Plant Pathology Journal最新文献

{"title":"Radiation Disinfection Threshold of Botrytis cinerea Under X-ray and Gamma Irradiation.","authors":"Gyeong-Seo Jo, Yeong-Hyeok Kwak, Min-Goo Park, Hae-Jun Park","doi":"10.5423/PPJ.OA.09.2025.0137","DOIUrl":"10.5423/PPJ.OA.09.2025.0137","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Radiation-based disinfection is a validated approach for controlling microbes and plant pathogens in agriculture and the food chain. Botrytis cinerea, a major necrotrophic pathogen of many crops, is a pertinent target for such non-chemical treatments. Here, we compared the effectiveness of gamma and X-ray irradiation with an emphasis on dose rate as a process variable, and assessed survival/regrowth on potato dextrose agar and loss of pathogenicity on strawberry fruit. At a fixed total dose of 6 kGy, gamma irradiation showed a clear dose-rate dependence: 0.5 kGy h⁻¹ permitted regrowth within 28 days, 1.0 kGy h⁻¹ resulted in lagged regrowth beginning after day 14, whereas 2.0 kGy h⁻¹ yielded no regrowth during the observation period. X-ray treatment at 6 kGy (≈2.5 kGy h⁻¹) likewise resulted in no colony expansion for a period of up to 28 days. Culture negativity was concordant with loss of pathogenicity on strawberries, supporting culture negativity as a practical disinfection endpoint. Collectively, these results indicate that, under our conditions, the critical disinfection dose (D_crit) for B. cinerea is ≤6 kGy when delivered at ≥2.0 kGy h⁻¹ (gamma) or at approximately 2.5 kGy h⁻¹ (X-ray), and that dose rate materially modulates survival/repair dynamics at a given total dose. This study defines process windows for effective application of irradiation and supports the practical deployment of radiation disinfection for quarantine and postharvest management of B. cinerea.</p>","PeriodicalId":20173,"journal":{"name":"Plant Pathology Journal","volume":" ","pages":"138-145"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13066819/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147348839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pepper G-type Lectin Receptor-like Kinase, CaRLK1, Modulates ABA-Mediated Stomatal Closure and Drought Tolerance.","authors":"Jihye Choi, Dae Sung Kim, Chae Woo Lim, Sung Chul Lee","doi":"10.5423/PPJ.NT.01.2026.0008","DOIUrl":"10.5423/PPJ.NT.01.2026.0008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lectin receptor-like kinases (LecRLKs) are plant-specific kinases that play critical roles in stress signaling. G-type LecRLKs, which possess an α-mannose-binding bulb lectin domain, are implicated in diverse stress responses; however, their roles in drought responses in pepper plants remain poorly understood. Therefore, this study aims to identify and functionally characterize a pepper G-type LecRLK, CaRLK1. CaRLK1 expression was significantly induced by multiple abiotic stresses, particularly dehydration. Additionally, functional analysis using virus-induced gene silencing revealed that CaRLK1-silenced pepper plants showed reduced drought tolerance and increased leaf water loss, associated with impaired stomatal closure and attenuated leaf temperature increases following abscisic acid (ABA) treatment. Moreover, CaRLK1 silencing reduced the expression of several drought-responsive genes, including CaOSR1, CaDREBLP1, and CaLOX1, under dehydration conditions. Collectively, these findings suggest that CaRLK1 functions as a positive regulator of drought stress responses in pepper plants by modulating ABA-dependent stomatal aperture dynamics and drought-responsive gene expression.</p>","PeriodicalId":20173,"journal":{"name":"Plant Pathology Journal","volume":"42 2","pages":"228-233"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13066813/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147645986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum: A Vibe Coding Workflow for AI-Assisted Analysis and Visualization of Genbank Records of Pepper Infecting Viruses.","authors":"Eseul Baek, Ho-Jong Ju, Jiwan Seo, Ju-Yeon Yoon","doi":"10.5423/PPJ.ER.02.2025.0154","DOIUrl":"10.5423/PPJ.ER.02.2025.0154","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20173,"journal":{"name":"Plant Pathology Journal","volume":" ","pages":"234-236"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13066798/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147348734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Dissection of Resistance to Pseudomonas amygdali pv. tabaci in Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] by Linkage Analysis.","authors":"Seo Yoon Yang, In-Jeong Kang, Ji-Min Kim, Sungtaeg Kang, Sungwoo Lee","doi":"10.5423/PPJ.NT.10.2025.0142","DOIUrl":"10.5423/PPJ.NT.10.2025.0142","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Wildfire, caused by Pseudomonas amygdali pv. tabaci (Pat), is a severe bacterial disease of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. Enhancing resistance to wildfire is an important breeding goal, yet genetic studies remain limited. This study aimed to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with partial resistance to Pat using a Daepung × Taekwang recombinant inbred line (RIL) population. Sixty RILs were evaluated for resistance to the Pat isolate 'W14-M1'. Two QTL associated with resistance to Pat were identified on chromosomes 4 and 5, explaining 14.1% and 19.1% of the phenotypic variance, respectively. Daepung contributed the resistance alleles at both loci. The identified genomic regions overlapped with previously reported resistance QTL for bacterial, fungal, and nematode Pathogens. These findings indicate that Daepung is a valuable source of resistance to Pat, and the detected QTL may facilitate the development of molecular markers for pyramiding multiple disease resistance traits in soybean breeding program.</p>","PeriodicalId":20173,"journal":{"name":"Plant Pathology Journal","volume":"42 2","pages":"207-214"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13066806/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147645996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of Rhizosphere Streptomyces hachijoensis JCK-6068 as a Multifunctional Agent for the Control of Soil-Borne Fungal and Oomycete Diseases.","authors":"Feng Luo, Hanna Gwak, Ae Ran Park, Sy Bien Vuong, Jin-Cheol Kim","doi":"10.5423/PPJ.OA.12.2025.0187","DOIUrl":"10.5423/PPJ.OA.12.2025.0187","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Soil-borne fungal and oomycete pathogens endanger global crop production, highlighting the need for sustainable alternatives to chemical fungicides. In this study, an antagonistic actinomycete isolated from agricultural soil was identified as Streptomyces hachijoensis JCK-6068 through 16S rRNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. S. hachijoensis JCK-6068 exhibited broad-spectrum antifungal and antioomycete activity in dual-culture and minimum inhibitory concentration assays. Biochemical characterization revealed the production of multiple hydrolytic enzymes, including cellulase, chitinase, protease, and gelatinase, along with the phytohormone indole-3-acetic acid. Volatile organic compounds produced by JCK-6068 strongly inhibited pathogen growth in vitro, and gas chromatography- mass spectrometry identified 2-methyl-2-bornene as the predominant component. In vivo assays demonstrated that curative application of the 10-fold diluted fermentation broth provided effective control of creeping bentgrass dollar spot (74.31%), pepper Phytophthora blight (68.88%), cucumber Fusarium wilt (61.11%), and cucumber damping-off (88.89%). Preventive treatment with 1000-fold dilution of fermentation broth is as effective as chemical fungicides in controlling cucumber damping-off and Fusarium wilt. Furthermore, treatment of PR1::GUS transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings with JCK-6068-derived materials induced strong PR1 expression, indicating elicitor activity consistent with salicylic acid-responsive defenses signaling. To facilitate practical application, a wettable powder formulation derived from the n-butanol extract of JCK-6068 was evaluated under greenhouse conditions, achieving 91.67% control of cucumber Fusarium wilt at a 500-fold dilution and 77.78% control of cucumber damping-off at a 250-fold dilution, comparable to commercial chemical fungicides. Collectively, these findings highlight the multifaceted biocontrol potential of S. hachijoensis JCK-6068 as a sustainable biocontrol agent for soil-borne fungal disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":20173,"journal":{"name":"Plant Pathology Journal","volume":" ","pages":"146-165"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13066809/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147309046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The rfbA Gene as a High-Resolution Marker for Pathovar-Level Classification of Xanthomonas citri and Pseudomonas syringae.","authors":"Seung Yeup Lee, Suin Yang, Minju Yun, Eunjung Roh","doi":"10.5423/PPJ.NT.10.2025.0141","DOIUrl":"10.5423/PPJ.NT.10.2025.0141","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bacterial identification and classification are commonly performed based on the sequence of the 16S rRNA and several gold-standard marker genes, such as gyrB and recA. However, certain bacterial genera, including Xanthomonas and Pseudomonas, present challenges in clear classification at the species or subspecies level using these single-marker genes. Here, we explored the potential of the rfbA gene as a novel marker for bacterial classification. The rfbA gene, involved in lipopolysaccharide synthesis, is a conserved gene present in most gram-negative bacteria and is sufficiently short (approximately 850 bp). In this study, we identified that rfbA has undergone host-specific adaptive evolution, distinguishing it from conserved housekeeping genes. Therefore, we targeted Xanthomonas and Pseudomonas species to demonstrate the utility of rfbA in resolving taxonomic challenges at the pathovar level. These differences were strongly associated with the hosts of the respective strains, suggesting a potential evolutionary link between rfbA variation and host specificity.</p>","PeriodicalId":20173,"journal":{"name":"Plant Pathology Journal","volume":"42 2","pages":"222-227"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13066817/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147646052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proteomic Insights into the Antibacterial Mechanism of Brevibacillus brevis HK544 Producing Edeine B1 against Erwinia amylovora.","authors":"Yeong Seok Kim, Haerim Rhyu, Bomin Kim, Minh Van Nguyen, Jae Woo Han, Gyung Ja Choi, Hokyoung Son, Sang-Wook Han, Hun Kim","doi":"10.5423/PPJ.NT.12.2025.0185","DOIUrl":"10.5423/PPJ.NT.12.2025.0185","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recently, we reported that Brevibacillus brevis HK544, which produces edeine B1 (EB1), exhibits promising antimicrobial activity against plant pathogens. To elucidate its antibacterial mechanisms against Erwinia amylovora, the causal agent of fire blight, we conducted label-free shotgun proteomic analysis of E. amylovora TS3128 treated with B. brevis culture filtrate (CF) or purified EB1. Comparative analysis showed significant (over twofold) changes in 45 of 624 and 81 of 846 quantified proteins following CF and EB1 treatments, respectively. Functional categorization revealed altered abundances of proteins associated with energy production, ribosome biogenesis, and cell wall/membrane/ envelope biogenesis in both treatments. Notably, 42 and 75 translation-related proteins were differentially expressed in CF- and EB1-treated samples, respectively, consistent with the proposed translation-inhibitory activity of EB1. These findings provide insights into the cellular targets and antibacterial mode of action of B. brevis HK544 and EB1, supporting their potential as biocontrol agents against fire blight.</p>","PeriodicalId":20173,"journal":{"name":"Plant Pathology Journal","volume":" ","pages":"215-221"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13066807/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147309036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phylogenetic Diversity, Pathogenicity and Host Range of Verticillium longisporum and V. dahliae Associated with Verticillium Wilt of Chinese Cabbage in Korea.","authors":"Nazila Saadati, Jeomsoon Kim","doi":"10.5423/PPJ.OA.10.2025.0139","DOIUrl":"10.5423/PPJ.OA.10.2025.0139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Verticillium wilt, caused by Verticillium dahliae and V. longisporum, has emerged as a serious threat to Chinese cabbage production in Korea. To clarify the population structure, pathogenicity, and host range of these pathogens, we collected 60 isolates from major Chinese cabbage-growing regions and conducted multilocus phylogenetic analyses based on five nuclear genes. Pathogenicity assays were carried out on Chinese cabbage, and host range assays were conducted on diverse crops. The results showed that V. longisporum lineage A1/D1, the predominant lineage in Europe and North America, dominated across all surveyed regions, while a single A1/D3 lineage isolate was detected for the first time in Korea. Pathogenicity tests demonstrated that V. longisporum was generally more aggressive on Chinese cabbage than V. dahliae, with the A1/D3 isolate displaying the highest virulence among all isolates tested. Host range assays revealed that V. longisporum was restricted to cruciferous crops, whereas V. dahliae infected crucifers as well as solanaceous and several other crops, indicating broader epidemiological risks. Non-host crops such as barley, buckwheat, carrot, maize, and sudangrass were not infected by either species, suggesting their potential use in crop rotation. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that V. longisporum, particularly lineage A1/D1, is the major causal agent of Verticillium wilt epidemics in Korean Chinese cabbage production. The detection of aggressive A1/D3 lineage and genetically diverse V. dahliae populations underscores additional long-term risks that necessitate continuous monitoring, resistance breeding, and integrated disease management.</p>","PeriodicalId":20173,"journal":{"name":"Plant Pathology Journal","volume":"42 2","pages":"166-177"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13066814/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147646011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential Pathogenicity and Secreted in Xylem Gene Patterns in Fusarium spp. Causing Onion Basal Rot.","authors":"Sieun Kim, Ha-Kyoung Lee, Da-Ran Kim, You-Kyoung Han","doi":"10.5423/PPJ.OA.08.2025.0115","DOIUrl":"10.5423/PPJ.OA.08.2025.0115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fusarium basal rot (FBR) poses a serious threat to onion (Allium cepa L.) production worldwide. In South Korea, FBR is primarily associated with Fusarium oxysporum, F. commune, and F. proliferatum. To investigate the relationship between effector gene profiles and virulence, we screened 34 isolates collected from FBR-affected fields for 14 Secreted in Xylem (SIX) genes and three additional effector candidates (CRX1, CRX2, and C5). F. oxysporum isolates carrying the effector suite SIX3, SIX5, SIX7, SIX9, SIX10, SIX12, SIX14, together with CRX1, CRX2 and C5, exhibited significantly higher aggressiveness on onion seedlings and bulbs than effector-negative strains. Among F. commune isolates lacking SIX genes, those carrying both CRX1 and CRX2 tended to show greater pathogenicity than CRX-negative strains. Nevertheless, SIX-negative strains still caused substantial seedling loss and bulb-rot, indicating the involvement of SIX-independent virulence factors. All F. proliferatum isolates were comparably pathogenic to SIX-negative F. oxysporum and F. commune strains, and uniformly carried SIX2-1 and CRX2, with a subset also harboring the SIX2-2 homologue. Across all isolates, SIX9 was the most frequently detected SIX gene and was markedly enriched in strains exhibiting strong pathogenicity. We developed and validated a SIX9-targeted quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay that specifically detects SIX9-positive Fusarium isolates (mainly F. oxysporum and F. commune), with detection limits of 1 pg of DNA or 10⁴ conidia/g soil. These findings enhance our understanding of effector repertoires contributing to Fusarium pathogenicity on onion and provide a molecular tool to support FBR diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":20173,"journal":{"name":"Plant Pathology Journal","volume":"42 2","pages":"178-190"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13066815/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147646071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Involvement of Phytohormone Responses of Rubber Leaves after Pestalotiopsis microspora Infection Revealed with Transcriptome Analysis.","authors":"Afdholiatus Syafaah, Fetrina Oktavia, Masaharu Kawauchi, Yuko Makita, Minami Matsui, Stephany Angelia Tumewu, Masafumi Shimizu, Kazuki Sugekawa, Yoshiharu Y Yamamoto","doi":"10.5423/PPJ.FT.12.2025.0175","DOIUrl":"10.5423/PPJ.FT.12.2025.0175","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The circular leaf disease, caused by Pestalotiopsis spp., is a new primary foliar disease characterized by yellow-brown lesions that develop into dark-brown lesions on rubber leaves. This disease, named leaf fall disease, has recently led to significant economic losses in countries that produce natural rubber. However, molecular mechanisms that are involved in the interaction between P. microspora and rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) remain unclear. In this study, we conducted transcriptome analysis using RNA-seq of a susceptible rubber clone (GT1) after an inoculation with the mycelial plug of P. microspora. Among 84,443 rubber genes, the analysis revealed 3,799, 7,274, and 4,678 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) at 2, 4, and 6 days post-infection (dpi), respectively. Our Gene Ontology analysis of the DEGs detected the GO terms of the general hypersensitive response and systemic acquired resistance, which is known to be mediated by salicylic acid and hydrogen peroxide. We also detected the GO terms related to abscisic acid and ethylene responses. In addition, the detection of these two phytohormone transcriptional responses suggests the possible involvement of abscisic acid and/or ethylene in the process that led to the leaf fall symptom in susceptible rubber. Further, our promoter analysis to extract putative promoter elements responsive to the pathogen supported ethylene signaling activation by the pathogen infection. In addition, we extracted general Regulatory Element Groups that are position-dependent cis-regulatory elements, and established molecular markers for quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Our study provides genomic information and convenient tools for facilitating further exploration of Hevea-Pestalotiopsis interaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":20173,"journal":{"name":"Plant Pathology Journal","volume":"42 2","pages":"191-206"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13066818/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147646019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}