{"title":"氟啶酮通过调节激素信号转导、苯丙类生物合成和能量代谢促进黄精种子萌发","authors":"Xiaogang Jiang, Darong Li, Hua Wang, Yuying Yang, Kaidi Yu, Jinwen You, Haihua Liu, Xiaoliang Guo, Yinsheng He, Wuxian Zhou, Qingfang Wang","doi":"10.1186/s40538-025-00787-x","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><i>Polygonatum cyrtonema</i> Hua functions as a highly valued medicinal herb. However, the seeds of <i>P. cyrtonema</i> exhibit morphophysiological dormancy. In this study, <i>P. cyrtonema</i> seeds were treated with a range of fluridone concentrations (0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 mg/L). The germination rate and radicle length were recorded on the 25th, 30th, 40th, 50th, and 60th days of the experiment. In addition, we investigated the metabolome and transcriptome differences in <i>P. cyrtonema</i> seed under fluridone treatments of 0 mg/L (CK), 50 mg/L (FL5), and 250 mg/L (FL20). The findings revealed that suitable fluridone significantly increased the germination rate and promoted radicle elongation of <i>P. cyrtonema</i> seeds. Furthermore, fluridone treatments significantly promoted the germination by reducing abscisic acid (ABA) content, while increasing the levels of auxin (IAA) and cytokinin (CTK). Most genes associated with IAA and CTK in FL5 and FL20 showed higher expression levels when compared with the control, whereas genes related to dormancy and senescence showed the opposite trend. Moreover, genes associated with phenylpropanoid biosynthesis exhibited significant upregulation in FL5 and FL20 when compared with the control, suggesting that fluridone might alleviate the abiotic stress and provide a more favorable environment for germination. In addition, genes associated with the starch and sucrose metabolism showed significant upregulation, contributing to the energy supply for the seed germination. In summary, this study identified 250 mg/L as the optimal fluridone concentration for promoting the germination of <i>P. cyrtonema</i> seed by regulating hormone-mediated signaling, starch/sucrose metabolism, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. The current research provides a theoretical basis and practical techniques for applying fluridone to release the dormancy and enhance germination of <i>P. cyrtonema</i> seeds.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\n<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-025-00787-x","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Fluridone promotes the germination of Polygonatum cyrtonema seeds by modulating hormone signal transduction, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and energy metabolism\",\"authors\":\"Xiaogang Jiang, Darong Li, Hua Wang, Yuying Yang, Kaidi Yu, Jinwen You, Haihua Liu, Xiaoliang Guo, Yinsheng He, Wuxian Zhou, Qingfang Wang\",\"doi\":\"10.1186/s40538-025-00787-x\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p><i>Polygonatum cyrtonema</i> Hua functions as a highly valued medicinal herb. However, the seeds of <i>P. cyrtonema</i> exhibit morphophysiological dormancy. In this study, <i>P. cyrtonema</i> seeds were treated with a range of fluridone concentrations (0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 mg/L). The germination rate and radicle length were recorded on the 25th, 30th, 40th, 50th, and 60th days of the experiment. In addition, we investigated the metabolome and transcriptome differences in <i>P. cyrtonema</i> seed under fluridone treatments of 0 mg/L (CK), 50 mg/L (FL5), and 250 mg/L (FL20). The findings revealed that suitable fluridone significantly increased the germination rate and promoted radicle elongation of <i>P. cyrtonema</i> seeds. Furthermore, fluridone treatments significantly promoted the germination by reducing abscisic acid (ABA) content, while increasing the levels of auxin (IAA) and cytokinin (CTK). Most genes associated with IAA and CTK in FL5 and FL20 showed higher expression levels when compared with the control, whereas genes related to dormancy and senescence showed the opposite trend. Moreover, genes associated with phenylpropanoid biosynthesis exhibited significant upregulation in FL5 and FL20 when compared with the control, suggesting that fluridone might alleviate the abiotic stress and provide a more favorable environment for germination. In addition, genes associated with the starch and sucrose metabolism showed significant upregulation, contributing to the energy supply for the seed germination. In summary, this study identified 250 mg/L as the optimal fluridone concentration for promoting the germination of <i>P. cyrtonema</i> seed by regulating hormone-mediated signaling, starch/sucrose metabolism, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. The current research provides a theoretical basis and practical techniques for applying fluridone to release the dormancy and enhance germination of <i>P. cyrtonema</i> seeds.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\\n<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":512,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture\",\"volume\":\"12 1\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":5.2000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-05-24\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-025-00787-x\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"97\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40538-025-00787-x\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"农林科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40538-025-00787-x","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Fluridone promotes the germination of Polygonatum cyrtonema seeds by modulating hormone signal transduction, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and energy metabolism
Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua functions as a highly valued medicinal herb. However, the seeds of P. cyrtonema exhibit morphophysiological dormancy. In this study, P. cyrtonema seeds were treated with a range of fluridone concentrations (0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 mg/L). The germination rate and radicle length were recorded on the 25th, 30th, 40th, 50th, and 60th days of the experiment. In addition, we investigated the metabolome and transcriptome differences in P. cyrtonema seed under fluridone treatments of 0 mg/L (CK), 50 mg/L (FL5), and 250 mg/L (FL20). The findings revealed that suitable fluridone significantly increased the germination rate and promoted radicle elongation of P. cyrtonema seeds. Furthermore, fluridone treatments significantly promoted the germination by reducing abscisic acid (ABA) content, while increasing the levels of auxin (IAA) and cytokinin (CTK). Most genes associated with IAA and CTK in FL5 and FL20 showed higher expression levels when compared with the control, whereas genes related to dormancy and senescence showed the opposite trend. Moreover, genes associated with phenylpropanoid biosynthesis exhibited significant upregulation in FL5 and FL20 when compared with the control, suggesting that fluridone might alleviate the abiotic stress and provide a more favorable environment for germination. In addition, genes associated with the starch and sucrose metabolism showed significant upregulation, contributing to the energy supply for the seed germination. In summary, this study identified 250 mg/L as the optimal fluridone concentration for promoting the germination of P. cyrtonema seed by regulating hormone-mediated signaling, starch/sucrose metabolism, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. The current research provides a theoretical basis and practical techniques for applying fluridone to release the dormancy and enhance germination of P. cyrtonema seeds.
期刊介绍：
Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture is an international, interdisciplinary, peer-reviewed forum for the advancement and application to all fields of agriculture of modern chemical, biochemical and molecular technologies. The scope of this journal includes chemical and biochemical processes aimed to increase sustainable agricultural and food production, the evaluation of quality and origin of raw primary products and their transformation into foods and chemicals, as well as environmental monitoring and remediation. Of special interest are the effects of chemical and biochemical technologies, also at the nano and supramolecular scale, on the relationships between soil, plants, microorganisms and their environment, with the help of modern bioinformatics. Another special focus is the use of modern bioorganic and biological chemistry to develop new technologies for plant nutrition and bio-stimulation, advancement of biorefineries from biomasses, safe and traceable food products, carbon storage in soil and plants and restoration of contaminated soils to agriculture.
This journal presents the first opportunity to bring together researchers from a wide number of disciplines within the agricultural chemical and biological sciences, from both industry and academia. The principle aim of Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture is to allow the exchange of the most advanced chemical and biochemical knowledge to develop technologies which address one of the most pressing challenges of our times - sustaining a growing world population.
Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture publishes original research articles, short letters and invited reviews. Articles from scientists in industry, academia as well as private research institutes, non-governmental and environmental organizations are encouraged.
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