Nutrition Research最新文献

{"title":"Low folate biomarker concentrations are associated with increase the risk and severity of periodontitis in adults: A cross–sectional study based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009–2014","authors":"Lai-Xi Zhao ,&nbsp;Cheng-Yang Hu ,&nbsp;Zhen-Hua Li ,&nbsp;Meng-Ci Shao ,&nbsp;Jia-Jia Liu ,&nbsp;Xiao-Rong Yan ,&nbsp;Jiong Li ,&nbsp;Wen-Hua Xu ,&nbsp;Xiu-Jun Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We sought to test the hypothesis that adult folate biomarker concentrations are negatively associated with the risk and severity of periodontitis. Data were pooled from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2009 to 2014. A total of 9252 dentate adult subjects aged 30 years and older who received a periodontal examination and had complete folate biomarker data were included in the analysis. Both logistic regression and linear regression models were built to analyze the associations between folate biomarker concentrations and periodontitis, followed by multisubgroup and sensitivity analyses. In addition, restricted cubic spline models were applied to observe the shape of the associations. We found negative associations between serum folate and periodontitis status (odds ratio [OR] = 0.775, 95% CI: 0.691-0.869), periodontal probing depth (PPD) (β = -0.048, 95% CI: -0.069 to -0.027), and clinical attachment loss (CAL) (β = -0.061, 95% CI: -0.098 to -0.025). A negative association was also found between red blood cell folate and periodontitis status (OR = 0.727, 95% CI: 0.613-0.861), PPD (β = -0.055, 95% CI: -0.086 to -0.024), and CAL (β = -0.084, 95% CI: -0.128 to -0.040). Subgroup and sensitivity analyses showed robust results. Restricted cubic spline models demonstrated significant linearity for associations. Folate biomarker concentrations were negatively associated with periodontitis in adults aged 30 years and older, indicating that folate may have a restrictive effect on the risk and severity of periodontitis. This finding may provide a clinical target for preventive and interventional measures to promote periodontal nutrition and health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"134 ","pages":"Pages 73-87"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143059693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variants in GHRL, RETN, and PLIN1 are associated with obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome, and influence food consumption in adults with obesity","authors":"Marina Aparecida dos Santos ,&nbsp;Raul Hernandes Bortolin ,&nbsp;Alvaro Cerda ,&nbsp;Raquel de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Tamires Invencioni Moraes Stefani ,&nbsp;Cristina Moreno Fajardo ,&nbsp;Egídio Lima Dorea ,&nbsp;Márcia Martins Silveira Bernik ,&nbsp;Nágila Raquel Teixeira Damasceno ,&nbsp;Mario Hiroyuki Hirata ,&nbsp;Rosario Dominguez Crespo Hirata","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.12.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.12.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Genetic and environmental factors have important role in the pathogenesis of obesity and metabolic diseases. We hypothesized that genes involved in energy intake, cellular lipid metabolism and pro-inflammatory adipokines influence obesity-related metabolic disturbances and food intake. We explored the association of <em>GHRL</em> (rs26311G&gt;C and rs4684677A&gt;T), <em>PLIN1</em> (rs2289487G&gt;A and rs894160G&gt;A), <em>RETN</em> (rs3745367C&gt;T and rs7408174G&gt;A), and <em>NAMPT</em> (rs1319501T&gt;C) variants with obesity, metabolic and inflammatory markers, and food intake composition. Clinical, anthropometric, and laboratory data were obtained from 237 adults. Genomic DNA was extracted and genetic variants were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Food intake was assessed in 81 subjects with obesity, who underwent a 9-week nutritional orientation program. Multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusted by covariates showed association of <em>GHRL</em> rs26311-G and rs4684677-A alleles with risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and/or metabolic syndrome (<em>P</em> &lt; .05), and <em>RETN</em> rs7408174-C allele with risk of T2D and obesity (<em>P</em> &lt; .05). Covariate-adjusted multivariate linear regression analysis showed association of <em>PLIN1</em> rs894160-G allele with increased waist-to-hip ratio (<em>P</em> = .003). The nutritional orientation program reduced carbohydrate and total fat intake, in subjects with obesity (<em>P</em> &lt; .05). Analysis of basal data revealed associations of <em>PLIN1</em> rs894160-G with increased body mass index, <em>PLIN1</em> rs2289487-A with reduced intake of total fat, monosaturated fatty acids and cholesterol, and <em>RETN</em> rs3745367-A with increased intake of protein and saturated fatty acids (<em>P</em> &lt; .05). <em>GHRL</em> rs26311-G was associated with increased postprogram protein intake (<em>P</em> = .044). In conclusion, variants in <em>GHRL, RETN,</em> and <em>PLIN1</em> are associated with obesity, T2D, metabolic syndrome, and increased waist-to-hip ratio, and influence food consumption in adults with obesity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"134 ","pages":"Pages 13-23"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143008032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"l-theanine: From tea leaf to trending supplement – does the science match the hype for brain health and relaxation?","authors":"Roderick Dashwood ,&nbsp;Francesco Visioli","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.12.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.12.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span>l</span>-Theanine is a unique non-protein amino acid found abundantly in tea leaves. Interest in its potential use as a dietary supplement has surged recently, especially claims related to promoting relaxation and cognitive enhancement. This review surveys the chemistry, metabolism, and purported biological activities of <span>l</span>-theanine. It is well absorbed from the intestine and can cross the blood-brain barrier. Some studies suggest <span>l</span>-theanine may increase alpha waves in the brain associated with relaxation and selective attention, reduce stress and anxiety, and improve sleep quality, though findings are often inconsistent. Potential neuroprotective and anti-seizure effects have also been reported in animal models. When combined with caffeine, <span>l</span>-theanine may improve cognitive performance, alertness and focus. However, the evidence supporting many health claims remains limited, especially the lack of rigorous human clinical trials. While <span>l</span>-theanine exhibits a good safety profile based on toxicology studies, caution is warranted regarding the purported health benefits, until stronger scientific substantiation emerges. Overall, the mechanisms of action and therapeutic potential of <span>l</span>-theanine require further investigation, given the current interest and increasing popularity of this nutraceutical supplement marketed for brain health and relaxation. In the absence of well-designed and carefully controlled human clinical trials, we would urge caution in the use of <span>l</span>-theanine supplements at pharmacologic doses by the wider population, and believe that the science does not yet match the hype behind this trending supplement for brain health and relaxation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"134 ","pages":"Pages 39-48"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143033599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cashew nut consumption reduces waist circumference and oxidative stress in adolescents with obesity: A randomized clinical trial","authors":"Luis Felipe Nunes de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Carla Soraya Costa Maia ,&nbsp;Maria Dinara de Araújo Nogueira ,&nbsp;Thaynan dos Santos Dias ,&nbsp;Matheus Aragão Dias Firmino ,&nbsp;Ana Paula de Melo Loureiro ,&nbsp;Elisabete Leide Marzola ,&nbsp;Paulo Iury Gomes Nunes ,&nbsp;Flávia Almeida Santos ,&nbsp;Walter Breno de Souza Freire ,&nbsp;Rodrigo Soares Fortunato ,&nbsp;Adriano César Carneiro Loureiro","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.12.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.12.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Previous evidence suggests that certain types of nuts, when included in a healthy diet pattern, may provide health benefits. Therefore, we hypothesize that the consumption of cashew nuts associated with a healthy diet may enhance antioxidant defenses and improve anthropometric and body composition parameters in individuals with obesity. We conducted a 12-week randomized clinical trial, divided into 4 sessions, involving adolescents randomly assigned to receive either 30 g of roasted cashew nuts together with nutrition education (cashew nut group-CNG) or only nutrition education (control group-CG). The total number of participants who started the study was 142, with 77 in the CNG and 65 in the CG. Data on anthropometry, body composition, and oxidative stress were collected at baseline (0-week) and endpoint (12-week). The main post-intervention findings in the CNG showed decreases in waist circumference (WC), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) at 60 minutes in the CNG, while neck circumference (NC) increased. However, the CG showed an increase in TBARS and percentage of lean body mass (LBM), along with reduction in TAC at 60 minutes. After 12 weeks, the consumption of cashew nuts seemed to assist in WC reduction, even without a decrease in other anthropometric parameters, thereby decreasing the cardiometabolic risk. Furthermore, the consumption of cashew nuts demonstrated the ability to decrease overall oxidative damage as assessed by TBARS, a finding that reinforces the effects of this nut consumption against systemic oxidative stress associated with obesity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"134 ","pages":"Pages 60-72"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143040625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High air pollution exposure, vitamin D deficiency and ever smokers were associated with higher prevalence of hypercholesterolemia: A cross-sectional study from the 2008–2014 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey","authors":"Jung Hyun Kwak ,&nbsp;Hyun Ja Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Air pollutants directly and indirectly cause vitamin D deficiency (VDD). In addition, smoking increases oxidative stress and accelerates skin aging, thereby reducing the body's vitamin D concentration. Previous study reported that VDD increases total cholesterol concentration by reducing vitamin D receptor activity. We hypothesized that high air pollution exposure, smoking, and VDD would increase hypercholesterolemia. We investigated associations between long-term exposure to air pollutants, smoking status, VDD, and their combination with hypercholesterolemia using data from the 2008-2014 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). We used linked data from the KNHANES to the daily moving average of air-pollution data from 730 days before the examination date, using participants’ addresses in latitude and longitude coordinates. Results were analyzed using a survey logistic regression model for complex sample analyses. We included 28,134 adults with data on serum vitamin D, cholesterol concentrations, smoking status, and air pollutant concentrations. After adjusting for potential covariates, adults with exposure to high concentrations of air pollutants and ever smokers showed significantly higher risks of VDD (odds ratios [ORs], 1.70; 95 % confidence intervals [CIs], 1.44-2.00). In the group with high air-pollutant exposure, adults with low vitamin D status and ever smokers had significantly higher risks of hypercholesterolemia (ORs, 1.55; 95 % CIs, 1.09-2.19) than adults with high vitamin D status and never smokers. We found that high air-pollutant exposure, ever smokers, and VDD may increase hypercholesterolemia prevalence in Korean adults. Therefore, to reduce hypercholesterolemia risk, adults living in areas with high air-pollution exposure may need adequate vitamin D intake and to avoid smoking.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"134 ","pages":"Pages 1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142971744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low and high glycemic index drinks differentially affect sleep polysomnography and memory consolidation: A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Chantelle M. Gaylor ,&nbsp;Anthony Brennan ,&nbsp;Mark Blagrove ,&nbsp;Chloe Tulip ,&nbsp;Anthony Bloxham ,&nbsp;Stevie Williams ,&nbsp;Rory Tucker ,&nbsp;David Benton ,&nbsp;Hayley A. Young","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.11.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.11.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Limited research has examined the effect of meal composition on sleep. Based on previous research, we hypothesized that a low glycemic index (LGI) drink containing 50 g isomaltulose (Palatinose, GI = 32) would result in more N3 sleep, less rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, and better memory consolidation than a high glycemic index (HGI) drink containing 50 g glucose (GI = 100). Healthy males (n = 20) attended the laboratory on three occasions at least a week apart (one acclimatization night and two test nights). Using a repeated measures, randomized, double-blind design, participants consumed a standardized evening meal followed four hours later by a HGI or LGI drink. Sleep architecture and continuity were assessed using polysomnography. Procedural and episodic memory were assessed pre- and post-sleep using a finger tapping task and story recall task, respectively. There was no main effect of drink. However, there was an interaction between drink and drink order. N3 sleep percentage was significantly longer (28.71% vs 23.99%, respectively, <em>p</em> = .032) and overnight retention of neutral story content was significantly better (0.63 words vs -10.13 words, respectively, <em>p</em> = .002) after the LGI drink than HGI drink, but only when the LGI drink was consumed on the second test night and HGI drink on the first test night. No changes in REM sleep were observed. Findings suggest that the nature of carbohydrate consumed before bed may influence sleep quality and quantity and neutral episodic memory consolidation. Pre-registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05591573).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"134 ","pages":"Pages 49-59"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143033596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Personalized nutrition studies of human gut microbiome-polyphenol interactions utilizing continuous multistaged in vitro fermentation models–a narrative review","authors":"Shiqi Zhang ,&nbsp;Hanmeng Niu ,&nbsp;Jiangjiang Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.01.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.01.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The gut microbiota, a complex community of microorganisms primarily inhabiting the human large intestine, plays a crucial role in human health. Gut dysbiosis, characterized by an imbalance in gut bacterial populations, has been increasingly recognized as a significant factor in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease, and colorectal cancer. Polyphenols are critical modulators of gut microbial composition and metabolism. However, the extent of polyphenol-induced modulation of the gut microbiome remains largely unexplored. <em>In vitro</em> models offer a convenient and ethical alternative to <em>in vivo</em> studies for investigating nutrient-gut microbiome interactions, facilitating easy sampling and controlled experimental conditions. Among these, continuous multistaged <em>in vitro</em> fermentation models, which simulate different sections of the human gastrointestinal tract (e.g., proximal colon, transverse colon, and distal colon), provide a more accurate representation of the human gut environment compared to single-batch fermentation. Various configurations of these multistaged models have been developed and widely employed in studies examining the effects of polyphenols on the gut microbiome. This review aims to summarize the different configurations of multistaged <em>in vitro</em> fermentation models and recent advancements in their development, highlight key aspects of experimental design, outline commonly used analytical workflows with complementary analyses, and review the restorative effects of polyphenol interventions on dysregulated gut microbiota.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"135 ","pages":"Pages 101-127"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143479748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study protocol, menu design, and rationale for a study testing the effects of a whole fruit-rich diet on glycemic control, liver fat, pancreatic fat, and cardiovascular health in adults with type 2 diabetes","authors":"Cody J. Hanick ,&nbsp;Kelly J. Berg ,&nbsp;W. Timothy Garvey ,&nbsp;Amy M. Goss ,&nbsp;Felicia L. Steger ,&nbsp;Joshua S. Richman ,&nbsp;Courtney M. Peterson","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.01.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.01.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dietary interventions such as very-low-calorie diets and low-carbohydrate diets can improve glycemic control and even induce type 2 diabetes (T2D) remission. However, less is known about the effects of carbohydrate-rich whole foods, such as whole fruit, in people with T2D. Therefore, the aim of this pilot study is to investigate the effects of a whole fruit-rich diet on glycemic control, ectopic fat, and cardiovascular risk factors in adults with T2D. In this pilot study, sixteen adults aged 20 to 70 years with insulin-independent T2D for ≤6 years will complete a 12-week controlled-feeding intervention while maintaining their weight. During the ramp-up phase (weeks 1-4), participants progressively consume more whole fruit. During weeks 5 to 12, participants eat a fruit-rich Mediterranean diet providing 50% of calories as whole fruit (∼16.4 servings/day). All outcomes are measured at weeks 0, 4, and 12. The primary outcome is glycemic control, assessed hierarchically by whether participants achieve nondiabetic glucose concentrations without antihyperglycemic medications; the total dose of antihyperglycemic medications; mean glucose during a three-hour oral glucose tolerance test; and mean 24-hour glucose from continuous glucose monitoring. Secondary outcomes include intrahepatic lipid, pancreatic fat, blood pressure, heart rate, and serum lipids. We hypothesize that a fruit-rich diet will improve glycemic control, reduce the need for antihyperglycemic medications, decrease ectopic fat, and improve cardiovascular risk factors. This novel study will help determine the effects of a whole fruit-rich diet on glycemic control and liver fat and whether diabetes remission may be possible without losing weight. This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03758742).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"135 ","pages":"Pages 82-100"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143437038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary inflammatory index predicts cancer mortality in male patients but not female patients: Results from NHANES 1999 to 2014","authors":"Junyi Shen ,&nbsp;Anqi Lin ,&nbsp;Aimin Jiang ,&nbsp;Zhenyu Xie ,&nbsp;Quan Cheng ,&nbsp;Jing Zhang ,&nbsp;Jian Zhang ,&nbsp;Peng Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.01.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.01.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explored sex differences between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and cancer prognosis and their mechanisms. We hypothesized that association between dietary inflammatory index and cancer prognosis differs by sex. The study included 2874 adults with cancer from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey covering 1999 to 2014. Mortality status was linked to National Death Index mortality data through 31 December 2019. Cox proportional hazards regression models were applied to calculate hazard risk and 95% confidence intervals (Cis) in male patients and female patients. Sex-specific cancer and nonsex-specific cancer subgroup analyses were performed, and the role of C-reactive protein in sex differences was analyzed. The Cancer Genome Atlas pan-cancer transcriptome data were combined to explore the biological mechanisms of the sex differences. Multivariate Cox regression showed higher DII in male patients correlated with increased all-cause mortality (hazard risk highest vs lowest quartile = 1.57 [95% confidence intervals 1.24-1.98]; <em>P</em> for trend &lt;.01), but not in female patients (<em>P</em> = .44). For sex-specific cancers, higher DII potentially correlated with increased mortality in prostate cancer (unadjusted <em>P</em> for trend = .04), but not in breast (<em>P</em> = .83), ovarian (<em>P</em> = .49), or cervical cancers (<em>P</em> = .91). In melanoma and colon cancer, higher DII correlated with increased mortality in male patients but not female patients. Serum C-reactive protein, interleukin-1 binding, interleukin-35 pathway, and programmed cell death protein 1 pathway may contribute to these sex differences. In conclusion, sex differences exist between DII and mortality risk in cancer patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"135 ","pages":"Pages 52-66"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143387688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasma metabolomics differentiating and predicting prognosis of coronary artery disease patients with distinct nutritional status","authors":"Chengyang Lai ,&nbsp;Yangchen Li ,&nbsp;Wenwei Luo ,&nbsp;Bin Zhang ,&nbsp;Chen Liu ,&nbsp;Liming Peng ,&nbsp;Hanping Li ,&nbsp;Ju-e Liu ,&nbsp;Xiao Xiao ,&nbsp;Shilong Zhong","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.01.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the metabolic mechanisms underlying the association between malnutrition and poor prognosis in coronary artery disease (CAD). We hypothesized that specific metabolites associated with nutritional status impact all-cause mortality and Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in CAD patients. To test this hypothesis, we evaluated the nutritional status of 5182 CAD patients from multiple centers using three nutritional risk screening tools and analyzed the impact on CAD outcomes with restricted cubic splines and Cox regression. Poor nutritional status was found to be linked to increased adverse outcomes. Further analysis using multiple linear regression and mediation analysis identified elevated concentrations of β-pseudouridine and dulcitol, and decreased concentrations of <span>l</span>-tryptophan and LPC (18:2/0:0), among other metabolites, as mediators of this association. Employing Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator for variable selection, we integrated these metabolites with clinical variables, which significantly improved the predictive accuracy for adverse outcomes. Our results highlight significant metabolic disparities in CAD patients based on nutritional status and provide novel insights into the role of nutrition-associated metabolites in CAD prognosis. These findings suggest that customized nutritional interventions targeting these metabolites could positively influence the progression of CAD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"137 ","pages":"Pages 1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143783885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}