Aquatic Toxicology最新文献

{"title":"Impacts of nanopolystyrene and/or phoxim exposure at environmentally relevant concentrations on the intestinal histopathology, intestinal microbiota, and metabolome in Eriocheir sinensis","authors":"Shuquan Ding ,&nbsp;Shunli Che ,&nbsp;Mengting Huang ,&nbsp;Yuan Ma ,&nbsp;Longteng Shen ,&nbsp;Jianbin Feng ,&nbsp;Xilei Li","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107168","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107168","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanopolystyrene (NP) pollution in aquatic environments has become an increasing concern. Phoxim (PHO), one of the major organophosphorus pesticides, has also been detected in aquatic environments, posing serious health risks to crustaceans. This study aimed to assess the detrimental effects of NP and/or PHO exposure at environmentally relevant concentrations on the intestinal histopathology, intestinal microbiota, and metabolome of adult crabs (<em>Eriocheir sinensis</em>) for 21 days. Our study revealed significant histopathological abnormalities in the intestines. In all the exposure groups, there was a discovery of vacuolar degeneration occurring in epithelial cells. Additionally, the peritrophic membrane exhibited thinning after NP or PHO single exposure, while thickening was observed after co-exposure. Exposure to NP and/or PHO disrupted the intestinal microbiota homeostasis, as evidenced by the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria and suppression of beneficial bacteria. Notably, PHO exposure resulted in increased abundance of pathogenic bacteria (<em>Spiroplasma</em> and <em>Arcobacter</em>) and decreased abundance of beneficial bacteria (<em>Bacteroides</em>). Analysis of the metabolome revealed that exposure to NP and/or PHO led to alterations in the metabolic profile as well as several critical pathways. Among these, the upregulation of arachidonic acid metabolism, ABC transporters, and biosynthesis of amino acids was observed in both NP single exposure and co-exposure, while PHO single exposure downregulated these pathways. Additionally, NP and/or PHO exposure downregulated neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction. Spearman correlation analysis revealed that the significant reduction of some differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) was potentially regulated by the low-abundance bacterial genera following exposure to NP and/or PHO. And these DEMs have a role in anti-inflammatory or antioxidant properties. Collectively, our results offer novel perspectives on the intestinal toxicity of crustaceans by NP and/or PHO at environmentally relevant concentrations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":248,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Toxicology","volume":"278 ","pages":"Article 107168"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142691149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uptake, removal and trophic transfer of fluorescent polyethylene microplastics by freshwater model organisms: the impact of particle size and food availability","authors":"Ning Gong ,&nbsp;Zhiyuan Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaofan Wang ,&nbsp;Kuishuang Shao","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107165","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107165","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As an emerging contaminant, microplastics (MPs) are widely distributed in freshwater ecosystems and pose potential threats to aquatic organisms, attracting significant attention from both the scientific community and the general public. However, there is still uncertainty regarding the mechanisms of MPs transfer within aquatic biota and how particle size and food availability influence their transport patterns. In this study, zebrafish (<em>Danio rerio</em>) were selected as a model organism to investigate the uptake and elimination of fluorescent polyethylene (PE) MPs under different exposure scenarios (waterborne or trophic transfer, with or without food) and varying particle sizes (ranging from 10-300 μm at concentrations of 0.1, 2, and 300 mg/L). Additionally, water fleas (<em>Daphnia magna</em>) were provided as prey for the fish. The dynamic accumulation of PE-MPs sized between 10-20 μm at a concentration of 25 mg/L by daphnia was also determined along with its impact on animal feeding behavior. The results demonstrated that both organisms were capable of ingesting PE-MPs during exposures lasting up to 24 hours for daphnia and up to 72 hours for zebrafish. Furthermore, rapid elimination rates were observed within just 30 minutes for daphnia and between 6-12 hours for zebrafish. The presence of food reduced MPs uptake and removal by daphnia but significantly increased MP elimination by fish. Zebrafish showed a preference for ingesting larger-sized MPs that they could easily recognize; however, trophic transfer from daphnia to fish was found to be the primary route of ingestion specifically for PE-MPs sized between 10-20 μm. The findings suggest that while fish directly ingest fewer invisible MPs from the water column, they still accumulate these particles through predation on contaminated prey organisms. Therefore, it is imperative to prioritize the ecological risks associated with the transfer of MPs from zooplankton to fish.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":248,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Toxicology","volume":"277 ","pages":"Article 107165"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142643586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated physiological, energy metabolism, and metabonomic responses indicate the stress response in the hepatopancreas of Litopenaeus vannamei to nitrite stress","authors":"Yafei Duan ,&nbsp;Guowei Zhong ,&nbsp;Meng Xiao ,&nbsp;Yukai Yang ,&nbsp;Yun Wang ,&nbsp;Yuxiu Nan","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107164","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107164","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nitrite is a toxic substance found in rearing water that affects shrimp health. The hepatopancreas is an important digestive, immune, and metabolic organ in the shrimp. In this study, shrimps (<em>Litopenaeus vannamei</em>) were separately exposed to 1 and 5 mg/L nitrite stress for 48 h, and the toxicity of nitrite in the hepatopancreas was explored by integrating histology, physiological indicators, energy metabolism, and metabolomics. Nitrite stress induced morphological changes and stress responses in the hepatopancreas. Specifically, physiology-related indices, such as the relative gene expression levels of antioxidants (<em>ROMO1, Nrf2, GPx</em>), endoplasmic reticulum stress (<em>Bip, IRE1</em> and <em>XBP1</em>), and immune genes (<em>ALF, Pen-3, Lys</em>) were decreased, whereas the gene expression of apoptosis (<em>Casp-3</em>), detoxification (<em>CYP450</em>), and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) activity were increased. The activities of osmotic adjustment-related enzymes (NKA, CMA, and ATPase) also decreased. Energy metabolism-related indices, such as pyruvate and hepatic glycogen contents, increased, whereas glucose, lactic acid, triglyceride, and ATP contents and ATPase activity decreased, and the relative gene expression levels of carbohydrate metabolism (<em>PDH, HK</em>, and <em>LDH</em>) and electron-transport chain genes (<em>CytC, COI</em> and <em>CCO</em>) decreased, and the expressions of lipid metabolism (<em>AMPK, SREBP</em>, and <em>FAS</em>), tricarboxylic acid cycle (<em>MDH, CS, IDH</em> and <em>FH</em>) genes were also disturbed. The metabolic pattern of the hepatopancreas was affected by nitrite stress. Glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism were highly affected, and more functional amino acids varied in the 5 mg/L nitrite stress group. These results reveal the toxic effects of nitrite stress on the stress response, physiology, energy metabolism, and metabolite homeostasis in the hepatopancreas of shrimp. Several potential metabolite biomarker candidates were identified for toxicological evaluation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":248,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Toxicology","volume":"277 ","pages":"Article 107164"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142674655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fipronil exposure alters oxidative stress responses of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) to acute moderate hypoxia","authors":"Priscila Leocádia Rosa Dourado ,&nbsp;Danilo Grunig Humberto da Silva ,&nbsp;Thiago Caique Alves ,&nbsp;Eduardo Alves de Almeida","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107163","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107163","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Acute hypoxia is known to increase the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to modulation in antioxidant defenses. Pollutant exposure can potentiate ROS generation during hypoxic events and impair antioxidant defenses, increasing the susceptibility of hypoxia-tolerant fishes, such as the Nile tilapia (<em>Oreochromis niloticus</em>), to oxidative stress. The purpose of this study was to evaluate oxidative stress responses of <em>O. niloticus</em> to acute (3 and 8 h) moderate hypoxia (dissolved oxygen ≤2 mg/<em>L</em>⁻¹) and how these responses are affected by simultaneous exposure to the insecticide fipronil (0.1 and 0.5 µg <em>L</em>⁻¹). Hypoxia exposure for 3 h caused an increase in glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity in the gill and also increased catalase (CAT) and glutathione <em>S-</em>transferase (GST) activities in the liver. After 8 h of hypoxia, glutathione reductase (GR) activity increased. DNA damage (comet assay) in erythrocytes was reduced by hypoxia after 3 and 8 h. Fipronil exposure for 3 h decreased CAT activity in the gill, both under normoxia and hypoxia. After 8 h, the combination of fipronil and hypoxia increased GR activity in the gill. In the liver, fipronil exposure under hypoxia for 3 h increased CAT and GR activities; after 8 h, CAT was decreased, and GST increased. GR was also increased by fipronil under normoxia for 8 h. All treatments reduced lipid peroxidation levels in the gills, but in the liver, lipid peroxidation was increased by fipronil after 3 h under normoxia. Moreover, fipronil exposure under hypoxia for 3 and 8 h increased DNA damage in erythrocytes, while 8 h of fipronil exposure under normoxia decreased it, suggesting the activation of DNA repair mechanisms. Results show that both fipronil and hypoxia exposure significantly modulate the oxidative stress parameters of <em>O. niloticus</em> and that the combination of these factors produces more pronounced effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":248,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Toxicology","volume":"278 ","pages":"Article 107163"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142691189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adverse effects of glyphosate-based herbicide on hatching rate, morphological alterations, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) expression in golden apple snail eggs","authors":"Phochit Nanthanawat ,&nbsp;Wilaiporn Insuwan ,&nbsp;Witchuda Prasatkaew ,&nbsp;Jakkaphun Nanuam ,&nbsp;Panomsak Meemon ,&nbsp;Chutima Thanomsit","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107162","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107162","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research investigated the effects of glyphosate herbicide on golden apple snail (<em>Pomacea canaliculata</em>) eggs, focusing on hatching rates, morphological changes, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) expression to explore its potential as a biomarker of exposure. Additionally, key bioactive components in golden apple snail eggs were characterized. The study demonstrated that glyphosate toxicity increased with both exposure time and concentration. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) analysis revealed adverse morphological effects on eggs and embryos, including changes in shell structure and organ development. SDS-PAGE analysis identified four main protein bands, including Perivitellin 2 in three isoforms (98, 67, and 31 kDa) and Ovorubin (28 kDa). Lipids, phosphorus, and carbohydrates were identified as key components through Sudan Black B, Methyl Green, and Alcian Blue staining. AChE, with a molecular weight of 71 kDa, was further analyzed by Western blot, showing decreased expression with prolonged and higher concentrations of glyphosate exposure. GC–MS analysis identified major bioactive compounds in untreated eggs, including 3-Fluoro-β, 5-dihydroxy-N-methylbenzeneethanamine, 2-Aziridinylethylamine, and dextroamphetamine, which have pharmaceutical properties such as anti-hypertensive, diuretic, anti-diabetic, and anti-inflammatory effects, as well as potential applications in treating attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and narcolepsy. These compounds were present at lower levels in glyphosate-exposed groups, suggesting glyphosate's impact on the eggs' biochemical defense mechanisms. This study highlights the potential effects of glyphosate on golden apple snail eggs, which may have implications for future snail populations and aquatic ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":248,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Toxicology","volume":"277 ","pages":"Article 107162"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142643585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trophic transfer effects of PS nanoplastics and field-derived nanoplastics in the freshwater clam Corbicula fluminea","authors":"Oihana Latchere ,&nbsp;Isabelle Métais ,&nbsp;Hanane Perrein-Ettajani ,&nbsp;Magalie Lemoing ,&nbsp;Agnès Feurtet-Mazel ,&nbsp;Patrice Gonzalez ,&nbsp;Guillemine Daffe ,&nbsp;Julien Gigault ,&nbsp;Charlotte Catrouillet ,&nbsp;Amélie Châtel ,&nbsp;Magalie Baudrimont","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107160","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107160","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plastic pollution is of global concern. Many studies investigated the effect of micro and nanoplatics towards aquatic organisms. However, relatively few studies were assessed on freshwater organisms. Another aspect of this pollution is the impact of trophic transfer on plastic distribution and on food chain in order to evaluate its potential risk towards environmental and human health. In this context, the objective of this study was to assess the ecotoxicological impacts of different types of nanoplastics (NPs) on freshwater organisms exposed through trophic transfer. Freshwater microalgae <em>Scenedesmus subspicatus</em> were contaminated for 48 h with realistic concentrations of NPs (0.008, 10 and 100 µg/L). Two types of NPs were tested: commercial PS NPs and NPs generated from macro-sized plastics collected in the field (ENV NPs). Freshwater <em>Corbicula fluminea</em> bivalves were then fed with the contaminated algae every 48 h for 21 days. Results showed that trophic exposure led to the induction of oxidative stress (CAT activity). Overall, NPs trophic exposure caused downregulations of genes implicated in many cellular processes (immunity, oxidative stress, neurotoxicity, endocytosis, apoptosis).</div><div>This present study allowed to demonstrate the relevance of investigating the trophic transfer effects of NPs on a freshwater trophic chain. Further studies should focus more on larger levels of the food chain.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":248,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Toxicology","volume":"277 ","pages":"Article 107160"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142680374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical-defensome and whole-transcriptome expression of the silverside fish Basilichthys microlepidotus in response to chronic pollution in the Maipo River basin, Central Chile","authors":"Jorge Cortés-Miranda ,&nbsp;David Veliz ,&nbsp;Noemí Rojas-Hernández ,&nbsp;Ciro Rico ,&nbsp;Catalina Gutiérrez ,&nbsp;Caren Vega-Retter","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107159","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107159","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pollution is a major global concern affecting biodiversity, particularly of freshwater species. Populations have developed mechanisms to deal with pollution, such as the chemical defensome, which is a set of genes involved in maintaining internal stability. Pollution significantly affects the Maipo River basin in Chile. This area is home to the endemic silverside fish <em>Basilichthys microlepidotus</em>, whose populations are affected by pollution to different degrees. We assessed gene expression in the liver and gill of this species, focusing on whole-transcriptome and chemical-defensome levels, to identify both independent and shared mechanisms in response to pollution. The results showed that 14–18 genes were consistently expressed differently among populations in polluted areas. These genes were primarily involved in liver cell mitosis and in responses to organic chemicals and carcinogenic processes. Genes expressed differently in the gill were more abundant in immune system biological processes. All populations consistently downregulated chemical-defensome genes in the liver. In differentially expressed chemical-defensome genes, shared biological processes included virus response, cellular redox homeostasis and transport, organic cyclic compound response and DNA-templated transcription regulation. Studying chemical-defensome genes can help reveal common ways that pollution builds up over time, and examining the whole transcriptome can elucidate the context in which this response develops.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":248,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Toxicology","volume":"277 ","pages":"Article 107159"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142637979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanoplastics and bisphenol A exposure alone or in combination induce hepatopancreatic damage and disturbances in carbohydrate metabolism in the Portunus trituberculatus","authors":"Xiaotian Wang ,&nbsp;Shangjie Zhou ,&nbsp;Yutong Huang ,&nbsp;Pengfei Chu ,&nbsp;Long Zhu ,&nbsp;Xiaocong Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107145","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107145","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bisphenol A (BPA) is a widely found endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC). Nanoplastics (NPs) represent a novel environmental pollutant, and the combined toxicity of these pollutants on the hepatopancreas of marine arthropods is understudied. To investigate the potential risks associated with co-exposure to BPA and NPs on the hepatopancreas, <em>Portunus trituberculatus</em> was treated with 100 μg/L BPA, 10⁴ particles/L NPs, and a combination of 100 μg/L BPA + 10⁴ particles/L NPs for 21 days, respectively. Histological observation demonstrated that co-exposure severely damaged both hepatopancreas tissue and mitochondrial structure. Transcriptome analysis revealed that 1498 transcripts were differentially expressed under different exposure conditions, and these transcripts are involved in biological processes such as cellular processes and carbohydrate metabolism. BPA and NPs co-exposure modulate pyruvic acid (PA) levels by increasing the activity of pyruvate kinase (PK), leading to changes in glycogen and glucose (GLU) content within tissues, thus affecting glycolysis. The dysregulation of the <em>CHI3L1, ACSS2</em> and <em>ACYP2</em> genes induced by BPA and NPs co-exposure may collectively regulate the process of carbohydrate metabolism. Notably, the downregulation of the <em>VPS4</em> gene and the upregulation of the <em>GBA1, Pin1</em> and <em>CCND2</em> gene may affect the cell cycle, potentially impacting cell proliferation after BPA and NPs co-exposure. These data indicate that co-exposure to BPA and NPs is more significantly cytotoxic and leads to changes in carbohydrate metabolism, cell proliferation, and histological damage in the hepatopancreas of <em>P. trituberculatus</em>. This knowledge emphasizes the need for proactive measures to mitigate the adverse effects of these environmental pollutants on human and ecological health while also providing valuable insights into the relevant molecular mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":248,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Toxicology","volume":"277 ","pages":"Article 107145"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142637981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proanthocyanidins mitigate the toxic effects in loach (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus) exposed to phenanthrene via Nrf2/NF-κB signaling pathway","authors":"Qiongya Fang ,&nbsp;Ke Li ,&nbsp;Xinyu Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaorui Liu ,&nbsp;Siqi Jiao ,&nbsp;Li Sun ,&nbsp;Min Li ,&nbsp;Guiqin Wang ,&nbsp;Yidi Kong","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107158","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107158","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phenanthrene (PHE) is a typical polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compound that is ubiquitous in the environment and accumulates in aquatic products, thereby posing a risk to food safety. Oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPC) is widely distributed powerful antioxidants with potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to evaluate the alleviating effects of dietary OPC on oxidative stress, inflammatory suppression, and tissue damage caused by PHE exposure in loach (<em>Misgurnus anguillicaudatus</em>). In the study, loach was continuously exposed to 2.36 mg/L PHE for 28 days, after which they were fed a basal diet supplemented with 0, 200, 400, or 800 mg/kg OPC. The results displayed that PHE exposure resulted in significantly increased levels of liver health parameters (AST, ALT, COR, LDH, and ADA) compared to the control group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The PHE-exposed fish showed the lowest levels of antioxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD, GSH, GST, GSH-Px, and GR) and the greatest levels of oxidative stress parameters (ROS and MDA). PHE exposure resulted in down-regulation of <em>nrf2, ho-1, gsh-px, gst</em>, and <em>nqo-1</em>, and up-regulation of <em>keap-1</em> gene expressions in loach (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Moreover, PHE-induced decreased the levels of immunity indicators (CRP, MPO, C3, C4, IgM, and LYS). An up-regulation of pro-inflammatory genes (<em>nf-κb, il-1β, il-8, il-6, il-12</em>, and <em>tnf-α</em>) and a down-regulation of anti-inflammatory gene <em>il-10</em> were the consequences of the PHE exposure. In addition, tissues showed histopathological alterations including vacuolization (liver), displaced nuclei (liver), atrophy (gills), glomerular congestion (kidney), and inflammatory cell infiltration (spleen) caused by PHE. Notably, dietary supplementation of OPC augmented immuno-antioxidant parameters, including their key genes, reduced oxidative stress and immunosuppression, and ameliorated tissue damage compared to fish exposed to PHE. In summary, supplementation with 400 mg/kg OPC in the diets could effectively alleviate the oxidative damage and inflammatory response induced by PHE exposure in loach through the Nrf2/NF-κB signaling pathway and enhance the defense ability against toxic substances of loach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":248,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Toxicology","volume":"277 ","pages":"Article 107158"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142637982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishment of a cell culture from the frog Leptodactylus fuscus as a model for (eco)toxicological assays","authors":"Yure Jefferson da Cruz do Nascimento ,&nbsp;Danilo Serrão Moutinho ,&nbsp;Cesar Martins ,&nbsp;Adauto Lima Cardoso ,&nbsp;Lílian Lund Amado","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107157","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107157","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Leptodactylus fuscus</em> is a frog species widely distributed in the Neotropical region, occurring in several biomes, which makes it a potential biomonitor of environmental conditions<em>.</em> To advance the establishment of this species in this field, we developed a fibroblast-like cell line derived from the digits of the forelimbs (LFUfd) and evaluated its response to possible environmental stressors. An adult male L. <em>fuscus</em> was collected, anesthetized, and euthanized with eugenol. Digits from the forelimbs were extracted, decontaminated, and dissociated. Cells were plated and cultivated in vented flasks with DMEM/F12+GlutaMAX medium and 20% FBS at 28 °C. On the 15th passage, we made the chromosome preparations, where we placed them on slides and stained them with Giemsa for karyotype analysis. The cellular response to multiple stressors (Temperature, Hydrogen Peroxide, and Aluminum) was evaluated through the MTT assay. The temperature test evaluated two groups (28 °C and 37 °C for 24 h). The effect of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) was analyzed by treatment for 1 h at 28 °C in different concentrations (control, 2 μM, 20 μM, 50 μM, 100 μM and 200 μM). The effects of aluminum have been tested at three concentrations (0.5 mg/L, 1 mg/L, and 10 mg/L). The karyotype obtained showed 22 chromosomes, according to the description of the species, although a small proportion of aneuploid cells was observed (∼7%). At 37 °C there was a reduction in cell survival and no effects on cell viability at the H₂O₂ concentrations tested; however, there was a decrease in cell viability when exposed to aluminum in all the concentrations tested.. The growth behavior and karyotype observed indicate the establishment of a continuous cell culture with a stable genome that responds to environmental changes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":248,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Toxicology","volume":"277 ","pages":"Article 107157"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142613371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}