Tobias Boege , Mathias Drton , Benjamin Hollering , Sarah Lumpp , Pratik Misra , Daniela Schkoda
{"title":"Conditional independence in stationary distributions of diffusions","authors":"Tobias Boege , Mathias Drton , Benjamin Hollering , Sarah Lumpp , Pratik Misra , Daniela Schkoda","doi":"10.1016/j.spa.2025.104604","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spa.2025.104604","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Stationary distributions of multivariate diffusion processes have recently been proposed as probabilistic models of causal systems in statistics and machine learning. Motivated by these developments, we study stationary multivariate diffusion processes with a sparsely structured drift. Our main result gives a characterization of the conditional independence relations that hold in a stationary distribution. The result draws on a graphical representation of the drift structure and pertains to conditional independence relations that hold generally as a consequence of the drift’s sparsity pattern.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51160,"journal":{"name":"Stochastic Processes and their Applications","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 104604"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143518982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Global well-posedness and enhanced dissipation for the 2D stochastic Nernst–Planck–Navier–Stokes equations with transport noise","authors":"Quyuan Lin , Rongchang Liu , Weinan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.spa.2025.104603","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spa.2025.104603","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we consider the 2D stochastic Nernst–Planck–Navier–Stokes equations incorporating transport noise affecting both momentum and ionic concentrations. By assuming the ionic species have the same diffusivity and opposite valences, we prove the global well-posedness of the system. Furthermore, we illustrate the enhanced dissipation phenomenon in the system with specific transportation noise by establishing that it enables an arbitrarily large exponential convergence rate of the solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51160,"journal":{"name":"Stochastic Processes and their Applications","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 104603"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mazyar Ghani Varzaneh , Sebastian Riedel , Alexander Schmeding , Nikolas Tapia
{"title":"The geometry of controlled rough paths","authors":"Mazyar Ghani Varzaneh , Sebastian Riedel , Alexander Schmeding , Nikolas Tapia","doi":"10.1016/j.spa.2025.104594","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spa.2025.104594","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We prove that the spaces of controlled (branched) rough paths of arbitrary order form a continuous field of Banach spaces. This structure has many similarities to an (infinite-dimensional) vector bundle and allows to define a topology on the total space, the collection of all controlled path spaces, which turns out to be Polish in the geometric case. The construction is intrinsic and based on a new approximation result for controlled rough paths. This framework turns well-known maps such as the rough integration map and the Itô–Lyons map into continuous (structure preserving) mappings. Moreover, it is compatible with previous constructions of interest in the stability theory for rough integration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51160,"journal":{"name":"Stochastic Processes and their Applications","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 104594"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143487789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Gradual convergence for Langevin dynamics on a degenerate potential","authors":"Gerardo Barrera , Conrado da-Costa , Milton Jara","doi":"10.1016/j.spa.2025.104601","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spa.2025.104601","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we study an ordinary differential equation with a degenerate global attractor at the origin, to which we add a white noise with a small parameter that regulates its intensity. Under general conditions, for any fixed intensity, as time tends to infinity, the solution of this stochastic dynamics converges exponentially fast in total variation distance to a unique equilibrium distribution. We suitably accelerate the random dynamics and show that the preceding convergence is gradual, that is, the function that associates to each fixed <span><math><mrow><mi>t</mi><mo>≥</mo><mn>0</mn></mrow></math></span> the total variation distance between the accelerated random dynamics at time <span><math><mi>t</mi></math></span> and its equilibrium distribution converges, as the noise intensity tends to zero, to a decreasing function with values in <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>. Moreover, we prove that this limit function for each fixed <span><math><mrow><mi>t</mi><mo>≥</mo><mn>0</mn></mrow></math></span> corresponds to the total variation distance between the marginal, at time <span><math><mi>t</mi></math></span>, of a stochastic differential equation that comes down from infinity and its corresponding equilibrium distribution. This completes the classification of all possible behaviors of the total variation distance between the time marginal of the aforementioned stochastic dynamics and its invariant measure for one dimensional well-behaved convex potentials. In addition, there is no cut-off phenomenon for this one-parameter family of random processes and asymptotics of the mixing times are derived.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51160,"journal":{"name":"Stochastic Processes and their Applications","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 104601"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Stochastic parallel translations and diffusions on the Wasserstein space over T","authors":"Hao Ding , Shizan Fang , Xiang-Dong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.spa.2025.104602","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spa.2025.104602","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We establish the existence and uniqueness of stochastic parallel translations and diffusions driven by a Q-Wiener process on the Wasserstein space over <span><math><mi>T</mi></math></span>. Surprisingly enough, the equation defining stochastic parallel translations is a SDE on a Hilbert space, instead of a SPDE.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51160,"journal":{"name":"Stochastic Processes and their Applications","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 104602"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jorge Ignacio González Cázares , Feng Lin , Aleksandar Mijatović
{"title":"Fast exact simulation of the first-passage event of a subordinator","authors":"Jorge Ignacio González Cázares , Feng Lin , Aleksandar Mijatović","doi":"10.1016/j.spa.2025.104599","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spa.2025.104599","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper provides an exact simulation algorithm for the sampling from the joint law of the first-passage time, the undershoot and the overshoot of a subordinator crossing a non-increasing boundary. The algorithm applies to a large non-parametric class of subordinators of interest in applications. We prove that the running time of this algorithm has finite moments of all positive orders and give an explicit bound on the expected running time in terms of the Lévy measure of the subordinator. This bound provides performance guarantees that make our algorithm suitable for Monte Carlo estimation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51160,"journal":{"name":"Stochastic Processes and their Applications","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 104599"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143386638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Symmetry and functional inequalities for stable Lévy-type operators","authors":"Lu-Jing Huang , Tao Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.spa.2025.104600","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spa.2025.104600","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we establish the sufficient and necessary conditions for the symmetry of the following stable Lévy-type operator <span><math><mi>L</mi></math></span> on <span><math><mi>R</mi></math></span>: <span><span><span><math><mrow><mi>L</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>a</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><msup><mrow><mi>Δ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>α</mi><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mo>+</mo><mi>b</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><mfrac><mrow><mi>d</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>d</mi><mi>x</mi></mrow></mfrac><mo>,</mo></mrow></math></span></span></span>where <span><math><mi>a</mi></math></span> is a continuous and strictly positive function, and <span><math><mi>b</mi></math></span> is a differentiable function. We then study the criteria for functional inequalities, such as logarithmic Sobolev inequalities, Nash inequalities and super-Poincaré inequalities under the assumption of symmetry. Our approach involves the Orlicz space theory and the estimates of the Green functions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51160,"journal":{"name":"Stochastic Processes and their Applications","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 104600"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143395378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dariusz Buraczewski , Alexander Iksanov , Valeriya Kotelnikova
{"title":"Laws of the iterated and single logarithm for sums of independent indicators, with applications to the Ginibre point process and Karlin’s occupancy scheme","authors":"Dariusz Buraczewski , Alexander Iksanov , Valeriya Kotelnikova","doi":"10.1016/j.spa.2025.104597","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spa.2025.104597","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We prove a law of the iterated logarithm (LIL) for an infinite sum of independent indicators parameterized by <span><math><mi>t</mi></math></span> and monotone in <span><math><mi>t</mi></math></span> as <span><math><mrow><mi>t</mi><mo>→</mo><mi>∞</mi></mrow></math></span>. It is shown that if the expectation <span><math><mi>b</mi></math></span> and the variance <span><math><mi>a</mi></math></span> of the sum are comparable, then the normalization in the LIL includes the iterated logarithm of <span><math><mi>a</mi></math></span>. If the expectation grows faster than the variance, while the ratio <span><math><mrow><mo>log</mo><mi>b</mi><mo>/</mo><mo>log</mo><mi>a</mi></mrow></math></span> remains bounded, then the normalization in the LIL includes the single logarithm of <span><math><mi>a</mi></math></span> (so that the LIL becomes a law of the single logarithm). Applications of our result are given to the number of points of the infinite Ginibre point process in a disk and the number of occupied boxes and related quantities in Karlin’s occupancy scheme.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51160,"journal":{"name":"Stochastic Processes and their Applications","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 104597"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143395379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effective growth rates in a periodically changing environment: From mutation to invasion","authors":"Manuel Esser , Anna Kraut","doi":"10.1016/j.spa.2025.104598","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spa.2025.104598","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We consider a stochastic individual-based model of adaptive dynamics for an asexually reproducing population with mutation, with linear birth and death rates, as well as a density-dependent competition. To depict repeating changes of the environment, all of these parameters vary over time as piecewise constant and periodic functions, on an intermediate time-scale between those of stabilisation of the resident population (fast) and exponential growth of mutants (slow). Studying the growth of emergent mutants and their invasion of the resident population in the limit of small mutation rates for a simultaneously diverging population size, we are able to determine their effective growth rates. We describe this growth as a mesoscopic scaling-limit of the orders of population sizes, where we observe an averaging effect of the invasion fitness. Moreover, we prove a limit result for the sequence of consecutive macroscopic resident traits that is similar to the so-called trait-substitution-sequence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51160,"journal":{"name":"Stochastic Processes and their Applications","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 104598"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143528801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Wasserstein asymptotics for Brownian motion on the flat torus and Brownian interlacements","authors":"Mauro Mariani , Dario Trevisan","doi":"10.1016/j.spa.2025.104595","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spa.2025.104595","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We study the large time behaviour of the optimal transportation cost towards the uniform distribution, for the occupation measure of a stationary Brownian motion on the flat torus in <span><math><mi>d</mi></math></span> dimensions, where the cost of transporting a unit of mass is given by a power of the flat distance. We establish a global upper bound, in terms of the limit for the analogue problem concerning the occupation measure of the Brownian interlacement on <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>d</mi></mrow></msup></math></span>. We conjecture that our bound is sharp and that our techniques may allow for similar studies on a larger variety of problems, e.g. general diffusion processes on weighted Riemannian manifolds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51160,"journal":{"name":"Stochastic Processes and their Applications","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 104595"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143377183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}