Nutrition Research最新文献

{"title":"Sweetened beverage intake across moderate intake range is not associated with pregnancy-related weight change or biomarkers of glycemic control","authors":"Mia G. Kwan ,&nbsp;Leah M. Lipsky ,&nbsp;Kyle S. Burger ,&nbsp;Grace E. Shearrer ,&nbsp;Tonja R. Nansel","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.06.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.06.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While sweetened beverage intake is associated with weight and glycemic outcomes in the general population, relations during pregnancy are unclear. This prospective observational study tested the hypothesis that greater sweetened beverage intake would be associated with higher pregnancy-related weight change and glucose regulation biomarkers. The Pregnancy Eating Attributes Study recruited participants with uncomplicated singleton pregnancies ≤12 weeks gestation and no major chronic illness from 2 obstetrics clinics in the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Healthcare System from November 2014 to October 2016. Data from participants with completed pregnancy dietary recalls (n = 365) were analyzed. Intake (oz) of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) and non-nutritive sweetened beverages (NNSB) was calculated from 24-h dietary recalls across pregnancy and across postpartum. Weight was measured throughout pregnancy to 1-year postpartum to determine gestational weight gain adequacy and 1-year postpartum weight retention; fasting blood glucose and insulin were obtained in the 2nd trimester. Multinomial logistic regressions estimated associations of sweetened beverage intake with gestational weight gain adequacy; linear regressions estimated associations of sweetened beverage intake with postpartum weight retention, fasting blood glucose, and insulin. In analyses adjusted for age, household income-poverty ratio, education, marital status, and physical activity, neither SSB nor NNSB intake during pregnancy was associated with excessive gestational weight gain, postpartum weight retention, fasting glucose or fasting insulin. Additionally, SSB and NNSB intake in postpartum were unassociated with postpartum weight retention. Sweetened beverages may not contribute to excess pregnancy-related weight gain or glucose dysregulation within the moderate range of intake observed in this sample.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"140 ","pages":"Pages 69-76"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144631807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multimicronutrient and omega-3 fatty acid supplementation reduces low-grade inflammation in older participants: An exploratory study","authors":"Felix Kerlikowsky ,&nbsp;Karsten Krüger ,&nbsp;Andreas Hahn ,&nbsp;Jan Philipp Schuchardt","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.06.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.06.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aging is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation, while the status of anti-inflammatory (INFLA) micronutrients such as long-chain omega-3 fatty acids (<em>n</em>-3 PUFA), vitamin D, folate, and cobalamin is often low in older people. We hypothesized that <em>n</em>-3 PUFA and certain micronutrients reduce low-grade inflammation in older participants. To test this hypothesis the aim of this randomised, double-blinded, 12-week intervention study involving 112 healthy and physically active older participants (75.6 ± 3.9 years) was to investigate the effect of a multimicronutrient and <em>n</em>-3 PUFA supplementation in physiological doses (i.e., 400 µg folic acid, 100 µg cobalamin, 50 µg cholecalciferol, and 1000 mg eicosapentaenoic acid + docosahexaenoic acid per day) on INFLA biomarkers, which were aggregated in the INFLA score. Dietary intake data were converted into the energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E-DII). A significant increase in the nutrient status biomarkers Omega-3 Index, serum 25-hydroxycholecalciferol, red blood cell folate, and holotranscobalamin was observed in the intervention group compared to the placebo group (all <em>P</em> &lt; .001). In a multiadjusted model (age, sex, body mass index, E-DII, Omega-3 Index), the intervention significantly decreased the INFLA score compared to placebo (<em>P</em> = .036). Participants with a more pro-INFLA E-DII at baseline and higher age showed a greater decrease in the INFLA score than those with a more anti-INFLA E-DII (<em>P</em> = .028) and lower age (<em>P</em> = .043). An effect of multimicronutrient + <em>n</em>-3 PUFA supplementation seems to be more pronounced in older participants with higher age and those with a pro-INFLA background diet.</div><div><strong>Trial registration:</strong> This study is officially recorded in the German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS00021302, registration date: 23.04.2020).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"140 ","pages":"Pages 46-58"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144587730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship of maternal high-fat diet to intestinal barrier integrity and disease in offspring","authors":"Chen Zhang ,&nbsp;Weiqi Zhong ,&nbsp;Long Miao ,&nbsp;Zhibing Lin ,&nbsp;Shiqi Sun ,&nbsp;Minmin Jiang ,&nbsp;Cuiyuan Jin ,&nbsp;Liyun Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.06.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-fat diet (HFD) has been demonstrated to negatively affect the exacerbation of chronic diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, gastrointestinal disease, cardiovascular disease, and central nervous system disease. Research has revealed that maternal HFD affects the intestinal barrier integrity of offspring in multiple ways. Offspring not only “inherit” the abnormal gut microbiota induced by maternal HFD, thus having long-term effects on offspring health, but also are profoundly affected by various factors, such as the placental environment, mode of birth, and breast milk nutrition. In this review, we summarize recent epidemiological studies, clinical studies and animal experiments, and we evaluate the threat of maternal HFD to offspring health. We discuss the associations between maternal HFD and the intestinal barrier of offspring in the context of maternal-infant influence pathways, the gut microbiota and associated metabolism, intestinal physical barriers, and intestinal immune barriers. Further, we interpret the available evidence and its limitations. We believe that medical professionals and society must respond to the harmful effects of HFD to improve outcomes in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"140 ","pages":"Pages 77-92"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144631805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Higher serum carotenoid concentrations are associated with lower mortality in adults with advanced cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome","authors":"Xiaoyun Li ,&nbsp;Zhijuan Liao ,&nbsp;Siyan Huo ,&nbsp;Fangna Gu ,&nbsp;Yong Yin ,&nbsp;Xuanchu Ge","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to investigate the associations between serum carotenoid concentrations and all-cause mortality among adults with advanced cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome. Data were analyzed from 1285 adults aged ≥20 years with advanced CKM syndrome (stages 3 or 4), identified from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001 to 2006 cohort. Five serum carotenoids were assessed as exposures, including α-carotene, β-carotene, lycopene, lutein/zeaxanthin, and total carotenoids. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs, while quantile g-computation (Qgcomp) regression was employed to examine the joint effects of all carotenoids. During a median follow-up of 11.8 years, 936 (72.8%) deaths were recorded. Age- and sex-standardized all-cause mortality rates decreased across increasing quartiles of several serum carotenoids, most notably lycopene, for which the mortality rate declined from 106.6 (95% CI: 90.1-123.1) per 1000 person-years in the lowest quartile to 62.4 (95% CI: 54.6-70.1) in the highest quartile. Adjusted for potential confounders, higher concentrations of α-carotene (HR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.49-0.84), β-carotene (HR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.61-0.95), lutein/zeaxanthin (HR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.59-0.96), lycopene (HR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.49-0.81), and total carotenoids (HR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.66-1.00) were significantly associated with lower all-cause mortality, while no significant association was observed for β-cryptoxanthin. Qgcomp regression demonstrated a significant joint protective effect of serum carotenoids on all-cause mortality (HR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.79-0.95, <em>P</em> &lt; .01), with lycopene contributing the most to the overall protective effect. In conclusion, the joint effect of serum carotenoids was independently associated with lower all-cause mortality in adults with advanced CKM syndrome, with lycopene showing the strongest contribution among the 5 carotenoids studied.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"140 ","pages":"Pages 34-45"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144557207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Common Brazilian dietary pattern is associated with lower cardiovascular risk in adolescents","authors":"Maria Dinara de Araújo Nogueira ,&nbsp;Xênia Maia Xenofonte Martins ,&nbsp;Ribanna Aparecida Marques Braga ,&nbsp;Isabelle Furtado Silva Cruz ,&nbsp;Natassia Ellen Rodrigues Paiva Barros ,&nbsp;Soraia Pinheiro Machado ,&nbsp;Carla Soraya Costa Maia","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Studies on dietary patterns in adolescents can contribute to monitoring and prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Our hypothesis is that, in Brazilian adolescents, the coffee with bread and Common Brazilian dietary patterns are associated with a better cardiovascular profile, since they have previously been associated with a lower chance of being overweight. This study aims to verify the association between dietary patterns and cardiovascular risk (CVR) in adolescents using isolated and combined lipid variables in the form of indices. This is a cross-sectional study conducted with 825 adolescents from public schools. The dependent variables included alterations in total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), triglycerides, and non-HDL-c, as well as the Castelli I and II indices and the triglycerides/HDL-c ratio. Three dietary patterns were identified through principal component analysis: <em>Coffee with bread, Common Brazilian</em>, and <em>Mixed</em>. Regression models were used to assess the association of these patterns with isolated lipid alterations and indices. Greater adherence to the <em>Common Brazilian</em> pattern reduced the odds of having elevated total cholesterol by 49% (OR: 0.51; 95% confidence intervals [95% CI]: 0.28, 0.94), elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol by 70% (OR: 0.30; 95% CI: 0.12, 0.72), elevated non-HDL-c by 42% (OR: 0.58; 95% CI: 0.34, 0.98), even after adjustment for potential confounders. Greater adherence to the <em>Common Brazilian</em> pattern demonstrated a potential protective effect against CVR in adolescents. No associations were found between the <em>Coffee with bread</em> and <em>Mixed</em> patterns and CVR.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"141 ","pages":"Pages 70-81"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144912631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary inflammatory index as a modifiable risk factor for sarcopenia in adults with type 2 diabetes: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Serap Balaban Barta ,&nbsp;Rıfat Bozkus ,&nbsp;Hilal Simsek ,&nbsp;Bengisu Kosal ,&nbsp;Aslı Ucar","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.05.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.05.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There is growing evidence that a proinflammatory diet contributes to the increased risk of sarcopenia by exacerbating low-grade inflammation and insulin resistance, ultimately inducing muscle loss in adults with type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to analyze the association of dietary inflammatory index (DII), physical activity level, and body composition with sarcopenia in adults with type 2 diabetes. The hypothesis of this study was that higher DII increases the risk of sarcopenia. This cross-sectional study was conducted with 249 adults aged 50 years and older with type 2 diabetes who were admitted to the Internal Medicine Department of a tertiary hospital in Türkiye. Nutritional status was determined by 24-hour recall, dietary inflammatory status by energy-adjusted-DII, and physical activity by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form. Muscle strength was measured by handgrip dynamometer, body composition analysis was measured by bioelectrical impedance method, and sarcopenia was defined according to EWGSOP-2 criteria. The mean age of the participants was 62.1 ± 6.9 years and the prevalence of sarcopenia was 15.7%. Handgrip strength and appendicular skeletal muscle mass significantly decreased with increasing DII score from tertile 1 to 3 (<em>P</em> &lt; .05). A higher DII score was an independent risk factor for sarcopenia (odds ratio = 2.36, 95% confidence interval: 1.25-4.47, <em>P</em> = .008). This study shows that increased DII was independently associated with sarcopenia in adults with type 2 diabetes after adjustment for potential confounders. Dietary strategies aimed at reducing the potential for inflammation through dietary patterns rich in antioxidants, fiber, and omega-3 fatty acids may be useful in managing the risk of sarcopenia in adults with type 2 diabetes aged 50 years and older.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"140 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144481130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial office and Board Members","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0271-5317(25)00073-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0271-5317(25)00073-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"138 ","pages":"Pages i-ii"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144115251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diet quality of a population from a high-income gulf country in the era of transition: Kuwait as a model example","authors":"Badreya Al-Lahou ,&nbsp;Lynne M. Ausman ,&nbsp;José L. Peñalvo ,&nbsp;Gordon S. Huggins ,&nbsp;Fang Fang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.05.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Diet is a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). While the rate of CVD is escalating in Kuwait, studies examining dietary intake in the Kuwaiti population are scarce. This study aimed to evaluate the diet quality of a nationally representative sample of Kuwaiti adults using the first and only National Nutrition Survey. Dietary intake was assessed using a 24-hour dietary recall among 980 adults aged 20 years or older. Diet quality was evaluated using the American Heart Association (AHA) diet score. Intake and scores of the AHA components were analyzed for the total sample and stratified by age and sex using complex survey regression models adjusted for sampling weights. The mean AHA diet score (maximum 80) was 42.5 ± 0.46. Over 70% of adults consumed insufficient amounts of fruits/vegetables, whole grains, fish/shellfish, and nuts/seeds/legumes, while nearly 80% exceeded saturated fat limits and over 95% exceeded sodium recommendations. Diet quality scores increased significantly with age (<em>P</em> &lt; .0001), with older adults (≥60 years, score = 49.4) scoring notably higher than younger adults (&lt;30 years, score = 37.4). Younger adults had particularly low intake of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and fish, while no differences were observed for sodium or nuts/seeds/legumes. Overall diet quality did not differ significantly by sex. Suboptimal diet quality was prevalent, particularly among younger adults in Kuwait. This study underscores the urgent need for targeted dietary improvements and establishes a crucial reference point for future public health initiatives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"142 ","pages":"Pages 23-32"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145150055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"David Kritchevsky Graduate Student Award for Nutrition Research","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0271-5317(25)00074-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0271-5317(25)00074-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"138 ","pages":"Page iii"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144115252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Easy-to-learn dietary behavior change intervention does not significantly improve diet quality of college students: a randomized controlled trial","authors":"Dustin Moore ,&nbsp;Ziyuan Ma ,&nbsp;David Villasenor ,&nbsp;Andrew Odegaard ,&nbsp;Yunxia Lu ,&nbsp;Karen Lindsay","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.05.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.05.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>College students consistently report poor dietary patterns, and face numerous barriers towards improving diet quality. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of an easy-to-learn, semi-personalized diet behavior change intervention on diet quality in college students. This parallel-group, randomized controlled trial was comprised of an ethnically diverse group of full-time college students (<em>N</em> = 114) from two large university campuses in Southern California. Students were screened and excluded if they reported medical conditions requiring a modified diet, were considered at risk for eating disorders, or had a dietary pattern already aligned with the Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGAs). The experimental group selected 2 of 7 predefined diet change statements that aligned with DGAs and carried them daily as keychain tags for four weeks. The control group was asked to read and consider the DGAs, without any specific dietary directives. We hypothesized that the experimental group would report a significant increase in Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2020 total and component scores from baseline to 4 weeks, compared to control group. The population ratio method was used to statistically compare HEI-2020 scores between groups. No significant differences were observed between groups for the HEI-2020 total score or its component scores at 4 weeks or at 8 weeks follow-up. This short-term, easy-to-learn dietary intervention for college students was unsuccessful in improving diet quality. Future studies should consider more frequent participant contact and tailoring behavior change options to aspects of students’ diets most in need of improvement. This trial was registered under ISRCTN #53920728.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"140 ","pages":"Pages 11-23"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144313012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}