Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture最新文献

{"title":"Effects of Bacillus coagulans and Lactobacillus plantarum on the fermentation quality, aerobic stability and microbial community of triticale silage","authors":"Shengnan Li,&nbsp;Wencan Ke,&nbsp;Qing Zhang,&nbsp;Dan Undersander,&nbsp;Guijie Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s40538-023-00446-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-023-00446-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Due to its hollow stem, ensiling triticale presents a challenge as it may cause an overabundance of oxygen during the fermentation process. This study investigated the effects of <i>Bacillus coagulans</i> (BC) and <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> (LP) on the fermentation characteristics, microbial community, and aerobic stability of ensiled triticale. Fresh triticale was wilted at a dry matter content of 350 g/kg. The experiment was arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial design, with both BC and commercial LP added at 0 or 1 × 10⁶ cfu/g of fresh weight (FW) of chopped triticale.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>After 60 days of ensiling, the pH, water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and ammonia nitrogen (NH₃-N) of inoculated groups were lower than those of the control group (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05), especially in the LP + BC treatment (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). The lactic acid (LA) concentration, lactic acid/acetic acid (LA/AA), and aerobic stability were also higher (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) in the LP + BC treatment than in other treatments. The bacterial diversity was reduced, and the richness was increased by the application of LP and BC individually (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). Compared with the control silage, LP-treated silage had higher <i>Lactobacillus</i> (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05), while BC-treated silage had higher <i>Bacillus</i> and <i>Pediococcus</i> (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). The LP + BC-treated silage had higher <i>Lactobacillus</i>, <i>Bacillus</i>, <i>Enterococcus</i>, and <i>Serratia</i> (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). <i>Bacillus</i> was negatively correlated with NDF (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) and AA (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). <i>Lactobacillus</i> was positively correlated with LA (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) and LA/AA but negatively with pH and NH₃-N (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05).</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The combination of BC and LP may lead to improved ensiled triticale fermentation quality and aerobic stability by inducing alterations in the composition of bacterial communities, which is crucial for the efficient utilization of triticale resources.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000 <figure><div><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></div></figure>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-023-00446-z","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4561947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"16S metabarcoding, total soil DNA content, and functional bacterial genes quantification to characterize soils under long-term organic and conventional farming systems","authors":"Laura Maretto,&nbsp;Saptarathi Deb,&nbsp;Samathmika Ravi,&nbsp;Maria Cristina Della Lucia,&nbsp;Matteo Borella,&nbsp;Giovanni Campagna,&nbsp;Andrea Squartini,&nbsp;Giuseppe Concheri,&nbsp;Serenella Nardi,&nbsp;Piergiorgio Stevanato","doi":"10.1186/s40538-023-00450-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-023-00450-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The threatening impact of conventional agriculture (CA) on soils could be due to the detrimental effects on soil microbial communities. Conversely, organic agriculture (OA) is envisaged as potentially enhancing helpful microbial communities and is proposed as environmentally sustainable. The soil microbiome influences soil health and quality, hence, it requires deeper investigation and understanding. In this study, applying 16S metabarcoding and qPCR techniques, we compared the microbial patterns of long-term organically and conventionally managed soils to explore their similarities and differences.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Total DNA quantification showed an over 20-fold higher amount of DNA in OA soils (mean = 22.1 ± 3.92 μg g⁻¹), compared to CA soils (mean = 0.95 ± 0.17 μg g⁻¹). While 16S metabarcoding evidenced the absence of significant differences among communities of the two farming systems in terms of ecological indices, the qPCR analyses targeting functional genes reported a significantly higher abundance of all considered targets in OA sites spanning up to four-fold log increases. While OA and CA did not appear to affect overall bacterial diversity or evenness per se, qPCR-based functional analysis in OA showed a consistently higher abundance of all the salient microbial genes tested, when compared to CA, underlying a potentially beneficial impact on soil fertility and sustainability.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>In essence, the sequencing-based analysis of absolute bacterial diversity could not differentiate the farming systems based on the amount of diversity but identified a unique set of taxa defining each. Hence, pairing this evaluation with the qPCR-based functional gene analyses can be a suitable approach to distinguish the exerted effects of CA or OA on soils.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000 <figure><div><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></div></figure>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-023-00450-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4448409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nano-zinc and plant growth-promoting bacteria is a sustainable alternative for improving productivity and agronomic biofortification of common bean","authors":"Arshad Jalal,&nbsp;Emariane Satin Mortinho,&nbsp;Carlos Eduardo da Silva Oliveira,&nbsp;Guilherme Carlos Fernandes,&nbsp;Enes Furlani Junior,&nbsp;Bruno Horschut de Lima,&nbsp;Adônis Moreira,&nbsp;Thiago Assis Rodrigues Nogueira,&nbsp;Fernando Shintate Galindo,&nbsp;Marcelo Carvalho Minhoto Teixeira Filho","doi":"10.1186/s40538-023-00440-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-023-00440-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><p>Nano-zinc (Zn) fertilizer is an easily adaptable and environmentally safe alternative option that can effectively improve growth, yield and biofortification of common bean. Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPBs) could promote plant growth and nutrients availability in sustainable manner. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the influence of foliar nano-Zn application in association with seed co-inoculations of PGPBs on growth, yield, biofortification and Zn use efficiencies in common bean cultivation. Two field experiments were performed with seven co-inoculations of PGPBs and three foliar nano-Zn doses applied 50% at R5 and 50% at R8 stages of common bean to determine plant height, shoot dry matter, grain yield, Zn concentration and uptake in shoot and grains, Zn partitioning index, daily Zn intake and Zn use efficiencies for agronomic biofortification.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The combined foliar nano-Zn application and co-inoculation of <i>R. tropici</i> + <i>B. subtilis</i> enhance grain yield, leaf chlorophyll index, total protein content, grain Zn concentration and uptake, daily Zn intake, Zn use efficiency, applied Zn recovery and Zn utilization efficiency in common beans in 2019 and 2020 cropping seasons. Foliar nano-Zn application at a dose of 1.5 kg ha⁻¹ increased plant height, shoot dry matter, shoot Zn uptake, Zn partitioning and agro-physiological efficiency under co-inoculation with <i>R. tropici</i> + <i>B. subtilis</i> in both cropping years.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The treatments with foliar nano-Zn application at a dose of 1.5 ha⁻¹ and co-inoculation with <i>R. tropici</i> + <i>B. subtilis</i> improved performance, chlorophyll index, protein content, grain yield, and Zn efficiencies that can lead to better biofortification of common bean in tropical savannah. Therefore, it is recommended that applying nano-Zn via foliar along with co-inoculation of PGPBs could be the better option for productivity and biofortification of common bean.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000 <figure><div><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></div></figure>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-023-00440-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4442545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extraction, purification and antioxidant activity of Juglans regia shell polysaccharide","authors":"Shiyang Zhou,&nbsp;Gangliang Huang","doi":"10.1186/s40538-023-00447-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-023-00447-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In recent years, the biological activity of plant polysaccharides has attracted more and more attention. <i>Juglans regia</i> was one of the four-dry fruits in the world, it has very high value in nutrition and health care value was very high. To better develop the nutritional and health effects of the <i>J. regia</i> shell polysaccharide, <i>J. regia</i> shell was used as raw material to prepare polysaccharide by the water extraction and alcohol precipitation method. The molecular weight, monosaccharide components, molecular structure characteristics and antioxidant activities of its derivatives were studied. Then, a series of meaningful data information for the study of the <i>J. regia</i> shell polysaccharide and its derivatives were obtained. The molecular weight of the polysaccharide was 9.45 × 10⁴ Da after the separation and purification by DEAE-52 and Sephadex G-100. The polysaccharides contained rhamnose, arabinose, galactose, glucose, xylose and galacturonic acid, and the molar ratio of each monosaccharide component was 6.7%: 16.5%: 28.3%: 11.2%: 12.5%: 24.8%. The molecular structure of <i>J. regia</i> shell polysaccharide contains β-glucoside bond, its structure may be → 4)-<i>α</i>-D-Gal<i>p</i>-(1 → 4)-<i>β</i>-D-GalAp-(1 → 4)-<i>α</i>-D-Xyl<i>p</i>-(1 → glycosidic bond). The study of antioxidant activity, <i>J. regia</i> shell polysaccharide and its derivatives showed good biological activities, especially the phosphorylated <i>J. regia</i> shell polysaccharide. The study of <i>J. regia</i> shell polysaccharide has important practical significance for improving the quality and efficiency of the <i>J. regia</i> industry chain.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000 <figure><div><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></div></figure>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-023-00447-y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4414066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PTS and PTSO, two organosulfur compounds from onion by-products as a novel solution for plant disease and pest management","authors":"Ana Falcón-Piñeiro,&nbsp;David García-López,&nbsp;Lidia Gil-Martínez,&nbsp;José M. de la Torre,&nbsp;María Dolores Carmona-Yañez,&nbsp;Antoine Katalayi-Muleli,&nbsp;Enrique Guillamón,&nbsp;Belén Barrero-Domínguez,&nbsp;Silvia López-Feria,&nbsp;Dolores Garrido,&nbsp;Alberto Baños","doi":"10.1186/s40538-023-00452-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-023-00452-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Over the past decade, the great impact of agricultural crop diseases has generated considerable economic losses and has compromised the production of edible crops at a time when the world population is only expected to rise, leading to the search for new pest management strategies. Besides that, the environmental impact resulting from the continued use of chemical pesticides has led to the search for natural and sustainable alternatives. One of the existing solutions that currently stands out for its effectiveness is the use of bioactive plant extracts. This study aims to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of propyl propane thiosulfinate (PTS) and propyl propane thiosulfonate (PTSO), two organosulfur compounds (OSCs) derived from <i>Allium cepa</i>, against a wide range of target bacteria and fungi. To this end, various in vitro procedures were conducted as well as soil sanitization tests using sterile substrate inoculated with soil-borne pathogens. In addition, this study also evaluates the pesticidal activity of both compounds through in vitro mortality and repellence tests.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>PTS and PTSO revealed inhibition activity on all the pathogens tested, belonging to different taxonomic groups. Moreover, both significatively reduced the population of bacteria and fungi in soil. The quantification of active substances in soil carried out in parallel to the microbial quantification showed that their use reduces the risk of residue accumulation since they break down quickly when applied. The set of antimicrobial tests performed demonstrated that the antifungal effect of both compounds is higher than the bactericidal effect. Lastly, PTS and PTSO showed a concentration-dependent significant biocidal and repellent effect against aphids.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The results presented in this work demonstrate that both PTS and PTSO have a significant antimicrobial and pesticidal activity against the great majority of phytopathogens tested, being a promising tool to improve pest management in crops.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000 <figure><div><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></div></figure>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-023-00452-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4412805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biocontrol of Lysobacter enzymogenes CQ18 against the tobacco powdery mildew fugus, Erysiphe cichoracearum","authors":"Hongjun Yang,&nbsp;Liyuan Peng,&nbsp;Zhimo Li,&nbsp;Chunyang Huang,&nbsp;Jianguo Huang","doi":"10.1186/s40538-023-00436-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-023-00436-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Powdery mildew is a common leaf disease of crops worldwide. A large quantity of chemical fungicides is used to control this disease in horticulture and agriculture, producing serious safety and environmental problems. To suppress this disease in safe and environment-friendly ways, the biocontrol of a self-isolated new strain of <i>Lysobacter enzymogenes</i> (CQ18) was studied against flue-cured tobacco powdery mildews.</p><h3>Results</h3><p><i>L. enzymogenes</i> CQ18 produced chitinase, protease, β-1,3-glucanase, phosphatase, and siderophore, which may enable this biocontrol bacterium to degrade pathogen cell membranes and walls and deprive pathogens of iron. HPLC/MS analysis identified 14 antifungal metabolites present in <i>L. enzymogenes</i> CQ18 fermentation liquid (LEFL), which were grouped into organic acids, azoles, and pyrimidines. The variable targets in or on pathogen cells and combinative effects of these multiple metabolites may potently suppress the powdery mildew and be less likely to make <i>Erysiphe cichoracearum</i> develop resistance. LEFL was rich in L-pyroglutamate. Both LEFL and L-pyroglutamate inhibited the germination of <i>E. cichoracearum</i> conidia in vitro and reduced the powdery mildew index in the greenhouse and field. L-Pyroglutamate at a concentration of 0.50% achieved the same control efficacy as the chemical fungicide triadimefon (91–94%).</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p><i>L. enzymogenes</i> CQ18 and the metabolite L-pyroglutamate effectively controlled flue-cured tobacco powdery mildew. <i>L. enzymogenes</i> CQ18 grows rapidly and is resilient to adversity. L-Pyroglutamate has no toxicity to humans and is easy to synthesize at a low cost. Both show potential use in controlling plant powdery mildews.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000 <figure><div><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></div></figure>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-023-00436-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4681203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"UPLC–ESI–QTOF–MS profiling, antioxidant, antidiabetic, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative activities and in silico molecular docking analysis of Barleria strigosa","authors":"Ming Lei,&nbsp;Lei Wang,&nbsp;Oladipupo Odunayo Olatunde,&nbsp;Sudarshan Singh,&nbsp;Chitchamai Ovatlarnporn,&nbsp;Abdul Basit,&nbsp;Opeyemi Joshua Olatunji","doi":"10.1186/s40538-023-00451-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-023-00451-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>This study investigated the in vitro antidiabetic, antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative effects of <i>B. strigosa</i> hydrophilic (BSTR) and lipophilic (LSB) leaves extracts. The phytochemical profile was also performed using UHPLC–ESI–QTOF–MS.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The results indicated that BSTR and LSB showed excellent antioxidant properties in the DPPH scavenging, ABTS scavenging, FRAP and MCA assays. The extracts also demonstrated α-glucosidase (81.56–157.56 µg/mL) and α-amylase (204.44 µg/mL) inhibitory activities. In addition, the extracts showed significant cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects against oral squamous carcinoma (CLS-354/WT) cancer cells. Furthermore, the extracts showed excellent antibacterial activity against <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i>, <i>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</i>, <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>. Both extracts exhibited a significant reduction in nitric oxide secretion against activated macrophage cells. The UHPLC–MS analysis revealed that <i>B. strigosa</i> is rich in terpenoids, iridoid glycosides, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds. The plethora of these compounds may be responsible for the observed activities. In addition, the bioactive compounds identified by UHPLC–ESI–QTOF–MS were analyzed using silico molecular docking studies to determine the binding affinity with α-amylase and α-glucosidase.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>These results suggest that <i>B. strigosa</i> is an excellent pharmacological active plant and it provides the basis for further studies on the exploration of its potentials in oxidative stress induced disorders.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000 <figure><div><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></div></figure>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-023-00451-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4286412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antioxidant cellulose nanofibers/lignin-based aerogels: a potential material for biomedical applications","authors":"Laura M. Sanchez,&nbsp;Abigail K. Hopkins,&nbsp;Eduardo Espinosa,&nbsp;Eneko Larrañeta,&nbsp;Dessislava Malinova,&nbsp;Adam Nathan McShane,&nbsp;Juan Domínguez-Robles,&nbsp;Alejandro Rodríguez","doi":"10.1186/s40538-023-00438-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-023-00438-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Lignin is a naturally occurring and aromatic biopolymer with well-known antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. Thus, in this work, the use of cellulose nanofibers (CNF) and lignin to produce ultra-light aerogels for biomedical applications was studied. Aerogels containing varying amounts of lignin (0–30 wt%) and different concentrations of the crosslinking agent Fe³⁺ (25–100 mM) were developed.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The different bioaerogels were fully characterized and their physical, mechanical and bioactive properties analyzed. It was observed that the bioaerogels soluble fraction tends to decrease as the lignin content increases for the different Fe³⁺ concentrations, due to lignin–CNF interactions through hydrogen bonds. The bioaerogels containing lignin showed remarkable radical scavenging activity as the DPPH concentration decreased with time. This confirms the benefits of including lignin in bioaerogels to impart antioxidant properties. To study the suitability of the produced bioaerogels for controlled drug release, the release of tetracycline (TC) was studied. All of the bioaerogels released TC in a sustained manner for 6 h and presented similar profiles. However, the bioaerogels containing higher concentrations of crosslinker showed a higher release of TC. The TC loading conferred clear antimicrobial activity against <i>S. aureus</i> as expected, unlike the insignificant antimicrobial activity of the bioaerogels without TC. The biocompatibility of the samples was demonstrated for all materials produced (with and without TC loading) by the Kruskal–Wallis test with multiple comparisons. After observation of cell morphology, no significant differences were evident suggesting that the CNF–lignin bioaerogels present optimal biocompatibility for use in the biomedical and pharmaceutical industry.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The CNF–lignin bioaerogels presented in this work highlights their promising application as biomedical applications, such as wound dressings due to their biocompatibility, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties, as well as their swelling and solubility properties.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000 <figure><div><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></div></figure>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-023-00438-z","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4289840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles: an alternative to conventional phosphorus fertilizers in acidic culture media","authors":"Masumeh Noruzi,&nbsp;Parvin Hadian,&nbsp;Leila Soleimanpour,&nbsp;Leila Ma’mani,&nbsp;Karim Shahbazi","doi":"10.1186/s40538-023-00437-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-023-00437-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Traditional phosphorus fertilizers generally have low efficiencies due to their immobilization in soil, and a large part of these fertilizers are not plant-available. Also, phosphorus resources are non-renewable. In recent years, a great deal of attention has been paid to nanofertilizers because of their slow or controlled release and also their very small particle size which increases the solubility and uptake of nanoparticles in plant. Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles are of great importance as phosphorus nanofertilizer thanks to their very low toxicity, biocompatibility, and the fact that products obtained from their degradation, i.e., phosphate and calcium ions, are naturally available in soils.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>In this study, hydroxyapatite nanoparticles were synthesized using the wet chemical precipitation method in three formulations and characterized with various techniques including electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. Chemical and microscopic analyses showed that phosphorus was distributed in different parts of the wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) plant. To investigate the fertilizing effects of the nanoparticles, hydroxyapatite nanoparticles were used in different culture media including alkaline soil, acidic soil, the mixture of peat moss and perlite, and cocopeat. Based on our observations, hydroxyapatite nanoparticles showed fertilizing properties in all media. However, fertilizing potential strongly depended on the culture media. HAP nanoparticles demonstrated a high potential to be used as a fertilizer in acidic media. Nevertheless, only a slight fertilizing effect was observed in alkaline soils. Furthermore, the findings of our study showed fertilizing properties of powder hydroxyapatite nanoparticles without the need to convert them to suspension. Moreover, hydroxyapatite nanoparticles in all the three formulations showed low toxicity in such a way that their toxicity was even less than that of triple super phosphate.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles in both suspension and powder forms can be considered an alternative to conventional phosphorus fertilizers in acidic culture media. Our study revealed that hydroxyapatite nanoparticles were likely dissolved in the culture media and absorbed by plant mainly in the phosphate form.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000 <figure><div><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></div></figure>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-023-00437-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4149833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of organic fertilization by the digestate from by-product on growth, yield and fruit quality of tomato (Solanum lycopersicon) and soil properties under greenhouse and field conditions","authors":"Faqinwei Li,&nbsp;Yongheng Yuan,&nbsp;Naoto Shimizu,&nbsp;Jorge Magaña,&nbsp;Pengxuan Gong,&nbsp;Risu Na","doi":"10.1186/s40538-023-00448-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-023-00448-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The application of organic fertilizer is a sustainable approach to maintain soil fertility in agricultural crop production. In contrast to other organic fertilizers, the digestate from by-products of anaerobic digestion has not been well characterized in terms of its agronomic properties. In this study, different fertilization treatments were investigated to evaluate their impacts on growth, yield and fruit quality of tomatoes and on soil properties under greenhouse and field conditions. The experiments comprised a control (unfertilized) and three treatments with the same nitrogen dose: chemical fertilizer, digestate from by-product (organic fertilizer) and digestate combined with chemical fertilizer.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The results showed that the application of digestate significantly increased the growth and fruit quality of tomato including height, stem diameter, leaf chlorophyll content index, and photosynthetic rate of tomato plant and sugar–acid ratio, protein content, and ascorbic acid content of the fruit. The nitrate contents in tomato fruit were lower in the digestate treatment and digestate combined with chemical fertilizer treatment than in the chemical fertilizer. The digestate combined with chemical fertilization resulted in the greatest increase in tomato yield, up to 26.29% and 10.78% higher than that in the chemical fertilizer treatment under field and greenhouse conditions, respectively. Moreover, fertilization with digestate treatment and digestate combined with chemical fertilizer treatment increased soil fertility, including soil nitrogen and carbon contents, and enhanced soil enzyme activities under both field and greenhouse conditions. In addition, the growth, yield, and fruit quality of tomato were significantly correlated with soil chemical characteristics and soil enzyme activities.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The effects of digestate treatments to maintain a stable tomato yield and improve fruit quality may be due to the enhanced soil enzymatic activities and chemical properties. These results suggest that the use of digestate as a full or partial replacement for chemical fertilizer could improve the growth and fruit quality of tomato, maintain the yield, and reduce the use of inorganic fertilizers in tomato production.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000 <figure><div><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></div></figure>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-023-00448-x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4111933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}