;Alanoud T. Alfagham,&nbsp;Adnan Mustafa","doi":"10.1186/s40538-024-00689-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-024-00689-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nickel (Ni) pollution in soil is a major environmental challenge to global food security necessitating its effective remediation. In this regard using plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and bioorganic fertilizers (BOF) to increase the effectiveness of Ni phytoextraction together with hyper-accumulator plants is an effective strategy. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess how BOF, alone or in combination with <i>Bacillus</i> sp. MN54 (herein after referred to as BS), promotes the growth and detoxifies Ni in <i>Brassica juncea</i> L. under both non-contaminated and Ni-contaminated soil conditions. The experimental design included both non-spiked and Ni-spiked soils (with two Ni concentrations: 50 and 100 mg kg⁻¹), with the addition of BS and BOF at two different application rates (1% and 2%). Results showed that Ni negatively affected the growth attributes and yield of <i>Brassica juncea</i> but the integrated incorporation of BOF and BS significantly improved plant growth and physiological attributes. However, Ni stress increased antioxidant enzyme activities and triggered the production of reactive oxygen species in the plants. Likewise, the highest increases in Ni bioconcentration factor (19.9%, 72.83%, and 74.2%), Ni bioaccumulation concentration (30.6%, 327.4%, and 366.8%), and Ni translocation factor (22.2%, 82%, and 69%) were observed in soils supplemented with 2% BOF and BS under non-contaminated, 50 mg kg⁻¹, and 100 mg kg⁻¹ Ni-stressed conditions, respectively. The enhanced plant growth with BS and BOF under Ni stress suggested that both could efficiently promote Ni phytoextraction and simultaneously improve soil health in Ni-contaminated soil. This highlighted their potential as sustainable soil amendments for remediating Ni-contaminated soils, promoting resilient plant growth and supporting long-term ecosystem recovery.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-024-00689-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142636724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reduction of oxidative damage caused by Fusarium falciforme and Fusarium foetens in schefflera plants using chitosan nanoparticles loaded with l-proline or indole butyric acid","authors":"Doaa A. Imara,&nbsp;Eman W. R. Ghebrial,&nbsp;Sozan E. EL-Abeid,&nbsp;Eman M. A. Hussein,&nbsp;Mona I. E. Elsayed,&nbsp;Rania S. Yousef","doi":"10.1186/s40538-024-00680-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-024-00680-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Root rot, wilt diseases, and rooting processes have been the major factors that constrain schefflera production. This study focuses on the impact of innovative applications of eco-friendly materials like chitosan nanoparticles loaded with <span>l</span>-proline or indole butyric acid to replace traditional chemical fungicides in controlling root rot and wilt diseases, as well as the vegetative propagation success of leafy stem schefflera cuttings.</p><h3>Results</h3><p><i>Fusarium foeten</i> (strain 1) and <i>Fusarium falciforme</i> (strains 2 and 4) were first identified as root rot and wilt pathogens of schefflera in Egypt based on morphological features and confirmed with molecular analyses.<i> Fusarium foetens</i> (strain 1) and <i>F. falciforme</i> (strain 2) have the most aggressive action, as the infection percentages significantly increased in the pathogenicity test. The disease incidence reached 38.88 and 44.44%, respectively, whereas the disease severity was 18.51 and 26.84%, respectively. Chitosan nanoparticles at a concentration of 25 mg/L were the most effective dose, leading to a significant reduction in disease incidence to 25.00%, disease severity to 4.17%, and playing a vital role in activating plant defense, which correlates well with improved growth characteristics. The novel strategy of L-proline loaded on chitosan nanoparticles (LP-CSNPs) application occupied the first rank at protective influence against root rot and wilt disease-induced oxidative stress, signaling a defensive function that was freelance verified. L-proline loaded on chitosan nanoparticles (LP-CSNPs) at 0.125–0.25 g/L had a significant impact on reducing the incidence and severity of root rot and wilt diseases, as well as improving photosynthetic pigments and free radical scavenging activities, which included strengthening plant defense and further validating the findings from the biochemical trait analysis. The TT biplot graph was an influential statistical tool to study the impacts of treatments on schefflera production and its attributes and to discover the interrelationships among them.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Applying LP-CSNPs is one of the best techniques to manage schefflera root rot and wilt diseases, since it can be utilized as a growth stimulator and defense activator with sustainable increased efficiency.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-024-00680-z","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142636886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antifungal effects of seven plant essential oils against Penicillium digitatum","authors":"Lovemore Zulu,&nbsp;Hongshan Gao,&nbsp;Yijing Zhu,&nbsp;Huiming Wu,&nbsp;Yongjian Xie,&nbsp;Xunyue Liu,&nbsp;Haifeng Yao,&nbsp;Qiong Rao","doi":"10.1186/s40538-023-00434-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-023-00434-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Research interest in plant essential oils has increased significantly due to their natural properties and consumer demand for safer methods of food preservation. Plants produce large amounts of secondary metabolites, which have potential activity against fungal pathogens. This study aimed at screening essential oils for their antifungal effects on citrus against <i>Penicillium digitatum</i>, morphological effect and finally determine which essential oils are the most effective.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The EC₅₀ of seven selected cinnamon (0.424 μL/mL), patchouli (0.513 μL/mL), vetiver (0.612 μL/mL), dill (1.597 μL/mL), origanum (1.971 μL/mL) and ylang (2.214 μL/mL) was determined. In addition, cinnamon substantially reduced sporulation (100%) followed by patchouli (86.02%), vetiver (82.73%), and chamomile (79.04%), respectively. Our GC–MS result determined variance in concentration of essential oils compound composition. The total compound composition in all seven essential oils &gt; 1% was found to be 3 in cinnamon, 5 in dill, 10 in origanum, 13 in ylang, 11 in patchouli, 9 in chamomile and 16 in vetiver. Addition of essential oils significantly altered fungal morphology by scanning electron cryomicroscopy. Patchouli and origanum showed broken hyphae while there was an indication of severe deformation and collapse of spores in cinnamon and chamomile.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Based on our findings, we report that these essential oils could potentially be applicable in controlling <i>P. digitatum</i> with reduced concern for human health, environmental contamination and possibly replacement of synthetic treatments.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000 <div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-023-00434-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4849006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interaction of surfactants with Prunus laurocerasus leaf surfaces: time-dependent recovery of wetting contact angles depends on physico-chemical properties of surfactants","authors":"Johanna Baales,&nbsp;Viktoria V. Zeisler-Diehl,&nbsp;Suraya Narine,&nbsp;Lukas Schreiber","doi":"10.1186/s40538-023-00455-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-023-00455-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Surfactants are added to spray solutions because they significantly improve foliar uptake of active ingredients (AIs) into the leaves. It was intended to investigate whether surfactant solutions forming a dried deposit on Prunus leaf surfaces after they were sprayed, lead to structural and functional changes of the cuticle/atmosphere interface. This could potentially result in irreversibly enhanced leaf surface wetting, which should be of major disadvantage. Enhanced wetting could promote leaching of ions and promote leaf surface colonization with microorganisms.</p><h3>Results</h3><p><i>Prunus laurocerasus</i> leaf surfaces were sprayed with aqueous solutions of non-ionic alcohol ethoxylates, a cationic, an anionic and one large polar surfactant. Directly after spraying and drying of the different surfactant solutions, wetting contact angles of deionized water (without surfactant) were significantly lower (between 6 and 54°) compared to wetting contact angles on untreated leaves (77°). Leaf surface wettability with deionized water was more pronounced with non-ionic alcohol ethoxylates (wetting contact angles ranging between 6 and 22°) compared to the other 3 surfactants (wetting contact angles ranging between 42 and 54°). Wetting contact angles of deionized water on leaf surfaces treated with non-ionic alcohol ethoxylates continuously increased again over time resulting in final wetting contact angles not different from untreated leaf surfaces. The time-dependent recovery of wetting contact angles was dependent on the degree of ethoxylation of the non-ionic alcohol ethoxylates. The wetting contact angle recovery rate was lower the higher the degree of ethoxylation of the alcohol ethoxylates was. With the cationic, anionic and large polar surfactant a recovery of wetting contact angles was not observed. In addition, on fully dehydrated and dead leaves wetting contact angle recovery was not observed for any of the tested surfactants after spraying and drying. Analytical determinations of the amounts of alcohol ethoxylates on the leaf surfaces after spraying and drying showed that amounts of alcohol ethoxylates decreased over time on the surface (24–72 h).</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our results indicate that non-ionic alcohol ethoxylates diffused within hours from the leaf surface into the leaf over time and thus fully disappeared from the leaf surface. This was not the case with the cationic, anionic and the large polar surfactants remaining on the leaf surface.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000 <div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-023-00455-y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4712043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the QuEChERS extraction approach for the analysis of active compounds of pharmaceuticals in olive tree portions","authors":"Gennaro Brunetti,&nbsp;Andreina Traversa,&nbsp;Francesco De Mastro,&nbsp;Bartolomeo Dichio,&nbsp;Francesca Mottola,&nbsp;Alba N. Mininni,&nbsp;Pietro Nigro,&nbsp;Claudio Cocozza","doi":"10.1186/s40538-023-00454-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-023-00454-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>A modified version of the QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe) method has been tested for quantifying six active compounds of pharmaceuticals (PhACs), i.e., two different antibiotics, two anti-inflammatories, one antifungal, and one anti-depressant, extracted from roots, leaves and stems, pulp, pits, and oil obtained from olive trees. The different matrices have been polluted with all contaminants at 25, 50, and 250 µg L⁻¹ and the recoveries were determined by liquid chromatography tandem–mass spectrometry. The validation of the method has been carried out by determining linearity, recovery, precision, limits of detection (LODs), and limits of quantification (LOQs) values. A matrix-matched calibration for each matrix has been adopted in order to avoid the matrix effect at the aforementioned levels of fortification.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The recoveries of PhACs from the different matrices were always above 70% and the relative standard deviation (RSD) always ≤ 20%, conditions required for the validation of the method. The LOD and LOQ values were always lower than 25 µg L⁻¹, i.e., always lower than the minimum concentration used in the experiment; therefore, the method can be validated at 25, 50, and 250 µg L⁻¹.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This method can represent a valid alternative to the traditional extraction methods to quantify pharmaceuticals extracted also from fatty matrices.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000 <figure><div><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></div></figure>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-023-00454-z","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4929039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Bacillus coagulans and Lactobacillus plantarum on the fermentation quality, aerobic stability and microbial community of triticale silage","authors":"Shengnan Li,&nbsp;Wencan Ke,&nbsp;Qing Zhang,&nbsp;Dan Undersander,&nbsp;Guijie Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s40538-023-00446-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-023-00446-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Due to its hollow stem, ensiling triticale presents a challenge as it may cause an overabundance of oxygen during the fermentation process. This study investigated the effects of <i>Bacillus coagulans</i> (BC) and <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> (LP) on the fermentation characteristics, microbial community, and aerobic stability of ensiled triticale. Fresh triticale was wilted at a dry matter content of 350 g/kg. The experiment was arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial design, with both BC and commercial LP added at 0 or 1 × 10⁶ cfu/g of fresh weight (FW) of chopped triticale.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>After 60 days of ensiling, the pH, water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and ammonia nitrogen (NH₃-N) of inoculated groups were lower than those of the control group (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05), especially in the LP + BC treatment (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). The lactic acid (LA) concentration, lactic acid/acetic acid (LA/AA), and aerobic stability were also higher (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) in the LP + BC treatment than in other treatments. The bacterial diversity was reduced, and the richness was increased by the application of LP and BC individually (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). Compared with the control silage, LP-treated silage had higher <i>Lactobacillus</i> (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05), while BC-treated silage had higher <i>Bacillus</i> and <i>Pediococcus</i> (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). The LP + BC-treated silage had higher <i>Lactobacillus</i>, <i>Bacillus</i>, <i>Enterococcus</i>, and <i>Serratia</i> (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). <i>Bacillus</i> was negatively correlated with NDF (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) and AA (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). <i>Lactobacillus</i> was positively correlated with LA (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) and LA/AA but negatively with pH and NH₃-N (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05).</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The combination of BC and LP may lead to improved ensiled triticale fermentation quality and aerobic stability by inducing alterations in the composition of bacterial communities, which is crucial for the efficient utilization of triticale resources.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000 <figure><div><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></div></figure>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-023-00446-z","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4561947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"16S metabarcoding, total soil DNA content, and functional bacterial genes quantification to characterize soils under long-term organic and conventional farming systems","authors":"Laura Maretto,&nbsp;Saptarathi Deb,&nbsp;Samathmika Ravi,&nbsp;Maria Cristina Della Lucia,&nbsp;Matteo Borella,&nbsp;Giovanni Campagna,&nbsp;Andrea Squartini,&nbsp;Giuseppe Concheri,&nbsp;Serenella Nardi,&nbsp;Piergiorgio Stevanato","doi":"10.1186/s40538-023-00450-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-023-00450-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The threatening impact of conventional agriculture (CA) on soils could be due to the detrimental effects on soil microbial communities. Conversely, organic agriculture (OA) is envisaged as potentially enhancing helpful microbial communities and is proposed as environmentally sustainable. The soil microbiome influences soil health and quality, hence, it requires deeper investigation and understanding. In this study, applying 16S metabarcoding and qPCR techniques, we compared the microbial patterns of long-term organically and conventionally managed soils to explore their similarities and differences.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Total DNA quantification showed an over 20-fold higher amount of DNA in OA soils (mean = 22.1 ± 3.92 μg g⁻¹), compared to CA soils (mean = 0.95 ± 0.17 μg g⁻¹). While 16S metabarcoding evidenced the absence of significant differences among communities of the two farming systems in terms of ecological indices, the qPCR analyses targeting functional genes reported a significantly higher abundance of all considered targets in OA sites spanning up to four-fold log increases. While OA and CA did not appear to affect overall bacterial diversity or evenness per se, qPCR-based functional analysis in OA showed a consistently higher abundance of all the salient microbial genes tested, when compared to CA, underlying a potentially beneficial impact on soil fertility and sustainability.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>In essence, the sequencing-based analysis of absolute bacterial diversity could not differentiate the farming systems based on the amount of diversity but identified a unique set of taxa defining each. Hence, pairing this evaluation with the qPCR-based functional gene analyses can be a suitable approach to distinguish the exerted effects of CA or OA on soils.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000 <figure><div><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></div></figure>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-023-00450-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4448409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nano-zinc and plant growth-promoting bacteria is a sustainable alternative for improving productivity and agronomic biofortification of common bean","authors":"Arshad Jalal,&nbsp;Emariane Satin Mortinho,&nbsp;Carlos Eduardo da Silva Oliveira,&nbsp;Guilherme Carlos Fernandes,&nbsp;Enes Furlani Junior,&nbsp;Bruno Horschut de Lima,&nbsp;Adônis Moreira,&nbsp;Thiago Assis Rodrigues Nogueira,&nbsp;Fernando Shintate Galindo,&nbsp;Marcelo Carvalho Minhoto Teixeira Filho","doi":"10.1186/s40538-023-00440-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-023-00440-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><p>Nano-zinc (Zn) fertilizer is an easily adaptable and environmentally safe alternative option that can effectively improve growth, yield and biofortification of common bean. Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPBs) could promote plant growth and nutrients availability in sustainable manner. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the influence of foliar nano-Zn application in association with seed co-inoculations of PGPBs on growth, yield, biofortification and Zn use efficiencies in common bean cultivation. Two field experiments were performed with seven co-inoculations of PGPBs and three foliar nano-Zn doses applied 50% at R5 and 50% at R8 stages of common bean to determine plant height, shoot dry matter, grain yield, Zn concentration and uptake in shoot and grains, Zn partitioning index, daily Zn intake and Zn use efficiencies for agronomic biofortification.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The combined foliar nano-Zn application and co-inoculation of <i>R. tropici</i> + <i>B. subtilis</i> enhance grain yield, leaf chlorophyll index, total protein content, grain Zn concentration and uptake, daily Zn intake, Zn use efficiency, applied Zn recovery and Zn utilization efficiency in common beans in 2019 and 2020 cropping seasons. Foliar nano-Zn application at a dose of 1.5 kg ha⁻¹ increased plant height, shoot dry matter, shoot Zn uptake, Zn partitioning and agro-physiological efficiency under co-inoculation with <i>R. tropici</i> + <i>B. subtilis</i> in both cropping years.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The treatments with foliar nano-Zn application at a dose of 1.5 ha⁻¹ and co-inoculation with <i>R. tropici</i> + <i>B. subtilis</i> improved performance, chlorophyll index, protein content, grain yield, and Zn efficiencies that can lead to better biofortification of common bean in tropical savannah. Therefore, it is recommended that applying nano-Zn via foliar along with co-inoculation of PGPBs could be the better option for productivity and biofortification of common bean.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000 <figure><div><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></div></figure>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-023-00440-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4442545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extraction, purification and antioxidant activity of Juglans regia shell polysaccharide","authors":"Shiyang Zhou,&nbsp;Gangliang Huang","doi":"10.1186/s40538-023-00447-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-023-00447-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In recent years, the biological activity of plant polysaccharides has attracted more and more attention. <i>Juglans regia</i> was one of the four-dry fruits in the world, it has very high value in nutrition and health care value was very high. To better develop the nutritional and health effects of the <i>J. regia</i> shell polysaccharide, <i>J. regia</i> shell was used as raw material to prepare polysaccharide by the water extraction and alcohol precipitation method. The molecular weight, monosaccharide components, molecular structure characteristics and antioxidant activities of its derivatives were studied. Then, a series of meaningful data information for the study of the <i>J. regia</i> shell polysaccharide and its derivatives were obtained. The molecular weight of the polysaccharide was 9.45 × 10⁴ Da after the separation and purification by DEAE-52 and Sephadex G-100. The polysaccharides contained rhamnose, arabinose, galactose, glucose, xylose and galacturonic acid, and the molar ratio of each monosaccharide component was 6.7%: 16.5%: 28.3%: 11.2%: 12.5%: 24.8%. The molecular structure of <i>J. regia</i> shell polysaccharide contains β-glucoside bond, its structure may be → 4)-<i>α</i>-D-Gal<i>p</i>-(1 → 4)-<i>β</i>-D-GalAp-(1 → 4)-<i>α</i>-D-Xyl<i>p</i>-(1 → glycosidic bond). The study of antioxidant activity, <i>J. regia</i> shell polysaccharide and its derivatives showed good biological activities, especially the phosphorylated <i>J. regia</i> shell polysaccharide. The study of <i>J. regia</i> shell polysaccharide has important practical significance for improving the quality and efficiency of the <i>J. regia</i> industry chain.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000 <figure><div><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></div></figure>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-023-00447-y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4414066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PTS and PTSO, two organosulfur compounds from onion by-products as a novel solution for plant disease and pest management","authors":"Ana Falcón-Piñeiro,&nbsp;David García-López,&nbsp;Lidia Gil-Martínez,&nbsp;José M. de la Torre,&nbsp;María Dolores Carmona-Yañez,&nbsp;Antoine Katalayi-Muleli,&nbsp;Enrique Guillamón,&nbsp;Belén Barrero-Domínguez,&nbsp;Silvia López-Feria,&nbsp;Dolores Garrido,&nbsp;Alberto Baños","doi":"10.1186/s40538-023-00452-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-023-00452-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Over the past decade, the great impact of agricultural crop diseases has generated considerable economic losses and has compromised the production of edible crops at a time when the world population is only expected to rise, leading to the search for new pest management strategies. Besides that, the environmental impact resulting from the continued use of chemical pesticides has led to the search for natural and sustainable alternatives. One of the existing solutions that currently stands out for its effectiveness is the use of bioactive plant extracts. This study aims to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of propyl propane thiosulfinate (PTS) and propyl propane thiosulfonate (PTSO), two organosulfur compounds (OSCs) derived from <i>Allium cepa</i>, against a wide range of target bacteria and fungi. To this end, various in vitro procedures were conducted as well as soil sanitization tests using sterile substrate inoculated with soil-borne pathogens. In addition, this study also evaluates the pesticidal activity of both compounds through in vitro mortality and repellence tests.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>PTS and PTSO revealed inhibition activity on all the pathogens tested, belonging to different taxonomic groups. Moreover, both significatively reduced the population of bacteria and fungi in soil. The quantification of active substances in soil carried out in parallel to the microbial quantification showed that their use reduces the risk of residue accumulation since they break down quickly when applied. The set of antimicrobial tests performed demonstrated that the antifungal effect of both compounds is higher than the bactericidal effect. Lastly, PTS and PTSO showed a concentration-dependent significant biocidal and repellent effect against aphids.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The results presented in this work demonstrate that both PTS and PTSO have a significant antimicrobial and pesticidal activity against the great majority of phytopathogens tested, being a promising tool to improve pest management in crops.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000 <figure><div><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></div></figure>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-023-00452-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4412805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}