Aquatic Toxicology最新文献

{"title":"Effects of ammonia on the survival and physiology of juveniles and adults of Macrobrachium acanthurus (Caridea: Palaemonidae)","authors":"Esthephany K.S. Miranda ,&nbsp;Daniela P. Garçon ,&nbsp;Claudia C. Brazão ,&nbsp;Luis Carlos Ferreira de Almeida ,&nbsp;Giovana Bertini","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107261","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107261","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Water quality is a key factor influencing the survival and health of aquatic organisms. This study aims to assess the effects of ammonia exposure on <em>Macrobrachium acanthurus</em>, including juveniles, adult males, and ovigerous females. <em>Macrobrachium acanthurus</em> were exposed to total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) concentrations of 0, 20, 40, 60, and 80 mg L⁻¹ for 96 h to assess survival, total hemocyte count (THC), gill damage, and recovery capacity. The median lethal concentration (LC₅₀) of TAN after 96 h of exposure was 54.5 mg L⁻¹ (3.1 mg L⁻¹ NH₃) for juveniles, 50.4 mg L⁻¹ (2.9 mg L⁻¹ NH₃) for adult males, and 59.2 mg L⁻¹ (3.4 mg L⁻¹ NH₃) for ovigerous females. To avoid sub-lethal effects, TAN levels should remain below 5.0 mg L⁻¹ (0.3 mg L⁻¹ NH₃) at 26 °C and pH 8.0, ensuring animal welfare from the nursery stage onward. Reversible and moderate gill lesions occurred at 20 and 40 mg L⁻¹ of TAN, while 60 and 80 mg L⁻¹ resulted in irreversible damage. However, gill recovery was observed after exposure to 20 mg L⁻¹ of TAN. Concentrations above LC₅₀ affected innate immune response, regardless of sex, with changes in THC. These findings demonstrate the sensitivity of <em>M. acanthurus</em> to ammonia exposure and provide results of safe concentrations. Those results will contribute to species conservation and inform sustainable aquaculture practices for native freshwater species in Brazil.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":248,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Toxicology","volume":"280 ","pages":"Article 107261"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mass spectrometry imaging enables detection of MPs and their effects in Daphnia magna following acute exposure","authors":"Lidia Molina-Millán ,&nbsp;Eva Cuypers ,&nbsp;Laia Navarro-Martín ,&nbsp;Albert Menéndez-Pedriza ,&nbsp;Kimberly Garcia ,&nbsp;Marta Gual ,&nbsp;Carlos Barata ,&nbsp;Berta Cillero-Pastor ,&nbsp;Ron M.A. Heeren","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107253","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107253","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microplastics (MPs) are continuously found in soil and water environments. Within aquatic ecosystems, filter-feeding organisms are unable to discriminate MPs from food particles while fish may intentionally ingest MPs by mistaking them for prey. In both cases, MPs can accumulate in tissues with subsequent implications for human and environmental health. The modes of action of MPs are still not fully understood and hence the toxicological effects of these pollutants cannot be fully evaluated. This study aims to improve our understanding of the modes of action and toxicological effects of MPs using a multimodal approach. In the present study, <em>Daphnia magna</em> was deployed as a model to investigate the acute effects of MPs by exposing <em>D. magna</em> specimens for 24 h to fluorophore-coated polyethylene MPs. A multimodal approach, combining fluorescence imaging and mass spectrometry imaging (MSI), was employed to assess the implications of MPs exposures. Fluorescent microscopy revealed a significant accumulation of MPs in the gut of <em>D. magna</em> after acute exposure. Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) imaging were used to study the distribution and potential metabolic effects in exposed <em>D. magna</em>. ToF-SIMS revealed specific fragmentation patterns for polyethylene MPs, with the <em>m/z</em> 43 ion being the most suitable for identifying polyethylene MPs in biological tissue samples. MALDI-MSI showed specific ion types for the eye, gut, optical ganglion, first antennae, and egg tissues of <em>D. magna</em>. MSI data revealed minor alterations in specific regions of <em>D. magna</em>, such as eggs and gut, of <em>D. magna</em> after MPs exposure. The local changes were mainly found in the nucleotide and lipid metabolism within the eggs. In the gut, changes between control and MPs-exposed groups were potentially linked to plastic additives. Overall, the results of this work underline the potential of multimodal approaches based on MSI to study challenging pollutants, such as MPs, and their interactions with tissues.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":248,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Toxicology","volume":"280 ","pages":"Article 107253"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of steroid hormones and their mixtures on western mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis)","authors":"Chen-Si Wang ,&nbsp;Guo-Yong Huang ,&nbsp;Dong-Qiao Lei ,&nbsp;Guang-Guo Ying","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107167","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107167","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Steroid hormones, including estrone (E1), androstadienedione (ADD), and androstenedione (AED), are prevalent in aquatic ecosystems and pose ecological risks due to their disruptive influence on fish populations. However, little consideration has been given to the endocrine disrupting effects of fish exposed to complex mixtures of hormones in the real world. In this study, adult female western mosquitofish (<em>Gambusia affinis</em>) were exposed to two concentrations of E1 (100 ng/L for E1L and 5,000 ng/L for E1H), ADD (100 ng/L for ADDL and 10,000 ng/L for ADDH), and AED (100 ng/L for AEDL and 10,000 ng/L for AEDH) as well as four binary mixture treatments (ADDL+E1L, ADDH+E1H, AEDL+E1L, and AEDH+E1H). After 42 d, their basic physiological parameters, secondary sex characteristics, gonadal health, embryo numbers, and HPG axis-related gene expression were evaluated. Results showed that the P/D ratio of hemal spines in AEDH+E1H exhibited a pronounced reduction, approximately half that of E1H. Moreover, the number of embryos in ADDH+E1H and AEDH+E1H was reduced by approximately 3-fold compared to E1H. Correspondingly, <em>G. affinis</em> exposure to ADDH+E1H and AEDH+E1H increased the proportion of degenerated oocytes. Exposure to combined treatments led to significant changes in the transcription of HPG axis-related genes in fish and displayed a certain degree of interaction. Furthermore, cluster heatmap analysis of target genes demonstrated that ADD+E1 and AED+E1 (both high and low concentrations) were far apart from ADD, AED and E1. Collectively, these observations imply the presence of antagonistic interactions in combined treatments, and the negative impact on the growth, maturation, and endocrine system of <em>G. affinis</em> varies accordingly.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":248,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Toxicology","volume":"278 ","pages":"Article 107167"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142724554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of functional groups of polystyrene nanoplastics on the neurodevelopmental toxicity of acrylamide in the early life stage of zebrafish","authors":"Haohan Yang,&nbsp;Linghui Kong,&nbsp;Zhuoyu Chen,&nbsp;Jun Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107177","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107177","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polystyrene nanoplastics (PS NPs) and acrylamide (ACR), both emerging contaminants, have been found to be related to neurotoxicity. However, the effects of PS NPs on ACR-induced neurodevelopmental toxicity remain unclear. In this study, anionic carboxyl polystyrene nanoplastics (PS NPs-COOH), cationic amino polystyrene nanoplastics (PS NPs-NH₂) and unmodified PS NPs were selected to investigate their interaction with ACR. A serious of the neurotoxicity biomarkers from individual to molecular level were evaluated to explore the specific mechanisms. The results indicated that the unmodified PS NPs had the most significant impact on embryonic development at low concentrations in combination with ACR. The toxicity of the other two functionalized PS NPs increased with concentration, exhibiting a clear dose-response relationship. Meanwhile, all three kinds of PS NPs significantly enhanced the impacts of ACR on the locomotion behavior of zebrafish larvae. Analysis of zebrafish nervous system development showed that PS NPs-COOH exhibit greater toxicity to the central nervous system. In contrast, PS NPs-NH₂ had a more significant impact on the motor nervous system. Gene expression analysis revealed that ACR and PS NPs significantly affected the expression levels of neurodevelopmental related genes, including <em>Neurog1, Elavl3, Gfap, Gap43, Mbpa, Shha</em>. PS NPs modified with functional groups could induce corresponding neurotoxicity by affecting genes expression related to neuronal differentiation, motor neuron, and axonal development. Based on the comprehensive biomarker response index, the order of the impacts of NPs on the neurotoxicity of ACR was PS NPs-COOH &gt; PS NPs-NH₂ &gt; PS NPs. In conclusion, this study provides new insights into the interactive biological effects of NPs and ACR on zebrafish embryo, contributing to a better understanding of their environmental risk to aquatic ecosystem.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":248,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Toxicology","volume":"278 ","pages":"Article 107177"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142744410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unlocking the combined impact of microplastics and emerging contaminants on fish: A review and meta-analysis","authors":"Weiming Wu ,&nbsp;Rupeng Du ,&nbsp;Zhuoyun Chen ,&nbsp;Weiwen Li ,&nbsp;Xiaomei Huang ,&nbsp;Zhong Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107176","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107176","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microplastics (MPs) possess unique adsorptive properties that render their surfaces prone to absorbing other contaminants. When interacting with these emerging contaminants, MPs may have unpredictable negative impacts on fish. Prior studies have primarily concentrated on the impact of single contaminants, while investigations into combined pollution have not received adequate attention. Therefore, research on combined pollution holds greater practical significance. The physiological indicators of fish affected by emerging contaminants and the mechanisms behind these effects are not yet fully clear. To address this issue, a meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the impact of combined pollution of MPs-containing emerging contaminants on various aspects of fish health, encompassing behavior, consumption, development, and reproduction, along with the assessment of oxidative stress and neurotoxicity of fish. The results of the meta-analysis indicated that combined pollution adversely impacted fish reproduction, development, oxidative stress, and neurotoxicity. Importantly, significant differences were observed between fish species regarding their susceptibility to function and oxidative stress. Further investigation into the mechanisms of the impact of combined pollution on fish revealed that the magnitude of this impact is closely associated with the characteristics of the MPs themselves. MPs with higher adsorption capacities tend to lead to more severe consequences, while the impact of MPs with lower adsorption capacities relies more on their toxicity. Nevertheless, a close correlation between the duration of exposure to combined pollution and the level of oxidative stress in fish was not identified. Through a systematic analysis of existing studies, this review not only explored the cumulative effects of combined pollution on fish but also highlighted the intricate nature of such pollution within aquatic ecosystems. It contributes to the growing body of knowledge on the subject and emphasizes the need for further research to unravel the complexities associated with the combined impact of MPs-containing emerging contaminants on aquatic life.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":248,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Toxicology","volume":"278 ","pages":"Article 107176"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142722764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glyphosate and glyphosate-based herbicides induce Poecilia reticulata to maintain redox equilibrium during and after coexposure to iron oxide nanoparticles (y-Fe2O3)","authors":"João Marcos de Lima Faria ,&nbsp;Mariana Morozesk ,&nbsp;Iara da Costa Souza ,&nbsp;Victória Costa da Silva ,&nbsp;Luiz Arthur Mendes Bataus ,&nbsp;Simone Maria Teixeira de Sabóia-Morais ,&nbsp;Marisa Narciso Fernandes","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107175","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107175","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) are being increasingly recognized as viable materials for environmental remediation due to their capacity to adsorb contaminants such as glyphosate (GLY) on their surfaces. Nevertheless, the ecotoxicological implications of IONPs associated with GLY necessitate thorough evaluation to ascertain the safety of such remediation strategies. In this context, the present investigation was conducted to examine hepatic biomarkers pertinent to the redox system, as well as ultrastructural hepatic alterations in <em>Poecilia reticulata</em>, following a 21-day exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of IONPs, iron ions (Fe), and glyphosate in its pure form (GLY) as well as a commercial glyphosate-based herbicide (GBH). After this exposure, the fish underwent a 21-day recovery in uncontaminated water. The results indicated an increase in the activity of catalase (CAT) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) and in the concentration of glutathione (GSH) in the animals subjected to IONP+GBH and IONP+GLY treatments. This biochemical response persisted for the duration of both the exposure and recovery phases. Concurrently, hepatocytes displayed mitochondria with increased electron density, augmented lipid droplet accumulation, and expanded necrotic areas within the hepatic tissue. In contrast, fish exposed solely to IONPs exhibited sustained redox homeostasis throughout the investigative timeline. These findings suggest that the coexposure toxicity of IONP+GLY and IONP+GBH is attributable to the agent adsorbed onto the IONPs and that <em>P. reticulata</em> could maintain an active antioxidant defense mechanism throughout the entire study period.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":248,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Toxicology","volume":"279 ","pages":"Article 107175"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142743683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal Daphnia magna exposure to the antidepressant sertraline causes molting disorder, multi-generational reproductive and serotonergic dysfunction","authors":"Chenglong Dong ,&nbsp;Liqiang Wang ,&nbsp;Nikolai Barulin ,&nbsp;Juan José Alava ,&nbsp;Shaoquan Liu ,&nbsp;Dongmei Xiong","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107161","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107161","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sertraline, one of the most commonly used antidepressants, has exhibited a progressively escalating trend in usage over the course of the last decades years, which have been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Here, this study assessed the transgenerational effects of sertraline on the aquatic microcrustacean <em>Daphnia magna</em>, a parthenogenetic model species. The parental <em>D. magna</em> (G0) were exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of sertraline (0.1 and 10 μg/L) for 21 days at individual and population level, and observed exposure triggered specific increased fecundity and desynchronized molting. These alterations were partially inherited through three subsequent non-exposed generations (G1, G2, and G3), as evidenced by increased fecundity and disordered molting in G1, reduced fecundity in G2, and reduced body size of G3-offspring. The molt-related genes <em>neverland 1</em> and <em>hormone receptor 3</em> were significantly different to the control group simultaneously only in the exposed generation, which may well be responsible for the molting asynchrony. Vitellogenin plays an important role in reproduction, and our results indicate that its abnormal expression persists up to G3, which was highly correlated with the expression of <em>serotonin transporter</em>, the drug target of sertraline. This finding suggested that sertraline possesses a sustained reproductive toxicity and disrupting potential and may be associated with serotonin dysregulation caused by compensatory feedback of <em>serotonin transporter</em>. In combination with male birth and upregulation of <em>doublesex</em> and <em>vitellogenin</em>, sertraline was deemed to trigger a self-defense response of <em>D. magna</em>, known as “abandon-ship” by increasing reproductive inputs. However, no males was found in individual reproduction test in each generation, which may suggest some interaction between sertraline and population density. Our findings emphasize that the toxic effects of sertraline can be transferred to unexposed generations, even with different adverse consequences, implying that future studies need to focus on transgenerational delayed effects and the underlying mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":248,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Toxicology","volume":"278 ","pages":"Article 107161"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142691188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics and potential human health risks of Paralytic Shellfish Toxins identified in eight species of bivalves from South Yellow Sea Mudflat","authors":"Cheng Ding ,&nbsp;Jinling Wu ,&nbsp;Qingyuan Guo ,&nbsp;Jiaxuan Luan ,&nbsp;Kai Yang ,&nbsp;Zhaoxia Li ,&nbsp;Xuan Li ,&nbsp;Jianwei Yu ,&nbsp;Feng Liang ,&nbsp;Bairen Yang ,&nbsp;Tianming Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107174","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107174","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The consumption of bivalves contaminated with paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) poses a serious risk to human health. However, the presence of PSTs in bivalves from the South Yellow Sea Mudflat remains unclear. This study comprehensively examined the characteristics and potential health risks of PSTs in eight species of bivalves from the South Yellow Sea Mudflat across four seasons. Typical PSTs, including STX, dcNeoSTX, GTX1, GTX2, GTX3, and GTX4, were detected in white clams, clams, short-necked clams, blue mussels, razor clams, mussels, scallops, and oysters. Significant differences of PSTs concentrations among bivalves across different seasons were detected using Kruskal-Wallis tests (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05), with the highest PSTs concentrations found in mussels (20.46 μg/individual) during autumn. Furthermore, Pearson tests revealed significant positive correlations between PSTs concentrations and shell length, shell height, shell width, and soft tissue wet weight, indicating that larger bivalves contain higher PSTs levels. The highest dietary toxin intake (DTI) of PSTs across the four seasons was found in mussels (2.138 μgSTX eq. kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹) during autumn. Notably, the exposure risk index (ERI) from bivalve consumption for male consumers was 1.23 ± 0.819, which was higher than that for female consumers (1.102 ± 0.735). The ERI of PSTs for children aged 2–7 and the elderly over 65 were 1.448 ± 0.957 and 1.316 ± 0.874, respectively, which were higher than those for other age groups, indicating that children and the elderly are more sensitive to PSTs. It is important to note that most ERIs of PSTs from total tissues were higher than 1 (potential risk), while ERIs of PSTs from non-digestive tissues were lower than 1, suggesting that potential health risks could be reduced by removing the digestive tissues of bivalves before consumption. This study provides valuable information for mitigating health risks associated with bivalve consumption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":248,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Toxicology","volume":"278 ","pages":"Article 107174"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142722766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishment of a cell culture from Daphnia magna as an in vitro model for (eco)toxicology assays: Case study using Bisphenol A as a representative cytotoxic and endocrine disrupting chemical","authors":"Sreevidya CP ,&nbsp;Manoj Kumar TM ,&nbsp;Soumya Balakrishnan ,&nbsp;Suresh Kunjiraman ,&nbsp;Manomi Sarasan ,&nbsp;Jason T. Magnuson ,&nbsp;Jayesh Puthumana","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107173","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107173","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bisphenol A (BPA) is a widely used industrial compound found in polycarbonate plastics, epoxy resin, and various polymer materials, leading to its ubiquitous presence in the environment. The toxicity of BPA to aquatic organisms has been well documented following <em>in vivo</em> exposure scenarios, with known cytotoxic and endocrine-disrupting effects. As such, BPA was used in this study as a well-characterized chemical to implement more ethical and resource-efficient scientific practices in toxicity testing through new approach methods (NAMs). Due to the frequent use of <em>Daphnia</em> spp. as a model organism in toxicology, we developed an <em>in vitro</em> cell culture system from <em>Daphnia magna</em> embryos, with optimized medium to support cell longevity. The cultures were maintained for up to two months, demonstrating their stability and suitability for cytotoxicity studies. Using this novel system, lethal concentration 50 (LC₅₀) values were determined at the 24 and 48 h time points following BPA exposure. Subsequently, oxidative stress, endocrine disruption, and DNA damage were assessed through gene expression, activity assays, and a comet assay in BPA-exposed cells. LC₅₀ values of 52 µM and 20 µM BPA were calculated after 24 and 48 h exposures, respectively. BPA cells exposed to 20 and 52 µM had significantly increased GSH, GPx, and GST activity levels. mRNA expression analysis revealed significant upregulations in the expression of <em>hsp70, hsp90, gst, gpx, vtg1</em>, and <em>cyp4</em>, with downregulations of <em>sod, cat</em>, and <em>ecr</em> following BPA exposure. Furthermore, comet assays showed a significantly higher level of DNA damage induced by BPA compared to controls, with greater comet and tail lengths. This study established a novel <em>in vitro Daphnia</em> model, using BPA as a case study for determining toxic effects, further highlighting the importance and applicability of utilizing alternative methods in ecotoxicological research through reducing animal use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":248,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Toxicology","volume":"278 ","pages":"Article 107173"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142744511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of physiology, microbiota and metabolomics reveals toxic response of zebrafish gut to co-exposure to polystyrene nanoplastics and arsenic","authors":"Guoxin Li ,&nbsp;Min Lv ,&nbsp;Haitao Yu ,&nbsp;Heng zhang ,&nbsp;Dandan Zhang ,&nbsp;Qingsong Li ,&nbsp;Lei Wang ,&nbsp;Yicheng Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107172","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107172","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Both nanoplastic (NP) particles and arsenic (As) are widespread in aquatic environments and pose a combined risk of exposure to aquatic organisms. How the gut of aquatic organisms responds to combined risk of exposure is still unclear. In this study, zebrafish (<em>Danio rerio</em>) were subjected to three distinct As stress environments: only As group (10 μg/L), and As combined with different concentrations of polystyrene (PS) NPs (1 mg/L and 10 mg/L) groups for 21 days via semi-static waterborne exposure. The physiological responses to combined stress, the diversity of gut microorganisms, and the metabolomic response of the gut were investigated. The findings indicated that PSNPs were prevalent in the intestines of zebrafish in the co-exposed group. Furthermore, the administration of 1 mg/L and 10 mg/L of PSNPs in the co-exposed group was observed to elevate As levels in the intestines by 24.88% and 76.95%, respectively, in comparison to As treatment alone. Simultaneous exposure of the gut to PSNPs and As resulted in increased contents/activities of MDA, SOD, CAT, and GST, and a decrease in contents/activities of GSH and GPx, when compared to As exposure alone. Additionally, the combined exposure led to an elevated expression of the <em>Cu/Zn-sod, Mn-sod, gpx</em>, and <em>cat</em> genes. The combined treatment with NPs and As resulted in an increase in the abundance of Proteobacteria and Fusobacteriota at the phylum level, as well as a significant increase in the abundance of <em>Cetobacterium, Rhodococcus</em>, and <em>Bacteroides</em> at the genus level. Non-targeted metabolomics analyses suggest that metabolic pathways affected by co-exposure include glycerophospholipid metabolism, glycerolipid metabolism, ABC transporters and autophagy. The findings of this study are of considerable significance for the evaluation of the toxicological impact of co-existing pollutants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":248,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Toxicology","volume":"278 ","pages":"Article 107172"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142722765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}