Nutrition Research最新文献

{"title":"Peripheral blood ABCG1 gene DNA methylation: mediating the relationship between dietary intake of methyl donor nutrients and stroke risk","authors":"Li Chen ,&nbsp;Qianru Liu ,&nbsp;Juan Li ,&nbsp;Yuhong Zhang ,&nbsp;Chan Yang ,&nbsp;Yi Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.10.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dysregulation of methyl donor nutrients interferes with DNA methylation and is associated with neurological diseases. <em>ABCG1</em> gene regulates cholesterol to HDL-C, maintains lipid homeostasis, and has been linked to both methyl nutrition and neurological risks. The aim was to investigate whether there is an effect of <em>ABCG1</em> DNA methylation on the relationship between intake of methyl donor nutrients and the risk of stroke occurrence. We hypothesize that the intake of methyl donor nutrients may influence stroke occurrence by modulating the methylation status of <em>ABCG1</em>. This study utilized a case-control design and selected 52 stroke patients along with 52 healthy controls from Northwest China. Dietary information was collected using a FFQ, and methylation levels were measured at 29 CpG sites of the <em>ABCG1</em> gene. A significant linear trend was found between dietary intake of the methyl donor nutrient choline and CpG_19.20 methylation of the <em>ABCG1</em> gene (β = -0.037, <em>P</em> = 0.033). Additionally, a significant association was observed between CpG_19.20 methylation and the risk of stroke (OR 2.325, 95% CI 1.210-4.466). Mediation analysis revealed that choline intake indirectly influenced stroke occurrence through its effect on CpG_19.20 methylation levels in the <em>ABCG1</em> gene (β = -0.015, SE = 0.013, 95% CI = [-0.053, -0.001]). We found that DNA methylation at specific CpG sites of the peripheral blood <em>ABCG1</em> gene mediates the association between dietary methyl donor nutrient intake and stroke risk in an adult population from Northwest China. New insights are provided on the prevention and treatment of stroke.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"133 ","pages":"Pages 54-63"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142829466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin D, immune function, and atherosclerosis. Where are we now?","authors":"Ailyn Rivero,&nbsp;Kent R. Wehmeier,&nbsp;Michael J. Haas,&nbsp;Arshag D. Mooradian","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.07.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.07.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The role of vitamin D in regulating calcium metabolism and skeletal growth and disease is widely recognized. Indeed, current recommendations for serum vitamin D concentrations are based on these parameters. A serum vitamin D &lt;20 ng/mL is considered deficient, concentrations between 20 and 30 ng/mL are insufficient, and &gt;30 ng/mL is adequate. However, over the past number of years, epidemiological studies, randomized clinical trials, and preclinical animal and cell culture–based research have demonstrated that vitamin D modulates immune function. Cardiovascular disease (CVD), the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States and in industrialized nations, is mediated in part by chronic inflammation as well as by other well-established risk factors including dyslipidemia, hypertension, obesity, and diabetes. Vitamin D deficiency (&lt;20 ng/mL or &lt;50 nM) is associated with increased CVD risk. As described in this review, several recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses provide some evidence that vitamin D administration to individuals with vitamin D deficiency may have little effect on CVD-related mortality. Many well-designed randomized clinical trials in the general population as well as in people at risk for CVD-related complication later in life provide evidence that treatment may be beneficial. These latter studies as well as the paucity of information regarding the optimal vitamin D concentration required for optimizing immune function in patients indicate that more research is needed to address whether vitamin D supplements may be a cost-effective intervention for preventing CVD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"133 ","pages":"Pages 148-160"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141841495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The potential cardioprotective bioactive compounds in fermented alcoholic beverages: Mechanisms, challenges, and opportunities in beer and wine","authors":"Sakshi Hans ,&nbsp;Ioannis Zabetakis ,&nbsp;Ronan Lordan","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Excessive alcohol consumption is detrimental to human health, and it is implicated in the development of heart disease, stroke, and cancer. However, the last few decades have given rise to epidemiological evidence suggesting that low-to-moderate consumption of red wine and beer may reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Studies have shown that moderate consumption of wine and beer protects against ischemic stroke, increases HDL plasma concentrations, and reduces platelet aggregation and insulin resistance. This cardioprotective effect has previously been attributed to phytochemicals in these beverages. This narrative review explores these potential cardioprotective phytochemicals and the underlying mechanisms responsible. Data from trials investigating the effect of alcoholic beverage consumption and <em>in vitro</em> analyses of the bioactive phytochemical compounds are reviewed. The potential of dealcoholized beverages is also explored. The literature shows that the cardioprotective effects observed with moderate alcohol consumption are mainly owing to the presence of anti-inflammatory polyphenolic and bioactive substances including lipophilic molecules present in low but biologically significant quantities. These phytochemicals are obtained from the raw materials and generated during the brewing processes. Studies indicate that dealcoholized variants of beer and wine also possess beneficial health effects, indicating that these effects are not alcohol dependent. There is also growing interest in dealcoholized beverages that are fortified or enhanced with cardioprotective properties. The development of such beverages is an important avenue of future research so that there are options for consumers who wish to enjoy wine and beer safely.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"133 ","pages":"Pages 108-126"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142872668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Palm and interesterified palm oil-enhanced brown fat whitening contributes to metabolic dysfunction in C57BL/6J mice","authors":"Thamara Cherem Peixoto ,&nbsp;Fernanda Torres Quitete ,&nbsp;Ananda Vitoria Silva Teixeira ,&nbsp;Bruna Cadete Martins ,&nbsp;Ricardo de Andrade Soares ,&nbsp;Geórgia Correa Atella ,&nbsp;Iala Milene Bertasso ,&nbsp;Patrícia Cristina Lisboa ,&nbsp;Angela Castro Resende ,&nbsp;Daniela de Barros Mucci ,&nbsp;Vanessa Souza-Mello ,&nbsp;Fabiane Ferreira Martins ,&nbsp;Julio Beltrame Daleprane","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.11.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.11.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Palm oil is widely used in the food industry owing to its high stability and versatility. The interesterified version has been used as an alternative to oils rich in trans fatty acids. However, the health effects of these vegetable oils are not yet fully understood. We hypothesized that the consumption of palm oil (noninteresterified and interesterified), even without excessive amounts of energy and lipids in the diet, could lead to morphofunctional changes in brown adipose tissue (BAT). To this end, male C57BL/6J mice were divided into 3 dietary groups (n = 10 each): soybean oil (SO), palm oil (PO), and interesterified palm oil (IPO) for 10 weeks. The PO and IPO groups had significant increases in the visceral fat mass and interscapular BAT (iBAT) lipid content. In iBAT, the PO and IPO groups showed lower mRNA expression of <em>Ucp1, Adrb3</em>, and <em>Pgc1a</em>, while the PO also showed lower mRNA levels of <em>Ppara</em> and <em>Ampk</em>, and the IPO showed lower <em>Prdm16</em> expression. Moreover, PO had higher <em>Il6</em> expression and lower catalase activity, while the IPO showed an upregulated <em>Tnfa</em> expression and lower catalase activity, but higher antioxidant activity of the glutathione peroxidase (GPx) enzyme. The consumption of PO and IPO had negative effects on weight and body fat, including the impairment of iBAT function. Our findings give rise to apprehensions regarding the safety and consequences of consuming PO and IPO for energy metabolism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"133 ","pages":"Pages 94-107"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142872582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenotype variability in diet-induced obesity and response to (−)-epigallocatechin gallate supplementation in a Diversity Outbred mouse cohort: A model for exploring gene x diet interactions for dietary bioactives","authors":"Michael G. Sweet ,&nbsp;Lisard Iglesias-Carres ,&nbsp;Peter N. Ellsworth ,&nbsp;Jared D. Carter ,&nbsp;Dahlia M. Nielsen ,&nbsp;David L. Aylor ,&nbsp;Jeffery S. Tessem ,&nbsp;Andrew P. Neilson","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.11.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.11.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The flavan-3-ol (−)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) blunts obesity in inbred mice, but human clinical trials have yielded mixed results. Genetic homogeneity in preclinical models may explain translational disconnect between rodents and humans. The Diversity Outbred (DO) mouse model provides genotype and phenotype variability for characterization of gene x environment (i.e., diet) interactions. We conducted a longitudinal phenotyping study in DO mice. Mice (n = 50) were fed a high-fat diet for 8 weeks and then a high-fat diet + 0.3% EGCG for 8 weeks. We hypothesized that obesity and any protective effects of EGCG would exhibit extreme variability in these genetically heterogeneous mice. As anticipated, DO mice exhibited extreme variation in body composition at baseline (4%-13.9% fat), after 8 weeks of high-fat diet (6.5%-38.1% fat), and after 8 weeks of high-fat diet + EGCG (7.6%-42.6% fat), greater than what is observed in inbred mice. All 50 mice gained body fat on the high-fat diet (changes from baseline of +5% ± 640%). Intriguingly, adiposity variability increased when EGCG was added to the diet (changes from the high-fat diet alone of −52% ± 390%), with 11/50 mice losing body fat. We postulate that the explanation for this variability is genetic heterogeneity. Our data confirm the promise for EGCG to manage obesity but suggest that genetic factors may exert significant control over the efficacy of EGCG. Larger studies in DO mice are needed for quantitative trait loci mapping to identify genetic loci governing EGCG x obesity interactions and translate these findings to precision nutrition in humans.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"133 ","pages":"Pages 78-93"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142872626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A low-dose prebiotic fiber supplement reduces lipopolysaccharide-binding protein concentrations in a subgroup of young, healthy adults consuming low-fiber diets","authors":"Eduardo Z. Romo,&nbsp;Brian V. Hong,&nbsp;Joanne K. Agus,&nbsp;Yanshan Jin,&nbsp;Jea Woo Kang,&nbsp;Angela M. Zivkovic","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.11.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.11.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although the beneficial effects of fiber supplementation on overall health and the gut microbiome are well-known, it is not clear whether fiber supplementation can also alter the concentrations of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP), a marker of intestinal permeability. A secondary analysis of a previously conducted study was performed. In the randomized-order, placebo-controlled, double-blinded, cross-over study 20 healthy, young participants consuming a low-fiber diet at baseline were administered a daily dose of 12 g of prebiotic fiber compared with a placebo over a period of 4 weeks with a 4-week washout between arms. In this secondary analysis, we hypothesized that the fiber supplement would reduce LBP concentration. We further hypothesized that lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase activity, a measure of high-density lipoprotein functional capacity, would be altered. Fiber supplementation did not significantly alter LBP concentration or lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase activity in the overall cohort. However, in a subgroup of individuals with elevated baseline LBP concentrations, fiber supplementation significantly reduced LBP from 9.27 ± 3.52 to 7.02 ± 2.32 µg/mL (<em>P</em> = .003). Exploratory analyses found positive correlations between microbial genes involved in lipopolysaccharide synthesis and conversely negative correlations with genes involved in antibiotic synthesis and LBP. Positive correlations between LBP and multiple sulfated molecules including sulfated bile acids and perfluorooctanesulfonate, and ibuprofen metabolites were also found. These findings highlight multiple environmental and lifestyle factors such as exposure to industrial chemicals and medication intake, in addition to diet, which may influence the association between the gut microbiome and gut barrier function.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"133 ","pages":"Pages 138-147"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142903170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating reliability, quality, and readability of ChatGPT's nutritional recommendations for women with polycystic ovary syndrome","authors":"Elif Ulug ,&nbsp;Irmak Gunesli ,&nbsp;Aylin Acıkgoz Pinar ,&nbsp;Bulent Okan Yildiz","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.11.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) often have many questions about nutrition and turn to chatbots such as Chat Generative Pretrained Transformer (ChatGPT) for advice. This study aims to evaluate the reliability, quality, and readability of ChatGPT's responses to nutrition-related questions asked by women with PCOS. Frequently asked nutrition-related questions from women with PCOS were reviewed in both Turkish and English. The reliability and quality of the answers were independently evaluated by 2 authors and a panel of 10 expert dietitians, using modified DISCERN and global quality score. Additionally, the readability of the answers was calculated using frequently used readability formulas. The mean modified DISCERN scores for English and Turkish versions were 27.6±0.87 and 27.2±0.87, respectively, indicating a fair level of reliability in the responses (16–31 points or 40%–79%). According to the global quality score, 100% of the responses in English and 90.9% of the responses in Turkish were rated as high quality. The readability of responses was classified as “difficult to read” with the readership levels assessed at college level and above for both English and Turkish. The correlation and regression analyses indicated no relationship between reliability, quality, and readability in English. However, a significant relationship was observed between quality and readability indexes in Turkish (<em>P</em> &lt; .05). Our results suggest that ChatGPT's responses to nutrition-related questions about PCOS are generally of high quality, but improvements in both reliability and readability are still necessary. Although ChatGPT can offer general information and guidance on nutrition for PCOS, it should not be considered a substitute for personalized medical advice from health care professionals for effective management of the syndrome.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"133 ","pages":"Pages 46-53"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142824455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"David Kritchevsky Graduate Student Award for Nutrition Research","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0271-5317(25)00011-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0271-5317(25)00011-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"133 ","pages":"Page iii"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143141005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Processed and ultra-processed foods are associated with depression and anxiety symptoms in a cross-sectional sample of urban Lebanese adults","authors":"Lamia Ghernati ,&nbsp;Hani Tamim ,&nbsp;Fatima Al Zahraa Chokor ,&nbsp;Mandy Taktouk ,&nbsp;Batoul Assi ,&nbsp;Lara Nasreddine ,&nbsp;Martine Elbejjani","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.11.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.11.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While low dietary quality has been linked to poor mental health, evidence on more direct relations of specific dietary quality indicators, namely degrees of food processing, with mental health disorders remains limited. This study aims to investigate the association between food groups’ intakes, defined based on their degree of food processing, with depression and anxiety symptoms in a sample of Lebanese adults. We hypothesized that higher intakes of ultra-processed foods (UPF) will be related to higher risk of depression and anxiety while an opposite association will be observed for unprocessed or minimally processed foods (MPF). Data come from a Lebanese cross-sectional study (n = 188 adults). The NOVA classification was adopted for evaluating the intakes of the 4 food groups: unprocessed or minimally processed foods (MPF); processed culinary ingredients (PCI); processed foods (PF) and ultra-processed foods (UPF). Associations between food group intakes in quartiles with depression and anxiety symptoms were analyzed using multivariable regression analyses adjusted for several confounders. Median energy intake was 2481.65 (2617.2) kcal/d, with 36.12% of Total Energy Intakes coming from MPF, 29.71% from PF, 25.25% from UPF, and 5.75% from PCI. Among participants, 33% and 27.7% had elevated depression and anxiety symptoms, respectively. Higher PF intake was associated with significantly lower odds of both depression and anxiety symptoms while a higher UPF intake was associated with higher odds of depression. Results confirm the hypothesized links between UPF and adverse mental health outcomes and highlight the need for further studies on PF intakes and mental health given the culture-specific nature of foods constituting this group.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"133 ","pages":"Pages 172-189"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142952416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity modulates the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and bone stiffness in European children and adolescents","authors":"Lan Cheng ,&nbsp;Hermann Pohlabeln ,&nbsp;Maike Wolters ,&nbsp;Wolfgang Ahrens ,&nbsp;Alfonso Siani ,&nbsp;Toomas Veidebaum ,&nbsp;Michael Tornaritis ,&nbsp;Dénes Molnár ,&nbsp;Gabriele Eiben ,&nbsp;Monica Hunsberger ,&nbsp;Stefaan De Henauw ,&nbsp;Luis A Moreno ,&nbsp;Antje Hebestreit ,&nbsp;the IDEFICS and I.Family consortia","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>It remains unclear how serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations relate to childhood bone health. We hypothesized that 25(OH)D was inversely associated with bone turnover biomarkers and positively associated with bone stiffness. Cross-sectional analyses were performed using data from participants (2-15-year-old, 51% boys) from the <em>Identification and Prevention of Dietary- and Lifestyle-induced Health Effects in Children and Infants Study</em> (IDEFICS)/I.Family cohort, comprising 3,638 serum 25(OH)D measurements collected in 2007-2008 and 2012-2013 across eight European countries. A biomarker of bone formation (serum osteocalcin), a biomarker of bone resorption (serum C-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen [CTx]), and stiffness index measured using calcaneal quantitative ultrasound were considered outcomes. Linear mixed-effects models were used to adjust for confounders (i.e., age, sex, parental education, time spent in sports club, dairy products consumption, sedentary behavior, height and weight <em>z</em>-scores), the cluster effect of country and repeated measurements. Interactions of calcium intake, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and weight status with 25(OH)D on outcomes were tested. Only 1 in 3 participants reached the sufficient 25(OH) D concentration of 20 ng/mL. Sufficient 25(OH)D was associated with higher stiffness index if participants had MVPA ≥60 min/day (β = 12.14, <em>P</em> &lt; .05). Moreover, 25(OH)D was inversely associated with CTx (β = –7.09, <em>P</em> &lt; .05); this association was positive but not statistically significant among primary school children living with overweight/obesity. No interaction was observed for calcium intake. In conclusion, serum 25(OH)D and CTx were inversely associated. MVPA interacted with the positive association between 25(OH)D and bone stiffness, highlighting the importance of promoting MVPA guidelines in future vitamin D and bone health interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"133 ","pages":"Pages 64-77"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142846985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}