Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture最新文献

{"title":"Phosphorus absorption by mycorrhizal extraradical hyphae accelerates plant growth and active ingredient production in Polygonum cuspidatum","authors":"Xin-Ping An,&nbsp;Ze-Zhi Zhang,&nbsp;Li-Jun Zhou,&nbsp;Hai-Dong Feng,&nbsp;Rui-Ting Sun,&nbsp;Abeer Hashem,&nbsp;Elsayed Fathi Abd-Allah,&nbsp;Qiang-Sheng Wu","doi":"10.1186/s40538-025-00844-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-025-00844-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi have demonstrated the capacity to increase active ingredient concentrations in industrial plants such as <i>Polygonum cuspidatum</i>, whereas it is still uncertain whether this effect is mediated by AM-facilitated nutritional absorption like phosphorus (P). In this study, a microsystem was utilized to deliver extra P to the hyphal chamber, thereby examining the impacts of hyphal P absorption on plant growth, P acquisition, phosphatase concentration, bioactive compound concentrations, and the expression of resveratrol-related genes in <i>P</i>. <i>cuspidatum</i>. The supplementation of P led to significant increases in <i>Funneliformis mosseae</i> colonization rates in roots and hyphal lengths in soil. AM inoculation significantly improved plant height (34.3–84.7%) and root biomass (10.9–27.8%), particularly when P was supplied to the hyphal chamber. Compared with the uninoculated treatment, AM inoculation also distinctly elevated leaf and root P levels by 110.9–252.2% and 33.0–179.5%, respectively, aligning with an increase in soil acid, neutral, and alkaline phosphatase concentrations. Roots served as the primary site for resveratrol biosynthesis. Inoculation with <i>F</i>. <i>mosseae</i> increased bioactive compound concentrations in both leaves and roots to varying degrees, with the observed increase being greater when hyphae could pass through a 37 μm mesh (permitting hyphal access) into the P-supplemented hyphal chamber, as opposed to a 0.45 μm mesh (restricting hyphal access). Supplying extra P to the hyphal chamber further amplified the promoting effect on root aloe-emodin (23.1%), chrysophanol (28.5%), physcion (14.8%), polydatin (14.7%), and resveratrol (14.4%) concentrations, as well as on leaf chrysophanol (138.0%), physcion (224.5%), and polydatin (113.7%) in AM plants, accompanied by the up-regulated expression of <i>PcCHS1</i>, <i>PcCHS2</i>, <i>PcCRS1</i>, and <i>PcRS</i> genes. In summary, mycorrhizal extraradical hyphal nutrient absorption, especially P, has emerged as a critical mechanism in modulating both plant growth and bioactive compound production in <i>P</i>. <i>cuspidatum</i>.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-025-00844-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144896948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proline drives cross-linking between extensins and pectin in the cell wall to combat hexavalent chromium stress in rice plants","authors":"Yu-Xi Feng,&nbsp;Ben-Tao Yao,&nbsp;Qing Zhang,&nbsp;Cheng-Zhi Li,&nbsp;Peng Tian,&nbsp;Yan-Hong Li,&nbsp;Kun Dong,&nbsp;Yu-Juan Lin","doi":"10.1186/s40538-025-00846-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-025-00846-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The cell wall (CW) serves as a protective barrier against toxic metals, with extensins (EXTs), proline (Pro), and hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins playing key roles. These components regulate CW synthesis and assembly and can cross-link with pectin (Pec) to reinforce the CW structure. In this study, we investigated how exogenous proline [Pro_(exo)] promotes cross-linking between EXTs and Pec in CW to mitigate hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] stress in rice plants. Our physio-biochemical analyses revealed that Pro_(exo) significantly modulated the relative growth rate and root phenotype of the rice seedlings under Cr(VI) stress. It also influenced the synthesis of CW components, altered the structure and composition of CW macromolecules, and enhanced Cr sequestration by CWs. Real-time quantitative PCR analysis demonstrated that Pro_(exo) regulates the expression of <i>OsSULTR1;2</i>, thereby affecting Cr translocation between the roots and shoots of rice seedlings. This regulation alleviated the inhibitory effects of Cr(VI) stress on growth. In addition, Pro_(exo) stimulated the expression of several EXT, proline hydroxylases, and hydroxyproline O-arabinosyltransferase genes, promoting the formation of EXT–Pec cross-links. Furthermore, Pro_(exo) activated genes involved in CW signaling pathways, enhancing the CW response to Cr(VI) stress signals, and effectively triggering adaptive strategies in rice plants. Overall, our findings provide a preliminary understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which Pro_(exo) mediates EXT–Pec cross-linking, thereby influencing the CW structure, function, and signal transduction processes.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-025-00846-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144894033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural elucidation of an Astragalus acidic polysaccharide and its anti-colon cancer activity through modulation of JNK/MAPK and NLRP3/IL-1β signaling pathways","authors":"Yu Kou,&nbsp;Huizi Tang,&nbsp;Feng Gu,&nbsp;Menglin Shui,&nbsp;Suqin Liu,&nbsp;Haiyang Guo,&nbsp;Yiheng Xie,&nbsp;Chengzhi Zhu,&nbsp;Baowei Han,&nbsp;Xiao-Jun Li","doi":"10.1186/s40538-025-00843-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-025-00843-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><i>Astragalus</i> polysaccharide, a bioactive substance with significant immunomodulatory functions, has not yet had its specific configuration–function relationship fully elucidated. In the present study, four <i>Astragalus</i> polysaccharide fractions with different polarities were successfully obtained through DE52 anion exchange column separation technology, and their pharmacological activities were screened.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Homogeneous <i>Astragalus</i> polysaccharide was isolated and purified using DE52 polarity separation columns and gel column purification techniques. The types of glycosidic bonds in <i>Astragalus</i> polysaccharide were identified through monosaccharide composition analysis, infrared spectroscopy, molecular weight determination, and polysaccharide methylation analysis. The probable disaccharide repeating unit structure of AMPS-0.2A polysaccharide was determined to be <i>α</i>-(1,2)-<span>l</span>-Rha-<i>α</i>-(1,4)-<span>d</span>-GalA. <i>Astragalus</i> polysaccharide was found to induce the polarization of macrophages from the M2 phenotype to the M1 phenotype.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This effect was primarily mediated through the regulation of the JNK/MAPK signaling pathway and the NLRP3/IL-1β signaling pathway, thereby promoting the polarization of M1 macrophages.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-025-00843-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144894031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and mechanism study of functional fermentation media for reducing alkaloid content in cigar tobacco leaves","authors":"Wanrong Hu,&nbsp;Li Liu,&nbsp;Jiabao Zhang,&nbsp;Quanwei Zhou,&nbsp;Zhongrong Jiang,&nbsp;Yun Jia,&nbsp;Qianying Zhang,&nbsp;Dongliang Li","doi":"10.1186/s40538-025-00847-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-025-00847-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Elevated alkaloid levels in tobacco leaves can cause significant irritation and a pronounced bitterness. Fermentation is a well-recognized strategy to reduce alkaloid content. However, its effectiveness is influenced by the choice of fermentation media. The limited variety of available media complicates the ability to meet the specific formulation requirements of cigar products. Consequently, there is a need to develop additional media to tailor formulations that optimize fermentation outcomes.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The fermentation media developed in this study were primarily composed of compounds including chlorogenic acid, liquiritin, schaftoside, and ganoderic acid. The fermentation of cigar tobacco leaves with a medium led to a reduction in total nitrogen and alkaloid levels, while simultaneously enhancing both total sugar and reducing sugar contents. Specifically, compared to the control group, the alkaloid content in tobacco leaves treated with the medium decreased by 9.58–19.06%. Furthermore, the addition of the medium resulted in an increase in aroma compounds, while the levels of unsaturated fatty acids decreased by 7.14–24.66%. The medium also elevated the contents of characteristic aroma components, including 3-hydroxy-5,6-epoxy-β-ionol, megastigmatrienone, β-dihydroionone, dihydroactinidiolide, and sclareolide. Additionally, the introduction of the medium altered the bacterial and fungal community structures within the cigar tobacco leaves. It also facilitated the proliferation of functional microorganisms such as <i>Acinetobacter, Enterobacter, Pseudomonas, Wickerhamomyces,</i> and <i>Wallemia.</i> Correlation analysis indicated a positive relationship between the enrichment of these functional microorganisms and the increased levels of aroma compounds, such as 3-hydroxy-5,6-epoxy-β-ionol. From a sensory perspective, the incorporation of the medium reduced irritation and undesirable odors in cigar tobacco leaves, while enhancing the sweetness and richness of the aroma.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The specialized media developed in this study represent an innovative approach to optimizing cigar tobacco fermentation. This method utilizes unique raw materials and bioactive compounds to coordinate microbial activity, reduce alkaloid level, enhance aroma components, and improve sensory attributes. From an application standpoint, these media could be seamlessly integrated into cigar processing lines to enhance product quality with minimal modifications to existing equipment. The findings of this study offer novel perspectives on the reduction of alkaloid content in tobacco and the advancement of functional media.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-025-00847-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144892419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide characterization of the β-galactosidase gene family and functional analyses reveal CaBGAL14-regulated pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) fruit cracking","authors":"Yan-Li Liu,&nbsp;Si-Yu Chen,&nbsp;Feihong Liang,&nbsp;Saeed ul Haq,&nbsp;Zhen-Hui Gong","doi":"10.1186/s40538-025-00832-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-025-00832-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Fruit cracking in pepper (<i>Capsicum annuum</i> L.) constitutes a significant issue that affects its quality and commercial value. Our previous RNA-seq data analysis revealed that many <i>β</i>-galactosidase genes were differentially expressed between normal and cracked fruits; however, their involvement in pepper fruit cracking remains poorly understood. Therefore, it is necessary to systematically investigate the <i>β</i>-<i>Gal</i> family genes and their functions in the pepper fruit cracking process.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>In this study, we identified 17 <i>β</i>-<i>Gal</i> family genes in pepper, designated <i>CaBGAL1-17</i>, which were classified into seven subfamilies based on phylogenetic analysis. The expression levels of <i>CaBGALs</i> in different organs, as well as during several developmental stages and fruit cracking, were assessed via qRT-PCR. Notably, <i>CaBGAL14</i> was highly expressed in fruits exhibiting no cracking, with a 90-fold higher expression level compared to cracked fruits. Moreover, the function of <i>CaBGAL14</i> in pepper fruit cracking was verified. We performed <i>Agrobacterium</i>-mediated transient overexpression and virus-induced gene silencing of <i>CaBGAL14</i> in the pepper cultivar ‘L92’. Compared with the control fruit, the <i>CaBGAL14</i>-silenced fruits exhibited a higher fruit cracking rate, and had a thinner cuticle and more loosely arranged epidermal layer cells. Conversely, the transient overexpression of <i>CaBGAL14</i> reduced the fruit cracking rate, resulting in a thicker cuticle, higher CDTA -Na₂ soluble pectin content, and increased <i>β</i>-Gal activity.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This study provides a reference for further elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying fruit cracking.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-025-00832-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144891491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of StCCoAOMT gene family and analysis of resistance of StCCoAOMT1 and StCCoAOMT7 genes to drought, alkaline salt and combined stresses in potato","authors":"Yunyun Du,&nbsp;Ruyan Zhang,&nbsp;Yuan Lu,&nbsp;Yong Wang,&nbsp;Xingxing Wang,&nbsp;Weina Zhang,&nbsp;Yichen Kang,&nbsp;Yuhui Liu,&nbsp;Shuhao Qin","doi":"10.1186/s40538-025-00841-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-025-00841-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Drought and alkaline salt stress act synergistically on potato, affecting growth and causing reduced yield and quality. Lignin plays a key role in potato resistance to abiotic stresses, and most of the key enzymes in its synthetic pathway were involved in plant stress response. Among them, caffeoyl CoA O-methyltransferase (CCoAOMT) is a key enzyme for G-type lignin synthesis, and the <i>StCCoAOMT</i> gene is involved in potato lignin synthesis and response to plant stress in response to adversity.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The study identified 13 <i>StCCoAOMT</i> genes, which were classified into four subgroups by evolutionary analysis. We have analyzed their physicochemical properties, gene structures, motifs, and cis-acting elements. <i>StCCoAOMT</i> family genes are subject to purification selection, and tandem repeats are the primary driver of gene duplication. The collinearity relationships with other species analysis showed that the <i>StCCoAOMT</i> genes are evolutionarily distinct from monocotyledonous plants. Through transcriptomic analysis and RT-qPCR validation of the tissue-specific expression patterns of <i>StCCoAOMT</i> genes under drought, alkaline salt, and combined stress conditions, we identified the stress-responsive gene <i>StCCoAOMT7</i>.We also obtained the homologous gene, <i>StCCoAOMT1</i>, which has the highest degree of similarity to the Arabidopsis thaliana gene At4g34050, which is responsive to drought and salt stresses, by sequence comparison.</p><p>VIGS analysis revealed that <i>NbCCoAOMT1</i> and <i>NbCCoAOMT7</i> silenced tobacco plants displayed reduced resistance compared to WT plants under drought, alkaline salt, and combined stress. It is speculated that the <i>StCCoAOMT1</i> and <i>StCCoAOMT7</i> genes positively regulate drought, alkaline salt, and combined stress. The subcellular localization of StCCoAOMT1 and StCCoAOMT7 proteins was investigated in tobacco. The results indicate that both proteins may function in the nucleus, plasma membrane, and cytoplasm, providing new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying plant defense and stress responses.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p><i>StCCoAOMT1</i> and <i>StCCoAOMT7</i> were screened as drought, alkaline salt, and combined stress response genes.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-025-00841-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144891489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Target gene screening and validation for RNAi-based suppression of the microsporidian parasite Vairimorpha (=Nosema) ceranae in honeybees","authors":"Sooho Lim,&nbsp;Hyeonha Yoo,&nbsp;Giyoun Han,&nbsp;Woojin Kim,&nbsp;Minlee Kim","doi":"10.1186/s40538-025-00831-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-025-00831-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The microsporidian <i>Vairimorpha (</i>=<i>Nosema) ceranae</i> is a major pathogen affecting honeybee health worldwide, yet safe and effective control strategies remain elusive. RNA interference (RNAi) using double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) has emerged as a promising strategy for species-specific suppression with minimal environmental impact, but effective target selection and mechanistic validation remain key challenges. Here, we screened 11 dsRNAs targeting <i>V. ceranae</i> genes and identified three potent targets (<i>swp25</i>, <i>metap2</i>, and <i>spp</i>). Among them, dsRNA-<i>swp25</i> exhibited the most pronounced suppression efficacy, outperforming previously validated targets. qRT-PCR analysis confirmed significant post-transcriptional gene silencing, while spore load and midgut infection area were markedly reduced in bees treated with dsRNA-<i>swp25</i>. Furthermore, fluorescence imaging demonstrated that Cy3-labeled dsRNA was directly internalized by <i>V. ceranae</i> spores in a time-dependent manner without host mediation. Collectively, these findings highlight <i>swp25</i> as a high-impact RNAi target and offer mechanistic insights into pathogen-directed RNAi responsiveness. This work advances the development of practical, environmentally sustainable RNAi-based strategies for apicultural disease management.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-025-00831-w","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144861403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The combined effect of a newly designed biostimulant and a plant growth-promoting bacterium increases tomato yield under salt stress by increasing the cytokinin isopentenyladenine riboside content","authors":"Patricia Benito,&nbsp;Sara Trigueros,&nbsp;Marina Celdrán,&nbsp;Valeria Sánchez,&nbsp;Alberto Coronado,&nbsp;Javier Bellón,&nbsp;Vicente Arbona,&nbsp;Miguel González-Guzmán,&nbsp;Rosa Porcel,&nbsp;Lynne Yenush,&nbsp;José M. Mulet","doi":"10.1186/s40538-025-00825-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-025-00825-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>There is a growing need for agricultural inputs to maintain yield under adverse conditions. Salinization is a widespread problem in agrarian land, aggravated by anthropogenic global warming. Biostimulants based on living microorganisms or natural product extracts have been proposed as valuable tools for farmers employing conventional or organic practices. However, the availability of effective products is low, and our understanding of the mechanisms explaining the effects observed is very limited.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>This report describes the combination of a plant growth-promoting bacterium and a novel non-microbial biostimulant previously formulated in-house which increases tomato yield under salt stress. We have also determined many physiological, biochemical, and molecular parameters to characterize the molecular mechanisms underlying the observed yield increase. Our results indicate that the combined effect of both biostimulants promoted the accumulation of proline in roots and flavonoids in leaves, as well as a decrease in the antioxidant response, with the only exception of catalase activity, which was unaltered in leaves, and the ascorbate peroxidase activity, which exhibited a slight increase in roots. In addition, the joint treatment increased the content of the cytokinin isopentenyladenine riboside (IPR) in roots and leaves and promoted a significant accumulation of Krebs cycle intermediates under salt stress. The most plausible mechanism is that cytokinins protect chloroplasts and photosynthetic function, increasing the available sugar. The resulting increase in the available energy allows plants to produce more fruit and respond better to salt stress, an energy-demanding process.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The co-application of both biostimulants increases yield under salt stress. It also stimulates the increase of the cytokinin IPR, which may be involved in protecting the photosynthetic system and thus reducing the appearance of reactive oxygen species. This opens new possibilities for farmers in conventional and organic agriculture, especially in developing countries, which are more likely to suffer the consequences of climate change and the resulting increase in aridity and salinization of arable land.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-025-00825-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144869071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilization of vivianite as a slow-release phosphorus fertilizer: efficiency and mechanisms","authors":"Muzhi Sha,&nbsp;Yunlong Wang,&nbsp;Junpeng Diao,&nbsp;Sigal Savaldi-Goldstein,&nbsp;Qian Wang","doi":"10.1186/s40538-025-00837-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-025-00837-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Vivianite is an intensively studied phosphorus (P) recovery product from wastewater treatment plants. However, its downstream application has not been well-addressed thus restricting P cycling. This study investigated the P fertilizer efficiency of vivianite in pot experiments using ryegrass (<i>Lolium multiflorum</i> L.) and tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.) with two soilless growing media (perlite and quartz). The variation of vivianite during fertilization was examined to elucidate the mechanisms of P release from vivianite, using a recently developed sequential P extraction protocol coupled with light microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS).</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The mineral fertilizer equivalence (MFE) of vivianite was determined by comparing the P uptake by plants under vivianite treatment to that under mineral P fertilizer treatment, i.e., Ca(H₂PO₄)₂ in this study. It shows that the vivianite-P uptake of ryegrass was positively correlated with time in a 3-month period and its uptake in quartz was faster than that in perlite, leading to a higher MFE of vivianite in quartz than in perlite (15.8–20.3% vs 6.6–7.4%). This should be attributed to the higher P adsorption capacity and lower hydraulic conductivity of perlite, which restricted the vivianite-P dissolution and mobility. The vivianite variation revealed that vivianite-P was mainly released upon vivianite oxidation to ferric (hydr)oxides in perlite, probably given the high aeration condition in this type of growing medium. In quartz, however, the release of vivianite-P was most likely due to vivianite dissolution driven by the plant uptake of P, during which a higher plant uptake of Fe was observed than that in perlite.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The findings reveal that vivianite can serve as a slow-release P fertilizer, and its fertilizer efficiency is highly related to the properties of the growing media. Quartz is a preferred growing medium over perlite for the efficient fertilization of this sparingly soluble P source. The findings deepen the understanding of P fertilization of vivianite and lay foundation to its utilization as a slow-release P fertilizer for a circular economy of P.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-025-00837-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144858583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Potential of some lactic acid bacteria inoculants in the bioremediation of cyanogenic glycosides in sorghum straw silage","authors":"Yuxin Sun,&nbsp;Tingyu Liu,&nbsp;Kai Shi","doi":"10.1186/s40538-025-00838-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-025-00838-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-025-00838-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144853635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}