Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of the immunohistochemical expression of DNA damage marker 8-OHdG in different histopathological grades of oral epithelial dysplasia.","authors":"Khadijah Mohideen, Krithika Chandrasekaran, Nadeem Jeddy, Sulaiman S Alqahtani, J Bhuvaneswarri, Mutaz Ali-Hassan","doi":"10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_170_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_170_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The present investigation assessed the advanced oxidative stress end product, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), in oral epithelial dysplasia using immunohistochemistry (IHC) on tissue samples.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study used tissue blocks from 40 patients with epithelial dysplasia. The diagnosis was confirmed by reviewing the hematoxylin-eosin slides. Normal mucosa tissue samples (n = 10) formed the control group. The intensity of immunohistochemical reactions was evaluated using light microscopy. The collected data were analyzed statistically using SPSS 26.0 to determine differences between the sample groups at a 5% significance level using Fisher's exact test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 40 leukoplakia with dysplasia samples examined, 5% showed high staining for 8-OHdG antigen, 25% had moderate staining, 37.5% had mild staining, and 43.33% showed no staining. Increased 8-OHdG antigen expression was found in dysplastic tissue samples (<i>P</i> < 0.001) compared to normal tissue samples. Of the mild dysplasia samples, 30% showed mild expression. The remaining 70% had negative 8-OHdG expression. Moderate dysplasia had 13.3% moderate expression, 60% mild expression, and 26.6% showed negative 8-OHdG expression. Of the severe dysplasia samples, 53.3% showed moderate expression, 20% showed mild expression, and 13.3% showed negative 8-OHdG staining. The 8-OHdG marker is intensely expressed in 13.3% of severe dysplasia samples. Compared to mild and moderate dysplasia tissue samples, severe dysplasia had higher 8-OHdG expression (<i>P</i> < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The current investigation suggests that detecting 8-OHdG in potentially malignant oral disorders may be a reliable diagnostic indicator of oxidative DNA degeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":38846,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology","volume":"30 2","pages":"251-257"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13450918/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148698083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of c-Myc in odontogenic cysts and tumours-An immunohistochemical study.","authors":"Soujanya Pinisetti, Nallagangula L Vinaya, Praveena Adusumilli, Suresh Babburi, Aparna Venigalla, Ajay Benarjee","doi":"10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_232_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_232_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess immunohistochemically the presence of c-Myc both qualitatively and quantitatively in odontogenic cysts and tumours and to correlate the results with biological behaviour of these lesions.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded blocks of odontogenic cysts and tumours were retrieved from institutional archives. The study sample size was 45 (<i>n</i> = 45), which included 10 cases of odontogenic keratocyst cyst (<i>n</i> = 10), five cases of radicular cyst (<i>n</i> = 5), five cases of dentigerous cyst (<i>n</i> = 5), and 10 cases of solid ameloblastoma of which five cases are follicular (<i>n</i> = 5) and five cases are plexiform (<i>n</i> = 5), 10 cases of Adenomatoid odontogenic tumour (<i>n</i> = 10) and five cases of unicystic ameloblastoma (<i>n</i> = 5). Sections were taken and stained immunohistochemically using c-Myc and evaluated both for quantitative and qualitative analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the current study, the mean number of c-Myc positive cells in the odontogenic tumours was highest in solid Ameloblastoma (78.6 ± 11.59), followed by Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (AOT) (75.30 ± 39.853) and least in unicystic ameloblastoma (56.6 ± 20.53). Among odontogenic cysts, the mean number of c-Myc positive cells was higher in Odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) (73.2 ± 17.937) compared to dentigerous cyst (28.0 ± 27.9) and radicular cysts (31.0 ± 31.7). The staining intensity varied in odontogenic cysts and tumours.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results and observations of the present study show that c-Myc plays a role in the aggressive biological behaviour of odontogenic lesions like ameloblastoma and OKC. So, it can be used as a proliferative marker. However, additional immunohistochemical and DNA assays are to be carried to determine the role of c-Myc oncogene and to know if any mutations may play a role in the pathogenesis of these odontogenic lesions.</p>","PeriodicalId":38846,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology","volume":"30 2","pages":"209-216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13450920/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148698125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consensus perspectives from the Dr D K Daftary symposium on oral submucous fibrosis: Unravelling the enigma conducted during the 30^th National Conference of Indian Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathologists.","authors":"Punnya V Angadi, Karishma Desai, Vinay Hazarey, Praveen Arany, Raghu Radhakrishnan, Pratibha Ramani, Rajiv Desai, Jay G Ray, Alka Kale","doi":"10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_47_26","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_47_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) continues to be a challenging condition characterised by increasing stiffness of the mucosa, restricted mouth opening, and a risk of malignant transformation. In light of the persistent debates, the absence of a standardised treatment protocol, and the necessity for a cohesive understanding to guide clinical practice and research, a dedicated symposium was held on 5 November 2023 during the 30^th National Conference of the Indian Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathologists. The aim was to evaluate the latest developments and establish a consensus on particular aspects of OSMF. Six experts, all from the specialty of Oral Pathology but with extensive and diverse research experience in various aspects of OSMF-including molecular mechanisms, histopathology, clinical correlations, emerging therapies, and public health perspectives-delivered presentations and answered focussed questions. The discussions were moderated by two accomplished academicians, who facilitated deliberations and guided the synthesis of consensus. Through thoughtful discussion, a consensus was reached regarding the pathogenesis, potential for malignancy, management strategies, exploration of photobiomodulation, EMT-based and regenerative therapies, and the strengthening public health measures. This report consolidates key deliberations and consensus recommendations from the symposium, aiming to provide a collaborative framework for future OSMF research and management.</p>","PeriodicalId":38846,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology","volume":"30 2","pages":"178-185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13450925/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148698131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative immunohistochemical expression of transforming growth factor beta one (TGF-β1) in oral epithelial dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma.","authors":"S Sowndarya, Maya Ramesh, Aarthisri Chandran, Vidya Srinidhi Sakthivel, Indra Priyadarshini, Jayabalan Ravi","doi":"10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_140_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_140_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is an ulceroproliferative lesion that can affect the oral mucosa, from the lips to the oropharynx. OSCC is initiated in part by precancerous disorders of the oral mucosa, particularly those associated with moderate to severe dysplasia. It is well known that, depending on the stage of carcinogenesis, transforming growth factor beta one (TGF-β1) can act as a tumour supporter or controller. The expression of TGF-β1 has been linked to the pathophysiology of numerous illnesses, such as fibrosis and cancer. High-risk metastasis to lymph nodes (cervical) and elevated risk of local invasiveness are the main features of OSCC. The present study aims to examine and compare the immuno-expression of TGF-β1 in oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) and OSCC.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To analyze and compare the IHC expression of TGF-β1 in OED and OSCC.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The current study was performed after approval from the Institutional Ethical Committee of VMSDC, Salem. The study sample size was determined to be 40, comprising archival blocks: 10 histopathologically confirmed cases of OED, and 30 histopathologically confirmed cases of various grades of OSCC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The expression of TGF-β1-labelled cells was higher in well-differentiated (Grade 1) OSCC followed by moderately differentiated (Grade 2) and poorly differentiated (Grade 3) OSCC, on comparing TGF-β1 expression and the total percentage of staining intensity between OSCC and OED. OSCC showed the highest expression and the staining intensity of TGF-β1. One-way ANOVA, Chi-square test, and independent <i>t</i>-test were among the statistical tests employed. The quantity of positive tumour cells and the staining intensity were noted. Arithmetic means and standard deviations were calculated for multiple values. The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) allowed for a correlation of the outcomes regarding immunoreactivity (total score). A <i>P</i> value that was greater than 0.05 was considered non-significant. For the comparison of TGF-β1 expression between the groups, an independent <i>t</i>-test was used.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The current study aimed to examine the expression of TGF-β1 by IHC between various OSCC grades and OED. TGF-β1 immunoexpression was seen to be increasing from OED to OSCC and was highest in well-differentiated tumours. Although the differences between OSCC grades were not statistically significant (<i>P</i> > 0.05), the overall higher expression in OSCC supports a potential role of TGF-β1 in tumour differentiation, angiogenesis and progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":38846,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology","volume":"30 2","pages":"202-208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13450934/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148698110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salivary assessment of X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 1 (XRCC1) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1<i>α</i>) as biomarkers of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) repair response and hypoxia in oral submucous fibrosis: An observational study.","authors":"Sakshi Arora, Jaya Joshi, Rutuja Patil, Arushi Chaure, Astha Pusame, Nimisha Subhash","doi":"10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_378_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_378_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the levels of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) repair under the hypoxic conditions of oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) using X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 1 (<i>XRCC1</i>) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (<i>HIF-1α</i>) in saliva samples.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted at Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Oral Microbiology, Government College of Dentistry, Indore, India. A total of 45 participants were divided into three groups that is, controls without any history of gutkha use, gutka chewers without oral lesions, and gutka chewers with OSMF. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test was performed to measure the expression of <i>XRCC1</i> and <i>HIF-1α</i> in saliva samples.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Salivary <i>XRCC1</i> levels were significantly higher in gutkha chewers without oral lesions compared to controls and OSMF patients (<i>P</i> = .023). Similarly, salivary <i>HIF-1α</i> levels were also significantly elevated in gutkha chewers without oral lesions compared to both controls and OSMF patients (<i>P</i> = .028). In addition, <i>post hoc</i> analysis confirmed that gutkha chewers without oral lesions and the two other participant groups differed significantly for both biomarkers. However, a statistically nonsignificant correlation was found between <i>XRCC1</i> and <i>HIF-1α</i>.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings showed higher expression of <i>XRCC1</i> and <i>HIF-1α</i> in gutkha chewers without lesions, indicating that early stress-induced DNA damage and hypoxia may activate cellular DNA repair machinery and the release of protective transcription factors as an adaptive response. However, the finding of down-regulation in OSMF suggests depletion of repair proteins and cellular tolerance to the damage that occurs with persistent stress exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":38846,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology","volume":"30 2","pages":"245-250"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13450923/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148697757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From the editor's desk.","authors":"P Jayanthi","doi":"10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_226_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_226_26","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38846,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology","volume":"30 2","pages":"177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13450931/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148698090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>AKT3</i> and α-SMA in oral submucous fibrosis and oral squamous cell carcinoma with concomitant oral submucous fibrosis as potential prognostic indicators.","authors":"Sonali Behera, Rachna Rath, Surya Narayan Das, Aishwarya Mohanty, Aakankshya Nanda, Sharmila Behera","doi":"10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_400_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_400_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) concomitant with oral submucous fibrosis (OSCC-OSMF) is a clinico-pathologically distinct entity. Myofibroblasts (MFs) and its differentiation plays pivotal role in tumour progression via cell cycle alterations, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), hypoxia, immunomodulatory disorders, oxidative injury and epigenetic modifications.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The present study evaluated immunohistochemical expression of <i>AKT3</i> and alpha-smooth muscle actin amongst, OSMF and OSCC-OSMF and correlated with related clinicopathological parameters.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>70 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples of histopathologically confirmed cases, including 10 NOM, 30 OSMF, and 30 OSCC-OSMF, were immunohistochemically stained with <i>AKT3</i> and (α-SMA) antibodies to quantify MFs and myofibroblastic cancer associated myofibroblasts (myCAFs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The percentage of α-SMA and <i>AKT3</i> positive cells was statistically significant within the OSMF and OSCC-OSMF study groups (<i>P</i> < 0.0001). A progressive increase in cytoplasmic expression of α-SMA and <i>AKT3</i> was observed from NOM to OSMF and OSCC-OSMF. A statistically significant correlation was found between the stages of OSMF and the clinical TNM stages of OSCC-OSMF.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Increased stromal expression of α-SMA and <i>AKT3</i> is associated with disease progression in OSMF and OSCC-OSMF. This is the first study to investigate <i>AKT-3</i> expression in OSMF and OSCC arising in OSMF, and these markers may serve as potential indicators of stromal activation and tumour progression, thereby warranting further longitudinal and functional investigations.</p>","PeriodicalId":38846,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology","volume":"30 2","pages":"186-193"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13450933/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148698052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CDKN2A alterations in oral squamous cell carcinoma: A systematic review of diagnostic and prognostic significance.","authors":"Sivakumar Gopalakrishnan, Vijayashree P Jayaseelan, Raghini Ramamurthi","doi":"10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_393_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_393_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains a significant global health burden with limited improvement in survival rates. CDKN2A, a tumour suppressor gene encoding the p16^INK4a protein, is frequently altered in OSCC through promoter methylation, gene deletion, or expression downregulation. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic value of CDKN2A alterations in OSCC. A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and EMBASE identified case-control studies published between 2015 and 2025. Only human tumour-normal comparative studies (including primary case-control and in silico comparative transcriptomic analyses) analyzing human-derived tissue or blood samples for CDKN2A alterations (methylation, expression, or copy number changes) and reporting clinical outcomes were included. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. No quantitative meta-analysis was performed due to heterogeneity in effect measures (hazard ratio [HR] vs odds ratio [OR]), alteration types/assays, and the limited number of studies reporting extractable survival data. Five case-control studies (≈500 participants) met eligibility criteria, spanning diverse regions, methods, and sample sizes. In four studies, CDKN2A disruption-via promoter methylation, copy-number loss, or reduced expression-aligned with worse endpoints (recurrence, metastasis, or survival), while one polymorphism-focused study was null. Because effect metrics were incompatible (HR vs OR), assays varied, and few studies reported extractable survival data, results could not be pooled. However, qualitative synthesis showed convergent adverse associations in four of five studies, with overall moderate-high quality on the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Unlike previous reviews that combined heterogeneous study designs, this analysis focused on human tumour-normal comparative studies (primary case-control and in silico analyses), providing a more direct evaluation of CDKN2A status in clinically matched populations. The findings confirm that CDKN2A alterations are strongly associated with poor prognosis in OSCC and highlight their value as one of the most consistent biomarkers for prognostic assessment. This case-control-focused appraisal offers unique evidence to guide risk stratification and supports further prospective validation.</p>","PeriodicalId":38846,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology","volume":"30 2","pages":"320-328"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13450915/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148698061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and characterization of stem cells in three different oral structures by immunohistochemistry. An <i>in vitro</i> study.","authors":"J Dharshini Devi, Kavitha Bottu, Ramya Sekar, J Logeswari","doi":"10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_116_26","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_116_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Stem cells are undifferentiated cells with the capacity for self-renewal and differentiation, playing a key role in tissue repair and regeneration.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The study aims to assess and compare the expression pattern of stem cell markers like CD44, CD34, and OCT4 in the gingival mucosa, palatal mucosa, and dental pulp from both permanent teeth and shedding primary teeth.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Sixty tissue samples were taken from the patients without any medical history undergoing standard dental operations. We performed immunohistochemical staining of CD44, CD34, and OCT4 antibodies in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections. The staining intensity and distribution were measured using a semiquantitative immunoreactive score. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) analysis was conducted to compare the levels of marker expression between various tissues.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis: </strong>Data were analysed using Microsoft Excel and IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences Statistics, with Chi-square and one-way ANOVA tests applied and <i>P</i> < 0.05 considered significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CD44 demonstrated strong positivity predominantly in the basal and suprabasal epithelial layers, with higher staining intensity observed in the palatal mucosa compared to other tissues. CD34 expression in dental pulp samples exhibited distinctive vascular-associated staining patterns, while gingival and palatal lamina propria showed prominent endothelial cell positivity. OCT4 expression was negative across all four tissue groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CD44 showed significant epithelial expression, its widespread distribution limits, and its specificity as a stem cell marker. CD34 proved reliable for identifying vascular components but may not represent all hematopoietic stem cells. The absence of OCT4 expression suggests tissue stability without evidence of pluripotent stem cell activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":38846,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology","volume":"30 2","pages":"270-279"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13450922/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148698100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New insights in submucous fibrosis: Nicotine dependence and nutritional assessment.","authors":"Rishabh Sachdeva, Aadithya B Urs, Priya Kumar, Bhawna Mahajan","doi":"10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_353_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_353_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Submucous fibrosis (SMF) is an oral potentially malignant disorder with a high risk of malignant transformation, primarily associated with areca nut use and tobacco consumption.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the correlation of nicotine dependence and nutritional status with disease severity in patients with SMF.</p><p><strong>Settings and design: </strong>This observational study was conducted among 70 SMF patients subdivided on clinical and histological classification.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Habit index was calculated and Nicotine dependence was measured using Fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence (FTND). Body mass index (BMI) and mid upper arm circumference (MUAC) was recorded. Haematological assessment, including serum iron, vitamin B_12, and folate levels was conducted. Malnutritional universal screening tool (MUST) was used to score the risk of malnutrition.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis: </strong>Chi-square, Pearson's correlation and Spearman's correlation tests were used for group comparisons of categorical, numerical, and ordinal data, respectively. Level of statistical significance was set at a <i>P</i> value less than 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results and conclusion: </strong>Clinical and histological staging showed a positive correlation with habit index and nicotine dependence (<i>P</i> value = 0.001). BMI, MUAC and serum iron levels showed inverse correlation with severity of the disease. MUST scores revealed increase (<i>P</i> value = 0.001) with advancing stages of SMF. FTND showed significant correlation with BMI, MUAC, MUST and serum iron values. Nicotine dependence and nutritional status are important indicators of the severity of the disease in patients with SMF. Routine assessment of these parameters' aids in the identification of high-risk groups and to plan a targeted treatment strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":38846,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology","volume":"30 2","pages":"239-244"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13450917/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148698069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}