Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology最新文献

{"title":"Pleomorphic adenoma with extensive squamous metaplasia and keratinizing cysts: Diagnostic and clinical pitfalls - A report of two cases and review of literature.","authors":"Mahadevi B Hosur, Rudrayya S Puranik, Satyajit G Dandagi, Vivekanand M Patil","doi":"10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_151_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_151_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common benign tumour of major or minor salivary glands. Histological diversity is the hallmark of pleomorphic adenoma. Extensive squamous metaplasia with keratin-filled cysts is rarely reported. Here we present two cases of pleomorphic adenoma with exuberant squamous metaplasia and keratin filled cysts formation in a minor salivary gland and discuss its potential diagnostic pitfalls.</p>","PeriodicalId":38846,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology","volume":"28 4","pages":"689-693"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11819618/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143415794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The outcomes between cystic decompression and marsupialisation methods in odontogenic cysts and cyst-like tumours: A retrospective comparative study.","authors":"Kannika Rungsaeng, Pisha Pittayapat, Sappasith Panya, Paksinee Kamolratanakul","doi":"10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_136_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_136_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Marsupialization and decompression are treatments designed to reduce hydrostatic pressure which results in reducing the cystic size and increasing the bone density of the lesion.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To compare the percentage of cystic size reduction and the percentage of change in radiographic density from marsupialisation and two types of decompression: tube drain and stent.</p><p><strong>Settings and design: </strong>Retrospective analysis of panoramic films was conducted to evaluate cystic size and intralesional density.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Data were analysed from 40 cases, including 31 cases of odontogenic cyst and 9 cases of cyst-like tumour, treated at Chulalongkorn University's Faculty of Dentistry from 2009 to 2019. The percentage of cystic size reduction and percentage of change in radiographic density were analysed before the procedure and three months after treatment. The density and size of the odontogenic cysts were determined using Image J software version 1.43.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis: </strong>Data were analysed using Kruskal-Wallis test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The percentage of cystic size reductions when using marsupialisation, decompression with a tube drain and decompression with a stent were 31.49 ± 7.43, 35.42 ± 10.58 and 30.99 ± 7.16, respectively (<i>P</i> = 0.366). The percentage of change in radiographic density was 25.21 ± 7.04, 27.09 ± 7.96 and 24.94 ± 5.35, respectively (<i>P</i> = 0.661). There was no statistically significant difference in outcomes between the groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Decompression with a tube drain yielded both the highest percentage of size reduction and the highest percentage of change in radiographic density in the cyst, although this better performance was not statistically significant. We recommend decompression with a tube drain, as it effectively maintains an open drainage pathway and prevents collapse of the cyst opening. This continuous release of hydrostatic pressure is beneficial in promoting gradual bone healing and regeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":38846,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology","volume":"28 4","pages":"612-618"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11819622/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143415487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitosis - predicting primary tumour and metastatic lymph node behaviour and beyond in OSCC - A pilot study.","authors":"Soumya Makarla, Radhika M Bavle, Satyajit Topajiche","doi":"10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_292_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_292_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>In the evaluation of oral cancer, mitotic index/mitotic figures are of paramount importance in histopathology. The number of mitoses in tumour cells is directly proportional to the activity of the tumour cells. In this novel study, we evaluated the status of the mitotic figures found in the metastatic deposit of the lymph nodes in addition to the primary tumour. A great deal of significance is given to this parameter in the evaluation of progress of the primary tumours in a state of distant metastasis. Therefore, we propose to analyse the lymph node mitotic index (LMI) in metastatic deposits and its relation to the primary tumour by assessing the relation between primary: LN mitosis ratio (PLMR). This also can provide an insight into the concept of understanding the dynamic state of lymph node deposits in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 510 lymph nodes from 17 cases of surgically treated OSCC were analysed, of which 40 lymph nodes were found to be positive. These 40 lymph nodes were examined histopathologically for the presence of mitotic figures in ten randomly selected fields (x400) and compared to the mitotic activity of the primary tumour by two observers independently, along with other histopathological features. LMI and PLMR were further determined for these cases.</p><p><strong>Observations and results: </strong>The mitotic index was significantly higher in the metastatic deposits than in the primary tumour (<i>P</i> = 0.004). A higher percentage of abnormal mitoses was observed in metastatic lymph nodes, but no statistical significance (<i>P</i> = 0.27) was found when compared with primary tumour. Statistically significant correlation (<i>P</i> = 0.001) was observed between abnormal mitoses (%) and presence of ECS as well as size of the metastatic deposits. The LMI ratio showed a high mitotic rate in close to 80% of the cases. PLMR showed 58-60% cases with mitotically more active lymph nodes.</p><p><strong>Interpretation and conclusion: </strong>This study is the first of its kind, which examines a level further than the nature of the primary tumour. Mitotic index/numbers in lymph nodes (LMI) might be considered an important parameter to evaluate the disease spread, revealing the nature of transiently indolent and mitotically active metastatic lymph nodes. The PLMR adds a further dimension on the lymph node's dynamic status in the progression of the disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":38846,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology","volume":"28 4","pages":"602-611"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11819642/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143415786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Osteochondroma of the anterior mandible: A rare case report and review of the literature.","authors":"Devendra H Palve, Akshay A Dhobley, Dipak D Ghatage, Ashwini G Kendre","doi":"10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_37_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_37_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Osteochondroma (OC) is the most common benign tumour of the axial skeleton which often occurs from the metaphysis of the long bones but rarely occurs in the craniofacial region (<1% of cases). Literature shows that cases occur more in the mandibular condylar region. To date, only six cases of this incredibly rare OC in the mandibular front region have been documented in the last 30 years. In addition to reviewing the literature on OCs of the mandibular front region, this case report describes a case of OC involving the mandibular symphysis and left para-symphysis in a 67-year-old male patient. Histopathological examination revealed chondroid and osteoid tissue with sparse fibrous tissue patches and columns of chondrocytes with single tiny nuclei within the cartilaginous cap, and all these features were strongly suggestive of OC diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":38846,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology","volume":"28 4","pages":"672-676"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11819633/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143415790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the third dimension of tooth shape: 2D versus 3D geometric morphometry of human post-canine dentition.","authors":"Srikant Natarajan, Junaid Ahmed, Shravan Shetty, Nidhin P Jose, Sharada Chowdappa, Kavery Chengappa","doi":"10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_451_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_451_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Geometric morphometry is an effective tool for studying teeth morphology for quantifying variations in dental shape across individuals and populations. This study aims to analyse the dimorphism of human post-canine maxillary and mandibular tooth shape by utilising 2D and 3D landmark data and compare the effectiveness of both methods in detecting allometry and shape characteristics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Pre-treatment dental casts (N = 160) from patients aged 13-20 were digitised, and 2D and 3D anatomic landmarks on maxillary and mandibular post-canine teeth were marked. The data were evaluated using principal component analysis, discriminant function analysis, and regression analysis of shape coordinates with centroid size using MorphoJ morphometric software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Principal component analysis revealed that 20-30% of the principal components explained 80% variation in tooth shape. The maxillary second molar and mandibular second premolar had the largest differences in variance between 2D and 3D data. The two-cusp type mandibular second premolar and maxillary second molar displayed the highest variation in 3D analysis. The mandibular second premolar (two-cusp type) had the highest overall accuracy in classifying sex, followed by the maxillary first and second molars.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>3D data collection offers advantages over 2D methods, but it has limitations and trade-offs. It can be time-consuming and expensive and require specialized equipment or software. 2D methods may miss important depth axis variation or capture biological variation. Researchers must carefully consider the benefits and limitations of both methods before choosing. This study provides valuable insight into post-canine tooth shape dimorphism and contributes to existing knowledge in the field.</p>","PeriodicalId":38846,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology","volume":"28 4","pages":"716-724"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11819640/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143415450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Enigmatic 'Swiss Cheese' in macroscopic tissue pathology.","authors":"Radhika M Bavle","doi":"10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_333_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_333_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38846,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology","volume":"28 4","pages":"547-548"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11819624/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143415071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative analysis of the burden of lip and oral cavity cancers in the Indian subcontinent.","authors":"Manju Mariam Stephen Mathunny, Ramakrishnan Sivakumar, Sreenivasan Kamalamma Padmakumar","doi":"10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_109_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_109_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Lip and oral cavity cancers are among the top 10 cancer causes and mortality globally. Some countries in the Indian subcontinent bear a disproportionately higher burden of lip and oral cavity cancers. Detailed analysis of lip and oral cavity cancers in the Indian subcontinent using all available data is important for effective policy planning. This paper aims to summarise the total burden of lip and oral cavity cancer and compare it across countries within the Indian subcontinent.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Data from the Global Cancer Observatory (GCO) and Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study were extracted to analyse cancer incidence, prevalence, mortality and cancer risk before reaching 74 years. Furthermore, summary estimates of years of life lost (YLL), years lived with disability (YLDs) and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) attributable to lip and oral cavity cancers were extracted from the GBD database. The data of individual countries within the Indian subcontinent were used for comparison.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The estimated number of deaths from lip and oral cavity cancers for 2019 was 90732 in the Indian subcontinent. The Indian subcontinent accounted for 45.3% of the deaths attributable to lip and oral cavity cancers. The incidence of lip and oral cavity cancers in the Indian subcontinent ranged from 3.18 per 100,000 population in Maldives to 12.76 per 100,000 population in Pakistan. The incidence rate of lip and oral cavity cancer in India was 7.54 per 100,000 population. However, due to the population size, India accounted for 104837 incident cases of lip and oral cavity cancers annually. The estimated number of prevalent and incident cases of lip and oral cavity cancers from the Indian subcontinent in 2019 was 0.46 million (30% of overall cases globally) and 0.15 million (39% of incident cases globally), respectively. The Indian subcontinent also accounted for 50% of the DALYs attributable to lip and oral cavity cancers worldwide.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusion: </strong>The Indian subcontinent accounts for disproportionately higher cases and deaths due to lip and oral cavity cancers than other regions. It calls for urgent policy action to prevent the disease spread, early diagnosis and optimal management of lip and oral cavity cancers in the Indian subcontinent.</p>","PeriodicalId":38846,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology","volume":"28 4","pages":"565-569"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11819645/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143415636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on thyroid autoimmunity of oral lichen planus and oral lichenoid mucositis.","authors":"C Lavanya, K Ranganathan","doi":"10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_85_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_85_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Oral lichen planus (OLP) and oral lichenoid mucositis (OLM) are immune-mediated mucosal conditions with multifactorial etiology, with similar clinical and histological characteristics. Diagnosis should be confirmed considering both clinical and histological aspects. Some subsets are associated with immune-mediated thyroid dysfunction due to anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPO) and anti-thyroglobulin antibody (TGA).</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To ascertain the presence of thyroid autoantibodies in a cohort of patients with OLP and OLM from a South Indian population.</p><p><strong>Methods and materials: </strong>This observational study comprised 21 patients with 7 cases of OLP (Group I) and 14 cases of OLM (Group II) who reported from 2021-2023 for 2 years. Serum anti-thyroid antibodies including TPO and TGA was estimated using chemiluminescence immunoassay technique along with clinical and histological aspects. Altered levels of serological parameters were compared with respect to these auto-immune conditions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Increased level of thyroid autoantibodies was observed in three (42%) of the seven cases of OLP. Two cases had elevated TPO (3-4 folds) and TGA (6-38 folds) and the subjects were above 50 years. Seven (50%) of the 14 OLM cases exhibited increased thyroid autoantibody levels and were above 50 years, predominantly females. TPO levels were increased in the range of 12 to 178 and TGA from 2 to 136 folds. Duration of these lesions were more than a year.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Increased thyroid autoantibodies observed in both OLP and OLM represent an underlying autoimmune response. Long-term monitoring will enable the clinicians to correlate the antibody levels with the management of these lesions.</p>","PeriodicalId":38846,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology","volume":"28 4","pages":"549-554"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11819643/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143415745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liquid-based cytology in the diagnosis of oral pre-cancer, cancer, and other oral lesions - A narrative review.","authors":"Usha Hegde, Sreeshyla H Sheshanna, H P Jaishankar, R Shashidara","doi":"10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_332_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_332_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Though cytology is one of the most simple and economical diagnostic techniques, several disadvantages set it back as a good diagnostic tool. Liquid-based cytology (LBC) is an advanced diagnostic cytological technique that is being technically modified from conventional cytology to produce better sample preparation to aid in improved diagnosis. It produces a more representative sample of the specimen, with reduced obscuring background material which allows for faster and more reliable screening. Instead of being spread onto a glass slide and fixed, the samples are suspended in a vial of liquid preservative, processed to break the clot and remove the debris. The cell pellet is then placed onto the glass slide to obtain a thin monolayer of cells with a clean background. LBC is found to have several advantages against the conventional techniques. LBC has been researched in cervical cytology and has shown good sensitivity, specificity, improved sampling, and quality of smears. It has been adopted to study several oral lesions and has been found to be a reliable substitute for conventional smear. This article reviews LBC technique and its applications to oral diseases, in specific to oral cancer and pre-cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":38846,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology","volume":"28 4","pages":"535-543"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11819620/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143415777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The concept of dysplasia in the lining of odontogenic keratocyst: A case report and review of the literature.","authors":"Deepak Pandiar, Reshma Poothakulath Krishnan","doi":"10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_145_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_145_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) is an uncommon developmental cyst with a high recurrence rate. Epithelial dysplasia is a rarely recognized phenomenon in OKCs, with only a few acceptable cases reported in the literature. The exact pathogenesis of dysplastic changes in epithelial lining is difficult to explain, in the absence of molecular analyses. Here, we report a rare case of maxillary OKC with multiple cystic compartments displaying epithelial dysplasia in a 62-year-old man with immunohistochemical analyses and a comprehensive review of the literature. It may be prudent to believe that the aggressive behaviour in the epithelial lining of OKC is an inherent property of all OKCs, which is only dictated by the epithelium but is also determined by the stromal cells of the cyst wall; the dysplastic changes, however, could be resultant to chronic inflammatory reaction and inflammation-mediated carcinogenesis mechanism. It is recommended that the dysplastic features in the epithelial lining of all odontogenic cysts must be addressed in all pathology reports along with close clinical follow-up.</p>","PeriodicalId":38846,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology","volume":"28 4","pages":"701-704"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11819648/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143415059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}