World journal of radiology最新文献

{"title":"Outcomes and efficacy of magnetic resonance imaging-compatible sacral nerve stimulator for management of fecal incontinence: A multi-institutional study.","authors":"Binit Katuwal, Amy Thorsen, Kunal Kochar, Ryba Bhullar, Ray King, Ernesto Raul Drelichman, Vijay K Mittal, Jasneet Singh Bhullar","doi":"10.4329/wjr.v16.i2.32","DOIUrl":"10.4329/wjr.v16.i2.32","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fecal incontinence (FI) is an involuntary passage of fecal matter which can have a significant impact on a patient's quality of life. Many modalities of treatment exist for FI. Sacral nerve stimulation is a well-established treatment for FI. Given the increased need of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for diagnostics, the InterStim which was previously used in sacral nerve stimulation was limited by MRI incompatibility. Medtronic MRI-compatible InterStim was approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration in August 2020 and has been widely used.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the efficacy, outcomes and complications of the MRI-compatible InterStim.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data of patients who underwent MRI-compatible Medtronic InterStim placement at UPMC Williamsport, University of Minnesota, Advocate Lutheran General Hospital, and University of Wisconsin-Madison was pooled and analyzed. Patient demographics, clinical features, surgical techniques, complications, and outcomes were analyzed. Strengthening the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology(STROBE) cross-sectional reporting guidelines were used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventy-three patients had the InterStim implanted. The mean age was 63.29 ± 12.2 years. Fifty-seven (78.1%) patients were females and forty-two (57.5%) patients had diabetes. In addition to incontinence, overlapping symptoms included diarrhea (23.3%), fecal urgency (58.9%), and urinary incontinence (28.8%). Fifteen (20.5%) patients underwent Peripheral Nerve Evaluation before proceeding to definite implant placement. Thirty-two (43.8%) patients underwent rechargeable InterStim placement. Three (4.1%) patients needed removal of the implant. Migration of the external lead connection was observed in 7 (9.6%) patients after the stage I procedure. The explanation for one patient was due to infection. Seven (9.6%) patients had other complications like nerve pain, hematoma, infection, lead fracture, and bleeding. The mean follow-up was 6.62 ± 3.5 mo. Sixty-eight (93.2%) patients reported significant improvement of symptoms on follow-up evaluation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study shows promising results with significant symptom improvement, good efficacy and good patient outcomes with low complication rates while using MRI compatible InterStim for FI. Further long-term follow-up and future studies with a larger patient population is recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":23819,"journal":{"name":"World journal of radiology","volume":"16 2","pages":"32-39"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10915907/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140060608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methods for improving colorectal cancer annotation efficiency for artificial intelligence-observer training.","authors":"Matthew Grudza, Brandon Salinel, Sarah Zeien, Matthew Murphy, Jake Adkins, Corey T Jensen, Curtis Bay, Vikram Kodibagkar, Phillip Koo, Tomislav Dragovich, Michael A Choti, Madappa Kundranda, Tanveer Syeda-Mahmood, Hong-Zhi Wang, John Chang","doi":"10.4329/wjr.v15.i12.359","DOIUrl":"10.4329/wjr.v15.i12.359","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Missing occult cancer lesions accounts for the most diagnostic errors in retrospective radiology reviews as early cancer can be small or subtle, making the lesions difficult to detect. Second-observer is the most effective technique for reducing these events and can be economically implemented with the advent of artificial intelligence (AI).</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To achieve appropriate AI model training, a large annotated dataset is necessary to train the AI models. Our goal in this research is to compare two methods for decreasing the annotation time to establish ground truth: Skip-slice annotation and AI-initiated annotation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We developed a 2D U-Net as an AI second observer for detecting colorectal cancer (CRC) and an ensemble of 5 differently initiated 2D U-Net for ensemble technique. Each model was trained with 51 cases of annotated CRC computed tomography of the abdomen and pelvis, tested with 7 cases, and validated with 20 cases from The Cancer Imaging Archive cases. The sensitivity, false positives per case, and estimated Dice coefficient were obtained for each method of training. We compared the two methods of annotations and the time reduction associated with the technique. The time differences were tested using Friedman's two-way analysis of variance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sparse annotation significantly reduces the time for annotation particularly skipping 2 slices at a time (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Reduction of up to 2/3 of the annotation does not reduce AI model sensitivity or false positives per case. Although initializing human annotation with AI reduces the annotation time, the reduction is minimal, even when using an ensemble AI to decrease false positives.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our data support the sparse annotation technique as an efficient technique for reducing the time needed to establish the ground truth.</p>","PeriodicalId":23819,"journal":{"name":"World journal of radiology","volume":"15 12","pages":"359-369"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10762523/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139098814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep learning-based magnetic resonance imaging reconstruction for improving the image quality of reduced-field-of-view diffusion-weighted imaging of the pancreas.","authors":"Yukihisa Takayama, Keisuke Sato, Shinji Tanaka, Ryo Murayama, Nahoko Goto, Kengo Yoshimitsu","doi":"10.4329/wjr.v15.i12.338","DOIUrl":"10.4329/wjr.v15.i12.338","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>It has been reported that deep learning-based reconstruction (DLR) can reduce image noise and artifacts, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio and image sharpness. However, no previous studies have evaluated the efficacy of DLR in improving image quality in reduced-field-of-view (reduced-FOV) diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) [field-of-view optimized and constrained undistorted single-shot (FOCUS)] of the pancreas. We hypothesized that a combination of these techniques would improve DWI image quality without prolonging the scan time but would influence the apparent diffusion coefficient calculation.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the efficacy of DLR for image quality improvement of FOCUS of the pancreas.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective study evaluated 37 patients with pancreatic cystic lesions who underwent magnetic resonance imaging between August 2021 and October 2021. We evaluated three types of FOCUS examinations: FOCUS with DLR (FOCUS-DLR+), FOCUS without DLR (FOCUS-DLR-), and conventional FOCUS (FOCUS-conv). The three types of FOCUS and their apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps were compared qualitatively and quantitatively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>FOCUS-DLR+ (3.62, average score of two radiologists) showed significantly better qualitative scores for image noise than FOCUS-DLR- (2.62) and FOCUS-conv (2.88) (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Furthermore, FOCUS-DLR+ showed the highest contrast ratio (CR) between the pancreatic parenchyma and adjacent fat tissue for b-values of 0 and 600 s/mm² (0.72 ± 0.08 and 0.68 ± 0.08) and FOCUS-DLR- showed the highest CR between cystic lesions and the pancreatic parenchyma for the b-values of 0 and 600 s/mm² (0.62 ± 0.21 and 0.62 ± 0.21) (<i>P</i> < 0.05), respectively. FOCUS-DLR+ provided significantly higher ADCs of the pancreas and lesion (1.44 ± 0.24 and 3.00 ± 0.66) compared to FOCUS-DLR- (1.39 ± 0.22 and 2.86 ± 0.61) and significantly lower ADCs compared to FOCUS-conv (1.84 ± 0.45 and 3.32 ± 0.70) (<i>P</i> < 0.05), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study evaluated the efficacy of DLR for image quality improvement in reduced-FOV DWI of the pancreas. DLR can significantly denoise images without prolonging the scan time or decreasing the spatial resolution. The denoising level of DWI can be controlled to make the images appear more natural to the human eye. However, this study revealed that DLR did not ameliorate pancreatic distortion. Additionally, physicians should pay attention to the interpretation of ADCs after DLR application because ADCs are significantly changed by DLR.</p>","PeriodicalId":23819,"journal":{"name":"World journal of radiology","volume":"15 12","pages":"338-349"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10762521/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139098812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with gastrointestinal stromal tumor rupture and pathological risk: A single-center retrospective study.","authors":"Jia-Zheng Liu, Zhong-Wen Jia, Ling-Ling Sun","doi":"10.4329/wjr.v15.i12.350","DOIUrl":"10.4329/wjr.v15.i12.350","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is a rare gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumor with potential malignancy. Once the tumor ruptures, regardless of tumor size and mitotic number, it can be identified into a high-risk group. It is of great significance for the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of GIST if non-invasive examination can be performed before surgery to accurately assess the risk of tumor.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To identify the factors associated with GIST rupture and pathological risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cohort of 50 patients with GISTs, as confirmed by postoperative pathology, was selected from our hospital. Clinicopathological and computed tomography data of the patients were collected. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate factors associated with GIST rupture and pathological risk grade.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pathological risk grade, tumor diameter, tumor morphology, internal necrosis, gas-liquid interface, and Ki-67 index exhibited significant associations with GIST rupture (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Gender, tumor diameter, tumor rupture, and Ki-67 index were found to be correlated with pathological risk grade of GIST (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Multifactorial logistic regression analysis revealed that male gender and tumor diameter ≥ 10 cm were independent predictors of a high pathological risk grade of GIST [odds ratio (OR) = 11.12, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 1.81-68.52, <i>P</i> = 0.01; OR = 22.96, 95%CI: 2.19-240.93, <i>P</i> = 0.01]. Tumor diameter ≥ 10 cm, irregular shape, internal necrosis, gas-liquid interface, and Ki-67 index ≥ 10 were identified as independent predictors of a high risk of GIST rupture (OR = 9.67, 95%CI: 2.15-43.56, <i>P</i> = 0.01; OR = 35.44, 95%CI: 4.01-313.38, <i>P</i> < 0.01; OR = 18.75, 95%CI: 3.40-103.34, <i>P</i> < 0.01; OR = 27.00, 95%CI: 3.10-235.02, <i>P</i> < 0.01; OR = 4.43, 95%CI: 1.10-17.92, <i>P</i> = 0.04).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Tumor diameter, tumor morphology, internal necrosis, gas-liquid, and Ki-67 index are associated with GIST rupture, while gender and tumor diameter are linked to the pathological risk of GIST. These findings contribute to our understanding of GIST and may inform non-invasive examination strategies and risk assessment for this condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":23819,"journal":{"name":"World journal of radiology","volume":"15 12","pages":"350-358"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10762522/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139098813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between late gadolinium enhancement and outcome in dilated cardiomyopathy: A meta-analysis.","authors":"Xin-Yi Feng, Wen-Feng He, Tian-Yue Zhang, Ling-Li Wang, Fan Yang, Yu-Ling Feng, Chun-Ping Li, Rui Li","doi":"10.4329/wjr.v15.i11.324","DOIUrl":"10.4329/wjr.v15.i11.324","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The prognostic value of late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) derived from cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is well studied, and several new metrics of LGE have emerged. However, some controversies remain; therefore, further discussion is needed, and more precise risk stratification should be explored.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the associations between the positivity, extent, location, and pattern of LGE and multiple outcomes in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library were searched for studies that investigated the prognostic value of LGE in patients with DCM. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals were calculated to assess the role of LGE in the risk stratification of DCM.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nineteen studies involving 7330 patients with DCM were included in this meta-analysis and covered a wide spectrum of DCM, with a mean left ventricular ejection fraction between 21% and 50%. The meta-analysis revealed that the presence of LGE was associated with an increased risk of multiple adverse outcomes (all-cause mortality, HR: 2.14; arrhythmic events, HR: 5.12; and composite endpoints, HR: 2.38; all <i>P</i> < 0.001). Furthermore, every 1% increment in the extent of LGE was associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality. Analysis of a subgroup revealed that the prognostic value varied based on different location and pattern of LGE. Additionally, we found that LGE was a stronger predictor of arrhythmic events in patients with greater left ventricular ejection fraction.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>LGE by CMR in patients with DCM exhibited a substantial value in predicting adverse outcomes, and the extent, location, and pattern of LGE could provide additional information for risk stratification.</p>","PeriodicalId":23819,"journal":{"name":"World journal of radiology","volume":"15 11","pages":"324-337"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10696187/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138499591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiomics analysis with three-dimensional and two-dimensional segmentation to predict survival outcomes in pancreatic cancer.","authors":"Mohammed Saleh, Mayur Virarkar, Hagar S Mahmoud, Vincenzo K Wong, Carlos Ignacio Gonzalez Baerga, Miti Parikh, Sherif B Elsherif, Priya R Bhosale","doi":"10.4329/wjr.v15.i11.304","DOIUrl":"10.4329/wjr.v15.i11.304","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Radiomics can assess prognostic factors in several types of tumors, but considering its prognostic ability in pancreatic cancer has been lacking.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the performance of two different radiomics software in assessing survival outcomes in pancreatic cancer patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively reviewed pretreatment contrast-enhanced dual-energy computed tomography images from 48 patients with biopsy-confirmed pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma who later underwent neoadjuvant chemoradiation and surgery. Tumors were segmented using TexRad software for 2-dimensional (2D) analysis and MIM software for 3D analysis, followed by radiomic feature extraction. Cox proportional hazard modeling correlated texture features with overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Cox regression was used to detect differences in OS related to pretreatment tumor size and residual tumor following treatment. The Wilcoxon test was used to show the relationship between tumor volume and the percent of residual tumor. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to compare survival in patients with different tumor densities in Hounsfield units for both 2D and 3D analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>3D analysis showed that higher mean tumor density [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.971, <i>P</i> = 0.041)] and higher median tumor density (HR = 0.970, <i>P</i> = 0.037) correlated with better OS. 2D analysis showed that higher mean tumor density (HR = 0.963, <i>P</i> = 0.014) and higher mean positive pixels (HR = 0.962, <i>P</i> = 0.014) correlated with better OS; higher skewness (HR = 3.067, <i>P</i> = 0.008) and higher kurtosis (HR = 1.176, <i>P</i> = 0.029) correlated with worse OS. Higher entropy correlated with better PFS (HR = 0.056, <i>P</i> = 0.036). Models determined that patients with increased tumor size greater than 1.35 cm were likely to have a higher percentage of residual tumors of over 10%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Several radiomics features can be used as prognostic tools for pancreatic cancer. However, results vary between 2D and 3D analyses. Mean tumor density was the only variable that could reliably predict OS, irrespective of the analysis used.</p>","PeriodicalId":23819,"journal":{"name":"World journal of radiology","volume":"15 11","pages":"304-314"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10696186/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138499593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imaging assessment of photosensitizer emission induced by radionuclide-derived Cherenkov radiation using charge-coupled device optical imaging and long-pass filters.","authors":"Winn Aung, Atsushi B Tsuji, Kazuaki Rikiyama, Fumihiko Nishikido, Satoshi Obara, Tatsuya Higashi","doi":"10.4329/wjr.v15.i11.315","DOIUrl":"10.4329/wjr.v15.i11.315","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Radionuclides produce Cherenkov radiation (CR), which can potentially activate photosensitizers (PSs) in phototherapy. Several groups have studied Cherenkov energy transfer to PSs using optical imaging; however, cost-effectively identifying whether PSs are excited by radionuclide-derived CR and detecting fluorescence emission from excited PSs remain a challenge. Many laboratories face the need for expensive dedicated equipment.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To cost-effectively confirm whether PSs are excited by radionuclide-derived CR and distinguish fluorescence emission from excited PSs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The absorbance and fluorescence spectra of PSs were measured using a microplate reader and fluorescence spectrometer to examine the photo-physical properties of PSs. To mitigate the need for expensive dedicated equipment and achieve the aim of the study, we developed a method that utilizes a charge-coupled device optical imaging system and appropriate long-pass filters of different wavelengths (manual sequential application of long-pass filters of 515, 580, 645, 700, 750, and 800 nm). Tetrakis (4-carboxyphenyl) porphyrin (TCPP) was utilized as a model PS. Different doses of copper-64 (⁶⁴CuCl₂) (4, 2, and 1 mCi) were used as CR-producing radionuclides. Imaging and data acquisition were performed 0.5 h after sample preparation. Differential image analysis was conducted by using ImageJ software (National Institutes of Health) to visually evaluate TCPP fluorescence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The maximum absorbance of TCPP was at 390-430 nm, and the emission peak was at 670 nm. The CR and CR-induced TCPP emissions were observed using the optical imaging system and the high-transmittance long-pass filters described above. The emission spectra of TCPP with a peak in the 645-700 nm window were obtained by calculation and subtraction based on the serial signal intensity (total flux) difference between ⁶⁴CuCl₂ + TCPP and ⁶⁴CuCl₂. Moreover, the differential fluorescence images of TCPP were obtained by subtracting the ⁶⁴CuCl₂ image from the ⁶⁴CuCl₂ + TCPP image. The experimental results considering different ⁶⁴CuCl₂ doses showed a dose-dependent trend. These results demonstrate that a bioluminescence imaging device coupled with different long-pass filters and subtraction image processing can confirm the emission spectra and differential fluorescence images of CR-induced TCPP.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This simple method identifies the PS fluorescence emission generated by radionuclide-derived CR and can contribute to accelerating the development of Cherenkov energy transfer imaging and the discovery of new PSs.</p>","PeriodicalId":23819,"journal":{"name":"World journal of radiology","volume":"15 11","pages":"315-323"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10696188/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138499592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does the use of computed tomography scenogram alone enable diagnosis in cases of bowel obstruction?","authors":"Ozlem Kadirhan, Volkan Kızılgoz, Sonay Aydin, Esra Bilici, Ekrem Bayat, Mecit Kantarci","doi":"10.4329/wjr.v15.i10.281","DOIUrl":"10.4329/wjr.v15.i10.281","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Ileus is a pathological condition of the abdomen that presents as a medical emergency. It is characterized by potential complications such as perforation and ischemia, which can lead to significant morbidity and mortality if not promptly addressed. The successful management of ileus relies heavily on the timely and precise identification of the condition. While conventional radiography (CR) is commonly used as the primary diagnostic tool, its accuracy in identifying obstructions ranges from 46% to 80%. Furthermore, the diagnostic accuracy of identifying the location and etiology of intestinal obstruction by CR is limited, therefore making computed tomography (CT) the ideal imaging modality in this regard.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim: &lt;/strong&gt;To determine the presence of acute bowel obstruction (BO) on abdominal CT scenogram images and the accuracy of determining its possible location, taking into account the experience of the observers.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A retrospective screening was conducted on an ensemble of 46 individuals who presented to the emergency department between January 2021 and January 2022 with severe abdominal pain and were subsequently monitored for suspected ileus. The abdominal CT scans of these patients were assessed by three radiologists with varying levels of experience (1, 3, and 10 years) at different intervals (1 mo apart). The evaluation focused on determining the presence or absence of BO, as well as identifying the potential location of the obstruction (small bowel or large bowel). The study employed Kappa statistics to assess inter-observer variances, while the McNamer test was used to evaluate obstruction and segmentation discrepancies between observations. A significance level of &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05 was determined to indicate statistical significance.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Out of the total sample size of 46 patients, 15 individuals (32.6%) were identified as female, while the remaining 31 individuals (67.4%) were identified as male. The ultimate diagnosis of 42 instances (91.3%) indicated ileus resulting from mechanical obstruction (MO). Among these patients, 14 (33%) experienced obstruction in the large bowel (LB), while 28 (66%) experienced obstruction in the small bowel (SB). The initial evaluation yielded sensitivity rates of 76.19%, 83.31%, and 83.33%, and diagnostic accuracy rates of 69.56%, 76.08%, and 80.43% for the detection of BO among the three observers. The initial study revealed that the average sensitivity of three observers in detecting the presence of ileus caused by MO was 80.94%, while the diagnostic accuracy was 75.35%. Based on the first evaluation, the senior observer demonstrated the highest sensitivity (85.71%), negative predictive value (92.60%), and diagnostic accuracy (80.43%) when accurately estimating the thick and thin segmentation, as per the final diagnosis. There was no statistically significant disparity observed in the sensitivities pertai","PeriodicalId":23819,"journal":{"name":"World journal of radiology","volume":"15 10","pages":"281-292"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10631369/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134650042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two-point Dixon and six-point Dixon magnetic resonance techniques in the detection, quantification and grading of hepatic steatosis.","authors":"Mohamed Elfaal, Alanna Supersad, Craig Ferguson, Stephanie Locas, Florin Manolea, Mitchell P Wilson, Medica Sam, Wendy Tu, Gavin Low","doi":"10.4329/wjr.v15.i10.293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4329/wjr.v15.i10.293","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hepatic steatosis is a very common problem worldwide.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To assess the performance of two- and six-point Dixon magnetic resonance (MR) techniques in the detection, quantification and grading of hepatic steatosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A single-center retrospective study was performed in 62 patients with suspected parenchymal liver disease. MR sequences included two-point Dixon, six-point Dixon, MR spectroscopy (MRS) and MR elastography. Fat fraction (FF) estimates on the Dixon techniques were compared to the MRS-proton density FF (PDFF). Statistical tests used included Pearson's correlation and receiver operating characteristic.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>FF estimates on the Dixon techniques showed excellent correlation (≥ 0.95) with MRS-PDFF, and excellent accuracy [area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) ≥ 0.95] in: (1) Detecting steatosis; and (2) Grading severe steatosis, (<i>P</i> < 0.001). In iron overload, two-point Dixon was not evaluable due to confounding T2* effects. FF estimates on six-point Dixon <i>vs</i> MRS-PDFF showed a moderate correlation (0.82) in iron overload <i>vs</i> an excellent correlation (0.97) without iron overload, (<i>P</i> < 0.03). The accuracy of six-point Dixon in grading mild steatosis improved (AUROC: 0.59 to 0.99) when iron overload cases were excluded. The excellent correlation (> 0.9) between the Dixon techniques <i>vs</i> MRS-PDFF did not change in the presence of liver fibrosis (<i>P</i> < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dixon techniques performed satisfactorily for the evaluation of hepatic steatosis but with exceptions.</p>","PeriodicalId":23819,"journal":{"name":"World journal of radiology","volume":"15 10","pages":"293-303"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10631370/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134650043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distinctive magnetic resonance imaging features in primary central nervous system lymphoma: A case report.","authors":"Li-Hong Liu,&nbsp;Han-Wen Zhang,&nbsp;Hong-Bo Zhang,&nbsp;Xiao-Lei Liu,&nbsp;Hua-Zhen Deng,&nbsp;Fan Lin,&nbsp;Biao Huang","doi":"10.4329/wjr.v15.i9.274","DOIUrl":"10.4329/wjr.v15.i9.274","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare malignant tumor originating from the lymphatic hematopoietic system. It exhibits unique imaging manifestations due to its biological characteristics.</p><p><strong>Case summary: </strong>Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI), and magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed. The imaging findings showed multiple space-occupying lesions with low signal on T1-weighted imaging, uniform high signal on T2-weighted imaging, and obvious enhancement on contrast-enhanced scans. DWI revealed diffusion restriction, PWI demonstrated hypoperfusion, and spectroscopy showed elevated choline peak and decreased N-acetylaspartic acid. The patient's condition significantly improved after hormone shock therapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case highlights the distinctive imaging features of PCNSL and their importance in accurate diagnosis and management.</p>","PeriodicalId":23819,"journal":{"name":"World journal of radiology","volume":"15 9","pages":"274-280"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/09/8f/WJR-15-274.PMC10563853.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41214414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}