Plant Pathology Journal最新文献

Metagenomic Sequencing of Maize Reveals Abundant Genomic RNA of a Comovirus, a Genus Previously Known to Infect Only Dicots. 玉米宏基因组测序揭示了一种科莫病毒的丰富基因组RNA，这种病毒以前只感染玉米。

IF 2.5 3区农林科学

Plant Pathology Journal Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.5423/PPJ.OA.06.2025.0077

Havva Ilbağı, Surapathrudu Kanakala, Rick Masonbrink, Zachary Lozier, W Allen Miller

{"title":"Metagenomic Sequencing of Maize Reveals Abundant Genomic RNA of a Comovirus, a Genus Previously Known to Infect Only Dicots.","authors":"Havva Ilbağı, Surapathrudu Kanakala, Rick Masonbrink, Zachary Lozier, W Allen Miller","doi":"10.5423/PPJ.OA.06.2025.0077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5423/PPJ.OA.06.2025.0077","url":null,"abstract":"To better understand the diversity of viral pathogens in Türkiye, a major exporter of cereals in Europe, we performed high-throughput sequencing of total RNA from maize plants collected in the Trakya region. Certain maize plants exhibiting mosaic and mottle symptoms, gathered from Tekirdağ province in Trakya, yielded large numbers of reads corresponding to the genome of a divergent strain of a comovirus, which corresponds to turnip ringspot virus (TuRSV), a recognized species of the genus Comovirus. This finding is unexpected because all known comoviruses infect only dicotyledonous species, and the known host range of TuRSV has been limited to plants in the Brassicaceae family. The nearly complete and partial nucleotide sequences of the bipartite genome of the maize isolate, as named TuRSVTR59, consist of 6,027 nt TuRSV-TR59 RNA1 and 3,920 nt TuRSV-TR59 RNA2, excluding poly (A) tails. RNA1 and RNA2 each encode a single ORF of 1,860 and 1,096 codons, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that TuRSV-TR59 from Türkiye clustered with other TuRSV isolates from diverse hosts and regions, showing highest identity to isolates from Germany, Czech Republic, and Croatia (80.56-77.77% and 92.09-90.50% nucleotide and amino acid sequence identities, respectively). The ability of TuRSV-TR59 isolate to infect maize was confirmed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Surveys in the Tekirdağ province of Türkiye, done in 2022-2025, revealed that 2 out of 145 maize samples (1.38%) and 8 out of 116 canola samples (6.89%) were found infected with TuRSV. This is the first report of a comovirus in maize from a monocotyledonous plant species.","PeriodicalId":20173,"journal":{"name":"Plant Pathology Journal","volume":"41 5","pages":"656-670"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145207210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Proteomic Analysis of a Leaf Spot Pathogen, Xanthomonas euvesicatoria pv. euvesicatoria 173 upon Sublethal Dose of Cinnamon Essential Oil. 一株叶斑病病原菌黄单胞菌的蛋白质组学分析。肉桂精油的亚致死剂量

IF 2.5 3区农林科学

Plant Pathology Journal Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.5423/PPJ.NT.05.2025.0067

Hyo-Song Nam, Yu-Na Kim, Jeong-Yong Cho, Young Cheol Kim

{"title":"Proteomic Analysis of a Leaf Spot Pathogen, Xanthomonas euvesicatoria pv. euvesicatoria 173 upon Sublethal Dose of Cinnamon Essential Oil.","authors":"Hyo-Song Nam, Yu-Na Kim, Jeong-Yong Cho, Young Cheol Kim","doi":"10.5423/PPJ.NT.05.2025.0067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5423/PPJ.NT.05.2025.0067","url":null,"abstract":"Cinnamon essential oil (CEO) exhibits antimicrobial activity in a dose-dependent manner, offering potential for controlling plant bacterial diseases. This study investigated the effects of CEO on Xanthomonas euvesicatoria pv. euvesicatoria 173, the causal agent of pepper bacterial spot disease. Treatment with an EC50 dose of CEO significantly altered bacterial culturability and protein expression profiles. Proteomic analyses revealed that, relative to untreated control, a TonB-dependent receptor and a Clp protease were upregulated, and ATP-binding cassette transporter proteins were downregulated in the CEO-exposed X. euvesicatoria. Quantitative real-time PCR confirmed that TonB and Clp proteases abundance positively correlated with transcriptional upregulation of their corresponding genes. Our findings suggest that CEO disrupts cellular homeostasis by targeting key membrane functions. Further investigation is required to elucidate how key changes in transport and proteolytic systems contribute to the control by CEO of the plant pathogen, X. euvesicatoria.","PeriodicalId":20173,"journal":{"name":"Plant Pathology Journal","volume":"41 5","pages":"699-707"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145207139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Managing Plant Viruses in Tissue-Cultured Apple and Grapevine: Strategies for Detection and Eradication. 组织培养苹果和葡萄藤的植物病毒管理：检测和根除策略。

IF 2.5 3区农林科学

Plant Pathology Journal Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.5423/PPJ.RW.07.2025.0092

Chae-Min Kang, Min-Jae Kim, Jin-Sung Hong, Rae-Dong Jeong

{"title":"Managing Plant Viruses in Tissue-Cultured Apple and Grapevine: Strategies for Detection and Eradication.","authors":"Chae-Min Kang, Min-Jae Kim, Jin-Sung Hong, Rae-Dong Jeong","doi":"10.5423/PPJ.RW.07.2025.0092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5423/PPJ.RW.07.2025.0092","url":null,"abstract":"Producing virus-free planting materials is fundamental to sustainable fruit tree cultivation, particularly for high-value crops such as apple (Malus domestica) and grapevine (Vitis vinifera). Given the systemic and persistent nature of most plant viruses and viroids, effective elimination remains a major challenge within a tissue culture-based propagation system. Therefore, this review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of conventional virus elimination strategies-including thermotherapy, meristem and shoot tip culture, chemotherapy, and electrotherapy-while highlighting their respective strengths and limitations. Concurrently, advancements in virus detection technologies have significantly enhanced the sensitivity, speed, and precision of virus indexing, enabling the early detection of low-titer or latent infections in plantlets cultured in vitro. Besides eradication strategies, increasing attention is directed toward virus inhibition approaches. RNA interferencebased methods and plant-derived antiviral agents demonstrate promising antiviral activity in tissue-cultured apples and grapevines, offering chemical-free and ecofriendly alternatives. These biologically based inhibition strategies are particularly well-suited for integration into existing micropropagation systems. Collectively, this review emphasizes the importance of combining conventional sanitation methods with next-generation diagnostics and innovative biological inhibition technologies to develop robust, scalable, and sustainable protocols for virus-free certification.","PeriodicalId":20173,"journal":{"name":"Plant Pathology Journal","volume":"41 5","pages":"545-565"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145207219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Precise TaqMan-Based Real-Time qPCR Assay for Detecting and Quantifying Blackberry Chlorotic Ringspot Virus, Blueberry Shock Virus, and Plum Pox Virus in Fruit Tree Seedlings. 基于taqman的果树幼苗中黑莓绿斑病毒、蓝莓休克病毒和李子痘病毒的实时荧光定量检测方法

IF 2.5 3区农林科学

Plant Pathology Journal Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.5423/PPJ.OA.05.2025.0065

Na Hee Kim, Minhue Jung, Seung Hyeon Oh, Kook-Hyung Kim

引用次数: 0

Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA-Based Analysis of Genetic Diversity and Characterization of Representative Bipolaris oryzae Isolates from 2023-2024. 基于随机扩增多态性dna的2023-2024年代表性稻瘟病菌分离株遗传多样性分析与特征分析。

IF 2.5 3区农林科学

Plant Pathology Journal Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.5423/PPJ.FT.08.2025.0106

Seoyeon Kim, Hyunjung Chung, Seol-Hwa Jang, Shinhwa Kim, Ki-Tae Kim, Sook-Young Park

{"title":"Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA-Based Analysis of Genetic Diversity and Characterization of Representative Bipolaris oryzae Isolates from 2023-2024.","authors":"Seoyeon Kim, Hyunjung Chung, Seol-Hwa Jang, Shinhwa Kim, Ki-Tae Kim, Sook-Young Park","doi":"10.5423/PPJ.FT.08.2025.0106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5423/PPJ.FT.08.2025.0106","url":null,"abstract":"Rice brown spot, caused by Bipolaris oryzae, typically occurs during the rice harvest season and can cause substantial yield losses. In 2023-2024, this disease emerged in rice cultivation areas of Korea. However, the population structure and genetic diversity of B. oryzae isolates remain unclear. Such information is necessary to effectively target and control rice brown spot. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the population structure of 50 B. oryzae isolates collected from the leaves, neck, and panicles of rice infected with brown spot through random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis. Among 140 primers tested, 30 were selected and applied, of which 5 exhibited significant polymorphisms among the isolates. The generated dendrogram revealed five clades with 92% similarity. Group A was the most predominant, comprising 84.0% of the total isolates (42/50), followed by Group C (8.0%, 4/50). Groups B, D, and E each contained one isolate (2%). These isolates were collected from the southern region of Korea and exhibited high genetic similarity (>95%). Two strains from Group A (F1305 and F1318) and one each from Groups B (F1248), C (F1253), D (F1317), and E (F1409) were selected and tested for their mycological characteristics and pathogenicity. Compared with the other strains, F1253, F1317, and F1409 exhibited higher conidial production and caused larger diseased leaf areas in the pathogenicity tests. These results suggest that the B. oryzae isolates that caused rice brown spot in 2023 are genetically homogeneous. This study may serve as a basis for developing targeted control strategies against brown spot.","PeriodicalId":20173,"journal":{"name":"Plant Pathology Journal","volume":"41 5","pages":"671-681"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145207220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative Genomics Reveals Conserved Ophiobolin Biosynthetic Gene Cluster and Necrotrophic Adaptation in Bipolaris oryzae. 比较基因组学揭示水稻双极虫体内保守的蛇毒杆菌合成基因簇和坏死性适应。

IF 2.5 3区农林科学

Plant Pathology Journal Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.5423/PPJ.FT.08.2025.0107

Yoeguang Hue, Yebin Nam, Byungheon Choi, Seoyeon Kim, Seol-Hwa Jang, Hyunjung Chung, Sook-Young Park, Ki-Tae Kim

{"title":"Comparative Genomics Reveals Conserved Ophiobolin Biosynthetic Gene Cluster and Necrotrophic Adaptation in Bipolaris oryzae.","authors":"Yoeguang Hue, Yebin Nam, Byungheon Choi, Seoyeon Kim, Seol-Hwa Jang, Hyunjung Chung, Sook-Young Park, Ki-Tae Kim","doi":"10.5423/PPJ.FT.08.2025.0107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5423/PPJ.FT.08.2025.0107","url":null,"abstract":"Bipolaris oryzae, the causal agent of rice brown spot, is a necrotrophic fungus that produces phytotoxic secondary metabolites, yet its genomic basis of pathogenicity remains incompletely defined. We sequenced six South Korean B. oryzae isolates and analyzed them together with publicly available genomes from Bipolaris and related Pleosporaceae, covering 37 Bipolaris isolates across eight species. Phylogenomics based on singlecopy orthologs confirmed the monophyly of Bipolaris and resolved B. oryzae as a distinct lineage. Comparative analyses showed that B. oryzae has a moderately reduced secretome and fewer candidate pathogenicity gene families relative to B. maydis and B. sorokiniana, while retaining a conserved core enriched in carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism. We identified 48 secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters in B. oryzae F1253 and, critically, localized the ophiobolin biosynthetic gene cluster to pseudochromosome 2. The cluster contains conserved core genes, oblA to oblD, which are broadly retained across Bipolaris, and exhibits interspecies variation in synteny and copy number associated with repeat element insertions. These findings reveal the genomic architecture underlying metabolic specialization and toxin biosynthesis in B. oryzae. They also provide actionable targets and markers for management, including diagnostics for oblA to oblD, screening of rice germplasm for ophiobolin tolerance, and RNAi-based suppression of ophiobolin biosynthesis under climate-related stress.","PeriodicalId":20173,"journal":{"name":"Plant Pathology Journal","volume":"41 5","pages":"682-698"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145207347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Intraspecific Grafting of Tomatoes: Impact of Disease-Resistant Rootstocks on Fusarium Wilt Prevention, Plant Growth, and Fruit Quality under Naturally Infested Field Conditions. 番茄种内嫁接：在自然侵染条件下抗病砧木对枯萎病防治、植株生长和果实品质的影响

IF 2.5 3区农林科学

Plant Pathology Journal Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.5423/PPJ.OA.05.2025.0064

Praphat Kawicha, Prakob Saman, Phatcharin Suwannachairob, Pancheewan Ponpang-Nga, Juthaporn Saengprajak, Aphidech Sangdee, Thanwanit Thanyasiriwat

{"title":"Intraspecific Grafting of Tomatoes: Impact of Disease-Resistant Rootstocks on Fusarium Wilt Prevention, Plant Growth, and Fruit Quality under Naturally Infested Field Conditions.","authors":"Praphat Kawicha, Prakob Saman, Phatcharin Suwannachairob, Pancheewan Ponpang-Nga, Juthaporn Saengprajak, Aphidech Sangdee, Thanwanit Thanyasiriwat","doi":"10.5423/PPJ.OA.05.2025.0064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5423/PPJ.OA.05.2025.0064","url":null,"abstract":"Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol) is a soilborne pathogen that causes vascular wilt in tomatoes, severely affecting yield and quality. Grafting susceptible scions onto resistant rootstocks is a promising control strategy. This study evaluated four resistant tomato accessions (LE314, LE472, LE482, and LE501) for their ability to suppress Fol translocation and support scion performance. PCR analysis showed that all resistant accessions restricted Fol movement beyond the roots, with no detection in shoot tissues, indicating effective containment of the pathogen. Gene expression profiling revealed distinct temporal and accession-specific responses of LRR, WRKY41, and PR-1 genes. In field trials, heterografted tomatoes remained symptomless across planting years, while self-grafted plants exhibited severe wilt symptoms. All grafted combinations achieved 100% success without signs of incompatibility. Growth parameters (plant height, branch number, and canopy diameter), fruit size, and yield did not differ significantly between self- and heterografted plants. Importantly, fruit quality assessment indicated that specific traits, particularly total soluble solids and fruit firmness, were influenced by scion-rootstock interactions, while fruit pH and color attributes (L*, a*, b*) remained stable across grafted treatments. These results confirm that resistant rootstocks can prevent Fol infection and maintain agronomic performance, supporting intraspecific grafting as an effective and sustainable approach for managing Fusarium wilt in tomato production.","PeriodicalId":20173,"journal":{"name":"Plant Pathology Journal","volume":"41 5","pages":"566-582"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145207370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biological Control of Root-Knot Nematodes, Meloidogyne javanica by Antagonistic Fungus Cladosporium sphaerospermum. 拮抗真菌球茎枝孢菌对土根结线虫的生物防治。

IF 2.5 3区农林科学

Plant Pathology Journal Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.5423/PPJ.OA.05.2025.0072

Mostafa A El-Qurashi, Ali A Almasrahi, Fahad A Al-Yahya

{"title":"Biological Control of Root-Knot Nematodes, Meloidogyne javanica by Antagonistic Fungus Cladosporium sphaerospermum.","authors":"Mostafa A El-Qurashi, Ali A Almasrahi, Fahad A Al-Yahya","doi":"10.5423/PPJ.OA.05.2025.0072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5423/PPJ.OA.05.2025.0072","url":null,"abstract":"Root-knot nematodes (RKNs, Meloidogyne spp.) are significant threats to global agriculture because their host range is broad, and therefore, their adverse effects on crop productivity are substantial. Cladosporium sphaerospermum PQ394940 was isolated from egg masses of RKNs infecting eggplant and examined for its ability as a bioagent against the M. javanica. In an in vitro assay, the fungus effectively inhibited egg hatch (95.3%) and increased the mortality percent of secondstage juveniles (J2s, 73.3%) through direct parasitism. Moreover, after observation, the fungus showed a capacity for paralyzing eggs and juveniles under a compound microscope. Fungal culture filtrate (CF) has been examined against egg hatch and J2s mortality. Data revealed that CF can increase J2s mortality percent and suppress egg hatching. In the seed germination test, C. sphaerospermum PQ394940 significantly increased eggplant seed germination compared with control treatment. Fungus has been identified by amplifying ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS-rDNA) using ITS4 and ITS5 primer pairs. A fragment with 570-580 bp was amplified and the result of rDNA sequencing was recorded in GenBank (PQ394940). Under greenhouse conditions, C. sphaerospermum PQ394940 significantly promoted eggplant growth. Moreover, fungus significantly reduced M. javanica reproduction and root galling. Additionally, fungus significantly reduced the root gall index, egg mass index, and reproductive factor. Thus, C. sphaerospermum PQ394940 is considered larvicidal and ovicidal, can also be added to the soil as a bio-fertilizer. As highlighted in this study, C. sphaerospermum PQ394940 will be useful in integrated pest management, improving crop productivity, and decreasing environmental impact.","PeriodicalId":20173,"journal":{"name":"Plant Pathology Journal","volume":"41 5","pages":"643-655"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145207338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analysis of Bacterial Community Changes in Apple Trees Treated with Bacillus altitudinis KPB25, a Potential Biological Control Agent against Fire Blight. 应用高海拔芽孢杆菌KPB25防治苹果树火枯病的细菌群落变化分析

IF 2.5 3区农林科学

Plant Pathology Journal Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.5423/PPJ.OA.01.2025.0007

Na Ra Lim, Hyun Gi Kong, Eon Jin Jo, Min Kyu Kang, Duck Hwan Park

{"title":"Analysis of Bacterial Community Changes in Apple Trees Treated with Bacillus altitudinis KPB25, a Potential Biological Control Agent against Fire Blight.","authors":"Na Ra Lim, Hyun Gi Kong, Eon Jin Jo, Min Kyu Kang, Duck Hwan Park","doi":"10.5423/PPJ.OA.01.2025.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5423/PPJ.OA.01.2025.0007","url":null,"abstract":"The balance of microbial communities in an ecosystem is the most important factor representing its healthy state, even when immigrant microorganisms, such as biological control agent, are introduced into agricultural fields. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the potential of the antagonistic bacterium KPB25 (Bacillus altitudinis) as a biological control agent against fire blight by analyzing the changes in the epiphytic and endophytic bacterial communities of apple tree leaves following treatment. The KPB25 treatment resulted in increased community richness and diversity in endophytic bacteria. Conversely, in epiphytic bacteria, community diversity decreased after treatment. Beta-diversity analysis revealed that the endophytic community formed distinct clusters following KPB25 treatment, indicating a shift in the community structure. Relative abundance analysis of the endophytic and epiphytic communities highlighted that some bacterial families, which increased in abundance following KPB25 treatment, oxidized sugars into organic acids or produced antibiotics, potentially creating an environment that makes it difficult for Erwinia amylovora to survive when attempting to infect its host. These findings suggest that KPB25 interacts with certain microbial taxa within apple trees, contributing to the regulation and alteration of the microbial community in a manner that promotes an environment unfavorable for E. amylovora. Overall, KPB25 may have enhanced certain microbial groups within the endophytic residual bacterial community of apple leaves that contribute to fire blight suppression, with minor structural changes but significant shifts in microbial diversity.","PeriodicalId":20173,"journal":{"name":"Plant Pathology Journal","volume":"41 5","pages":"607-618"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145207386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unraveling the Nuclear Localization Sequence of MoHTR2, the Nuclear Effector of Magnaporthe oryzae. 稻瘟病菌核效应分子MoHTR2的核定位序列分析。

IF 2.5 3区农林科学

Plant Pathology Journal Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.5423/PPJ.OA.06.2025.0080

Jiwon Choi, You-Jin Lim, Yong-Hwan Lee

{"title":"Unraveling the Nuclear Localization Sequence of MoHTR2, the Nuclear Effector of Magnaporthe oryzae.","authors":"Jiwon Choi, You-Jin Lim, Yong-Hwan Lee","doi":"10.5423/PPJ.OA.06.2025.0080","DOIUrl":"10.5423/PPJ.OA.06.2025.0080","url":null,"abstract":"Plant pathogenic fungi modulate host immunity by secreting nuclear effectors that interact with host nucleic acids and proteins within the host nucleus. Nuclear effectors are widely known to possess a nuclear localization sequence (NLS) that allows them to enter the host nucleus through either the classical importin α-mediated or non-classical pathways. However, the conserved motif in NLS and the mechanism behind successful nuclear trafficking of fungal nuclear effectors remain largely unexplored. MoHTRs, the nuclear effectors of Magnaporthe oryzae, reprogram the transcription of host immunity-associated genes. Recent research has demonstrated that MoHTR1 requires a classical NLS for importin α-mediated entry into the host nucleus and towards the pathogenicity of M. oryzae. However, the NLS of other fungal nuclear effectors, such as MoHTR2, needs further investigation. In this study, we report that MoHTR2 does not interact with rice importin αs or βs. By performing serial truncation and site-directed mutagenesis, we identified 53HH54 as the core NLS motif essential for the nuclear localization of MoHTR2. We also found that the double histidine in MGG_13063, a nuclear effector candidate of M. oryzae, is involved in its nuclear localization. Deletion of the MoHTR2 core NLS reduced the invasive hyphal growth and lesion formation by M. oryzae. These findings enhance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the nuclear localization of fungal nuclear effectors and their roles in pathogenicity, contributing to a broader understanding of host-pathogen interactions.","PeriodicalId":20173,"journal":{"name":"Plant Pathology Journal","volume":" ","pages":"583-594"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145138329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0