Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture最新文献

{"title":"Comparative genome analysis of two peanut Ralstonia solanacearum strains with significant difference in pathogenicity reveals 16S rRNA dimethyltransferase RsmA involved in inducing immunity","authors":"Xiaodan Tan,&nbsp;Huiquan Tang,&nbsp;Dong Yang,&nbsp;Jinling Huang,&nbsp;Yushuang Wu,&nbsp;Junyi Yu,&nbsp;Jiajun Chen,&nbsp;Qiang Wang,&nbsp;Ruixue Yang,&nbsp;Xiaorong Wan,&nbsp;Yong Yang","doi":"10.1186/s40538-024-00714-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-024-00714-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Bacterial wilt disease, caused by <i>Ralstonia solanacearum</i>, seriously threaten the quality and yield of peanut (<i>Arachis hypogaea</i> L.). Identification of proteins inducing host immune response in <i>R. solanacearum</i> is an important way towards exploring resistance genes in peanut. In previous study, we found that the pathogenicity was significant different between peanut <i>R. solanacearum</i> ZKRS126 and ZKRS146. In this study, comparative genomics analysis was performed to reveal the difference of the genomes between ZKRS126 and ZKRS146, as well as the function of the strain specific gene <i>rsmA</i> in triggering immunity.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Compared with ZKRS146, ZKRS126 caused less cell death in the peanut leaves and its proliferation and pathogenicity were significantly attenuated. Whole genome sequencing revealed that the genomes of ZKRS126 and ZKRS146 were composed of one chromosome, one megaplasmid and one small plasmid. The genome size of ZKRS126 (6,059,912 bp) was slightly larger than that of ZKRS146 (6,053,081 bp). Comparative genomics analysis showed that the genetic relationship between ZKRS126 and ZKRS146 was very close. In both ZKRS126 and ZKRS146, 73 Type III secretion system-secreted effectors (T3Es) were identified by retrieving the effector repertoire, respectively. The gene sequences of T3Es were identical between ZKRS126 and ZKRS146. Comparing all the coding genes between ZKRS126 and ZKRS146, 42 specific genes were identified in ZKRS126 and 43 in ZKRS146. Loss of the specific gene <i>rsmA</i> in ZKRS126 resulted in more virulence, and complementarity of <i>rsmA</i> in mutant strains recovered hypovirulence. The cAMP assay demonstrated RsmA was not a T3E. In <i>Nicotiania benthamiana</i> leaves, transient expression of <i>rsmA</i> significantly induced the up-regulated expression of marker genes in HR, PTI, SA, and JA pathways, indicating RsmA might trigger the plant immunity by activating the immune-related pathways.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This study not only obtained the complete genomes of two peanut <i>R. solanacearum</i> strains, but also revealed their differences in the genome levels through comparing analysis. The function verification of RsmA provided the way for the identification of immunity elicitors, which will accelerate the breeding of bacterial wilt-resistant peanut varieties in the future.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-024-00714-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142844941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two chemosensory proteins in Aleurocanthus spiniferus are involved in the recognition of host VOCs","authors":"Zhifei Jia,&nbsp;Zhenxiang Li,&nbsp;Dandan Li,&nbsp;Zhiwei Kang,&nbsp;Yongyu Xu,&nbsp;Zhenzhen Chen","doi":"10.1186/s40538-024-00700-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-024-00700-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>CSPs are known for their complex and arguably obscure function(s), particularly in chemical olfaction. It is unclear which CSPs in <i>Aleurocanthus spiniferus</i> are involved in the identification of host VOCs. This study on <i>A. spiniferus</i> utilized gene expression, ligand binding, RNAi and molecular docking to determine the CSPs involved in the binding and transport of six host VOCs.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Four (AspiCSP7, 9, 12 and 16) of the 12 CSPs underwent transcriptional up- or down-regulation after induction by host VOCs. AspiCSP16 can bind to six VOCs, and AspiCSP7 can bind to five except linalool. <i>dsAspiCSP7</i>-treated adults showed significantly lower tendency to 3-carene, hexanol, (<i>E</i>)-2-hexenal, and lost avoidance of (<i>Z</i>)-3-hexenol; the preference for 3-carene, hexanol, and the avoidance of nonanal and (<i>Z</i>)-3-hexenol were reduced when <i>AspiCSP16</i> was knocked down. Although it is difficult to convince the results on EAG after silencing 63% of <i>AspiCSP7</i> and <i>AspiCSP16</i>. <i>dsAspiCSP7</i> and <i>dsAspiCSP16</i> treatments reduced the electrophysiological (EAG) response to attractive (3-carene and hexanol), and repellent chemicals [nonanal and (<i>Z</i>)-3-hexenol], which demonstrated the behavioral results. Molecular docking indicated that critical hydrophobic residues, LYS-95 and ILE-59, might be involved in the binding of AspiCSP7 and AspiCSP16 to six host VOCs, respectively.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>AspiCSP7 and AspiCSP16 are involved in the recognition of host VOCs, including four attractants [(<i>E</i>)-2-hexenal, linalool, 3-carene, hexanol] and two repellents [nonanal and (<i>Z</i>)-3-hexenol]. This study will deepen the understanding of the olfactory mechanisms of host VOCs recognition by <i>A. spiniferus</i> and will support the development of novel compounds and RNA pesticides for controlling pests.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-024-00700-y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142844982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring IAA biosynthesis and plant growth promotion mechanism for tomato root endophytes with incomplete IAA synthesis pathways","authors":"Yanhui Feng,&nbsp;Baoyu Tian,&nbsp;Juan Xiong,&nbsp;Guoqin Lin,&nbsp;Linjie Cheng,&nbsp;Ting Zhang,&nbsp;Bilian Lin,&nbsp;Zhenhua Ke,&nbsp;Xin Li","doi":"10.1186/s40538-024-00712-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-024-00712-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Exploring indoleacetic acid (IAA) biosynthesis pathways of plant growth promoting bacteria and their ability to synthesize IAA is crucial for understanding the promotion mechanism and for developing more efficient microbial fertilizer. In this study, 118 bacterial endophytic strains were isolated from tomato root and 68 isolates were identified as members of <i>Bacillus</i> and <i>Pseudomonas</i> genus. After screening abilities to synthesize IAA in vitro and promote plant growth for these identified <i>Bacillus</i> and <i>Pseudomonas</i> strains, 7 endophytic strains <i>Bacillus sp.</i> Y_21, <i>B. paramycoides</i> Y_29, <i>B. albus</i> Y_96, <i>B. cereus</i> Y_121, <i>P. plecoglossicida</i> Y_157, <i>Bacillus sp.</i> Y_165 and <i>B. aryabhattai</i> Y_170 strains showed a significant promotion role on wheat root or leaf, including 4 endophytic strains with the potential ability to utilize intermediate metabolites, such as tryptamine and indole acetamide, to produce IAA. Genomic sequencing analysis for selected representative plant growth promoting endophytes showed that IAA-producing bacteria <i>B. cereus</i> mr31 and <i>P</i>. <i>putida</i> Y_166 separately harbored a complete indoleacetamide (IAM) and complete tryptamine (TAM) pathway; whereas, <i>Bacillus sp.</i> Y_165 and <i>B. aryabhattai</i> Y_170, two strains producing IAA not using tryptophan but with indole-3-acetamide, had an incomplete IAM pathway. Fermentation experiments of three genome-sequenced strains using wheat or tomato root extracts as substrate, and combining with UHPLC–MS/MS analysis for wheat root extracts, demonstrated that <i>Bacillus sp.</i> Y_165 strain might produce IAA by using the plant-derived indole-3-acetamide. Our study first demonstrated a novel potential mechanism for the plant growth promoting endophytes to biosynthesize IAA using plant-derived intermediates. This additional mechanism has deepened our understanding of how bacterial endophytes promote plant health and resilience, offering valuable insights about how plants regulate IAA homeostasis within their internal tissues in association with bacterial endophytes.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-024-00712-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142844718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Discovery of polymethoxylated flavonoids in Artemisia argyi as main active components in inhibiting rice blast fungus","authors":"Jia Zhou,&nbsp;Yunhan Wang,&nbsp;Qiaohuan Chen,&nbsp;Jinxin Li,&nbsp;Rong Xu,&nbsp;Bei Wang,&nbsp;Dahui Liu,&nbsp;Yuhuan Miao","doi":"10.1186/s40538-024-00713-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-024-00713-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-024-00713-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142826446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Greenhouse gas and volatile organic compound emissions of additive-treated whole-plant maize silage: part B—aerobic storage period and carbon footprint of silage additive use","authors":"Hauke Ferdinand Deeken,&nbsp;Gerd-Christian Maack,&nbsp;Manfred Trimborn,&nbsp;Wolfgang Büscher","doi":"10.1186/s40538-024-00686-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-024-00686-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Silage emits climate- and environment-relevant gases during anaerobic fermentation and aerobic feed-out periods. This trial should determine the unknown CO₂, methane, nitrous oxide, ethanol and ethyl acetate emissions of constant maize silage over both periods. The results will be published in two consecutive articles (Part A: anaerobic fermentation period; Part B: aerobic storage period).</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Three silage treatments were observed (<i>n</i> = 4): The untreated control (CON) was compared to the chemical additive treatment (CHE; 0.5 g sodium benzoate and 0.3 g potassium sorbate per kg fresh matter) and the biological additive treatment (BIO; 1 × 10⁸ colony-forming units <i>Lentilactobacillus buchneri</i> and 1 × 10⁷ colony-forming units <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> per kg fresh matter). During the two aerobic emission measurement periods (AEMP), the silos were ventilated mechanically to supply 2–6 (L air) min^–1 to the two faces of the material (150.6 kg dry matter m^–3). AEMP1 (duration 14 days) began on ensiling day 30, AEMP2 (19 days) on day 135.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>In AEMP1, aerobic stability differed among the treatments (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05): 5.17 ± 0.75 days for CON, 6.33 ± 0.15 days for BIO, and 7.33 ± 0.57 days for CHE. In AEMP2, only CON showed a temperature increase of 2 K above ambient temperature after 7.75 ± 0.31 days. BIO and CHE indicated higher ethanol and ethyl acetate emission rates during the first period of the heating process. Furthermore, 20.0%–70.4% of ethanol and 169.0%–953.6% of ethyl acetate quantities present in the material at the silo opening emitted as gases.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Methane and nitrous oxide emissions during anaerobic fermentation exceeded the quantities during aerobic storage in all treatments. However, compared with those of crop production, the total climate-relevant CO₂eq emissions are small. Microbial respiration during heating leads to climate-neutral CO₂ emissions and dry matter losses. Minimising these losses is promising for mitigating climate-relevant emissions directly during silage storage and indirectly during crop production since less forage input is needed. Thus, silage additives can help improve the silage carbon footprint by improving aerobic stability and silage deterioration.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-024-00686-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142790368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intensive monocropping of bananas decreases the soil acid buffering capacity via ammonia-oxidizing bacteria","authors":"Pingshan Fan,&nbsp;Bingbing Xing,&nbsp;Xuehong Wu,&nbsp;Yanlin Chen,&nbsp;Shanshuai Chen,&nbsp;Yunze Ruan","doi":"10.1186/s40538-024-00704-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-024-00704-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms (AOM) are vital for soil nitrogen cycling, nutrient availability, and soil health during sustainable agriculture. Long-term continuous cultivation of bananas and improper chemical fertilization affect the adaptability of AOM; however, the underlying basis for this phenomenon is unclear. This study utilized 16S rRNA gene and metagenomic sequencing techniques to examine soil from banana plantations that were continuously cultivated for 2, 3, 7, 10, 12, and 13 years (Y2, Y3, Y7, Y10, Y12, and Y13, respectively). The results indicated a significant decrease in soil acidity buffering capacity (pHBC) with increasing years of continuous cropping. Furthermore, compared with forest soil (Y0), Y7, Y10, Y12, and Y13 soils exhibited a significantly increased potential nitrification rate (PNR) as well as an abundance of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and bacteria (AOB), with no significant difference in complete ammonia oxidizers (comammox). Principal component analysis (PCA) further demonstrated marked differences in chemical properties and ammonia-oxidizing microbial community structures between the soils under long-term (Y7, Y10, Y12, Y13) and short-term (Y2, Y3) banana cultivation. In addition, metagenome analysis results indicated that the relative abundance of <i>Nitrososphaera-</i>AOA and <i>Ca.</i> Nitrosocosmicus-AOA as well as <i>Nitrosospira</i>-AOB, Nitrosovibrio-AOB, <i>Nitrosomonas</i>-AOB, and comammox <i>Nitrospira jacu</i>s was significantly higher in Y7 and Y13 soils than in Y0 controls. Redundancy analysis (RDA) identified pHBC, CEC, and NH₄⁺ as the primary chemical factor responsible for the differences in AOM microbial communities, whereas random forest analysis revealed that <i>Nitrosospira-AOB</i> significantly contributed to PNR. In summary, long-term continuous banana cultivation primarily stimulates AOB promote soil ammonia oxidation, leading to soil acidification.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-024-00704-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142778252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable production of a highly pure (R,R)-2,3-butanediol from crude glycerol using metabolically engineered Klebsiella pneumoniae GEM167 strain","authors":"Min-Ho Jo,&nbsp;Jung-Hyun Ju,&nbsp;Sun-Yeon Heo,&nbsp;Ki Jun Jeong,&nbsp;Baek-Rock Oh","doi":"10.1186/s40538-024-00705-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-024-00705-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Among 2,3-butanediol (2,3-BDO) stereoisomers, (<i>R,R</i>)-2,3-BDO is particularly noteworthy for its application in the agricultural industry. It is an eco-friendly plant immune system stimulant, promoting plant growth and enhancing resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>This study aimed to address the limitations of a previous study, which produced (<i>R,R</i>)-2,3-BDO with only 98% purity despite Kp-<i>dhaD</i> overexpression. First, BLi-<i>gldA</i> demonstrated significantly higher activity and selectivity in converting racemic acetoin to (<i>R,R</i>)-2,3-BDO compared to others among 2,3-BDO dehydrogenases (Kp-<i>dhaD</i> and Kp-<i>gldA</i> from <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>, and BLi-gldA from <i>Bacillus licheniformis</i>). The <i>K. pneumoniae</i> GEM167 <i>ΔadhEΔldhAΔbudC</i>-BLi-<i>gldA</i>/pETM6 strain produced the highest (<i>R,R</i>)-2,3-BDO amount, with 99% purity (73.51 ± 1.69 g/L at 48 h), by isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside addition at the early exponential growth phase (6 h) compared to other cell growth phases. The availability of crude glycerol was investigated, and crude glycerol promoted cell growth resulting in efficient (<i>R,R</i>)-2,3-BDO in the early stage of culture [90.32 ± 1.12 g/L (<i>R,R</i>)-2,3-BDO with 99.0% purity after 60 h]. The productivity and yield remained comparable for crude glycerol (1.51 g/L/h, 0.41 g/g) and pure glycerol (1.53 g/L/h, 0.43 g/g).</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This study successfully produced 99% enantiopure (<i>R,R</i>)-2,3-BDO from crude glycerol for the first time using the <i>K. pneumoniae</i> GEM167 <i>ΔadhEΔldhAΔbudC</i>-BLi-<i>gldA</i>/pETM6 strain. (<i>R,R</i>)-2,3-BDO production from crude glycerol, a biodiesel process byproduct, is expected to contribute to a sustainable and circular biomass supply chain and biodiesel production system by positively influencing the stable cultivation of biodiesel crops even under unpredictable climate conditions.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-024-00705-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142761760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomass conversion strategies and wastewater reuse: a deep focus on hydrothermal liquefaction as a circular economy approach","authors":"Wanda Gugliucci,&nbsp;Olimpia Pepe,&nbsp;Valeria Ventorino","doi":"10.1186/s40538-024-00710-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-024-00710-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A wide variety of eco-friendly and at <i>zero waste</i> techniques are developed for biomass conversion and valorization of its residues and by-products such as water fraction and organic residues which could be further utilized. The wastewater reuse is one of the best strategies for water security, sustainability, and resilience. To date, the municipal wastewater was the most widely used, nowadays the innovative technologies for biomass conversion and energy production allow the recovery of wastewater with better and safer features than the municipal effluents. Depending on the moisture content of the starting feedstock, the hydrothermal liquefaction process (HTL) generates also up to 95% of wastewater (HTL–WW) generally rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfate as well as micronutrients and minerals. Although it is currently recycled through various biological systems such as microalgae cultivation and anaerobic digestion, the possibility of using the wastewater from HTL process as irrigation water for agricultural purpose is discussed representing a source of crop nutrients for the high amount of organic and inorganic compounds and a new approach in contributing to reduce the increasing pressure on freshwater resources.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-024-00710-w","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142761792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation, structural characterization and biological activities of Laetiporus sulphureus polysaccharide and its stabilized selenium nanoparticles","authors":"Yunhe Qu,&nbsp;Pingping Zhang,&nbsp;Boya Zhao,&nbsp;Jing Xu,&nbsp;Dongfang Shi","doi":"10.1186/s40538-024-00695-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-024-00695-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The total polysaccharides extracted from <i>Laetiporus sulphureus</i> fruiting bodies by ultrasound-assisted complex enzyme method were separated by freeze–thaw combined with fehling reagent to prepare purified polysaccharide (LSPS1). The results of monosaccharide composition and molecular weight distribution demonstrated that LSPS1 contained galactose (51.83%), mannose (26.89%), fucose (16.13%) and glucose (5.15%), and the molecular weight was around 17.3 kDa. Methylation analysis indicated that the backbone of LSPS1 consisted of 1,6-Gal<i>p</i> residues, branched at O-2 of Gal<i>p</i> with t-Man<i>p</i>, t-Fuc<i>p</i> and t-Glc<i>p</i> residues as side chains. In addition, LSPS1 was used for the synthesis of SeNPs based on the redox system of sodium selenite and ascorbic acid. The <i>L. sulphureus</i> polysaccharide selenium nanoparticles (LSPS1–SeNPs) were characterized by UV, FT-IR, ICP-MS, EDX, DLS and SEM, inferring that LSPS1–SeNPs were stabilized with spherical and granular surface structure as well as a mean particle size of 96.72 ± 1.12 nm. Both of LSPS1 and LSPS1–SeNPs possessed strong antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities while the effects of LSPS1–SeNPs were superior to LSPS1. The findings provided valuable structural information for <i>L. sulphureus</i> polysaccharide, and will promote the application of SeNPs by <i>L. sulphureus</i> polysaccharide in potential antioxidant agent and hypoglycemic candidate.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-024-00695-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142757965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of binary polymer-humic soil amendments on soil carbon cycle and detoxication ability of heavy metal pollution","authors":"Olga Yakimenko,&nbsp;Lev Pozdnyakov,&nbsp;Maxim Kadulin,&nbsp;Dmitriy Gruzdenko,&nbsp;Irina Panova,&nbsp;Alexander Yaroslavov","doi":"10.1186/s40538-024-00679-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-024-00679-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Synthetic hydrophilic polyelectrolytes are considered as perspective tools to optimize soil properties and find increasing applications in agricultural technologies. One possible polyelectrolyte-based soil conditioner that has shown promise for improving soil hydrophysical properties is hydrolyzed polyacrylonitrile (HYPAN), linear polyanion. Combinations of HYPAN with humic substances in binary polymer-humic soil amendment presumably could provide a synergistic impact. In this study we investigated the effects of HYPAN, two different potassium humates (from lignite and lignosulfonate), and binary compositions of HYPAN with humates in the ratios of 1:1 and 1:2, on soil microbiological activity. We applied polymer solutions (0.9% on a dry matter basis) in a lab experiment and examined how they affected soil respiration, microbial biomass, metabolic quotient, and the decomposition rate constant in soil–polymer mixtures. A concurrent set of studies involved spiking soil–polymer mixes with heavy metals (copper, zinc, lead and cadmium).</p><h3>Results</h3><p>In uncontaminated soil–polymer mixtures both humates stimulated the activity of soil microorganisms, expressed in increased basal respiration, microbial biomass, and mitigation of HM toxicity. The effects of binary polymer-humic formulations and HYPAN were comparable to and close in size to those of humates. On the 90th day, humates increased microbial respiration by 54–77% and HYPAN alone by 30%. Binary compositions were more efficient when combined with humate from lignosulphonate. The maximum increase in microbial biomass was obtained with the same humate both in composition and alone (65 and 91 µg C g⁻¹). Under conditions of HM contamination at the end of the incubation, the levels of microbiological parameters in HM spiked soil–polymer mixtures did not statistically differ from the uncontaminated control. Every polymer formulation helped to partially restore microbial activity while reducing the toxic effects of HM. In these circumstances, humate from lignite both by itself and in combination with HYPAN performed better. The quality of organic matter in both humates and HYPAN was the primary determinant of the impact of the examined amendments.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Combination of natural humate and synthetic HYPAN stimulated the activity of soil microorganisms, increased their biomass and mitigated the toxicity of heavy metals present in the soil. This allows the use of binary HYPAN-humate formulations to improve the chemical and biological properties of soil and increase its productivity.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-024-00679-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142753959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}