Aquatic Toxicology最新文献

{"title":"Chronic PFAS exposure induces the activation of selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidases and catalase as antioxidant defences in the European chub (Squalius cephalus) (Linnaeus, 1758) kidney","authors":"Sara Pacchini ,&nbsp;Giacomo Vanzan ,&nbsp;Elisabetta Piva ,&nbsp;Sophia Schumann ,&nbsp;Martina Cortese ,&nbsp;Laura Drago ,&nbsp;Shaghayegh Kholdihaghighi ,&nbsp;Chiara Fogliano ,&nbsp;Daniela Bertotto ,&nbsp;Andrea Bottacin-Busolin ,&nbsp;Paola Irato ,&nbsp;Andrea Marion ,&nbsp;Gianfranco Santovito","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107524","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107524","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Veneto Region (Italy) experienced one of the heaviest contaminations by per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), pollutants of emerging concern due to their environmental persistence and bioaccumulation potential in animal tissues. Hence, there is a need to study their impact on freshwater fish inhabiting contaminated rivers, particularly at the level of the antioxidant system, since PFAS are known to cause an imbalance in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, thereby increasing the risk of oxidative stress. This study examines the physiological responses triggered by chronic exposure to three distinct environmental concentrations of PFAS in the European chub (<em>Squalius cephalus</em>). The sites were classified as “control” (with a PFAS concentration &lt; 5 ng/L), “low polluted” (5.64 ng/L) and “highly polluted” (582.6 ng/L). Biochemical and molecular analyses were performed on the kidney, one of the main organs for xenobiotic bioaccumulation. The catalase (CAT) and selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidases (Se-GPXs) expression was quantified at both active protein and mRNA transcript levels. Results confirm the activation of antioxidant defences against the risk of PFAS-induced oxidative stress. There is a differential induction in the biosynthesis of enzymes inside specific intracellular compartments: CAT in peroxisomes in the “low polluted” site and Se-GPXs in the cytoplasm in the “highly polluted” one. The gene <em>gpx1</em> was the only isoform whose mRNA level corresponded to that of the active protein, suggesting the highest contribution to the biosynthesis of Se-GPXs at high PFAS concentrations. Conversely, <em>gpx4</em> increased its transcription level in the “low polluted” site, which didn’t match with an increase in protein content, leading us to hypothesise an involvement of specific cytoplasmic mRNA-protein complexes, called stress granules, acting in the temporary silencing of <em>gpx4</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":248,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Toxicology","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 107524"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144771547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of post-biotics-enriched diet on the antioxidant capacity in Mytilus galloprovincialis exposed to Cu2O","authors":"Angela Maione ,&nbsp;Marianna Imparato ,&nbsp;Antonietta Siciliano ,&nbsp;Valeria Maselli ,&nbsp;Tania Russo ,&nbsp;Mariangela Norcia ,&nbsp;Marco Guida ,&nbsp;Daniel Mark Lyons ,&nbsp;Emilia Galdiero","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107514","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107514","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the effects of copper (I) oxide (Cu₂O) nanoparticle exposure on <em>Mytilus galloprovincialis</em> gills and the modulation of oxidative stress by a diet enriched with a postbiotic derived from kefir microorganisms. Postbiotics, which include components such as proteins, lipopolysaccharides, and short-chain fatty acids, have shown biological benefits, including enhancing gut health and modulating immunity. They are known for their antioxidant properties, which can counteract oxidative stress by scavenging free radicals, making them useful in both human and animal health. Mussels were exposed to 2 mg L^-1 of Cu₂O nanoparticles for three days. Nanoparticle characterization showed rapid agglomeration in seawater, with hydrodynamic diameters increasing from 76 ± 11 nm to 529 ± 75 nm within 24–48 h. Biochemical analyses revealed a significant increase in catalase (CAT) activity in mussels exposed to Cu₂O nanoparticles (G1⁺ group; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.0001), which was not observed in mussels exposed to Cu₂O nanoparticles after feeding with postbiotics (G2⁺ group); indicating the postbiotic's protective role. Glutathione reductase (GR) activity was significantly reduced in the G1⁺ group (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01), but maintained at control levels in the G2⁺ group. While glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity decreased in both exposed groups, the reduction was notably less pronounced in the G2⁺ group compared to G1⁺, suggesting mitigation of the pollutant's adverse effects on the GST-mediated detoxification pathway. A strong negative correlation was observed between CAT and GST (and to a lesser extent GR), indicating that Cu₂O exposure at the tested concentrations can overburden glutathione defense pathways despite robust CAT activity. These results highlight the potential of postbiotics from kefir microorganisms as effective feed additives in mussel aquaculture to enhance resilience against environmental pollutants and mitigate oxidative stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":248,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Toxicology","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 107514"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144764034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The industrial biocide benzisothiazolinone impairs pathogen resistance in larval zebrafish by inducing microbiota dysbiosis","authors":"Meiping Guo ,&nbsp;Yue Wang ,&nbsp;Yang Yang ,&nbsp;Lei Shao ,&nbsp;Shuhui Wei ,&nbsp;Liqiang Yang ,&nbsp;Pengfei Cui ,&nbsp;Shaoguo Ru ,&nbsp;Xiaona Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107519","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107519","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Benzisothiazolinone (BIT), a most widely-used isothiazolinone biocide, has been detected in water environments, posing risks to aquatic ecosystems. However, toxicological studies of BIT in aquatic organisms are still limited. This study exposed zebrafish embryos to 0, 1, 10, 100, and 1000 μg/L BIT for 14 days, and investigated the effect of BIT on the innate immune function of larval fish. 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that BIT exposure reduced microbial diversity and richness, while increased pathogenic genera like <em>Plesiomonas</em> and <em>Acinetobacter</em> in larval fish. Then, the intestinal structure and gut barrier function were impaired, and the elevated lipopolysaccharides levels activated the Toll-like receptor signaling pathway and triggered a pro-inflammatory innate immune response in zebrafish. The ability of zebrafish to resist pathogen infection was further impaired, as indicated by a failed recruitment of macrophages in the intestinal area after <em>Escherichia coli</em> infection. Whereas, dietary administration of probiotic <em>Lactobacillus rhamnosus</em> ameliorated the immunotoxicity of BIT, and restored the zebrafish larvae’ immunity against pathogens. These findings elucidated the adverse effect of BIT on the innate immune function of larval zebrafish from the perspective of intestinal health and microbial disruption, and also provided insights into probiotic-based strategies for mitigating isothiazolinone biocides toxicity in aquatic organisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":248,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Toxicology","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 107519"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144749465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The masking phenomenon of Per-/Polyfluoroalkyl substances on oxidative stress damage in Hydrilla verticillata under microplastic stress","authors":"Gaolei Ding ,&nbsp;Wenwen Wang ,&nbsp;Xinao Li ,&nbsp;Yu Li","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107518","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107518","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microplastics (MPs) and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are emerging aquatic pollutants characterized by toxicity, persistence, bioaccumulation, and resistance to degradation. Studies have found that MPs mask the oxidative stress damage of the PFASs on <em>Hydrilla verticillata</em>. Therefore, a grading evaluation system for the toxicological effect indicators of oxidative stress damage to <em>Hydrilla verticillata</em> under single and combined exposure to PFASs/PS-MPs, and a priority control list was developed in this study. The outcomes indicated &gt;70 % of PFASs induced oxidative stress damage in <em>Hydrilla verticillata</em> under complex exposure to PS-MPs showed significant antagonistic contribution (antagonistic rate of 28.47 %). The carbon chain length and functional groups of PFASs were the main factors that affect the oxidative stress damage. Furthermore, results showed that the oxidative stress damage induced by PFASs/PS-MPs was most pronounced along the electron transport chain damage pathway. According to the priority control list established, two types of PFASs (i.e., GenX and PFBS) were found to have a higher masking risk. This is the first theoretical study to reveal the oxidative stress damage to <em>Hydrilla verticillata</em> caused by single exposure to PFASs and combined exposure to PFASs/PS-MPs, providing valuable reference and guidance for regulating the combined risk of pollutants to aquatic ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":248,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Toxicology","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 107518"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144757469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rhodamine-B induces amyotrophic lateral sclerosis symptoms like -behaviours in zebrafish","authors":"Subaraja Mamangam ,&nbsp;James Michael Brimson","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107515","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107515","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rhodamine B (RhB), often misused as a food adulterant, accumulates in the brain, causing oxidative stress and neurodegeneration. However, its detrimental effects on molecular mechanisms still require further investigation. The zebrafish is a model organism for studying neurodegeneration and neuropathology. We aimed to investigate the impacts of RhB on neuro-molecular and behaviours in Adult male zebrafish. Zebrafish were exposed to varying RhB concentrations of 0.25, 0.5, 1.0 μM and Rotenone (RoT) of 0.5 μM for 21 days. Behavioural assessments, including the mirror test, shoal preference test, T-maze and Y-maze tests, and novel tank test, were conducted to evaluate the impact of RhB on zebrafish behaviour. Furthermore, biochemical, neurochemical, and histopathological changes in the zebrafish brains were analysed. The neuronal behaviour patterns, such as reduced anxiety-like behaviour, time spent near or interacting with the mirror image, and cognitive dysfunction, were significantly affected by RhB in a time-dose-dependent manner when compared to those of control zebrafish. The glutathione reductase, catalase, lipid peroxidation, and reactive oxygen species levels were significantly increased, and acetylcholinesterase, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, butyrylcholinesterase, serotonin, dopamine, and monoamine oxidase A and B were significantly reduced when exposed to RhB, when compared to those of control zebrafish. The <em>C9orf72, btg2, fus, cfos, vgf, drd1b, npas4a, egr1, pax6a, vgf, ubb, atxn2, ier2a, tradbpa, tuba812</em> and <em>grin1a mRNA</em> levels were significantly upregulated. At the same time, <em>sod1, bdnf, gabra1,</em> and <em>gabra2a</em> were significantly down-regulated in the brain of RhB-exposed zebrafish compared to the control fish. These results suggested that RhB exposure can induce neurodegeneration in zebrafish mimicking Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":248,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Toxicology","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 107515"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144757471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nrf2 signaling pathway activation through Keap1-dependent and -independent mechanisms in response to acute benzo[a]pyrene exposure in Mytilus coruscus","authors":"Yu Chen ,&nbsp;Li Zhu ,&nbsp;Yingying Ye ,&nbsp;Mingshan Song ,&nbsp;Weifeng Wang ,&nbsp;Bing Shen ,&nbsp;Baoying Guo ,&nbsp;Xiaojun Yan ,&nbsp;Pengzhi Qi","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107513","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107513","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The presence of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), a highly lipophilic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), in aquatic environments poses significant threats to marine organisms. Despite the established role of the Nrf2-Keap1 signaling pathway in mitigating oxidative stress, the specific mechanisms underlying Nrf2 activation in response to BaP exposure in marine bivalves remain unclear. Herein, we explored the dual activation mechanisms of the Nrf2 pathway in <em>Mytilus coruscus</em> through both in vivo and in vitro experiments under 50 μg/L and 16 μM BaP exposure respectively. Then, we examined the variation of key genes associated with Nrf2-Keap1 signaling pathway and antioxidant response element (ARE) after Keap1 knockdown. The results showed that BaP exposure significantly upregulated McNrf2 expression, which was further enhanced by Keap1 knockdown. Additionally, we identified a Keap1-independent mechanism involving Protein Kinase C (PKC) and glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β), where PKC knockdown reduced Nrf2 expression and antioxidant defenses, whereas GSK-3β knockdown increased Nrf2 activity. These findings indicate that Nrf2 activation through both Keap1-dependent and -independent pathways plays a critical role in enhancing antioxidant enzyme activities, reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and increasing total antioxidant capacity in <em>M. coruscus</em> exposed to BaP. Our study fills an important gap in understanding Nrf2 signaling in marine bivalves, with broader significance for elucidating the adaptive mechanisms employed by aquatic organisms against environmental pollutants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":248,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Toxicology","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 107513"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144721721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tissue concentration, mortality, and response of subcellular biomarkers in Dreissena polymorpha exposed to nickel: absence of dose-response relationships for biomarkers despite dose-dependent toxicity","authors":"Manon Bain ,&nbsp;Sandrine Pain-Devin ,&nbsp;Bénédicte Sohm ,&nbsp;Chloé De Vernisy ,&nbsp;Simon Devin","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107517","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107517","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biomarkers are biological responses that inform about stress or toxic effects on sentinel species and they are widely used in environmental monitoring. However, interpreting many biomarkers remains a challenge at present, before we can move towards codifying their responses in terms of environmental quality. The aim of our study was to bring a better perspective to this scientific issue by defining threshold values based on subcellular biochemical response, that would enable to conclude on the health of the entire organism. To define such threshold values, we tried to establish dose-response relationships between biomarker responses and increasing concentrations of a well-known contaminant. <em>Dreissena polymorpha</em> was exposed to between 6 and 20 concentrations of nickel in order to identify potential dose-response relationships. A set of 10 biomarkers representative of antioxidant and antitoxic defences (SOD, GPx, GST, TAC), energetic metabolism (ETS, LDH) and cellular damage (LOOH, CSP3) were measured, as well as internal nickel concentrations. The experiment was conducted at three different periods in May 2023, in July 2023 and in January 2024 to consider the seasonal effect and it was performed with mussels originating from two different populations to see if the results were repeatable. Surprisingly, whatever the season and whatever the population, no dose-response relationship was found for the biomarkers measured, despite a dose-dependent increase in mortality and tissue concentrations. There was a high inter-individual variability both in control and exposure treatments, making it impossible to decipher a specific response pattern. These results did not enable threshold values to be defined as initially planned, since it seems that each mussel finds its own way of dealing with contaminant-induced stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":248,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Toxicology","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 107517"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144749476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lipid-Rich diet protects aquatic vertebrates by reducing polystyrene nanoparticles deposition and alleviating harmful effects from exposure","authors":"Boryeong Pak ,&nbsp;Orjin Han ,&nbsp;Sera Oh ,&nbsp;Heewon Cho ,&nbsp;Minjung Kim ,&nbsp;Gwanyeob Lee ,&nbsp;Ji Hwan Park ,&nbsp;Zee Yong Park ,&nbsp;Tae-Young Kim ,&nbsp;Suk-Won Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107516","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107516","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanoplastics (NPs), formed by the disintegration of larger plastic particles, are one of the most widespread pollutants and impose significant environmental threats. While the physiological effects of NP exposure have been extensively analyzed, how the metabolism of an affected individual modulates the manifestation of deleterious effects of NP exposure has not been comprehensively analyzed. In this report, we showed that NPs are selectively deposited within a small segment of the alimentary canal and lead to alteration of the transcriptomic landscape using the zebrafish model. In particular, genes associated with immune responses and lipid metabolism were significantly changed upon NP exposure. Importantly, lipid-rich diets significantly reduced the intestinal NP accumulation and partially restored global transcriptomic profiles altered by NP exposure. Lipid-rich diets also ameliorated NP-induced immune activation. Therefore, our data imply a previously underappreciated correlation between dietary composition and NP deposition, highlighting manipulating dietary composition as a potential strategy to mitigate the biological impacts on NP pollution in aquatic organisms. Our data suggest that optimizing dietary lipid content may help reduce the risk associated with long-term exposure to NPs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":248,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Toxicology","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 107516"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144711910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microplastic toxicity in aquatic organisms across phylogeny","authors":"Nilanjan Hari Chatterjee,&nbsp;Sourav Das,&nbsp;Abhigyan Choudhury,&nbsp;Sajal Ray","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107501","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107501","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microplastic (MP) contamination of aquatic ecosystem had been escalated several folds and became concerning for the inhabiting organisms. Their accumulation in aquatic biota, ranging from lower invertebrates to higher vertebrates, underscores the severity of their toxicological impact and raises critical concerns for ecosystem health. Many of the researchers concentrated on assessment of MP distribution across environmental compartments and analysis of the physicochemical characteristics and their bioaccumulation in freshwater and marine species. Current review provides a comprehensive information on toxicological outcomes across various aquatic phyla exposed to MP polymers. This review collates evidence from diverse studies documenting MP-induced toxic responses, such as genotoxicity, reproductive toxicity, behavioural alterations and oxidative stress in different aquatic metazoans. Additionally, it highlights the role of MPs as vectors of xenobiotics and harmful pathogenic microorganisms, further amplifying their toxic potential on aquatic biota. Reports of physiological toxicity of MPs were reviewed phylogenetically including the extant invertebrates, protochordates and chordates. Our review is the first cross-phylum assessment of MP toxicity. We analysed pollutant vector effects on organisms including invertebrates and vertebrates. Cross species comparisons were made in relation to the perspectives of evolutionary toxicology. This review presents an indepth report of MP toxicity across phylogeny. Whereas, the previous reviews center around single phylum. This review would provide a rich and holistic information base of MP toxicity in the organisms of aquatic ecosystem.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":248,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Toxicology","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 107501"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144664914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interactive effects of nitrite and bifenthrin on bioaccumulation, oxidative stress and immune responses of Haliotis discus hannai","authors":"Hao Chen ,&nbsp;Guiqing Wu ,&nbsp;Chunli Jiao ,&nbsp;Lizhu Chen ,&nbsp;Chunxiao Sun ,&nbsp;Xinze Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiao Wei ,&nbsp;Xueping Wu ,&nbsp;Dinglong Yang ,&nbsp;Jianmin Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107512","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107512","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nitrite (NO₂⁻) and bifenthrin (BF), common environmental pollutant, have been proven to perform toxic effects on marine organisms. To have a better understanding of their effects on marine organism, <em>Haliotis discus hannai</em> was exposed to 0.1 mg/L NO₂⁻ and/or 10 μg/L BF for 28 days. The results showed that the gills in direct contact with the water environment exhibited the highest levels of BF bioaccumulation (89.37–142.36 μg/kg), especially after NO₂⁻ exposure (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Transcriptome analysis of gills showed that significant enrichments were observed in metabolic, signaling and immune pathways after exposure, such as cGMP-PKG signaling pathway. Additionally, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was decreased in gills after exposure to NO₂⁻ and/or BF, parallel with the increase in catalase (CAT) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and total antioxidant capacity (AOC). Regarding genes related to immune, the expression of <em>Defensin</em> was significantly decreased while the expressions of B-cell lymphoma-2 (<em>Bcl-2</em>), Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (<em>TNF-α</em>) and <em>Caspase3</em> were increased. These results suggested that NO₂⁻ and BF exposure disrupted metabolic processes, impaired immune function, and dysregulated antioxidant defenses in the gills of abalone. Particularly, significant alterations were observed under the combined stress of NO₂⁻ and BF. In hemocytes, the ROS production could be induced by NO₂⁻ and/or BF stress, and the number of hemocytes and phagocytosis decreased significantly, especially in NO₂⁻ and BF groups. Integrated biomarker response (IBR) analysis proved that NO₂⁻ and/or BF exposure detrimentally affected the overall fitness of abalone, and combined NO₂⁻ and BF stress was the most stressful condition. This study emphasizes the impact of NO₂⁻ and/or BF on the abalone to better elucidate the risk of environmental pollution on abalone.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":248,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Toxicology","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 107512"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144664721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}