Nutrition Research最新文献

{"title":"Unraveling the link between magnesium and diabetic neuropathy: Evidence from in vitro to clinical studies","authors":"Kannika Smithiseth ,&nbsp;Prangmalee Leurcharusmee ,&nbsp;Passakorn Sawaddiruk ,&nbsp;Nipon Chattipakorn ,&nbsp;Siriporn Chattipakorn","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.01.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.01.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is one of the major complications of diabetes and the most common cause of neuropathic pain. Although the underlying pathological mechanisms remain unclear, several studies have produced conflicting results regarding the link between magnesium (Mg) concentration and DN. This ambiguity raises questions about the potential benefits of Mg supplementation in individuals with DN. Therefore, this comprehensive review summarizes and discusses the evidence from clinical, <em>in vitro</em>, and <em>in vivo</em> studies on the association between Mg and DN. Several findings indicate that Mg depletion is linked to the presence of neuropathy in diabetic patients. Additionally, low Mg concentration may contribute to the onset or worsening of DN by promoting axonal degeneration through various pathways. Furthermore, multiple studies have shown that Mg supplementation can have neuroprotective effects. These findings suggest potential as an alternative or complementary therapy for preventing and treating DN in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"135 ","pages":"Pages 13-31"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143075058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Almond consumption for 8 weeks differentially modulates metabolomic responses to an acute glucose challenge compared to crackers in young adults","authors":"Jaapna Dhillon ,&nbsp;Saurabh Pandey ,&nbsp;John W. Newman ,&nbsp;Oliver Fiehn ,&nbsp;Rudy M. Ortiz","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.01.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the dynamic responses to an acute glucose challenge after 8 weeks of almond or cracker consumption (clinicaltrials.gov ID: NCT03084003). Young adults (n = 73, age: 18-19 years, BMI: 18-41 kg/m²) participated in an 8-week randomized, controlled, parallel-arm intervention and were assigned to consume either almonds (2 oz/d, n = 38) or an isocaloric control snack of graham crackers (325 kcal/d, n = 35) daily. Twenty participants from each group underwent a 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (oGTT) at the end of the intervention. Metabolite abundances in the oGTT serum samples were quantified using untargeted metabolomics, and targeted analyses for free PUFAs, total fatty acids, oxylipins, and endocannabinoids. We hypothesized that 8-week almond consumption would differentially modulate the metabolomic response to a glucose challenge compared to crackers. Multivariate, univariate, and chemical enrichment analyses were conducted to identify significant metabolic shifts. Findings exhibit a biphasic lipid response with higher levels of unsaturated triglycerides earlier in the oGTT followed by lower levels later in the almond vs cracker group (<em>p</em>-value &lt;.05, chemical enrichment analyses). Almond (vs cracker) consumption was also associated with higher AUC_{120 min} of aminomalonate, and oxylipins (<em>P</em>-value &lt;.05), but lower AUC_{120 min} of <span>l</span>-cystine, N-acetylmannosamine, and isoheptadecanoic acid (<em>P</em>-value &lt;.05). Additionally, the Matsuda Index in the almond group correlated with AUC_{120 min} of CE 22:6 (<em>r</em> = -0.46; <em>P</em>-value &lt;.05) and 12,13 DiHOME (<em>r</em> = 0.45; <em>P</em>-value &lt;.05). Almond consumption for 8 weeks leads to dynamic, differential shifts in response to an acute glucose challenge, marked by alterations in lipid and amino acid mediators involved in metabolic and physiological pathways.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"135 ","pages":"Pages 67-81"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143427577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids: Inverse association with body fat percentage and obesity risk","authors":"Zhen Yang ,&nbsp;Yuejiao Lan ,&nbsp;Kunpeng Yang ,&nbsp;Junzi Zhang ,&nbsp;Lin Chen ,&nbsp;Tianli Meng ,&nbsp;Mingda Wu ,&nbsp;Xiaodan Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To investigate the association between the omega-6 and omega-3 intakes and body fat percentage (BF%), and the risk of obesity, we conducted a cross-sectional analysis of data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). We hypothesized that increasing omega-3 or omega-6 intakes could reduce BF% and, consequently, the risk of obesity. Therefore, we utilized data from NHANES collected between 2011 and 2018, focusing on adults aged 20 to 59 years. Omega-3 and omega-6 intakes were categorized into tertiles, and weighted multivariate linear regression models were used to assess their association with BF%. The dose-response relationship was further analyzed using a restricted cubic spline (RCS) function. A total of 6372 adults were included in the study. Both omega-6 and omega-3 intakes were significantly lower in the obese group compared to the non-obese group (<em>P</em> <em>&lt;</em> .05). Multivariable adjusted models demonstrated a significantly lower BF% among participants in the highest tertile of the omega-3 (β = −0.90, 95% CI: −1.25, −0.55, <em>P</em> <em>&lt;</em> .001) and omega-6 group (β = −0.82, 95% CI :−1.17, −0.47, <em>P</em> <em>&lt;</em> .001). An inverse correlation between the omega-3 and omega-6 intakes and BF% was observed <em>(P</em> <em>&lt;</em> .05), consistent across both genders. Restricted cubic splines (RCS) analysis revealed a linear relationship between the omega-3 and omega-6 intakes and BF%, consistent across gender subgroups (<em>P</em> for nonlinear &gt; .05). These findings suggest that higher omega-3 and omega-6 intakes may contribute to reduced obesity risk by lowering BF%. Further longitudinal studies are warranted to validate these results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"135 ","pages":"Pages 32-41"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143080710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whole grain intake among young children ages 12 to 48 months participating in the Feeding Infants and Toddlers Study was higher in 2016 compared to 2008","authors":"Melissa C. Kay ,&nbsp;Andrea Anater ,&nbsp;Joanne Guthrie ,&nbsp;Joel Hampton ,&nbsp;Mary Story","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.12.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.12.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Consumption of whole grains confers multiple benefits and is an important source of fiber; as such, federal programs have updated policies to support increased whole grain consumption. Limited literature is available on consumption among young children and before and after nutrition policy changes. We assessed whole grain and fiber consumption among children aged 12 to 47.9 months participating in the Feeding Infants and Toddlers Study 2008 (<em>n</em> = 2385) and 2016 (<em>n</em> = 1733) to address this information gap. The percent consuming whole grains was determined using predicted marginals and compared between years using <em>t</em>-tests from weighted logistic regression. For children consuming whole grains, the Usual Intake method was used to estimate mean grams of whole grains and fiber intake from whole grains. Models were adjusted for child age, sex, race and ethnicity, and total energy intake, and household poverty level, caregiver education, marital status, ever breastfed, and Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children status. A higher percentage of children consumed whole grain foods in 2016 compared to 2008 (74.4%, standard error [SE] 0.02 vs. 65.2%, SE 0.02; <em>P</em> = .0001) and they ate a greater amount of whole grains (23.4 g, SE 0.32 vs. 19.1 g, SE 0.23, <em>P</em> &lt; .0001). Children in 2016 consumed 30.8% more fiber from whole grains compared to children from 2008 (<em>P</em> &lt; .0001). Grams of whole grains consumed from sweet bakery items and cereal/nutrition bars (<em>P</em> = .0003) and baby food cereal (<em>P</em> = .0123) were significantly higher in 2016 compared to 2008. Whole grain consumption among young children aged 12 to 47.9 months was higher in 2016 compared to 2008, providing more dietary fiber. Despite promising changes between 2008 and 2016, many young children in 2016 were still falling short of meeting whole grain recommendations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"135 ","pages":"Pages 1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143075068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peripheral blood ABCG1 gene DNA methylation: mediating the relationship between dietary intake of methyl donor nutrients and stroke risk","authors":"Li Chen ,&nbsp;Qianru Liu ,&nbsp;Juan Li ,&nbsp;Yuhong Zhang ,&nbsp;Chan Yang ,&nbsp;Yi Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.10.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dysregulation of methyl donor nutrients interferes with DNA methylation and is associated with neurological diseases. <em>ABCG1</em> gene regulates cholesterol to HDL-C, maintains lipid homeostasis, and has been linked to both methyl nutrition and neurological risks. The aim was to investigate whether there is an effect of <em>ABCG1</em> DNA methylation on the relationship between intake of methyl donor nutrients and the risk of stroke occurrence. We hypothesize that the intake of methyl donor nutrients may influence stroke occurrence by modulating the methylation status of <em>ABCG1</em>. This study utilized a case-control design and selected 52 stroke patients along with 52 healthy controls from Northwest China. Dietary information was collected using a FFQ, and methylation levels were measured at 29 CpG sites of the <em>ABCG1</em> gene. A significant linear trend was found between dietary intake of the methyl donor nutrient choline and CpG_19.20 methylation of the <em>ABCG1</em> gene (β = -0.037, <em>P</em> = 0.033). Additionally, a significant association was observed between CpG_19.20 methylation and the risk of stroke (OR 2.325, 95% CI 1.210-4.466). Mediation analysis revealed that choline intake indirectly influenced stroke occurrence through its effect on CpG_19.20 methylation levels in the <em>ABCG1</em> gene (β = -0.015, SE = 0.013, 95% CI = [-0.053, -0.001]). We found that DNA methylation at specific CpG sites of the peripheral blood <em>ABCG1</em> gene mediates the association between dietary methyl donor nutrient intake and stroke risk in an adult population from Northwest China. New insights are provided on the prevention and treatment of stroke.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"133 ","pages":"Pages 54-63"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142829466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin D, immune function, and atherosclerosis. Where are we now?","authors":"Ailyn Rivero,&nbsp;Kent R. Wehmeier,&nbsp;Michael J. Haas,&nbsp;Arshag D. Mooradian","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.07.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.07.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The role of vitamin D in regulating calcium metabolism and skeletal growth and disease is widely recognized. Indeed, current recommendations for serum vitamin D concentrations are based on these parameters. A serum vitamin D &lt;20 ng/mL is considered deficient, concentrations between 20 and 30 ng/mL are insufficient, and &gt;30 ng/mL is adequate. However, over the past number of years, epidemiological studies, randomized clinical trials, and preclinical animal and cell culture–based research have demonstrated that vitamin D modulates immune function. Cardiovascular disease (CVD), the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States and in industrialized nations, is mediated in part by chronic inflammation as well as by other well-established risk factors including dyslipidemia, hypertension, obesity, and diabetes. Vitamin D deficiency (&lt;20 ng/mL or &lt;50 nM) is associated with increased CVD risk. As described in this review, several recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses provide some evidence that vitamin D administration to individuals with vitamin D deficiency may have little effect on CVD-related mortality. Many well-designed randomized clinical trials in the general population as well as in people at risk for CVD-related complication later in life provide evidence that treatment may be beneficial. These latter studies as well as the paucity of information regarding the optimal vitamin D concentration required for optimizing immune function in patients indicate that more research is needed to address whether vitamin D supplements may be a cost-effective intervention for preventing CVD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"133 ","pages":"Pages 148-160"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141841495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The potential cardioprotective bioactive compounds in fermented alcoholic beverages: Mechanisms, challenges, and opportunities in beer and wine","authors":"Sakshi Hans ,&nbsp;Ioannis Zabetakis ,&nbsp;Ronan Lordan","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Excessive alcohol consumption is detrimental to human health, and it is implicated in the development of heart disease, stroke, and cancer. However, the last few decades have given rise to epidemiological evidence suggesting that low-to-moderate consumption of red wine and beer may reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Studies have shown that moderate consumption of wine and beer protects against ischemic stroke, increases HDL plasma concentrations, and reduces platelet aggregation and insulin resistance. This cardioprotective effect has previously been attributed to phytochemicals in these beverages. This narrative review explores these potential cardioprotective phytochemicals and the underlying mechanisms responsible. Data from trials investigating the effect of alcoholic beverage consumption and <em>in vitro</em> analyses of the bioactive phytochemical compounds are reviewed. The potential of dealcoholized beverages is also explored. The literature shows that the cardioprotective effects observed with moderate alcohol consumption are mainly owing to the presence of anti-inflammatory polyphenolic and bioactive substances including lipophilic molecules present in low but biologically significant quantities. These phytochemicals are obtained from the raw materials and generated during the brewing processes. Studies indicate that dealcoholized variants of beer and wine also possess beneficial health effects, indicating that these effects are not alcohol dependent. There is also growing interest in dealcoholized beverages that are fortified or enhanced with cardioprotective properties. The development of such beverages is an important avenue of future research so that there are options for consumers who wish to enjoy wine and beer safely.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"133 ","pages":"Pages 108-126"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142872668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Palm and interesterified palm oil-enhanced brown fat whitening contributes to metabolic dysfunction in C57BL/6J mice","authors":"Thamara Cherem Peixoto ,&nbsp;Fernanda Torres Quitete ,&nbsp;Ananda Vitoria Silva Teixeira ,&nbsp;Bruna Cadete Martins ,&nbsp;Ricardo de Andrade Soares ,&nbsp;Geórgia Correa Atella ,&nbsp;Iala Milene Bertasso ,&nbsp;Patrícia Cristina Lisboa ,&nbsp;Angela Castro Resende ,&nbsp;Daniela de Barros Mucci ,&nbsp;Vanessa Souza-Mello ,&nbsp;Fabiane Ferreira Martins ,&nbsp;Julio Beltrame Daleprane","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.11.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.11.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Palm oil is widely used in the food industry owing to its high stability and versatility. The interesterified version has been used as an alternative to oils rich in trans fatty acids. However, the health effects of these vegetable oils are not yet fully understood. We hypothesized that the consumption of palm oil (noninteresterified and interesterified), even without excessive amounts of energy and lipids in the diet, could lead to morphofunctional changes in brown adipose tissue (BAT). To this end, male C57BL/6J mice were divided into 3 dietary groups (n = 10 each): soybean oil (SO), palm oil (PO), and interesterified palm oil (IPO) for 10 weeks. The PO and IPO groups had significant increases in the visceral fat mass and interscapular BAT (iBAT) lipid content. In iBAT, the PO and IPO groups showed lower mRNA expression of <em>Ucp1, Adrb3</em>, and <em>Pgc1a</em>, while the PO also showed lower mRNA levels of <em>Ppara</em> and <em>Ampk</em>, and the IPO showed lower <em>Prdm16</em> expression. Moreover, PO had higher <em>Il6</em> expression and lower catalase activity, while the IPO showed an upregulated <em>Tnfa</em> expression and lower catalase activity, but higher antioxidant activity of the glutathione peroxidase (GPx) enzyme. The consumption of PO and IPO had negative effects on weight and body fat, including the impairment of iBAT function. Our findings give rise to apprehensions regarding the safety and consequences of consuming PO and IPO for energy metabolism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"133 ","pages":"Pages 94-107"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142872582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenotype variability in diet-induced obesity and response to (−)-epigallocatechin gallate supplementation in a Diversity Outbred mouse cohort: A model for exploring gene x diet interactions for dietary bioactives","authors":"Michael G. Sweet ,&nbsp;Lisard Iglesias-Carres ,&nbsp;Peter N. Ellsworth ,&nbsp;Jared D. Carter ,&nbsp;Dahlia M. Nielsen ,&nbsp;David L. Aylor ,&nbsp;Jeffery S. Tessem ,&nbsp;Andrew P. Neilson","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.11.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.11.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The flavan-3-ol (−)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) blunts obesity in inbred mice, but human clinical trials have yielded mixed results. Genetic homogeneity in preclinical models may explain translational disconnect between rodents and humans. The Diversity Outbred (DO) mouse model provides genotype and phenotype variability for characterization of gene x environment (i.e., diet) interactions. We conducted a longitudinal phenotyping study in DO mice. Mice (n = 50) were fed a high-fat diet for 8 weeks and then a high-fat diet + 0.3% EGCG for 8 weeks. We hypothesized that obesity and any protective effects of EGCG would exhibit extreme variability in these genetically heterogeneous mice. As anticipated, DO mice exhibited extreme variation in body composition at baseline (4%-13.9% fat), after 8 weeks of high-fat diet (6.5%-38.1% fat), and after 8 weeks of high-fat diet + EGCG (7.6%-42.6% fat), greater than what is observed in inbred mice. All 50 mice gained body fat on the high-fat diet (changes from baseline of +5% ± 640%). Intriguingly, adiposity variability increased when EGCG was added to the diet (changes from the high-fat diet alone of −52% ± 390%), with 11/50 mice losing body fat. We postulate that the explanation for this variability is genetic heterogeneity. Our data confirm the promise for EGCG to manage obesity but suggest that genetic factors may exert significant control over the efficacy of EGCG. Larger studies in DO mice are needed for quantitative trait loci mapping to identify genetic loci governing EGCG x obesity interactions and translate these findings to precision nutrition in humans.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"133 ","pages":"Pages 78-93"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142872626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A low-dose prebiotic fiber supplement reduces lipopolysaccharide-binding protein concentrations in a subgroup of young, healthy adults consuming low-fiber diets","authors":"Eduardo Z. Romo,&nbsp;Brian V. Hong,&nbsp;Joanne K. Agus,&nbsp;Yanshan Jin,&nbsp;Jea Woo Kang,&nbsp;Angela M. Zivkovic","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.11.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.11.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although the beneficial effects of fiber supplementation on overall health and the gut microbiome are well-known, it is not clear whether fiber supplementation can also alter the concentrations of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP), a marker of intestinal permeability. A secondary analysis of a previously conducted study was performed. In the randomized-order, placebo-controlled, double-blinded, cross-over study 20 healthy, young participants consuming a low-fiber diet at baseline were administered a daily dose of 12 g of prebiotic fiber compared with a placebo over a period of 4 weeks with a 4-week washout between arms. In this secondary analysis, we hypothesized that the fiber supplement would reduce LBP concentration. We further hypothesized that lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase activity, a measure of high-density lipoprotein functional capacity, would be altered. Fiber supplementation did not significantly alter LBP concentration or lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase activity in the overall cohort. However, in a subgroup of individuals with elevated baseline LBP concentrations, fiber supplementation significantly reduced LBP from 9.27 ± 3.52 to 7.02 ± 2.32 µg/mL (<em>P</em> = .003). Exploratory analyses found positive correlations between microbial genes involved in lipopolysaccharide synthesis and conversely negative correlations with genes involved in antibiotic synthesis and LBP. Positive correlations between LBP and multiple sulfated molecules including sulfated bile acids and perfluorooctanesulfonate, and ibuprofen metabolites were also found. These findings highlight multiple environmental and lifestyle factors such as exposure to industrial chemicals and medication intake, in addition to diet, which may influence the association between the gut microbiome and gut barrier function.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"133 ","pages":"Pages 138-147"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142903170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}