Woong Ji Lee, Anna Kang, Min-Jin Kwak, Sangdon Ryu, Hyeon-Jin Kim, Minho Song, Younghoon Kim
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Abstract
Background
The mammalian gastrointestinal tract hosts a complex microbiome essential for sustaining host health, particularly during pivotal stages such as weaning in piglets. Weaning represents a significant stressor, leading to substantial shifts in the gut microbiota composition and functionality. This study investigated the impact of weaning stress on the gut microbiome and metabolite profiles of piglets, focusing on how methionine supplementation influences gut health and physiological development.
Results
A multiomics approach that integrates metagenomics, metabolomics, culturomics, and transcriptomics was employed to characterize the gut microbiota before and after weaning. During the weaning period, weaning stress was characterized by a reduction in the abundance of beneficial bacteria in the gut, particularly a significant decrease in commensal Lactobacillus species, such as L. mucosae, L. reuteri, and L. amylovorus. Metabolomic analysis further revealed reductions in methionine and other metabolites associated with methionine metabolism and reductions in branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and lipid-related metabolites. Analysis of culture supernatants from Lactobacillus isolates demonstrated that these commensal Lactobacillus produced methionine, methionine-related metabolites, and BCAAs, highlighting a close relationship between methionine and commensal Lactobacillus abundance under weaning stress. Moreover, methionine supplementation in intestinal epithelial cells under methionine-deficient conditions led to the upregulation of genes related to methionine and pyruvate metabolism.
Conclusions
Weaning stress results in the simultaneous reduction of both commensal Lactobacillus abundance and methionine levels in the piglet gut, with a significant inter-relationship between these factors. Methionine supplementation shows potential in mitigating gut dysbiosis and metabolic disruptions induced by weaning stress.
期刊介绍：
Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture is an international, interdisciplinary, peer-reviewed forum for the advancement and application to all fields of agriculture of modern chemical, biochemical and molecular technologies. The scope of this journal includes chemical and biochemical processes aimed to increase sustainable agricultural and food production, the evaluation of quality and origin of raw primary products and their transformation into foods and chemicals, as well as environmental monitoring and remediation. Of special interest are the effects of chemical and biochemical technologies, also at the nano and supramolecular scale, on the relationships between soil, plants, microorganisms and their environment, with the help of modern bioinformatics. Another special focus is the use of modern bioorganic and biological chemistry to develop new technologies for plant nutrition and bio-stimulation, advancement of biorefineries from biomasses, safe and traceable food products, carbon storage in soil and plants and restoration of contaminated soils to agriculture.
This journal presents the first opportunity to bring together researchers from a wide number of disciplines within the agricultural chemical and biological sciences, from both industry and academia. The principle aim of Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture is to allow the exchange of the most advanced chemical and biochemical knowledge to develop technologies which address one of the most pressing challenges of our times - sustaining a growing world population.
Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture publishes original research articles, short letters and invited reviews. Articles from scientists in industry, academia as well as private research institutes, non-governmental and environmental organizations are encouraged.
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