Nutrition Research最新文献

{"title":"Editorial office and Board Members","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0271-5317(25)00064-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0271-5317(25)00064-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"137 ","pages":"Pages i-ii"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143878370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beneficial changes in total cholesterol, LDL-C, biomarkers of intestinal inflammation, and vitamin E status in adults with metabolic syndrome consuming almonds as snack foods: a randomized controlled clinical trial","authors":"Laura M. Beaver ,&nbsp;Scott W. Leonard ,&nbsp;Sandra L. Uesugi ,&nbsp;Carmen P. Wong ,&nbsp;Lily-Marie Lytle ,&nbsp;Anusha Vasudevan ,&nbsp;Ethan M. Papenhausen ,&nbsp;Yashasvini Jupudi ,&nbsp;Deborah Bella ,&nbsp;Gerd Bobe ,&nbsp;Maret G. Traber ,&nbsp;Emily Ho","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.04.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.04.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chronic inflammation and gut barrier breakdown contribute to the progression of metabolic syndrome and affect the development of cardiometabolic diseases, especially in persons consuming low-quality diets with limited bioactive compounds. Almonds are a rich source of bioactive compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. We hypothesize almond consumption can help disrupt metabolic syndrome progression by improving gut and cardiometabolic health and decreasing inflammation and oxidative stress. To test this hypothesis, adults with metabolic syndrome were randomized to consume either almonds (2 oz, whole, dry roasted, <em>n</em> = 38) or crackers (control, equal caloric content, <em>n</em> = 39), as a daily snack for 12 weeks, and samples were collected (0, 4, and 12 weeks). Compared with participants consuming crackers, almond consumption resulted in lower plasma total and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol concentrations, a modest improvement in waist circumference (week 4), and improved dietary intakes of α-tocopherol, soluble fiber, copper, biotin, magnesium, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and monounsaturated fatty acids. Almond consumption raised plasma α-tocopherol concentrations (relative to cholesterol concentrations) and increased excretion of a vitamin E biomarker (α-CEHC). Almond consumption improved biomarkers of gut barrier function and intestinal inflammation (fecal calprotectin, myeloperoxidase) in participants with elevated inflammation at baseline. Total body weight, caloric intake, and markers of carbohydrate metabolism (glucose, insulin), systemic inflammation (plasma interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, lipopolysaccharide-binding protein, CD14), and oxidative damage (malondialdehyde) were not altered by almond consumption. In conclusion, daily almond snacking improves nutrient intake and decreases gut inflammation in participants with metabolic syndrome. These beneficial dietary and inflammatory changes may contribute to the improvements in cardiovascular health observed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"139 ","pages":"Pages 50-65"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144108118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of ketone bodies and ketogenesis on the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway: A systematic review","authors":"Azlinah Matawali ,&nbsp;Jia Wen Yeap ,&nbsp;Shaida Fariza Sulaiman ,&nbsp;Mei Lan Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.04.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.04.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ketogenesis and the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway are linked to metabolic imbalance and disease progression. While ketone metabolism and mTOR inhibition are mechanistically connected, their functional relationship across disease models remains unclear. Although ketogenesis can be induced by ketone ingestion, ketogenic diet, or fasting, their individual effects on this pathway require further clarification. This study systematically reviews the relationship between ketogenesis and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling, following PRISMA guidelines across 3 databases. Eligible studies that met the selection criteria were evaluated using the risk of bias tools. In most studies involving the ketogenic diet or ketone bodies, suppression of the signaling pathway may lead to positive outcomes in terms of survival rate, lifespan, improved metabolic homeostasis, enhanced neurovascular function and suppressed progression of tumors. By contrast, β-hydroxybutyrate supplementation is associated with the up-regulation of AKT and downstream markers. It may exert an anabolic activity by activating the mTOR signaling pathway in muscle atrophy models and is associated with muscle recovery. Although fasting increases p-AKT expression, this may not necessarily indicate activation of the downstream mTOR signaling cascade, as it could result from an insulin response or regulatory feedback mechanisms. Regulation of the mTOR signaling by ketogenesis may be tissue-specific. Inhibition of PI3K/AKT/mTOR in ketogenesis-induced circumstances may justify the importance of a ketogenic-based diet regimen in combating metabolic diseases. However, future studies should consider standardizing factors such as the duration of fasting, timing, composition of the ketogenic diet and target tissues as these factors may affect study outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"139 ","pages":"Pages 16-49"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144070344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethnicity modifies the relationship between added sugars and fructose exposure in the first 1000 days and offspring body composition at 24 months","authors":"Sara A. Fortin-Miller ,&nbsp;Byron J. Gajewski ,&nbsp;Susan E. Carlson ,&nbsp;John A. Colombo ,&nbsp;Danielle N. Christifano ,&nbsp;Debra K. Sullivan ,&nbsp;Holly R. Hull","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.04.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.04.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Added sugars (AS) and fructose intake are linked to obesity. Hispanic populations experience high AS intake and obesity rates. It is underexplored if early sugars exposure influences offspring growth, especially across ethnic groups. This secondary analysis examined if AS and fructose intake during pregnancy, infancy, and toddlerhood influenced offspring adiposity at 24 months, and if ethnicity modified outcomes. We hypothesized that higher sugars exposure would predict increased adiposity. Mother-child pairs from a prenatal docosahexaenoic acid supplementation RCT and the offspring follow-up study were included. Dietary intake was assessed at 12 to 20 weeks gestation, and offspring intake at 2 weeks, 6 months, 12 months, and 24 months. Intake was averaged across infancy (Year 1: 2 weeks/6 months) and toddlerhood (Year 2: 12 months/24 months). Anthropometric (<em>n</em> = 130) and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (<em>n</em> = 42) data were collected at 24 months. Multiple hierarchical regression examined associations, with interaction terms testing ethnic differences. Higher AS intake in Year 1 predicted higher weight, fat-free mass, and total adiposity. Compared to non-Hispanic offspring, the association of Year 1 fructose intake with weight and Year 2 AS intake with fat-free mass and central fat mass, were weaker in Hispanic offspring. No other significant associations were observed. The relationships between early AS and fructose intake with body composition are dynamic over time and vary by ethnicity. Our findings highlight the potential risks of early sugars exposure on obesity and metabolic health, underscoring the need for further research to inform early-life dietary interventions and public health policies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"139 ","pages":"Pages 1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The metabolic effects of intermittent fasting in patients with type 2 diabetes exist in the short term but disappear after its discontinuation: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","authors":"Fangjun Liu ,&nbsp;Zhengxin Zhang ,&nbsp;Wenjie Sun ,&nbsp;Tao Li","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.04.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.04.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This meta-analysis aimed to determine the short- (&lt; 3 months) and long-term (≥ 3 months) metabolic effects of IF in patients with type 2 diabetes. We hypothesized that IF is non-inferior to other dietary control methods (including continuous energy restriction, standard diet, Mediterranean diet and ad libitum diet) in terms of both short-term and long-term metabolic impacts in patients with type 2 diabetes. We searched for studies in the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library until August 20, 2023. Studies with non-type 2 diabetes patients, interventions other than IF, no control group, or non-randomized clinical trial designs were excluded. A meta-analysis was then conducted with a random effects model. The Risk of Bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool (ROB 2). 12 articles with a total of 966 participants were included. IF significantly decreased glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (standardized mean difference [SMD]: –0.93; 95% confidence interval [CI]: –1.64, –0.22; P = 0.01), fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (SMD: –0.73; 95% CI: –0.92, –0.54; P &lt; 0.00001) and body weight (SMD: –1.11; 95% CI: –1.92, –0.31; P = 0.007) in the short term compared to control interventions, but showed a similar effect to control interventions in the long term. Substantial heterogeneity existed among our studies. Over the intervention period, long-term IF may safely and feasibly help patients with type 2 diabetes effectively manage blood sugar and reduce body weight, but the metabolic benefits of IF don't endure after its discontinuation. Therefore, continual long-term IF may provide more lasting metabolic benefits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"138 ","pages":"Pages 135-150"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143942516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A digital health-supported Prediabetes Intervention, Management and Evaluation (PRIME) Program improves Healthy Eating Index score: A cluster randomized controlled trial","authors":"Choon Ming Ng ,&nbsp;Kah Woon Teoh ,&nbsp;Chun Wie Chong ,&nbsp;Yi Ling Ng ,&nbsp;J Simon Bell ,&nbsp;Shaun Wen Huey Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.04.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.04.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There has been increasing interest in digital health-supported interventions to facilitate lifestyle change for diabetes prevention. In this secondary analysis of a digital health-supported Prediabetes Intervention, Management and Evaluation (PRIME) cluster randomized controlled trial, we hypothesized that PRIME can improve dietary outcomes among overweight/obese people with prediabetes in Malaysia (<em>n</em> = 82). PRIME Program was only meant for the healthy population without any significant conditions other than prediabetes and metabolic syndrome. The intervention group received the PRIME mobile app equipped with nutrition education modules, online peer support for motivation, nutrition quizzes for reinforcement, and face-to-face personalized counseling sessions by health coaches, supported with real-time health data while control group received usual care. The outcomes included dietary quality, nutrient intake, and food group consumption. Adjusted mixed model analysis showed that the intervention group had a significant improvement in the total healthy eating index score (+7.69%, 95% CI: 3.53-11.85, <em>P</em> &lt; .001), vegetables (+0.68 servings/d, 95% CI: 0.26-1.11, <em>P</em> = .002), refined grains (–0.61 servings/d, 95% CI: –1.01 to –0.21, <em>P</em> = .003) and sodium intake (–436.06 mg, 95% CI: –677.46 to –194.66, <em>P</em> &lt; .001) when compared to the control group. The present study provided data to inform practice directed at supporting the implementation of a digital health-supported lifestyle intervention in complementing and augmenting existing strategies for diabetes prevention among high-risk groups in Malaysia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"138 ","pages":"Pages 151-161"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143947026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Queen garnet plum juice supplementation does not provide additional cognitive benefits over a group-based memory program in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: A randomized clinical trial","authors":"Naomi May ,&nbsp;Zoe Fitzgerald ,&nbsp;Samantha Broyd ,&nbsp;Vinicius do Rosario ,&nbsp;Steven Roodenrys ,&nbsp;Vida Bliokas ,&nbsp;Susan Thomas ,&nbsp;Jan Potter ,&nbsp;Jenson George ,&nbsp;Katrina Weston-Green ,&nbsp;Karen E. Charlton","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.04.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.04.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Research suggests a role for inflammation and oxidative stress in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and its progression. Evidence suggests anthocyanin-rich foods may reduce inflammation and oxidative stress and improve cognition but benefits in MCI are unclear. Therefore, it was hypothesized that daily consumption of anthocyanin-rich Queen Garnet Plum (QGP) juice would improve cognition, mood and blood pressure in people with MCI. Participants diagnosed with MCI (<em>N</em> = 42) participated in a double-blind, randomized controlled trial. Participants were administered either QGP juice or apricot juice (comparator) daily for 8-weeks and participated in a 6-week group-based memory program. Cognitive function was assessed using a battery of cognitive tests, including the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT), Complex Figure Test (CFT), Royal Prince Alfred-Prospective Memory Test (RPA-ProMem), and Comprehensive Assessment of Prospective Memory self-report (CAPM-self). Mood and blood pressure were also measured pre- and post-intervention. There was a significant effect of TIME for total RAVLT (<em>P = .</em>028, <em>η²</em> = .12), CFT-recall (<em>P = .</em>036, <em>η²</em> = .11), RPA-ProMem (<em>P &lt; .</em>001, <em>η²</em> = .28), and CAPM-self (<em>P = .</em>007, <em>η²</em> = .22) scores. There was a non-significant trend towards an interaction for CFT-recall (<em>p</em> = .063, <em>η</em>^<em>2</em> = .09), where Bonferroni adjusted pairwise comparisons showed that the QGP group, but not comparators, had significantly improved CFT-recall scores (QGP: +13.93%, <em>P = .</em>007; comparators: +0.84%, <em>P = .</em>855). Overall, QGP consumption during a group-based memory rehabilitation program did not result in additional cognitive benefits in older adults with MCI. This trial was registered at the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry as ACTRN12618001184268.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"138 ","pages":"Pages 107-121"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143924058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A pro-inflammatory diet is associated with higher body adiposity in kidney transplant recipients","authors":"Mariana Silva da Costa ,&nbsp;Mariana Ribeiro Costa Portugal ,&nbsp;Jenneffer Rayane Braga Tibaes ,&nbsp;Larissa Santos Maciel de Azevedo Bianchi ,&nbsp;Karine Scanci da Silva Pontes ,&nbsp;Ana Paula Medeiros Menna Barreto ,&nbsp;Lucas Boechat Caparelli ,&nbsp;Maria Inês Barreto Silva ,&nbsp;Márcia Regina Simas Torres Klein","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.04.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.04.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The dietary inflammatory index (DII) has been associated with obesity and cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) in the general population. We hypothesized that in kidney transplant recipients (KTR), a positive relationship between DII, body adiposity and CVRF would also be observed. To test this hypothesis, we conducted a cross-sectional study with adult KTR. Body mass index (BMI), body adiposity index (BAI) and waist circumference (WC) were assessed. Total fat mass (FM), trunk FM, and load-capacity index (LCI) were evaluated using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Energy-adjusted DII (E-DII) was estimated based on three 24-h recalls and stratified as anti-inflammatory (E-DII&lt;0) and pro-inflammatory (E-DII&gt;0). CVRF included hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and metabolic syndrome. A total of 170 KTR, 59% male, with 49.5 (42-57) years and E-DII from -2.89 to 4.78 were evaluated. KTR with E-DII&gt;0, compared to those with E-DII&lt;0, exhibited significantly higher values of BAI, total FM (kg), and LCI. In multiple adjusted linear regression, E-DII was significantly associated with WC, total FM (kg), and trunk FM (kg). Logistic regression analysis indicated that E-DII&gt;0 was significantly associated with obesity, as assessed by BAI. E-DII was not associated with CVRF. The present study suggests that a pro-inflammatory diet is associated with higher total and central body adiposity in KTR. Interventions targeting an anti-inflammatory diet may contribute to reducing excessive body adiposity in this population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"138 ","pages":"Pages 122-134"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional status reshapes gut microbiota composition in adolescent Afghan refugees in Peshawar, Pakistan","authors":"Muhammad Shahzad ,&nbsp;Muhammad Arshad ,&nbsp;Habab Ali Ahmad ,&nbsp;Ishawu Iddrissu ,&nbsp;Elizabeth H. Bailey ,&nbsp;Nizar Dru ,&nbsp;Shabir Khan ,&nbsp;Haris Khan ,&nbsp;Simon C. Andrews","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.04.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although the human gut microbiome, and its role in health and disease, have been extensively studied in different populations, a comprehensive assessment of gut microbiome composition has not been performed in vulnerable refugee populations. In this study, we hypothesized that overall nutritional status, as indicated by serum micronutrients concentrations, is an important driver of variations in gut microbiome composition. Therefore, gut-microbiome diversity and associated demographic, health and nutritional factors were assessed in adolescent Afghan refugees (n=206). Blood and faecal samples were collected and analysed for nutrition status markers and 16S rRNA gene amplicon-based community profiling, respectively. Bioinformatics and statistical analysis were performed using SPSS, QIIME and R. Overall, 56 distinct phyla, 117 families and 252 genera were identified in the faecal samples. Bacterial diversity (alpha and beta diversity) and the <em>Firmicutes:Bacteroidetes</em> (F/B) ratio were significantly higher in the 15 to 19 year old age group (cf. the 10-14 age group) but were lower in the underweight and vitamin D deficient groups. Furthermore, LEfSe analysis identified significant differences in the relative abundance of bacterial genera based on age, BMI and micronutrient (vitamins and minerals) status. These results were further scrutinised by correlation analysis which confirmed that age, BMI and micronutrient status show significant correlations with F/B ratio and the relative abundance of specific bacterial taxa. Collectively, our study provides the first indication of how the gut-microbiota profile of adolescent Afghan refugees is associated with a range of nutrition-status factors. These findings can thus provide a basis for translational microbiota research aimed at improving the health of such understudied and vulnerable populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"138 ","pages":"Pages 55-67"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143886729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbiota-induced inflammation mediates the impacts of a Western diet on hippocampal-dependent memory","authors":"Eden Crain ,&nbsp;Dulce M. Minaya ,&nbsp;Claire B. de La Serre","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.04.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Obesity is associated with impaired hippocampal-dependent memory, but the mechanisms driving this pathology are not fully understood. Western diets (WD) contribute to obesity, and previous reviews have described a role for WD in impaired hippocampal-dependent memory. However, there is need for a more detailed description of the pathways by which WD may impair memory. The short vs long-term effect of specific dietary components on brain structure and functions as well as the precise mechanism and molecular pathways involved are still not fully understood. This review focuses on the mechanisms and effects of gut microbiota-driven neuroinflammation. WD leads to changes and imbalance in bacterial taxa abundances that are deleterious to the host health (gut dysbiosis) and studies in rodent models show these changes are sufficient to impair hippocampal-dependent memory. Here, we discuss a variety of proposed mechanisms linking microbiota composition to hippocampal function, with a focus on neuroinflammation. Gut microbiota impacts gastrointestinal barrier function, leading to increased circulating proinflammatory bacterial products, increased blood-brain barrier permeability, and neuroinflammation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"138 ","pages":"Pages 89-106"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143916599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}