Veronica Rivi , Grace Pele , Kate Yakubets , Anuradha Batabyal , Roberto Dominici , Johanna Maria Catharina Blom , Fabio Tascedda , Cristina Benatti , Ken Lukowiak
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(4) and, if so, can cognitive function recover following a 14-day washout period in uncontaminated water? SCW exposure significantly altered the expression levels of stress-response and cholinergic receptors in a strain-dependent manner. In both strains, LymHSP70 and LymSOD1 were significantly upregulated during exposure and downregulated after washout, indicating acute stress with partial transcriptional recovery. In W-strain snails, LymGSR was uniquely and persistently upregulated post-washout, suggesting sustained oxidative imbalance. Moreover, W-strain snails exhibited significant upregulation of cholinergic receptor genes LymnAChR_G and LymnAChR_E during SCW exposure, followed by downregulation after washout, suggesting a reversible but lasting disruption in cholinergic signaling. Behaviorally, CL was abolished in both strains following SCW exposure, with no evidence of cognitive recovery after the washout period. These results demonstrate that exposure to environmentally relevant contaminants induces lasting neurobehavioral impairments and molecular dysregulation in <em>L. stagnalis</em>, with strain-specific differences in susceptibility and recovery. Our findings underscore the need for long-term ecological monitoring of freshwater neurotoxicants and their impacts on invertebrate neural health and cognition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":248,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Toxicology","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 107535"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3000,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Effects of neonicotinoid and diamide-contaminated agricultural runoff on Lymnaea stagnalis: Insights into stress, neurotoxicity, and antioxidant response\",\"authors\":\"Veronica Rivi , Grace Pele , Kate Yakubets , Anuradha Batabyal , Roberto Dominici , Johanna Maria Catharina Blom , Fabio Tascedda , Cristina Benatti , Ken Lukowiak\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107535\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><div>Freshwater pollution from agrochemicals poses an increasing threat to aquatic ecosystems. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
农用化学品造成的淡水污染对水生生态系统构成越来越大的威胁。然而,这些污染物对非目标无脊椎动物物种的认知和神经功能的亚致死效应仍然知之甚少。利用现场采集的农药污染淡水(Spirit Creek Pond water, SCW)和两种lynaea pestilalis菌株,一种直接采集自Spirit Creek (SC株),另一种近交实验室菌株(W株),我们解决了核心问题:(1)SCW暴露的转录后果是什么?(2)这些效应是菌株特异性的吗?(3) SCW是否影响高阶构形学习?(4)如果可以,在未受污染的水中经过14天的冲洗期后,认知功能是否可以恢复?SCW暴露显著改变应激反应和胆碱能受体的表达水平,并呈菌株依赖性。在这两个菌株中,淋巴sp70和淋巴sod1在暴露期间显著上调,水洗后下调,表明急性应激导致部分转录恢复。在w -品系蜗牛中,淋巴gsr在冲洗后独特且持续上调,表明持续的氧化失衡。此外,w -品系蜗牛胆碱能受体基因lynachr_g和lynachr_e在SCW暴露期间显著上调,水洗后下调,表明胆碱能信号通路受到可逆但持续的破坏。在行为学上,两种小鼠暴露于SCW后,CL被消除,洗脱期后没有认知恢复的证据。这些结果表明,暴露于环境相关污染物会导致停滞乳杆菌持久的神经行为障碍和分子失调,并且在易感性和恢复方面存在菌株特异性差异。我们的研究结果强调了对淡水神经毒物及其对无脊椎动物神经健康和认知的影响进行长期生态监测的必要性。
Effects of neonicotinoid and diamide-contaminated agricultural runoff on Lymnaea stagnalis: Insights into stress, neurotoxicity, and antioxidant response
Freshwater pollution from agrochemicals poses an increasing threat to aquatic ecosystems. Yet, the sublethal effects of such contaminants on cognition and neural function in non-target invertebrate species remain poorly understood. Using a field-collected source of pesticide-contaminated freshwater (Spirit Creek Pond water, SCW) and two Lymnaea stagnalis strains, one collected directly from Spirit Creek (SC strain) and another inbred laboratory strain (W strain), we address the core questions: (1) what are the transcriptional consequences of SCW exposure? (2) are these effects strain-specific? (3) does SCW impair higher-order configural learning (CL)? (4) and, if so, can cognitive function recover following a 14-day washout period in uncontaminated water? SCW exposure significantly altered the expression levels of stress-response and cholinergic receptors in a strain-dependent manner. In both strains, LymHSP70 and LymSOD1 were significantly upregulated during exposure and downregulated after washout, indicating acute stress with partial transcriptional recovery. In W-strain snails, LymGSR was uniquely and persistently upregulated post-washout, suggesting sustained oxidative imbalance. Moreover, W-strain snails exhibited significant upregulation of cholinergic receptor genes LymnAChR_G and LymnAChR_E during SCW exposure, followed by downregulation after washout, suggesting a reversible but lasting disruption in cholinergic signaling. Behaviorally, CL was abolished in both strains following SCW exposure, with no evidence of cognitive recovery after the washout period. These results demonstrate that exposure to environmentally relevant contaminants induces lasting neurobehavioral impairments and molecular dysregulation in L. stagnalis, with strain-specific differences in susceptibility and recovery. Our findings underscore the need for long-term ecological monitoring of freshwater neurotoxicants and their impacts on invertebrate neural health and cognition.
期刊介绍:
Aquatic Toxicology publishes significant contributions that increase the understanding of the impact of harmful substances (including natural and synthetic chemicals) on aquatic organisms and ecosystems.
Aquatic Toxicology considers both laboratory and field studies with a focus on marine/ freshwater environments. We strive to attract high quality original scientific papers, critical reviews and expert opinion papers in the following areas: Effects of harmful substances on molecular, cellular, sub-organismal, organismal, population, community, and ecosystem level; Toxic Mechanisms; Genetic disturbances, transgenerational effects, behavioral and adaptive responses; Impacts of harmful substances on structure, function of and services provided by aquatic ecosystems; Mixture toxicity assessment; Statistical approaches to predict exposure to and hazards of contaminants
The journal also considers manuscripts in other areas, such as the development of innovative concepts, approaches, and methodologies, which promote the wider application of toxicological datasets to the protection of aquatic environments and inform ecological risk assessments and decision making by relevant authorities.