Nutrition ResearchPub Date : 2024-09-07DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.09.001
Jiwon Jeong, Sangah Shin
{"title":"A higher dietary inflammatory index score is associated with an increased risk of developing dyslipidemia and its components only in women","authors":"Jiwon Jeong, Sangah Shin","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The dietary inflammatory index (DII) is a tool to evaluate the inflammatory potential of diets. Our research hypothesized that a higher DII score would be associated with an increased risk of dyslipidemia and that this outcome may differ by sex. Data from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study were used. The analysis included participants aged 40 to 69 years from the HEXA study (n = 40,500) and the Ansan-Ansung study (n = 4701). The mean follow-up was 5.03 years for the HEXA study and 8.14 years for the Ansan–Ansung study. The DII scores were calculated based on dietary data. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to calculate hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). In pooled analyses, a high DII score was associated with a higher risk of dyslipidemia and its components. Sex-specific analyses revealed associations only in women. A pro-inflammatory diet, as indicated by a higher DII score, was associated with an increased risk of hypercholesterolemia, hyper-low-density lipoprotein cholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and dyslipidemia, with HR of 1.17 (95% CI: 1.06, 1.29), 1.16 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.29), 1.32 (95% CI: 1.12, 1.52), and 1.17 (95% CI: 1.08, 1.26), respectively. However, among men, there was no association between DII and dyslipidemia. These findings emphasize the inflammation feature of existing dietary patterns in influencing the development of dyslipidemia and related health issues. Further research will be needed to identify the mechanisms of how DII scores affect the risk of dyslipidemia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"130 ","pages":"Pages 67-80"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142326549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nutrition ResearchPub Date : 2024-09-06DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.09.002
Elham Sharifi-Zahabi , Sepideh Soltani , Sahar Asiaei , Paria dehesh , Mohammad Ali Mohsenpour , Farzad Shidfar
{"title":"Higher dietary choline intake is associated with increased risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of cohort studies","authors":"Elham Sharifi-Zahabi , Sepideh Soltani , Sahar Asiaei , Paria dehesh , Mohammad Ali Mohsenpour , Farzad Shidfar","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Evidence indicates that choline and betaine intakes are associated with mortality. Based on the available evidence, we hypothesized that dietary choline and betaine do not increase mortality risk. This meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the association of dietary choline and betaine with mortality from all causes, cardiovascular diseases, and stroke. Online databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and Google Scholar were searched up to 9 March 2024. Six cohort studies comprising 482,778 total participants, 57,235 all-cause, 9351 cardiovascular disease, and 4,400 stroke deaths were included in this study. The linear dose-response analysis showed that each 100 mg/day increase in choline intake was significantly associated with 6% and 11% increases in risk of all-cause (RR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.10, <em>I<sup>2</sup></em> =83.7%, <em>P</em> < .001) and cardiovascular diseases mortality (RR = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.16, <em>I<sup>2</sup></em> = 54.3%, <em>P</em> = .02) respectively. However, dietary betaine, was not associated with the risk of mortality. Furthermore, the result of the nonlinear dose-response analysis showed a significant relationship between betaine intake and stroke mortality at the dosages of 50 to 250 mg/day (<em>P</em><sub>non-linearity</sub>= .0017). This study showed that each 100 mg/day increment in choline consumption was significantly associated with a 6% and 11% higher risk of all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality respectively. In addition, a significant positive relationship between betaine intake and stroke mortality at doses of 50 to 250 mg/day was observed. Due to the small number of the included studies and heterogeneity among them more well-designed prospective observational studies considering potential confounding variables are required.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"130 ","pages":"Pages 48-66"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142326548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nutrition ResearchPub Date : 2024-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.08.003
Bikash Khura , Kedir Y. Ahmed , Parimala Mohanty , Chetti Praveen Kumar , Subash Thapa
{"title":"Minimum dietary diversity is associated with lower risk of childhood underweight: Evidence from the 2019/2021 National Family Health Survey of India","authors":"Bikash Khura , Kedir Y. Ahmed , Parimala Mohanty , Chetti Praveen Kumar , Subash Thapa","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A lack of consumption of a diversified diet is associated with poor physical and cognitive development in children. Evidence on the relationship between minimum dietary diversity (MDD) and childhood malnutrition remains inconclusive in India. We hypothesized that children aged 6 to 23 months on a diversified diet (five out of eight defined foods and beverages) are less likely to be malnourished (stunting, wasting, and underweight) compared to their counterparts who are not on a diversified diet. This cross-sectional study was based on the 2019-2021 National Family Health Survey of India, comprising a weighted sample of 57,714 children aged 6 to 23 months. Multilevel logistic regression was conducted for data analysis. The results showed a significant protective effect of dietary diversity on underweight (odds ratios [OR] = 0.91; 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 0.86-0.96). In addition, children who did not consume eggs (OR = 1.09; 95% CI; 1.03-1.15), dairy products (OR = 1.22; 95% CI: 1.17-1.27), or fruits and vegetables (OR = 1.11; 95% CI: 1.06-1.17) were more likely to be underweight than children who did. Children who did not consume dairy products, fruits, and vegetables were also more likely to be stunted and wasted. However, we did not find significant associations of MDD with wasting and stunting. Nutritional interventions promoting daily consumption of dairy products, eggs, fruit, and vegetables are recommended to address the growing problem of childhood malnutrition in India. Regions with higher rates of malnutrition and those lacking MDD, such as Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan, should be prioritized.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"130 ","pages":"Pages 11-21"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0271531724001106/pdfft?md5=dd45317097db8de50806c9212f750040&pid=1-s2.0-S0271531724001106-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142269331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nutrition ResearchPub Date : 2024-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.07.010
Sin-Hye Park , Jeonghee Lee , So-Youn Jung , Young-Hee Kang , Jeongseon Kim
{"title":"A higher consumption of green and white-colored vegetables and fruits is associated with lowered breast cancer risk among Korean women","authors":"Sin-Hye Park , Jeonghee Lee , So-Youn Jung , Young-Hee Kang , Jeongseon Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.07.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.07.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Breast cancer (BrCa) remains a significant health concern globally, influenced by both nonmodifiable and modifiable risk factors. Limited studies have explored the role of color-specific vegetables and fruits, which are rich in specific phytonutrients, on BrCa risk. We hypothesized that consuming color-specific vegetables and fruits may decrease BrCa risk in Korean women. This case-control study examined the relationship between the intake of different-colored vegetables and fruits and the risk of BrCa, considering menopausal, hormone receptor status, tumor subtypes. We matched 395 patients and 395 controls by age and recruited from the National Cancer Center in Korea. Dietary data was collected via food frequency questionnaire, categorizing by colors: green, orange/yellow, red/purple, and white. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by logistic regression models, with subgroup analyses for menopausal, hormone receptor status, and tumor subtypes. Results shown BrCa patients consumed less vegetables and fruits than control group. Higher consumption of green, other orange/yellow, and white vegetables and fruits was negatively associated with BrCa risk [OR (95% CIs) of Q4 vs Q1 = 0.59 (0.36-0.94); 0.55 (0.33-0.89); and 0.60 (0.37-0.96), respectively]. Particularly, a greater intake of dark green leafy vegetables was significantly associated with reduced BrCa risk (OR of Q4 vs Q1 = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.34-0.89). Subgroup analysis consistently demonstrated inverse associations between higher intake of green-color vegetables and fruits and BrCa risk. Our findings suggest that a diet rich in green and white-color vegetables and fruits may lower BrCa risk among Korean women.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"129 ","pages":"Pages 38-54"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142098996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Therapeutic roles of coenzyme Q10 in peripheral nerve injury-induced neurosensory disturbances: Mechanistic insights from injury to recovery","authors":"Thanyaphorn Vachirarojpisan , Bhumrapee Srivichit , Savitri Vaseenon , Warit Powcharoen , Napatsorn Imerb","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.07.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.07.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs) are prevalent conditions mainly resulting from systemic causes, including autoimmune diseases and diabetes mellitus, or local causes, for example, chemical injury and perioperative nerve injury, which can cause a varying level of neurosensory disturbances (NSDs). Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is an essential regulator of mitochondrial respiration and oxidative metabolism. Here, we review the pathophysiology of NSDs caused by PNIs, the current understanding of CoQ10’s bioactivities, and its potential therapeutic roles in nerve regeneration, based on evidence from experimental and clinical studies involving CoQ10 supplementation. In summary, CoQ10 supplementation shows promise as a neuroprotective agent, potentially enhancing treatment efficacy for NSDs by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation. Future studies should focus on well-designed clinical trials with large sample sizes, using CoQ10 formulations with proven bioavailability and varying treatment duration, to further elucidate its neuroprotective effects and to optimize nerve regeneration in PNIs-induced NSDs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"129 ","pages":"Pages 55-67"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142098995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nutrition ResearchPub Date : 2024-08-30DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.08.002
Susan J. Ward , Alison M. Coates , Katherine L. Baldock , Ty E. Stanford , Alison M. Hill
{"title":"Better diet quality is associated with reduced body pain in adults regardless of adiposity: Findings from the Whyalla Intergenerational Study of Health","authors":"Susan J. Ward , Alison M. Coates , Katherine L. Baldock , Ty E. Stanford , Alison M. Hill","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dietary intake has been associated with pain and physical function, but it is unclear if these relationships are mediated by adiposity. Data were derived from the Whyalla Intergenerational Study of Health (n = 654, 57% women). Structural equation modelling tested the hypotheses that adiposity (body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), or body fat (BF, dual energy x-ray absorptiometry)) would mediate the relationship between diet quality (Dietary Guideline Index (DGI) total, core, or non-core scores) and pain (Short Form-36 bodily pain scale (SF36-BPS)), or physical function (grip-strength), overall, and by gender. Adiposity did not mediate a relationship between DGI scores and pain. Direct effects were observed between DGI total scores and SF36-BPS accounting for BMI (β = 0.170, 95% CI 0.002, 0.339), and between DGI core food scores and SF36-BPS (BMI, β = 0.278, 95% CI 0.070, 0.486; WC, β = 0.266, 95% CI 0.058, 0.474; BF, β = 0.266, 95% CI 0.060, 0.473). In women, direct effects existed between DGI scores and SF36-BPS (DGI total scores, BMI, β = 0.388, 95% CI 0.162, 0.613; WC, β = 0.372, 95% CI 0.146, 0.598; BF, β = 0.382, 95% CI 0.158, 0.605, and DGI core scores, BMI, β = 0.482, 95% CI 0.208, 0.757; WC, β = 0.472, 95% CI 0.197, 0.747; BF, β = 0.467, 95% CI 0.195, 0.739), and DGI total scores and grip-strength (BMI, β = 0.075, 95% CI 0.008, 0.142; WC, β = 0.076, 95% CI 0.009, 0.143; BF, β = 0.079, 95% CI 0.011, 0.146). Better diet quality is associated with lower bodily pain, irrespective of adiposity. Findings highlight the potential role of diet quality in pain management and function, particularly in women.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"130 ","pages":"Pages 22-33"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142319723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nutrition ResearchPub Date : 2024-08-30DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.08.001
Anitra C. Carr , Emma Vlasiuk , Masuma Zawari , Helen Lunt
{"title":"Understanding the additional impact of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus on vitamin C requirements in people living with obesity","authors":"Anitra C. Carr , Emma Vlasiuk , Masuma Zawari , Helen Lunt","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Obesity and diabetes are known to negatively affect vitamin C status. However, whether the presence of diabetes, in addition to obesity, contributes an additional impact on vitamin C status is currently uncertain. In a cohort of 152 adults living with obesity, we assessed metabolic and nutrient parameters in participants without diabetes (<em>n</em> = 92), and with prediabetes (<em>n =</em> 22) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM; <em>n =</em> 35). Vitamin C concentrations were measured in plasma and leukocytes using HPLC and vitamin C intakes were assessed using 24-hour dietary recall. Metabolic severity scores were derived using gender, ethnicity, height, weight, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, HDL, and triglyceride values. In people living with obesity, those with prediabetes and T2DM had increased metabolic dysregulation and decreased vitamin C status relative to those without diabetes (<em>P</em> < .05). Vitamin C deficiency was observed in a high proportion (23%-32%) of participants with prediabetes and T2DM and ≥50% had hypovitaminosis C. However, there was no difference in vitamin C intake between those without diabetes and those with prediabetes or T2DM (<em>P</em> > .05). There was a significant inverse correlation between plasma vitamin C status and metabolic severity score (<em>r</em> = -0.290, <em>P</em> < .001). Linear regression indicated that for every 1-unit increase in metabolic severity score, there was a 6.5 µmol/L decrease in vitamin C status. Thus, the enhanced metabolic dysregulation observed with prediabetes and T2DM is associated with an increased demand for vitamin C in people living with obesity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"130 ","pages":"Pages 1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0271531724001088/pdfft?md5=4dcd7f770898f1a0396c25ae41df57b3&pid=1-s2.0-S0271531724001088-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142264536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nutrition ResearchPub Date : 2024-08-01DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.07.002
Bettina Hieronimus , Simon Hammann , Maren C. Podszun
{"title":"Can the AI tools ChatGPT and Bard generate energy, macro- and micro-nutrient sufficient meal plans for different dietary patterns?","authors":"Bettina Hieronimus , Simon Hammann , Maren C. Podszun","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Artificial intelligence chatbots based on large language models have recently emerged as an alternative to traditional online searches and are also entering the nutrition space. In this study, we wanted to investigate whether the artificial intelligence chatbots ChatGPT and Bard (now Gemini) can create meal plans that meet the dietary reference intake (DRI) for different dietary patterns. We further hypothesized that nutritional adequacy could be improved by modifying the prompts used. Meal plans were generated by 3 accounts for different dietary patterns (omnivorous, vegetarian, and vegan) using 2 distinct prompts resulting in 108 meal plans total. The nutrient content of the plans was subsequently analyzed and compared to the DRIs. On average, the meal plans contained less energy and carbohydrates but mostly exceeded the DRI for protein. Vitamin D and fluoride fell below the DRI for all plans, whereas only the vegan plans contained insufficient vitamin B<sub>12</sub>. ChatGPT suggested using vitamin B<sub>12</sub> supplements in 5 of 18 instances, whereas Bard never recommended supplements. There were no significant differences between the prompts or the tools. Although the meal plans generated by ChatGPT and Bard met most DRIs, there were some exceptions, particularly for vegan diets. These tools maybe useful for individuals looking for general dietary inspiration, but they should not be relied on to create nutritionally adequate meal plans, especially for individuals with restrictive dietary needs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"128 ","pages":"Pages 105-114"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0271531724000915/pdfft?md5=bf93e7d5f008fb898fce35dcd948d075&pid=1-s2.0-S0271531724000915-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141696456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}