World journal of radiology最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of pituitary tumor volume as a prognostic factor in acromegaly: A cross-sectional study in two centers.","authors":"Mauricio Alvarez, Angel Donato, Juliana Rincon, Oswaldo Rincon, Natalia Lancheros, Pedro Mancera, Isaac Guzman","doi":"10.4329/wjr.v17.i3.100168","DOIUrl":"10.4329/wjr.v17.i3.100168","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acromegaly is caused by a pituitary neuroendocrine tumor (PitNET) with excessive production of growth hormone (GH), leading to multisystem complications. Previous studies have identified predictors of disease persistence following surgery and poor response to medical treatment, including tumor size, vertical and horizontal extensions of the adenoma, hyperintensity in T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging, granulation density, and pre- and postoperative GH and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate PitNET volume as a complementary prognostic factor in patients with acromegaly.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a retrospective descriptive study with an analytical component evaluating the correlation between the volumetric analysis of GH-producing PitNETs, IGF-1 levels before and after surgery, disease control during follow-up, and the line of therapy required for disease control in a cohort of patients treated at two centers: Endocrinology Department of the Central Military Hospital and Centros Médicos Colsanitas, Bogotá, Colombia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 77 patients with acromegaly (42 men, 35 women) were included in this study. The mean age at diagnosis was 42 years (SD: 12), with a mean disease duration of 9.9 years (SD: 7.2). The mean pituitary tumor volume was 4358 mm³ (SD: 6291, interquartile range [IQR]: 13602). Patients with controlled acromegaly had a mean PitNET volume of 3202 mm³ (SD: 4845, 95%CI: 621-5784) compared to 5513 mm³ (SD: 7447, 95%CI: 1545-9482) in the uncontrolled group (<i>P</i> = 0.15). A PitNET volume exceeding 3697 mm³ was associated with a higher likelihood of requiring third or fourth-line therapy (50% <i>vs</i> 36%; <i>P</i> = 0.03).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PitNET volume was associated with the need for higher-line therapy to manage acromegaly but did not correlate with long-term disease control or with pre- or postsurgical IGF-1 levels. Nevertheless, a trend towards an inverse relationship between tumor volume and future disease control was observed. While macroadenoma classification remains crucial, among patients with macroadenomas, those with a volume exceeding 3697 mm³ could have worse prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":23819,"journal":{"name":"World journal of radiology","volume":"17 3","pages":"100168"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11959620/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143773557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modified LR-5 criteria based on gadoxetic acid can improve the sensitivity in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.","authors":"Yan Song, Yue-Yue Zhang, Qin Yu, Rui Ma, Yue Xiao, Jun-Kang Shen, Chao-Gang Wei","doi":"10.4329/wjr.v17.i3.103822","DOIUrl":"10.4329/wjr.v17.i3.103822","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Currently, only tumors classified as LR-5 are considered definitive hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and no further pathologic confirmation is required to initiate therapy. Previous studies have shown that the sensitivity of LR-5 is modest, and lesions enhanced by gadoxetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA) may exhibit lower sensitivity than those enhanced by Gd-DTPA.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To identify malignant ancillary features (AFs) that can independently and significantly predict HCC in Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System version 2018, and to develop modified LR-5 criteria to improve diagnostic performance on Gd-EOB-DTPA - enhanced magnetic resonance imaging.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Imaging data from patients with HCC risk factors who underwent abdominal Gd-EOB-DTPA - enhanced magnetic resonance imaging were collected. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine AFs that could independently and significantly predict HCC. The modified LR-5 criteria involved reclassifying LR-4/LR-3 lesions based on major features combined with independently significant AFs for HCC, or by substituting threshold growth with significant AFs. McNemar's test was used to compare the diagnostic performance of the modified LR-5 criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 244 lesions from 216 patients were included. Transitional phase hypointensity, mild - moderate T2 hyperintensity, and fat in mass (more than adjacent liver) were identified as significant independent predictors of HCC. Using the modified LR-5 criteria (<i>e.g.</i>, LR-5-M1: LR-4 + transitional phase hypointensity; LR-5-M4: LR-5 by transitional phase hypointensity instead of threshold growth; LR-5-M5: LR-5 by mild - moderate T2 hyperintensity instead of threshold growth; LR-5-M8: LR-3/LR-4 + any two features of transitional phase hypointensity/mild - moderate T2 hyperintensity/fat in mass), sensitivities were significantly increased (88.5%-89.1%) compared to the standard LR-5 (60.6%; all <i>P</i> values < 0.05), while specificities (84.8%-89.9%) remained largely unchanged (93.7%; all <i>P</i> values > 0.05). The LR-5-M8 criterion achieved the highest sensitivity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Mild - moderate T2 hyperintensity, transitional phase hypointensity, and fat in mass are independent and significant predictors of HCC malignant AFs. The modified LR-5 criteria can improve sensitivity without significantly reducing specificity.</p>","PeriodicalId":23819,"journal":{"name":"World journal of radiology","volume":"17 3","pages":"103822"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11959622/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143773582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrogen peroxide-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging: A novel approach for diagnosing anorectal-fistula.","authors":"Riya Karmakar, Devansh Gupta, Arvind Mukundan, Hsiang-Chen Wang","doi":"10.4329/wjr.v17.i3.105777","DOIUrl":"10.4329/wjr.v17.i3.105777","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this editorial, a commentary on the article by Chang <i>et al</i> has been provided, the course of treatment of anorectal fistulas, especially complex and recurring ones, require accurate diagnostic procedures for determining ideal surgical procedures. Conventional ways of imaging sometimes fall short, offering insufficient insights in aggravated instances. In this editorial, a novel application of hydrogen peroxide-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (HP-MRI) that promises significant improvements in the imaging of anorectal fistula. Study is based on a retrospective investigation of 60 patients, contrasts the new HP-MRI with conventional diagnostic techniques such as physical examination, trans-perineal ultrasonography and poor spatial resolution MRI. The findings demonstrate HP-MRI's incredible diagnostic performance, with sensitivity and specificity rates of 96.08% and 90.91%, respectively, and unparalleled interobserver agreement (Kappa values ranging from 0.80 to 0.89). It has been a significant advancement for assessment of anorectal fistulas providing a better roadmap for surgical planning, lowering recurrence rates as well as reduced personal and financial burden on patients by reducing the need for repeated treatment and extended hospital stays. The remaining funds can be utilized for treatment of other medical need. Ultimately HP-MRI provides us a healthier & more efficient society by improvising patients well-being & optimized healthcare infrastructure.</p>","PeriodicalId":23819,"journal":{"name":"World journal of radiology","volume":"17 3","pages":"105777"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11959619/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143773580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing diagnostic frameworks in pancreatic cancer imaging: A critical appraisal.","authors":"Galip Dogukan Dogru, Ahmet Oguz Tugcu, Cemal Ugur Dursun","doi":"10.4329/wjr.v17.i3.104818","DOIUrl":"10.4329/wjr.v17.i3.104818","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This letter to the editor critically appraises the study by Luo <i>et al</i>. While the study provides valuable insights into imaging-pathology correlations in pancreatic cancer, we identify several opportunities for enhancing its clinical relevance. Notably, the exclusion of magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography and positron emission tomography/computed tomography imaging limits the study's diagnostic scope, as these modalities offer superior capabilities in differentiating benign from malignant lesions and assessing metabolic tumor activity. Additionally, the retrospective, cross-sectional design restricts the potential for dynamic insights into disease progression. We also highlight the untapped potential of radiomics-based analyses, which could significantly improve diagnostic accuracy and prognostic assessments. We recommend integrating these advanced imaging modalities, adopting longitudinal study designs, and leveraging radiomics approaches in future research to enhance the diagnostic frameworks in pancreatic cancer imaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":23819,"journal":{"name":"World journal of radiology","volume":"17 3","pages":"104818"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11959621/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143773535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing lymphoma staging: Unveiling the potential and challenges of whole-body magnetic resonance imaging.","authors":"Mohadese Ahmadzade, Mohammad Ghasemi-Rad","doi":"10.4329/wjr.v17.i3.104917","DOIUrl":"10.4329/wjr.v17.i3.104917","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this editorial, we comment on the article by Lambert <i>et al</i>, published in the recent issue of the <i>World Journal of Radiology</i>. The focus of the editorial is to explore the advancements in whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (WB-MRI) technology, its current clinical applications, and the challenges that must be addressed to fully realize its potential in oncological imaging. WB-MRI has emerged as a pivotal tool in oncological imaging, offering comprehensive disease assessment without ionizing radiation. Its applications span the detection of bone metastases, evaluation of hematologic malignancies, and staging of a wide range of cancers, including lymphoma, prostate, and breast cancers. Advanced techniques such as diffusion-weighted imaging have enhanced its diagnostic performance by providing superior lesion-to-background contrast and quantitative metrics. Despite its diagnostic strengths, WB-MRI faces challenges in standardization, patient acceptance, and integration into clinical workflows. Variability in acquisition protocols, hardware differences, and patient-related factors, such as anxiety and motion artifacts, have limited widespread adoption. Emerging guidelines like MET-RADS-P and ONCO-RADS aim to address these issues by promoting standardized protocols tailored to specific clinical needs. This editorial explores the advancements in WB-MRI technology, its current clinical applications, and the barriers that must be overcome to maximize its utility. By addressing these challenges and embracing standardization, WB-MRI holds the potential to redefine the landscape of oncological imaging, aligning diagnostic precision with modern treatment goals of reducing long-term patient risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":23819,"journal":{"name":"World journal of radiology","volume":"17 3","pages":"104917"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11959623/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143773542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerous liver abscesses after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt for decompensated liver cirrhosis: A case report.","authors":"Shi-Hua Luo, Zhao-Han Wang, Jie Chen, Jian-Yong Chen","doi":"10.4329/wjr.v17.i2.101932","DOIUrl":"10.4329/wjr.v17.i2.101932","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Liver cirrhosis patients can develop various complications including bacteremia as the intestinal flora is heterologous. In those with low immunity, trauma, or following surgery, <i>etc</i>., the body is susceptible to concurrent systemic or local infections. Under these circumstances, even minimally invasive treatment methods such as interventional therapy like transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) for liver cirrhosis patients can also result in complications such as infections.</p><p><strong>Case summary: </strong>A male patient with decompensated cirrhosis experienced multiple episodes of gastrointestinal bleeding and hypersplenism. He was admitted to hospital due to voluntary remedial TIPS. The patient developed a numerous intrahepatic liver abscess postoperatively. Following initial conservative treatment with intravenous antibiotics and parenteral nutrition, three months after TIPS, the liver abscess had disappeared on imaging examination. At the 6-month postoperative follow-up, outpatient re-examination showed that the patient had recovered and the liver abscess had resolved.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Attention should be paid to decreased blood cell counts, especially low leukocyte levels in patients with liver cirrhosis as the presence of intestinal microbiota dysregulation and portal pyemia can result in liver abscess and sepsis during invasive diagnostic and therapeutic procedures like TIPS. The addition of probiotics might reduce the risk in such patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":23819,"journal":{"name":"World journal of radiology","volume":"17 2","pages":"101932"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11885929/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143587393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distinctive imaging features of liver metastasis from gastric adenocarcinoma with enteroblastic differentiation: A case report.","authors":"Mariko Irizato, Kiyoyuki Minamiguchi, Yasuko Fujita, Hidekazu Yamaura, Hiroaki Onaya, Ryosuke Taiji, Toshihiro Tanaka, Yoshitaka Inaba","doi":"10.4329/wjr.v17.i2.104518","DOIUrl":"10.4329/wjr.v17.i2.104518","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gastric adenocarcinoma with enteroblastic differentiation (GAED) is one of the common subtypes of alpha-foetoprotein (AFP)-producing gastric cancer. GAED frequently results in venous invasion and liver metastasis, the latter being particularly linked to a poor prognosis. So far, the evidence for liver metastases from AFP-producing gastric cancer is only focused on those from gastric hepatoid adenocarcinoma, owing to their imaging similarities with hepatocellular carcinoma. This case report describes the characteristic diagnostic imaging findings of liver metastasis from GAED.</p><p><strong>Case summary: </strong>A 65-year-old man who had undergone a pyloric gastrectomy for GAED two years ago was found to have a liver tumor in the hepatic segment 7, accompanied by elevated serum AFP levels. Dynamic contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed the tumor showing peripheral-dominant enhancement in the arterial phase with persistent central enhancement in the delayed phase. Gadolinium-ethoxybenzyl-diethylenetriamine penta-acetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a signal drop in the tumor periphery in chemical shift imaging, along with arterial enhancement. Additionally, rim-like hypointensity surrounding the tumor was observed in the hepatobiliary phase. Postresection examination confirmed the tumor to be a metastasis from GAED. Histopathological examination revealed severe invasion of the tumor into the portal vein and hepatic vein surrounding the tumor, which explained the imaging features.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The imaging features of blood flow alternations resulting from vascular invasion may be crucial to diagnosing liver metastases from GAED.</p>","PeriodicalId":23819,"journal":{"name":"World journal of radiology","volume":"17 2","pages":"104518"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11885931/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143587370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imaging evaluation of periprosthetic loosening: A primer for the general radiologist.","authors":"Sahil S Shet, Eid Kakish, Stephen Christopher Murphy, Ryan Roopnarinesingh, Stephen P Power, Michael M Maher, David J Ryan","doi":"10.4329/wjr.v17.i2.102373","DOIUrl":"10.4329/wjr.v17.i2.102373","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In response to an ageing global population, the primary hip and knee arthroplasty rate continues to increase. Although an effective treatment, up to 25% patients may require revision arthroplasty during their lifetime, commonly due to periprosthetic loosening. Revision procedures are associated with significantly increased healthcare costs; therefore, timely and accurate diagnostics are critical for clinicians and patients. Loosening, which may be septic or aseptic, remains a challenge and requires thorough clinical examination and multimodal imaging evaluation. Plain radiographs remain an essential diagnostic tool but advanced imaging modalities such as computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and nuclear medicine are playing an increasingly important role. This comprehensive review, through outlining the available radiological modalities, their respective strengths and weaknesses and the pertinent imaging findings, may help radiologists and orthopaedic surgeons make more informed decisions in the management of periprosthetic loosening.</p>","PeriodicalId":23819,"journal":{"name":"World journal of radiology","volume":"17 2","pages":"102373"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11885930/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143587376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Equilibrium phase images of the liver using a contrast-enhancement boost instead of the portal vein phase.","authors":"Yuji Tachibana, Kenichiro Otsuka, Tomoaki Shiroo, Yoshiki Asayama","doi":"10.4329/wjr.v17.i2.102462","DOIUrl":"10.4329/wjr.v17.i2.102462","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Three-phase dynamic computed tomography imaging is particularly useful in the liver region. However, dynamic imaging with contrast media has the disadvantage of increased radiation exposure due to multiple imaging sessions. We hypothesized that the contrast enhancement boost (CE-boost) technique could be used to enhance the contrast in equilibrium phase (EP) images and produce enhancement similar to that of portal vein phase (PVP) images, and if this is possible, EP imaging could play the same role as PVP imaging. We also speculated that this might allow the conversion of three-phase dynamic imaging to biphasic dynamic imaging, reducing patients' radiation exposure.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To determine if the CE-boost of EP, CE-boost (EP) is useful compared to a conventional image.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed the cases of 52 patients who were diagnosed with liver cancer between January 2016 and October 2022 at our institution. From these computed tomography images, CE-boost images were generated from the EP and plane images. We compared the PVP, EP, and CE-boost (EP) for blood vessels and hepatic parenchyma based on the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), signal-to-noise ratio, and figure-of-merit (FOM). Visual assessments were also performed for vessel visualization, lesion conspicuity, and image noise.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The CE-boost (EP) images showed significant superiority compared to the PVP images in the CNR, signal-to-noise ratio, and FOM except regarding the hepatic parenchyma. No significant differences were detected in CNR or FOM comparisons within the hepatic parenchyma (<i>P</i> = 0.62, 0.67). The comparison of the EP and CE-boost (EP) images consistently favored CE-boost (EP). Regarding the visual assessment, the CE-boost (EP) images were significantly superior to the PVP images in lesion conspicuity, and the PVP in image noise. The CE-boost (EP) images were significantly better than the EP images in the vessel visualization of segmental branches of the portal vein and lesion conspicuity, and the EP in image noise.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The image quality of CE-boost (EP) images was comparable or superior to that of conventional PVP and EP. CE-boost (EP) images might provide information comparable to the conventional PVP.</p>","PeriodicalId":23819,"journal":{"name":"World journal of radiology","volume":"17 2","pages":"102462"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11885925/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143587375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Renal angiomyolipomas: Typical and atypical features on computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging.","authors":"Andres Labra, Giancarlo Schiappacasse, Diego Constenla, Joaquin Cristi","doi":"10.4329/wjr.v17.i2.104282","DOIUrl":"10.4329/wjr.v17.i2.104282","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Angiomyolipomas (AMLs) represent the most common benign solid renal tumors. The frequency of their detection in the general population is increasing owing to advances in imaging technology. The objective of this review is to discuss computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging findings for both typical and atypical renal AMLs, along with their associated complications. AMLs are typically defined as solid triphasic tumors composed of varying amounts of dysmorphic and tortuous blood vessels, smooth muscle components and adipose tissue. In an adult, a classical renal AML appears as a solid, heterogeneous renal cortical mass with macroscopic fat. However, up to 5% of AMLs contain minimal fat and cannot be reliably diagnosed by imaging. Fat-poor AMLs can appear as hyperattenuating masses on unenhanced CT and as hypointense masses on T2WI; other AMLs may be isodense or exhibit cystic components. Hemorrhage is the most common complication, and AMLs with hemorrhage can mimic other tumors, making their diagnosis challenging. Understanding the variable and heterogeneous nature of this neoplasm to correctly classify renal AMLs and to avoid misdiagnosis of other renal lesions is crucial.</p>","PeriodicalId":23819,"journal":{"name":"World journal of radiology","volume":"17 2","pages":"104282"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11885927/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143587398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}