Nutrition Research最新文献

{"title":"Higher dietary n - 3 PUFA and fiber intake are associated with longer leukocyte telomere length: Evidence from a substitution model analysis in the UK Biobank","authors":"Vasiliki Bountziouka ,&nbsp;Christopher P. Nelson ,&nbsp;Veryan Codd ,&nbsp;Nilesh J. Samani","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.08.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.08.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Telomere attrition is a biomarker of cellular aging, influenced by lifestyle and dietary exposures. The specific role of macronutrient composition, particularly polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), in telomere dynamics remains insufficiently explored. We hypothesized that higher intake of specific macronutrients, particularly PUFAs, would be positively associated with leukocyte telomere length (LTL). In this cross-sectional study of 143,553 UK Biobank participants aged 40-69 years, we examined associations between macronutrient intake and standardized LTL (z-LTL), measured as the log-transformed telomere repeat to single-copy gene ratio. Dietary intake was assessed using repeated 24-hour web-based dietary recalls. Multivariable linear regression models were used to estimate associations between macronutrients (% of total energy intake) and z-LTL, adjusting for demographic, lifestyle, and clinical covariates. Effect estimates were translated into age-equivalent changes in LTL. Carbohydrate and total fat intake were positively associated with z-LTL, corresponding to age-related LTL differences of approximately 30-40 days. In energy substitution models, <em>n</em> - 3 PUFA intake showed a stronger positive association with z-LTL than other fats, with adherence to recommended intake associated with differences equivalent to over 2 years (<em>P &lt; .</em>0001) of age-related telomere shortening, whereas no evidence of an association for MUFA was observed. Energy-adjusted fibre intake was associated with an age-related change of LTL equivalent to 1 year (<em>P &lt; .</em>0001). These findings suggest that dietary composition, particularly <em>n</em> - 3 PUFA intake, may be linked with LTL in a manner consistent with healthier cellular aging. Further longitudinal and experimental studies are needed to confirm these associations and explore their implications for dietary guidance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"142 ","pages":"Pages 63-75"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145186263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing apples to apples: Evaluating foodomics in precision nutrition research featuring the influence of polyphenols on the gut microbiome","authors":"Eva Keohane ,&nbsp;Jessica Prenni ,&nbsp;Sarah A. Johnson ,&nbsp;Charlene Van Buiten","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.09.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This review aimed to evaluate the use of advanced omics methodologies in dietary intervention clinical trials investigating the influence of polyphenols on the gut microbiome. All published clinical studies in the Cochrane Library database from 2014 to 2024 containing the keywords “polyphenols” and “gut microbiome” were compiled and categorized based on experimental design, analytical methodologies, and findings. We found that despite known variability in food composition across agricultural and processing parameters, omics analysis of the food used in clinical nutrition interventions has not been widely embraced. None of the studies evaluated employed untargeted omics approaches for food composition analysis, while 5 of the 38 studies used untargeted omics for clinical samples analysis. Targeted analytical methods focused on known compounds or proxies were more commonly used for food composition analysis (18 of 38 studies) and clinical samples (24 of 38 studies), though analysis of clinical samples focused on a greater number of target compounds. Data from these studies support relationships between the gut microbiome, clinical outcomes, and specific metabolites. However, several studies highlight inconsistencies between their findings and previous literature, which may be attributed to unrealized differences in polyphenol composition. We propose that inclusion of comprehensive omics-based food composition analyses in dietary intervention clinical trials may increase study value by accounting for variability in food composition and enabling novel discovery. Such data would support the emerging fields of personalized and precision nutrition, aimed at understanding the influence of individual human characteristics on physiological responses to foods, nutrients, phytochemicals, and dietary patterns.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"142 ","pages":"Pages 76-90"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145200528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robustness is action, not assertion: Reassessing an isolation attempt reveals methodological breaches in dietary inorganic nitrate research","authors":"Jonas Benjamim","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.09.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"142 ","pages":"Pages 91-93"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145221882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spirulina liquid extract regulates gene expression related to glucose and lipid metabolisms of soleus muscle during exercise training in young male Wistar rats fed a high-fat diet","authors":"Jordi Vignaud ,&nbsp;Céline Loiseau ,&nbsp;Martine Côme ,&nbsp;Josiane Hérault ,&nbsp;Claire Mayer ,&nbsp;Olivier Lépine ,&nbsp;Lionel Ulmann","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.09.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.09.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metabolic disorders induced by high-fat diets (HFD) contribute to obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. While <em>Spirulina</em> liquid extract (SLE) has shown promise in improving lipid accumulation and insulin resistance, in vivo evidence remains limited, particularly in combination with exercise. Muscle activity is a key regulator of metabolism, but the potential combined effect of SLE and physical training under HFD conditions has not been established. In this study, young male rats were fed an HFD (60% energy from lipids) and assigned to four groups: HFD with 10% fructose (HF_f), HF_f with SLE (HF_fSP), HF_f with exercise (HF_fT), and HF_f with both interventions (HF_fSPT). Bodyweight, lipid profiles, glycemia regulation, and gene expression in soleus muscle (SOL) of lipid and glucose metabolism were assessed. SLE reduced fasting glycemia compared to the HF_f group (1.19-fold) and upregulated Gys1 (1.78-fold) and CPT1A expression (4.13-fold) in SOL. Training improved glucose tolerance, as reflected by reduced area under the curve (<em>P</em> = .01), and upregulated PGC1⍺ and CPT1A expression. The combined intervention (HF_fSPT) decreased bodyweight, increased high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (1.62-fold), reduced the atherogenic index of plasma (1.39-fold). During training conditions, PGC1⍺ expression was downregulated by SLE (3.03-fold), suggesting a possible interference with exercise-induced muscle adaptation. p38 MAPK, elevated by HFD, was downregulated by SLE, exercise, and their combination (3.20-, 5.14-, and 2.72-fold, respectively). Overall, these findings support the potential of SLE as a complementary strategy to exercise in attenuating HFD-induced metabolic dysfunctions, while also raising concerns about possible interference with training adaptations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"143 ","pages":"Pages 1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145242390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Moderate carotenoid intakes protect against sarcopenic obesity among U.S. adults: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Hang Zhang ,&nbsp;Li Li ,&nbsp;Yuwei Wang ,&nbsp;Yuhan Xie ,&nbsp;Bing Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carotenoids have been recognized for their potential health benefits due to their potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. However, evidence regarding the specific relationship between carotenoid intake and sarcopenic obesity (SO) remains limited. We hypothesized that moderate carotenoid intake was associated with a lower SO risk. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 10,060 adults aged 18 to 59 from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2018. Whole-body composition was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, while carotenoid intake was obtained through two 24-hour dietary recall interviews. Weighted logistic regression models, stratified analyses, restricted cubic spline analyses, and sensitivity analyses were utilized for this study. The weighted prevalence of SO was 7.51%. Weighted logistic regression revealed that dietary α-carotene, β-carotene, and β-cryptoxanthin intake was inversely associated with SO risk after accounting for various variables. Age-stratified analyses revealed a significant inverse association between α-carotene intake and SO risk among adults aged 40 to 59, whereas β-carotene and β-cryptoxanthin exhibited similar inverse relationships in the 18 to 39 age group. The sex-stratified analysis demonstrated that the highest tertile of α-carotene, β-carotene, and β-cryptoxanthin intake was inversely correlated with the risk of SO among females. Restricted cubic spline regression analysis revealed a U-shaped association between dietary intake of α-carotene, β-carotene, and β-cryptoxanthin with SO risk, particularly in 40-59-year-olds and females. In conclusion, moderate dietary α-carotene (0.77 mg/day), β-carotene (3.93 mg/day), and β-cryptoxanthin (0.19 mg/day) consumption was associated with a lower SO risk. The relationship between these carotenoids and SO was nonlinear, particularly among individuals aged 40 to 59 years and in females.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"142 ","pages":"Pages 46-62"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145156508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioaccessible compounds from bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) landraces activate PPARγ in transiently transfected HepG2 cells","authors":"Pia Eckhof ,&nbsp;Nélida Nina ,&nbsp;Sarah Bauer ,&nbsp;Thomas A Kufer ,&nbsp;Jan Frank ,&nbsp;Felipe Jiménez-Aspee","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Common beans (<em>Phaseolus vulgaris</em> L.) are a nutrient-dense staple food associated with a reduced risk of noncommunicable chronic diseases. One proposed mechanism involves the modulation of nuclear receptors, particularly peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), which are key regulators of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. In this study, we evaluated the effects of <em>in vitro</em> digested flours, secondary metabolite-enriched extracts (SMEEs), their fractions, and selected representative phytochemicals from 14 landraces and 2 commercial <em>P. vulgaris</em> samples to directly activate PPARs and other nuclear receptors using a luciferase reporter assay in transiently transfected HepG2 cells. We hypothesized that bioaccessible compounds from the digested landraces would directly activate PPARγ in HepG2 cells. Digested flours from landraces such as Magnum and Peumo significantly activated both PPARγ1 and PPARγ2, reaching values up to 1.54-fold higher than the controls (<em>P</em> &lt; .05). Corresponding SMEEs showed stronger activities, with up to 2.32-fold activation compared to the controls (<em>P</em> &lt; .05). In contrast, none of the polarity-based fractions or the major identified phytochemicals (kaempferol-3-O-glycoside, sojasaponin Ba and Bb) showed significant effects. These findings demonstrate that digested <em>P. vulgaris</em> matrices contain bioaccessible compounds capable of directly activating PPARγ in HepG2 cells, likely through synergistic interactions or unidentified constituents. This mechanistic evidence supports the functional relevance of traditional bean landraces in precision nutrition strategies targeting metabolic health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"142 ","pages":"Pages 33-45"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145156507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"David Kritchevsky Graduate Student Award for Nutrition Research","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0271-5317(25)00114-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0271-5317(25)00114-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"141 ","pages":"Page iii"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145044872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial office and Board Members","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0271-5317(25)00113-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0271-5317(25)00113-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"141 ","pages":"Pages i-ii"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145044871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The light is in the details: Transparent methodology and scientific integrity in systematic review design.","authors":"Daniel Forster, Gustavo Waclawovsky, Giuseppe Potrick Stefani","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.08.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nutres.2025.08.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145102959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The devil is in the details: Reassessing an isolation attempt reveals methodological breaches in dietary inorganic nitrate research.","authors":"Jonas Benjamim","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.08.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nutres.2025.08.008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145131372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}