World journal of radiology最新文献

{"title":"Functional connectivity alterations in patients with poststroke cognitive impairment: A resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study.","authors":"Yun-Yun Tao, Ran Wang, Peng Zhang, Xiao-Hua Huang, Lin Yang","doi":"10.4329/wjr.v18.i2.116799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4329/wjr.v18.i2.116799","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cognitive impairment is a common functional impairment after stroke that severely affects the quality of life of patients. The underlying neurobiological mechanisms of poststroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the changes in functional connectivity (FC) in the brains of patients with PSCI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 21 patients with PSCI and 12 healthy controls were selected as study subjects, and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging was performed. The brain region [Cerebellum_6_R (aal)] with significant differences identified by regional homogeneity analysis and the left thalamus, right thalamus, left basal ganglia, and right basal ganglia in the Brainnetome Atlas were selected as the seeds (regions of interest), and the FC between the seeds and whole-brain voxels was analyzed. Moreover, the 116 brain regions defined in the AAL116 atlas were selected as seeds (regions of interest), and the FC between the whole-brain seeds was calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of the seed-based FC analysis revealed that the FC of the Cerebelum_9_R, Occipital_Mid_L, and Fusiform_R in the PSCI group was significantly greater than that in the control group. FC analysis of whole-brain seeds revealed that the FC of 20 pairs (Cerebelum_4_5_R and Cerebelum_6_R, <i>etc.</i>) in the PSCI group was significantly greater than that in the healthy control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients with PSCI exhibit changes in the FC of specific brain regions in the resting state, which may help researchers explore the underlying neurobiological mechanisms of PSCI from a new perspective.</p>","PeriodicalId":23819,"journal":{"name":"World journal of radiology","volume":"18 2","pages":"116799"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12968801/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147436131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-contrast 3.0T coronary magnetic resonance angiography: Image quality comparison of coronal balanced-turbo-field-echo, axial turbo-field-echo, and modified-Dixon sequences.","authors":"Chuang-Wei Wei, Run-Zhi Zhang, Yan Xu, Jia-Yi Liu, Nan Zhang, Lei Xu, Zhao-Ying Wen","doi":"10.4329/wjr.v18.i2.115741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4329/wjr.v18.i2.115741","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Non-contrast whole-heart coronary magnetic resonance angiography (CMRA) remains underutilized in clinical practice due to limited visualization of distal vessels and prolonged acquisition times.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim: &lt;/strong&gt;To evaluate the performance of a coronal balanced turbo field echo (BTFE) sequence for CMRA at 3.0T in comparison with conventional axial turbo field echo (TFE) and modified Dixon (mDixon) sequences.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Healthy young volunteers were prospectively enrolled from January 2025 to April 2025. All participants underwent coronary artery imaging using BTFE, TFE, and mDixon sequences. Subjective image quality was assessed based on the society of cardiovascular computed tomography 18-segment model using a four-point scale (1 = non-assessable to 4 = excellent) across the three major coronary arteries and their side branches. The assessability rate was defined as the percentage of segments receiving a score ≥ 2. Objective evaluation of the main coronary arteries included measurements of signal-to-noise ratio, contrast-to-noise ratio, vessel edge sharpness, and visible vessel length. Acquisition time was recorded for each sequence. Statistical comparisons among the three sequences were performed using the Friedman test and one-way repeated measures analysis of variance.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 22 participants (mean age ± SD, 23 ± 2 years; 12 men) were included in the study. BTFE significantly outperformed both TFE and mDixon in subjective image quality scores across all coronary segments (all &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05), except for the left main coronary artery, the proximal and mid segments of the left anterior descending artery (LAD), the proximal and mid segments of the left circumflex artery (LCX), the proximal segment of the right coronary artery, and ramus intermedius, for which no significant differences were observed between BTFE and mDixon (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &gt; 0.05). The BTFE sequence achieved the highest overall assessability (99.3%, 282/284), surpassing mDixon (95.4%, 271/284) and TFE (87.0%, 247/284). BTFE yielded significantly higher signal-to-noise ratio, contrast-to-noise ratio, and vessel edge sharpness compared with both TFE and mDixon (all &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001). The measured lengths of the LAD and right coronary artery were also significantly greater with BTFE (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05 for both). The LCX length was significantly longer on BTFE than on TFE (77.5 ± 10.5 mm &lt;i&gt;vs&lt;/i&gt; 75.1 ± 8.3 mm; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.017), but not significantly different from that on mDixon (77.5 ± 10.5 mm &lt;i&gt;vs&lt;/i&gt; 75.7 ± 8.8 mm; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.074). Additionally, BTFE demonstrated a shorter and more consistent acquisition time compared with both TFE and mDixon (6.13 ± 1.00 minutes &lt;i&gt;vs&lt;/i&gt; 7.15 ± 2.02 minutes &lt;i&gt;vs&lt;/i&gt; 7.17 ± 1.72 minutes; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Coronal BTFE-based non-contrast whole-heart CMRA at 3.0T offers superior image quality and reduced acquisition ","PeriodicalId":23819,"journal":{"name":"World journal of radiology","volume":"18 2","pages":"115741"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12968789/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147436044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-resolution computed tomography predicts optimal cochlear implantation strategy in patients with chronic otitis media.","authors":"Li-Jing Zhao, Yong Fu, Zhi-Li Zhang","doi":"10.4329/wjr.v18.i2.116610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4329/wjr.v18.i2.116610","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Surgical strategies for cochlear implantation in patients with chronic otitis media (COM) are diverse and largely depend on the extent of the underlying pathology.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To develop a high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT)-based algorithm for guiding surgical strategy using correlations between imaging and operative findings.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed the preoperative HRCT scans of 12 consecutive adult patients (<i>n</i> = 12) with COM who underwent cochlear implantation. Specific radiological markers were evaluated, including soft tissue extension, scutum erosion, mastoid pneumatization, and cochlear ossification. These findings were systematically correlated with the necessary surgical procedure (canal wall-up <i>vs</i> canal wall-down/subtotal petrosectomy) and intraoperative findings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Preoperative HRCT accurately predicted the necessary surgical approach in all cases in our cohort. Disease limited to the epitympanum with an intact posterior canal wall required a canal wall-up surgical approach (<i>n</i> = 7), whereas extensive soft tissue opacity involving the mastoid cavity necessitated a canal wall-down/subtotal petrosectomy approach (<i>n</i> = 5). HRCT achieved 100% sensitivity for detecting the single case of significant cochlear ossification in this preliminary series, allowing for appropriate preoperative planning. Postoperative computed tomography confirmed successful electrode placement in all cases. Clinical outcomes, including a low complication rate (one minor infection) and no disease recurrence, confirmed the accuracy of the imaging-based strategy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Preoperative HRCT reliably predicts the required surgical approach in COM. The proposed imaging-based algorithm may help standardize planning for successful cochlear implantation.</p>","PeriodicalId":23819,"journal":{"name":"World journal of radiology","volume":"18 2","pages":"116610"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12968788/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147436064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of streak metal artifact reduction technique in cone-beam computed tomography guided percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy.","authors":"Zhi-Lin Wang, Ge Wu","doi":"10.4329/wjr.v18.i2.115249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4329/wjr.v18.i2.115249","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Metallic artifacts from coaxial needles can severely interfere with the precision of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT)-guided percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy (PTNB), particularly in assessing vital anatomical structures around small lesions.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the clinical application of a streak metal artifact reduction technique (SMART) in CBCT-PTNB procedures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed data from 68 patients (73 CBCT scans) undergoing CBCT-guided PTNB between March 2023 and December 2024. Image quality was compared among original reconstructed CBCT images, those iteratively reconstructed using SMART with a full volume of interest (VOI) (SMART-Full), and those with a small VOI containing only the coaxial needle (SMART-Small). Evaluations focused on artifact types, puncture needle diameter measurements, and density metrics within the region of interest (ROI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SMART-Full reconstruction significantly reduced radial, streak, and dark stripe artifacts (<i>P</i> < 0.001) compared to original CBCT, with superior performance in puncture needle diameter measurement and ROI minimum and average density indicators (<i>P</i> < 0.001). The incidence of dark streak artifacts decreased from 71 cases in original CBCT to 26 cases in SMART-Full. Additionally, SMART-Full was more effective than SMART-Small in artifact elimination (<i>P</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SMART technology effectively reduces metal artifacts, enabling clearer visualization of hidden anatomical structures. Through quantitative analysis, this study confirms the clinical value of SMART in CBCT-guided PTNB, providing a technical reference for precise diagnosis and treatment of small pulmonary lesions.</p>","PeriodicalId":23819,"journal":{"name":"World journal of radiology","volume":"18 2","pages":"115249"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12968787/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147435910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interpretable radiomics model based on magnetic resonance imaging to predict responses to transarterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma.","authors":"Qi Mao, Peng Zhang, Mao-Ting Zhou, Yue Shi, Xu-Li Min, Hao Xu, Lin Yang, Xiao-Ming Zhang","doi":"10.4329/wjr.v18.i2.116486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4329/wjr.v18.i2.116486","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is important role for the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, owing to the heterogeneity of HCC tumors, TACE efficacy varies among individual HCC patients. Accurate preoperative prediction of responses to TACE among HCC patients could guide the development of individualized treatment strategies and improve patient outcomes.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the predictive value of multiple-sequence magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) radiomic features combined with clinical indices for the response to TACE among HCC patients and to develop an interpretable machine learning model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 116 patients with HCC who underwent TACE were retrospectively enrolled. Patients in this study were randomly divided into a training group and a validation group at a ratio of 7:3. The response to TACE was evaluated according to the modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors. Radiomic features were extracted from axial fat-suppressed T2-weighted imaging, arterial phase and portal venous phase axial dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI sequences. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator method was used to select the best radiomic features. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to select clinical predictive factors that affect the response to TACE among patients with HCC. Logistic regression was used to construct a radiomic model of each sequence, a multiple-sequence MRI radiomics model, and a radiomic-clinical (RC) model. The predictive performance of each model was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. The risk factors in the RC model were subsequently interpreted <i>via</i> SHapley Additive exPlanations analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve values of the fat-suppressed T2-weighted imaging, arterial-phase, portal-venous-phase, joint-radiomic model and RC model were 0.771, 0.668, 0.725, 0.845 and 0.929, respectively, in the training group and 0.705, 0.666, 0.675, 0.799 and 0.815, respectively, in the validation group. The clinical-radiomic model had the best predictive performance. The SHapley Additive exPlanations algorithm was used to illustrate the contribution of each feature in the RC model.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The interpretable RC model could successfully stratify HCC patients into TACE responders and TACE nonresponders and serve as a potential tool to identify more appropriate HCC patients for TACE, thus sparing patients from receiving ineffective and unnecessary treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":23819,"journal":{"name":"World journal of radiology","volume":"18 2","pages":"116486"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12968791/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147436057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiotherapy combined with bevacizumab in gastrointestinal cancers: Balancing efficacy against the risk of intestinal perforation.","authors":"Yan Xu, Xiao-Bing Huang, Yong-Gang He","doi":"10.4329/wjr.v18.i1.116084","DOIUrl":"10.4329/wjr.v18.i1.116084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The combination of radiotherapy with bevacizumab represents a promising therapeutic strategy for advanced gastrointestinal cancers. While this combination leverages synergistic mechanisms to enhance antitumor efficacy, it also poses significant safety concerns, particularly regarding the risk of intestinal perforation. This letter discusses the current understanding of this dual effect and underscores the importance of careful patient selection, advanced radiotherapy techniques, and vigilant toxicity monitoring to optimize clinical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23819,"journal":{"name":"World journal of radiology","volume":"18 1","pages":"116084"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12865535/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146120165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep learning-based imaging model to predict early hematoma enlargement and hospital mortality in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage.","authors":"Yu-Han Yang, Yuan Li","doi":"10.4329/wjr.v18.i1.115504","DOIUrl":"10.4329/wjr.v18.i1.115504","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a severe form of stroke with high early mortality, and hematoma enlargement (HE) occurs in roughly one-third of patients and strongly predicts poor outcomes. Quantitative image analysis using handcrafted radiomics and deep learning-derived features can capture hematoma and perihematomal edema (PHE) heterogeneity objectively that the combination of these approaches with clinical data may improve early prediction of HE and in-hospital mortality.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate and validate the predictive performance of hematoma- and PHE-derived features on non-contrast computed tomography <i>via</i> handcrafted radiomics and automatic deep learning analysis for prediction of early HE and hospital mortality in spontaneous ICH.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Of 322 patients with basal ganglia ICHs were included retrospectively between June 2018 and June 2020, and assigned into the training cohort (<i>n</i> = 225) and the testing cohort (<i>n</i> = 97). We extracted features on hematoma and PHE subregions <i>via</i> handcrafted radiomics analysis manually and deep learning analysis of pretrained convolutional neural networks <i>via</i> transfer learning automatically. Support vector machine was adopted as the classifier for prediction of HE and hospital mortality. The clinical-radiological integrated models for HE and hospital mortality were constructed on clinical data and radiological signatures generated from the radiological models with the optimal area under the receiver operating characteristics curve in the testing cohort.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The clinical-radiological model combining clinical information and hematoma- and PHE-derived computed tomography features for prediction of HE implied an area under the receiver operating characteristics curve of 0.828 with 95% confidence interval of 0.714 to 0.942 with accuracy of 72.89%, sensitivity of 70.00%, and specificity of 74.52% in the testing cohort. The model integrating clinical and radiological features showed great identification performance for predicting hospital mortality, demonstrating significant classification and discrimination abilities after validation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Quantitative radiomics features from hematoma and PHE regions on non-contrast computed tomography images showed good performance for predicting HE and hospital mortality in patients with ICH.</p>","PeriodicalId":23819,"journal":{"name":"World journal of radiology","volume":"18 1","pages":"115504"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12865545/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146120171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rationalizing whole-body computed tomography in trauma: A national audit on resource utilization and strategies to minimize radiation exposure.","authors":"Latifah Al-Kandari, Michael A Masoomi, Abdelhamid A El-Gargani, Mahdy-Abass Hamza, Rami M Agha","doi":"10.4329/wjr.v18.i1.113747","DOIUrl":"10.4329/wjr.v18.i1.113747","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Major trauma is the sixth leading cause of death worldwide and the leading cause of death and disability in the population aged 5 years to 45 years. The assessment is typically guided by strict protocols to quickly identify life-threatening conditions before conducting a comprehensive evaluation of other injuries. Whole-body computed tomography (WBCT) is often indiscriminately used in trauma cases.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To assess the effective use of WBCT in patients with trauma across radiology departments in State of Kuwait, evaluate the true incidence of critical injuries, and minimize unnecessary radiation exposure.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This multicenter, retrospective study across seven radiology departments included 1367 patients with trauma who underwent WBCT between 2022 and 2023, according to the American College of Radiology guidelines. Data on age, sex, injury mechanism, clinical indications, dose-length product, and WBCT findings were collected and analyzed using IBM SPSS version 25.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 1367 referrals, 578 (42.3%) had no significant findings, while 789 (57.7%) showed positive trauma-related results. Among the positive findings, 530 patients (38.8%) had major injuries, including solid organ and vertebral column injuries. The most common causes of WBCT referrals were road traffic accidents (911 patients, 66.6%), falls from height (182 patients, 13%), falls of heavy objects (112 patients, 8%), head trauma (82 patients, 6%), buggy accidents (28 patients, 2%) and others. Negative WBCT findings had a mean effective dose of 19.98 ± 10.26 mSv.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This national audit demonstrates that a substantial proportion of WBCT scans in patients with trauma are negative (42.3%), underscoring the need to rationalize imaging practices. The findings highlight the importance of evidence-based stewardship to enhance trauma care delivery in State of Kuwait.</p>","PeriodicalId":23819,"journal":{"name":"World journal of radiology","volume":"18 1","pages":"113747"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12865544/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146120157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnetic resonance imaging-based deep-learning radiomics score for survival prediction and risk stratification in pediatric hepatoblastoma receiving surgical resection.","authors":"Yu-Han Yang, Yuan Li","doi":"10.4329/wjr.v18.i1.115503","DOIUrl":"10.4329/wjr.v18.i1.115503","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Children with hepatoblastoma (HB) remain high heterogeneity with distinct survival outcomes among individuals after surgical resection. Therefore, it's essential to identify high-risk patients with poor outcomes before surgery in order to add appropriate neoadjuvant chemotherapy for improving prognosis.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the performance of a deep learning (DL)-based radiomics (DLBR) score at predicting event-free survival (EFS) in patients with HB at the early stage who underwent surgical resection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 106 patients were included retrospectively at two hospitals who underwent magnetic resonance imaging scanning and surgical excision, and were assigned into the training cohort (<i>n</i> = 74) from one institution and the testing cohort (<i>n</i> = 32) from the other institution. The widely adopted clinicopathologic variables were collected, and the magnetic resonance imaging-derived DL-based features were extracted through automatic segmentation. We developed a DLBR score based on DL-based features and an integrated clinical-DL nomogram model, and validated them externally.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The DLBR score was generated incorporating four DL-based features, including three TI-derived features and one T2-derived feature. The integrated clinical-DL nomogram was constructed based on the Pretreatment Extension of Disease stage, alpha-fetoprotein concentration, and the DLBR score. The integrated nomogram had relatively better prognostic and calibration abilities and less opportunity for prediction error compared with the clinicopathologic predictors alone and the DLBR score alone in both training and external validation. Additionally, the DLBR score could stratify the HB patients into two EFS-related risk subgroups accurately, and showed fine distinction abilities to identify patients with different survival outcomes within identical subgroups of clinical predictors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The DLBR score acted as a noninvasive and reliable tool for predicting EFS in early-stage HB patients receiving survival resection, and might instruct therapeutic plans for improving prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":23819,"journal":{"name":"World journal of radiology","volume":"18 1","pages":"115503"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12865557/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146120239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and radiographic feature of pulmonary nocardiosis: A study of 102 cases.","authors":"Hui-Juan Wang, Yi-Ning Zhang, Li An","doi":"10.4329/wjr.v18.i1.114552","DOIUrl":"10.4329/wjr.v18.i1.114552","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Nocardia</i> pneumonia is an infection that occurs in patients with underlying diseases. Previously, due to limited detection methods, its detection rate and typing posed significant challenges. However, with advancements in detection techniques, the detection rate has significantly increased, and different <i>Nocardia</i> species exhibit distinct imaging characteristics.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To retrospectively analyze the etiological and imaging features of pulmonary <i>Nocardia</i> pneumonia and to examine the differences in chest imaging manifestations among different <i>Nocardia</i> species.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The medical records of 102 patients with pulmonary nocardiosis who were admitted to Beijing Chaoyang Hospital from January 2017 to December 2024 were collected. Data including name, gender, underlying comorbidities, etiological characteristics, diagnostic methods, chest computed tomography features, and therapeutic agents were recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 102 patients, 55 were male and 47 were female, with a median age of 61 years. Bronchiectasis was the most common comorbidity, observed in 54 patients (52.9%). Sixty percent were diagnosed using metagenomic next-generation sequencing. <i>Nocardia gelsenkin</i> was the most prevalent <i>Nocardia</i> specie, while <i>Aspergillus</i> and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> were identified as the predominant co-pathogens in these pulmonary nocardiosis cases. Pneumonia caused by <i>Nocardia wallacei</i> primarily presented with bronchopneumonia as the main imaging feature, while other <i>Nocardia</i> species more commonly manifested as consolidation, often accompanied by nodules, cavities, and pleural effusion. The imaging features in immunosuppressed patients were more diverse, with frequent coexistence of multiple patterns.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong><i>Nocardia</i> pneumonia commonly coexists with bronchiectasis. While metagenomic next-generation sequencing has greatly enhanced its detection rate, <i>Nocardia wallacei</i> pneumonia is distinguished on chest computed tomography by its primary presentation of bronchopneumonia, unlike other types.</p>","PeriodicalId":23819,"journal":{"name":"World journal of radiology","volume":"18 1","pages":"114552"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12865543/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146120161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}