Aquatic Toxicology最新文献

{"title":"BPA disrupts crustacean reproduction: Tissue-specific accumulation, oxidative stress, and gene dysregulation in Macrobrachium nipponense","authors":"Jintao Liu ,&nbsp;Ruijie Zhu ,&nbsp;Shuhao Wang ,&nbsp;Xinyuan Dai ,&nbsp;Anran Zou ,&nbsp;Fengjuan Jiang ,&nbsp;Shengming Sun ,&nbsp;Jiangtao Ou ,&nbsp;Weihong Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107538","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107538","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bisphenol A (BPA), a pervasive environmental endocrine disruptor, increasingly threatens aquatic ecosystems due to its reproductive toxicity. This study investigates how BPA disrupts ovarian development in <em>Macrobrachium nipponense</em> - by analyzing its tissue-specific bioaccumulation (ovaries, hepatopancreas, fertilized eggs), antioxidant responses, and developmental gene regulation. Experimental results demonstrated that after 10-day exposure to 10, 100, and 1000 μg/L BPA, significant BPA accumulation was observed in both ovaries and hepatopancreas, while fertilized eggs showed notable accumulation only at the highest concentration (1000 μg/L) (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The ovarian glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity displayed a concentration-dependent increase, contrasting with the inverse pattern observed in fertilized eggs. Gene expression analysis revealed that cytochrome P450 49A1 (<em>CYP49a1</em>) in both ovaries and hepatopancreas reached peak levels at the highest BPA concentration, whereas cathepsin D (<em>CTSD</em>) and catalase (<em>CAT</em>) expression peaked at the intermediate concentration (100 μg/L) in both tissues (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), while female sterile homeotic (<em>fsh</em>) in ovaries remained steady but significantly decreased in hepatopancreas upon BPA exposure (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). These results provide preliminary evidence that BPA may disrupt ovarian development in <em>M. nipponense</em> through interfering with antioxidant systems and altering the expression of key developmental genes, highlighting its potential endocrine-disrupting effects in this commercially important crustacean species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":248,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Toxicology","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 107538"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144830276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the solubility, chemical stability and ecotoxicology of an emerging non-halogenated flame retardant, melamine cyanurate, against a prevalent halogenated congener, tetrabromophthalic anhydride","authors":"N. Masud ,&nbsp;P. Hansal ,&nbsp;B.D. Ward ,&nbsp;J. Cable","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107537","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107537","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Concerns over plastic-associated chemical toxicity are increasing amid the plastic pollution crisis. Halogenated flame retardants, though effective in plastic development, are being phased out due to toxicity, while nitrogen-based alternatives, such as melamine cyanurate (MC), are considered more chemically stable and less toxic. Here, we assess the solubility and chemical stability of MC in freshwater using various solvents and evaluate degradation after UV exposure. Additionally, we compare the acute and chronic aquatic toxicity of MC to the more widespread halogenated flame retardant tetrabromophthalic anhydride (TBA) using the <em>Daphnia magna</em> invertebrate model. Toxicity of a common solvent, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), was also assessed. MC was insoluble in 16 of 18 tested solvents, with solubility only seen in a strong acid and base. UV exposure for 72 h within freshwater media indicated minimal degradation, classifying MC as a highly stable compound. Acute toxicity tests at 1–20 mg/L showed no significant difference in EC₅₀ values between TBA (0.16 - 11.46 mg/L) and MC (5.91 - 13.23 mg/L). Chronic toxicity tests at 0.5, 5, and 15 mg/L yielded NOEC values of ≤5 mg/L for TBA and &lt;5 mg/L for MC. At 15 mg/L, chronic exposure to TBA, MC, and DMSO resulted in 100% mortality in <em>D. magna</em>. These findings challenge the assumption that DMSO is a low-toxicity solvent in aquatic testing. Overall, the study highlights the difficulty in assessing the toxicity of highly stable flame retardants like MC, while indicating that they may exhibit similar aquatic toxicity as halogenated congeners.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":248,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Toxicology","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 107537"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144830277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intestinal microbiota and metabolomics reveal the intestinal damage caused by imidacloprid in loaches (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus)","authors":"Yingbing Su ,&nbsp;Yongxi Huang ,&nbsp;Pupu Yan ,&nbsp;Jiali Liu ,&nbsp;Man Liu ,&nbsp;Jun Zhu ,&nbsp;Yinuo Gong ,&nbsp;Haishan Chen ,&nbsp;Liwei Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107533","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107533","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aim of this research was to assess the presence of imidacloprid residues in aquatic environments and their impact on the intestinal health of loaches. The concentrations of imidacloprid examined were 146 μg/L, 73 μg/L, 36.5 μg/L, 18.25 μg/L, 9.125 μg/L, and 4.5625 μg/L. Following a 28-day exposure period, alterations were observed in the intestinal barrier, inflammatory damage, antioxidant levels, intestinal microbiota, metabolite groups, and target genes of the loach. The exposure to imidacloprid caused damage to the intestinal barrier, infiltration of inflammatory cells, and downregulation of Occludin and ZO-1 protein expression in the intestinal tissue of loaches, while concurrently inducing oxidative stress and inflammatory damage. Furthermore, imidacloprid was found to diminish the diversity of gut microbiota while increasing the abundance of harmful bacterial taxa, specifically <em>Proteobacteria</em> and <em>Aeromonas</em>, thereby disrupting microbiota functionality. Metabolomic analysis revealed a significant increase in the number of differentially expressed genes associated with both upregulated and downregulated metabolites following exposure to imidacloprid, with these metabolites demonstrating dose-dependent effects. Additionally, interactions between metabolites and imidacloprid were identified through the regulation of CA, HSP90, and HSP60. This study highlights the detrimental effects of imidacloprid on loaches even at non-lethal concentrations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":248,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Toxicology","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 107533"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144879708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurodevelopmental toxicity of black carbon in zebrafish: behavioral and metabolomic insights","authors":"Fanrui Yu ,&nbsp;Yanhua Liu ,&nbsp;Manting Li ,&nbsp;Yaqian Gao ,&nbsp;Leilei Lu ,&nbsp;Jianqiu Chen ,&nbsp;Ruixin Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107536","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107536","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Black carbon (BC), a combustion-derived particulate pollutant, is increasingly detected in aquatic ecosystems. While its respiratory and cardiovascular effects are well documented, its neurotoxicity in aquatic organisms remains poorly understood. In this study, zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos were exposed to environmentally relevant BC concentrations (0, 0.05, 0.5, and 5 mg/L) for 168 h. BC induced dose-dependent developmental toxicity, manifested as reduced body length and eye size, elevated heart rate, and morphological abnormalities. Behavioral assays revealed deficits in locomotion and phototaxis. Neurochemical analysis revealed concentration-dependent reductions in serotonin (5-HT) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Transgenic imaging indicated impaired neuronal and glial development in the embryos. Untargeted metabolomics revealed disruptions in multiple pathways, particularly glycine, serine, threonine, taurine, and hypotaurine metabolism, which correlated with behavioral changes. These findings provide the first integrative evidence that BC neurotoxicity involves both structural damage to the developing nervous system and broad metabolic disturbances. Our results highlight BC as a previously underrecognized neurotoxicant of ecological concern.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":248,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Toxicology","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 107536"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144852388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The exploration of chronic combined toxic mechanisms of environmental PFOA and polyethylene micro/nanoplastics on adult zebrafish (Danio rerio), using aquatic microcosm systems","authors":"Wei Wu ,&nbsp;Ruixuan Li ,&nbsp;Zhiqiang Zhang ,&nbsp;Gang Liu ,&nbsp;Yingxue Sun ,&nbsp;Chun Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107534","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107534","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the extent of environmental damage caused by plastic particles and emerging pollutants in aquaculture, particularly within recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) that rely on advanced water treatment technologies, is constrained by insufficient knowledge regarding the chronic combined toxicity of these contaminants on representative fish species under real environmental conditions. This study investigates the combined toxic effects of polyethylene microplastics (PE-MPs), polyethylene nanoplastics (PE-NPs), and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) on adult zebrafish at environmentally relevant concentrations in aquatic microcosm systems (AMS) simulating RAS exposure scenarios. The combined exposure to PE-MPs, PE-NPs, and PFOA exhibited time-dependent toxicity patterns: synergistic effects on zebrafish gills and liver after 7 days, followed by antagonistic interactions after 28 days of chronic exposure. MPs induced higher intestinal toxicity than NPs through mechanical damage and lipid peroxidation mechanisms. Both individual and combined exposures caused structural alterations in zebrafish intestines, with MPs provoking more severe villi atrophy and goblet cell reduction compared to NPs, while co-exposure exacerbated these pathological changes. Notably, PFOA triggered acetylcholine upregulation in intestinal and hepatic tissues, revealing stronger neurotoxic impacts than those observed in gill systems. Additionally, the co-exposure to MPs + PFOA and NPs + PFOA led to an increased abundance of Fusobacterium in zebrafish intestines, thereby enhancing their susceptibility to pathogenic infections. These findings highlight the complex temporal dynamics and tissue-specific risks of microplastic-PFOA interactions in closed aquaculture environments, providing critical insights for optimizing RAS water management strategies against emerging contaminant mixtures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":248,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Toxicology","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 107534"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144828225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of neonicotinoid and diamide-contaminated agricultural runoff on Lymnaea stagnalis: Insights into stress, neurotoxicity, and antioxidant response","authors":"Veronica Rivi ,&nbsp;Grace Pele ,&nbsp;Kate Yakubets ,&nbsp;Anuradha Batabyal ,&nbsp;Roberto Dominici ,&nbsp;Johanna Maria Catharina Blom ,&nbsp;Fabio Tascedda ,&nbsp;Cristina Benatti ,&nbsp;Ken Lukowiak","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107535","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107535","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Freshwater pollution from agrochemicals poses an increasing threat to aquatic ecosystems. Yet, the sublethal effects of such contaminants on cognition and neural function in non-target invertebrate species remain poorly understood. Using a field-collected source of pesticide-contaminated freshwater (Spirit Creek Pond water, SCW) and two <em>Lymnaea stagnalis</em> strains, one collected directly from Spirit Creek (SC strain) and another inbred laboratory strain (W strain), we address the core questions: (1) what are the transcriptional consequences of SCW exposure? (2) are these effects strain-specific? (3) does SCW impair higher-order configural learning (CL)? (4) and, if so, can cognitive function recover following a 14-day washout period in uncontaminated water? SCW exposure significantly altered the expression levels of stress-response and cholinergic receptors in a strain-dependent manner. In both strains, LymHSP70 and LymSOD1 were significantly upregulated during exposure and downregulated after washout, indicating acute stress with partial transcriptional recovery. In W-strain snails, LymGSR was uniquely and persistently upregulated post-washout, suggesting sustained oxidative imbalance. Moreover, W-strain snails exhibited significant upregulation of cholinergic receptor genes LymnAChR_G and LymnAChR_E during SCW exposure, followed by downregulation after washout, suggesting a reversible but lasting disruption in cholinergic signaling. Behaviorally, CL was abolished in both strains following SCW exposure, with no evidence of cognitive recovery after the washout period. These results demonstrate that exposure to environmentally relevant contaminants induces lasting neurobehavioral impairments and molecular dysregulation in <em>L. stagnalis</em>, with strain-specific differences in susceptibility and recovery. Our findings underscore the need for long-term ecological monitoring of freshwater neurotoxicants and their impacts on invertebrate neural health and cognition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":248,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Toxicology","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 107535"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144828006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Roles of bio-based microplastics in modulating the toxic effects of the herbicide metolachlor on the South American native species Palaemon argentinus: Single and co-exposure effects","authors":"Lidwina Bertrand ,&nbsp;Naomi Carolina Yacelga Villavicencio ,&nbsp;Guido Noé Rimondino ,&nbsp;María Florencia Gonzalez ,&nbsp;María Valeria Amé","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107532","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107532","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microplastics (MPs), including those from bio-based plastics (BBPs), are increasingly detected in aquatic ecosystems, raising concerns about their role in modifying pollutant toxicity. This study investigated environmentally relevant concentrations of polylactic acid microplastics (PLA-MPs) on the South American native shrimp <em>Palaemon argentinus</em>, evaluating single and co-exposure scenarios with metolachlor (MET) over a 7-day bioassay. Characterization of PLA-MPs revealed a fragment shape with typical PLA spectroscopic pattern and an elemental composition of &gt;80 % C and ∼15 % O. Both PLA-MPs and MET accumulated in the shrimp, causing oxidative stress, neurotoxicity, and tissue damage. Significant inhibition of acetylcholinesterase in shrimp exposed to PLA-MPs suggests impaired locomotion and behavior, which may affect population dynamics and ecosystem function. The MET adsorption on PLA-MPs was confirmed under tested conditions. The co-exposure increased MET prevalence in the cephalothorax, indicating the role of BBP particles as pesticide transporters in aquatic ecosystems. In addition, calculated bioaccumulation factors suggested a minimal trophic transfer of MET under the tested conditions. The integrated biomarker response revealed co-exposure stress levels intermediate between MET exposure and PLA-MPs treatment, suggesting partial antagonistic interactions. Reduced cytoplasmic MET bioavailability via PLA-MP adsorption was hypothesized as the underlying mechanism. These results indicate complex MP-chemical interactions, with possible antagonistic effects at the biochemical and tissue levels, and highlight the need for further research on the ecotoxicity of BBPs. Greater efforts are needed to elucidate the role of plastic additives in toxicity and the role of MPs in the bioaccumulation processes of pesticides. This would be useful to assess the environmental impact of BBPs and determine their viability as a sustainable alternative to conventional plastics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":248,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Toxicology","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 107532"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144810345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of an early exposure to 17α-ethynylestradiol on the physiology of the three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) under current and future climatic scenarios","authors":"Jimmy Devergne ,&nbsp;Arianna Servili ,&nbsp;Sylvain Jodet ,&nbsp;Titouan Brandicourt ,&nbsp;Christophe Lebigre ,&nbsp;Sophie Collet ,&nbsp;Olivier Mouchel ,&nbsp;Marie Lou Fleury ,&nbsp;Sabine Roussel ,&nbsp;Véronique Loizeau","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107528","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107528","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ocean warming and acidification are climate change related drivers that impact the physiology of marine organisms and their ability to cope with future environments. Marine ecosystems are also facing pollution from an ever-growing diversity of chemical contaminants, including endocrine disruptors. A common example is the 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2), which can affect the endocrine regulation of fish and hence potentially impact their fitness. Thus, fish have to cope to multiple climatic and chemical stresses that can interact, influencing the overall impact on fish physiology. In this study, we investigated whether the direct and carry-over effect of early exposure to EE2 (15 ng.L⁻¹; one month during embryo-larval development) are modulated by the RCP8.5 scenario (+3°C; -0.4 pH unit). Five months post-contamination, we measured survival, growth and reproductive axis of prepubertal sticklebacks. Our findings revealed that the survival of juveniles, when exposed to EE2 during early development, is reduced under Current but not RCP8.5 scenario. Furthermore, under RCP8.5-EE2, a significantly lower body length was observed. Sex and tissue specific responses in terms of the expression profiles of genes related to development and sexual maturation was reported. Interestingly, significant interaction between RCP8.5 and EE2 was observed for the expression of ovarian aromatase (<em>cyp19a1a</em>), suggesting a long-lasting estrogenic effect under RCP8.5 scenario. Additionally, the skewed sex ratios and the presence of intersex individuals in both scenarios early exposed to EE2 suggested a feminization due to EE2, which could potentially disrupt sexual maturation and future reproduction. Hence, the early EE2 exposure had carry-over physiological effects on sticklebacks, and these effects can be modulated by the climate scenario. This underscores the importance of conducting long-term multi-stress studies to comprehensively understand the vulnerability on fish populations in future environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":248,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Toxicology","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 107528"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144830278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The currently knowledge on toxicity of TiO2 nanoparticles in microalgae: A systematic review","authors":"Bruna Jesuino Baltar ,&nbsp;Julia Tavares Vieira ,&nbsp;Rodrigo Ornellas Meire ,&nbsp;Natasha Midori Suguihiro ,&nbsp;Silas Pessini Rodrigues","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107530","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107530","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanoparticles (NPs) are widely applied across various industries and research fields, raising growing concerns regarding their potential as environmental pollutants. This work presents a systematic review of the toxicity of TiO₂ NPs to microalgae, providing a critical synthesis of current findings and identifying key gaps to guide future research. The analysis reveals that numerous variables associated with growth inhibition assays—such as NPs characteristics and experimental conditions—substantially influence toxicity outcomes, complicating direct comparisons across studies. The primary mechanism underlying TiO₂ NPs toxicity is the generation of oxidative stress, mainly driven by their photocatalytic activity. Furthermore, smaller NPs and those with a higher proportion of anatase exhibit markedly greater toxicity compared to larger particles or those dominated by the rutile phase. These findings highlight the urgent need for standardized methodologies and detailed reporting of experimental protocols. Future studies should carefully consider the limitations of each analytical approach, particularly regarding potential interferences caused by NPs, and ensure that the selected methods align with the intended ecological relevance of the toxicity assessment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":248,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Toxicology","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 107530"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144890095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic PFAS exposure induces the activation of selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidases and catalase as antioxidant defences in the European chub (Squalius cephalus) (Linnaeus, 1758) kidney","authors":"Sara Pacchini ,&nbsp;Giacomo Vanzan ,&nbsp;Elisabetta Piva ,&nbsp;Sophia Schumann ,&nbsp;Martina Cortese ,&nbsp;Laura Drago ,&nbsp;Shaghayegh Kholdihaghighi ,&nbsp;Chiara Fogliano ,&nbsp;Daniela Bertotto ,&nbsp;Andrea Bottacin-Busolin ,&nbsp;Paola Irato ,&nbsp;Andrea Marion ,&nbsp;Gianfranco Santovito","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107524","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107524","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Veneto Region (Italy) experienced one of the heaviest contaminations by per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), pollutants of emerging concern due to their environmental persistence and bioaccumulation potential in animal tissues. Hence, there is a need to study their impact on freshwater fish inhabiting contaminated rivers, particularly at the level of the antioxidant system, since PFAS are known to cause an imbalance in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, thereby increasing the risk of oxidative stress. This study examines the physiological responses triggered by chronic exposure to three distinct environmental concentrations of PFAS in the European chub (<em>Squalius cephalus</em>). The sites were classified as “control” (with a PFAS concentration &lt; 5 ng/L), “low polluted” (5.64 ng/L) and “highly polluted” (582.6 ng/L). Biochemical and molecular analyses were performed on the kidney, one of the main organs for xenobiotic bioaccumulation. The catalase (CAT) and selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidases (Se-GPXs) expression was quantified at both active protein and mRNA transcript levels. Results confirm the activation of antioxidant defences against the risk of PFAS-induced oxidative stress. There is a differential induction in the biosynthesis of enzymes inside specific intracellular compartments: CAT in peroxisomes in the “low polluted” site and Se-GPXs in the cytoplasm in the “highly polluted” one. The gene <em>gpx1</em> was the only isoform whose mRNA level corresponded to that of the active protein, suggesting the highest contribution to the biosynthesis of Se-GPXs at high PFAS concentrations. Conversely, <em>gpx4</em> increased its transcription level in the “low polluted” site, which didn’t match with an increase in protein content, leading us to hypothesise an involvement of specific cytoplasmic mRNA-protein complexes, called stress granules, acting in the temporary silencing of <em>gpx4</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":248,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Toxicology","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 107524"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144771547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}