Nutrition Research最新文献

{"title":"High dietary antioxidant index associated with reduced insulin resistance in female Mexican children and adolescents","authors":"Rogelio F. Jiménez-Ortega ,&nbsp;Joacim Meneses-León ,&nbsp;Sonia Hernández ,&nbsp;Priscila Thebar-Moreno ,&nbsp;Diana I. Aparicio-Bautista ,&nbsp;Adriana Becerra-Cervera ,&nbsp;Carlos Aguilar-Salinas ,&nbsp;Jorge Salmerón ,&nbsp;Berenice Rivera-Paredez ,&nbsp;Rafael Velázquez-Cruz","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.09.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.09.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antioxidant intake is inversely associated with different health outcomes; however, its association with insulin resistance (IR) has not been well documented. We hypothesized that the Dietary Antioxidant Index (DAI) is inversely associated with IR in Mexican children and adolescents. A cross-sectional analysis was performed using data from the Health Workers Cohort Study. A total of 830 children and adolescents aged 7 to 18 years were enrolled. The DAI was evaluated in three categories defined by tertiles using a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. IR was defined using previously reported cutoff points in the homeostasis model assessment. This association was evaluated using a multiple logistic regression model. Stratified analysis was performed using body mass index and sex. The prevalence of IR based on the DAI categories (low, medium, high) was 23.8%, 24.2%, and 15.3%, respectively. The IR odds ratio (OR) for participants in the highest DAI category was 0.49 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.30-0.80). Notably, female Children and Adolescents in the highest DAI category had significantly lower odds of developing IR than those in the lowest DAI category (OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.29-0.98). Participants with overweight/obesity showed a similar association (OR 0.37, 95% CI 0.18-0.76). These results suggest that the DAI is inversely associated with IR, particularly in females, highlighting the potential role of antioxidants in preventing IR. This underscores the need to establish recommendations for antioxidant consumption in female children and adolescents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"132 ","pages":"Pages 53-66"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142504902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved metabolic stability in iNOS knockout mice with Lactobacillus supplementation","authors":"Hobby Aggarwal ,&nbsp;Jyoti Gautam ,&nbsp;Sonu Kumar Gupta ,&nbsp;Bhabatosh Das ,&nbsp;Yashwant Kumar ,&nbsp;Kumaravelu Jagavelu ,&nbsp;Madhu Dikshit","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.09.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.09.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Oxidative and nitrosative stress play pivotal roles in normal physiological processes and the pathogenesis of metabolic disorders. Previous studies from our lab demonstrated insulin resistance (IR), and dyslipidemia in iNOS^−/− mice, emphasizing the importance of maintaining optimal redox balance. These mice exhibited altered gut microbiota with decreased <em>Lactobacillus</em>. Therefore, we hypothesized that <em>Lactobacillus</em> supplementation could mitigate metabolic disturbances in iNOS^−/− mice. To test this hypothesis, iNOS^−/− mice and wild-type (WT) mice were divided into four groups: iNOS^−/- with or without Lactobacillus supplementation, WT with or without Lactobacillus supplementation and glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, gluconeogenesis, lipids, gene expression related to glucose and lipid metabolism (qPCR), fecal gut microbiota (16S rRNA sequencing), and serum and caecum metabolomics (LC-MS) were monitored. IR and dyslipidemic iNOS^−/− mice exhibited reduced microbial diversity, diminished presence of <em>Lactobacillus</em>, and altered serum metabolites, indicating metabolic dysregulation. <em>Lactobacillus</em> supplementation in iNOS^−/− mice effectively reversed glucose intolerance, IR, dyslipidemia, and associated metabolic irregularities compared to WT. These improvements correlated with changes in gene expression related to fatty acid synthesis in liver and adipose tissue, lipid oxidation in liver, and lipid efflux in intestinal tissue as compared to untreated iNOS^−/− mice. Despite the positive effects on metabolic markers, <em>Lactobacillus</em> supplementation did not reduce body weight or rectify disrupted energy balance, as evidenced by reduced VCO₂ production, heat generation, and metabolic rates in iNOS^−/− mice. The results suggest that <em>Lactobacillus</em> supplementation ameliorates metabolic disturbances but did not fully restore disrupted energy balance, highlighting complex interactions between the gut microbiome and metabolism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"132 ","pages":"Pages 95-111"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142624993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urinary metals are associated with obesity in U.S. children and adolescents: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Xinyun Zhou,&nbsp;Hongliang Jin,&nbsp;Yan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.09.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.09.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heavy metals are pervasive in the environment, and exposure to these metals may contribute to obesity in children and adolescents. We hypothesized that metal exposures are associated with obesity in children and adolescents. Data were drawn from children and adolescents aged 6 to 19 years from the 2007 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We employed weighted multivariate logistic regression and restricted cubic spline to explore the effects of individual metal exposures on obesity, and weighted quantile sum regression, quantile g-computed regression, and Bayesian kernel machine regression to explore the effects of mixed metal exposures on obesity. Subgroup analyses by gender were also performed. All models were adjusted for age, gender, race, poverty to income ratio, and serum cotinine. Among the 3,650 children and adolescents studied, 21.04% had obesity. Logistic regression revealed positive associations between barium (OR = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.07-1.40) and thallium (OR = 1.55, 95% CI: 1.23-2.15) with obesity, while cadmium (OR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.61-0.89), cobalt (OR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.41-0.62), and lead (OR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.57-0.86) were negatively associated with obesity. Restricted cubic spline indicated a nonlinear relationship between lead and thallium and obesity. Quantile g-computed regression demonstrated that mixed metal exposure was negatively associated with obesity (OR = 0.50, 95% CI: 0.42-0.59). Subgroup analyses revealed a gender-specific effect for mercury (<em>P</em> for interaction = 0.03), which was negatively associated with obesity in females (OR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.69-0.99). In conclusion, metal exposures are associated with obesity in children and adolescents, with gender differences.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"132 ","pages":"Pages 40-52"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142504903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Higher sweet beverage consumption was associated with increased gestational weight gain and birth weight: A Chinese cohort study","authors":"Shuang Zhang,&nbsp;Cuiping Zhang,&nbsp;Jia Guo,&nbsp;Baojuan Li,&nbsp;Weiqin Li,&nbsp;Jinnan Liu,&nbsp;Lingyan Feng,&nbsp;Peng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.09.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.09.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Diet during pregnancy is crucial to maternal metabolism and fetal development, so exploring the most potent food risk factor could improve maternal and child health. In this study, we investigated the diet and lifestyle of 833 healthy pregnant women in the second trimester from November 2020 to August 2021. Based on the Tianjin Antenatal Care System in China, we followed up with these women and recorded their gestational weight gain (GWG) and newborn birth weight. We conducted a dietary survey through FFQ based on the food groups recommended by the Chinese Dietary Guidelines and included common ultra-processed foods. We collected 219 semi-quantitative FFQs and 614 self-reported FFQs for analysis. According to the consumption frequency of 12 food groups, 4 dietary patterns were extracted by principal component analysis. We analyzed the associations of food energy, consumption frequency, and dietary patterns with GWG and birth weight, especially GWG in the first and second trimesters (f-GWG). The results showed that f-GWG was positively correlated with food energy. Beverage consumption was associated with f-GWG (<em>r</em> = 0.288, <em>P</em> = .026) in obese pregnant women. A dietary pattern that favors high consumption of ultra-processed foods (fried foods, baked desserts, and sweet beverages) was associated with increased GWGs. Non-obesity women with high consumption of baked desserts and sweet beverages had higher GWGs (<em>P</em> &lt; .05). After adjusting for confounding factors (including total energy, physical activity, and sleep quality), only sweet beverage consumption was associated with f-GWG (<em>β</em> 0.498, 95%CI 0.153-0.843) and birth weight (<em>β</em> 0.124, 95%CI 0.009-0.240). Sweet beverage consumption is a key adjustable risk factor for prenatal care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"132 ","pages":"Pages 15-26"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142444647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supplementation of spermidine at 40 mg/day has minimal effects on circulating polyamines: An exploratory double-blind randomized controlled trial in older men","authors":"Patrick Keohane ,&nbsp;Jeremy R. Everett ,&nbsp;Rui Pereira ,&nbsp;Chad M. Cook ,&nbsp;Traci M. Blonquist ,&nbsp;Eunice Mah","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.09.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.09.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study represents the first investigation into the safety of a novel, high-purity spermidine trihydrochloride supplement (hpSPD) in humans. Spermidine, a natural compound found in various foods, has demonstrated potential health benefits in animal and epidemiological studies. However, evidence from clinical trials and safety evaluations of spermidine supplements is limited because pure spermidine for human administration has not been available. In this randomized, double-blind, within-subject and placebo-controlled trial, 37 healthy men (age 50–70 years; body mass index, 18.5–28 kg/m²) were administered either hpSPD or a placebo. We hypothesized that 7-day and 28-day dosing of 40 mg/day of hpSPD would have minimal effects on safety, although metabolic and polyamine homeostasis has not previously been examined at this dosage level. Consistent with our hypothesis, 40 mg/day hpSPD did not result in any significant changes in clinical, lipids, chemistry, or hematological parameters compared to placebo. Compliance was high, and no study product-related adverse events were reported. Substantial changes in serum and urine polyamine concentrations were not observed following hpSPD supplementation, suggesting effective homeostatic control of full-dose highly purified spermidine supplements with no evidence of adaptation of spermidine metabolism at 40 mg/day. These findings suggest that hpSPD at 40 mg/day for up to 28 days is safe and well-tolerated in healthy older men. The study is consistent with preclinical results and provides important evidence supporting the safety of high-purity spermidine supplementation, enabling further research with single-molecule spermidine to investigate its potential biology for improving human health. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05459961).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"132 ","pages":"Pages 1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142433587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological and transcriptome data identify association between iron overload and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and hepatic fibrosis","authors":"Chunling Li ,&nbsp;Mengqi Qu ,&nbsp;Xiangfeng Tian ,&nbsp;Wenyi Zhuang ,&nbsp;Meng Zhu ,&nbsp;Shengxia Lv ,&nbsp;Yongsheng Zhang ,&nbsp;Feiye Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.09.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.09.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The primary objective of this study was to examine the association between iron overload (IO), metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), and hepatic fibrosis. We hypothesized that there is a significant association. Data from the NHANES (2017-2020) were analyzed to explore IO's impact on MASLD and hepatic fibrosis in U.S. adults. We assessed serum ferritin, controlled attenuation parameter (CAP), liver stiffness measurement (LSM), and various covariates. Gene expression data were sourced from the FerrDb V2 and GEO databases. Differential gene expression analysis, Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) Network construction, and Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses were performed. The study verified the link between MASLD, hepatic fibrosis, and iron overload hub genes. This study of 5927 participants, averaging 46.78 years of age, revealed significant correlations between serum ferritin and CAP, LSM, after adjusting for covariates. Threshold effect analysis indicated nonlinear associations between serum ferritin and CAP, LSM, with distinct patterns observed by age and gender. Moreover, the area under the ROC curve for serum ferritin with MASLD and hepatic fibrosis was 0.8272 and 0.8376, respectively, demonstrating its performance in assessing these conditions. Additionally, molecular analyses identified potential hub genes associated with iron overload and MASLD, and hepatic fibrosis, revealing the underlying mechanisms. Our study findings reveal an association between iron overload, MASLD, and hepatic fibrosis. Additionally, the hub genes may be implicated in iron overload and subsequently contribute to the progression of MASLD and hepatic fibrosis. These findings support precision nutrition strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"131 ","pages":"Pages 121-134"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142392115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intestinal-level anti-inflammatory bioactivities of whole wheat: Rationale, design, and methods of a randomized, controlled, crossover dietary trial in adults with prediabetes","authors":"Sisi Cao ,&nbsp;Jillian T. Pierson ,&nbsp;Ariana H. Bond ,&nbsp;Shiqi Zhang ,&nbsp;Andrew Gold ,&nbsp;Huan Zhang ,&nbsp;Kaitlyn M. Zamary ,&nbsp;Palmer Moats ,&nbsp;Matthew D. Teegarden ,&nbsp;Devin G. Peterson ,&nbsp;Xiaokui Mo ,&nbsp;Jiangjiang Zhu ,&nbsp;Richard S. Bruno","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.09.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.09.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Randomized controlled trials (RCT) demonstrate that whole wheat consumption improves glycemia. However, substantial inter-individual variation is often observed, highlighting that dietary whole grain recommendations may not support the health of all persons. The objective of this report is to describe the rationale and design of a planned RCT aimed at establishing the gut microbiota and metabolome signatures that predict whole wheat-mediated improvements in glucose tolerance in adults with prediabetes. It is hypothesized that a controlled diet containing wheat bread (WHEAT; 160 g/day) compared with refined bread (WHITE) will improve glucose tolerance in a gut microbiota-mediated manner. Biospecimens will be collected before and after each 2-week study arm. Testing for oral glucose tolerance and gastrointestinal permeability will be performed post-intervention. Assessments will include oral glucose tolerance (primary outcome) and secondary outcomes including gut microbiota, targeted and untargeted metabolomics of fecal and plasma samples, intestinal and host inflammatory responses, and intestinal permeability. WHEAT is predicted to alleviate glucose intolerance by shifting microbiota composition to increase short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria while reducing populations implicated in intestinal inflammation, barrier dysfunction, and systemic endotoxemia. Further, benefits from WHEAT are anticipated to correlate with gut-level and systemic metabolomic responses that can help to explain the expected inter-individual variability in glucose tolerance. Thus, knowledge gained from integrating multi-omic responses associating with glucose tolerance could help to establish a precision nutrition-based framework that can alleviate cardiometabolic risk. This framework could inform novel dietary whole grain recommendations by enhancing our understanding of inter-individual responsiveness to whole grain consumption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"131 ","pages":"Pages 83-95"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142392116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Higher docosahexaenoic acid proportions in blood are inversely associated with the prevalence of prediabetes: Evidence from the UK Biobank","authors":"Jan Philipp Schuchardt ,&nbsp;Andreas Hahn ,&nbsp;Theresa Greupner ,&nbsp;Nathan L. Tintle ,&nbsp;Jason Westra ,&nbsp;William S. Harris","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.09.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.09.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus are growing global health concerns, predisposing individuals to various vascular complications. Lifestyle modifications, including dietary interventions, offer promising avenues for prevention and management. Using a multivariable-adjusted model, we analyzed the cross-sectional associations between plasma proportions (% of total fatty acids) of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (<em>n</em>3 PUFA, including total <em>n</em>3 PUFA, docosahexaenoic acid [DHA], non-DHA <em>n</em>3 PUFA), and glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) as well as the prevalence of prediabetes in a sample from the UK Biobank cohort. Our hypothesis was that proportions of <em>n</em>3 PUFA, especially DHA, would by inversely associated with the prediabetes prevalence. The sample (<em>n</em> = 92,762; 54.5% females) had an average age of 56 years and was overweight (mean body mass index = 27). The mean plasma DHA proportion in the sample was 2.03% (standard deviation [SD] = 0.67%), non-DHA <em>n</em>3 PUFA was 2.41% (SD = 1.02%) and total <em>n</em>3 PUFA was 4.43% (SD = 1.56%). Prediabetic individuals were identified by blood HbA1c proportions between 5.7% and 6.4% (39-46 mmol/mol) according to American Diabetes Association criteria. Each of the three <em>n</em>3 PUFA biomarkers was inversely associated with HbA1c proportions. In particular, DHA showed the strongest inverse association, with an OR of 0.62 (95% confidence intervals: 0.58, 0.67; <em>P</em> &lt; .001) when comparing quintiles 5 to 1 in a fully adjusted model. These findings suggest a potential protective role of <em>n</em>3 PUFA, particularly DHA, in mitigating the risk of having prediabetes. Further prospective investigations are needed to clarify whether long-chain <em>n</em>3 PUFA could function as modifiable factors for prediabetes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"131 ","pages":"Pages 62-70"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142378130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A matter of the metric? Sugar content overestimation is less pronounced in sugar cubes versus grams","authors":"Laura M. König ,&nbsp;Harald T. Schupp ,&nbsp;Britta Renner","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.09.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.09.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To make healthy food choices, consumers need to be aware of the sugar content of foods. Units act as an environmental cue that might influence sugar content estimation accuracy. The present study (1) tested whether estimations of sugar content are more accurate in sugar cubes vs grams, (2) compared accuracy of sugar content to estimations of the foods’ weight and energy content, and (3) investigated gender, education, and body mass index as potential correlates. A sample of 886 adults was randomly assigned to estimating the sugar content of 10 common foods in grams or cubes. Estimations of sugar content diverged considerably from actual values in both groups (0.22 ≤ Cohen's <em>d</em>s_gram_s ≤ 1.20; 0.20 ≤ Cohen's <em>d</em>s_cubes ≤ 1.10), but were more pronounced for sugar content estimations in grams in 7 out of 10 foods (<em>t</em>s ≥ 4.04, <em>P</em>s &lt; .001, Cohen's <em>d</em>s ≥ 0.14). Sugar content misestimation was somewhat more pronounced than misestimation of weight (0.05 ≤ Cohen's <em>d</em>s ≤ 1.43) and energy content (0.04 ≤ Cohen's <em>d</em>s ≤ 1.19). Relationships between sugar content misestimation and gender (0.00 ≤ Cohen's <em>d</em>s ≤ 0.33), education (–0.07 ≤ <em>r</em> ≤ 0.11), and body mass index (–0.08 ≤ <em>r</em> ≤ 0.06) were mostly negligible. Although sugar content estimations were somewhat more accurate in sugar cubes vs grams, estimation accuracy is generally low. In addition to promoting consumers’ knowledge through labeling and education, additional avenues for interventions might need to be explored for sizeable effects on food choices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"131 ","pages":"Pages 111-120"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142392114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The high-fat diet and low-dose streptozotocin type-2 diabetes model induces hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance in male but not female C57BL/6J mice","authors":"Kathryn C. Racine ,&nbsp;Lisard Iglesias-Carres ,&nbsp;Jacob A. Herring ,&nbsp;Kristopher L. Wieland ,&nbsp;Peter N. Ellsworth ,&nbsp;Jeffery S. Tessem ,&nbsp;Mario G. Ferruzzi ,&nbsp;Colin D. Kay ,&nbsp;Andrew P. Neilson","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.09.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.09.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Translation of preclinical findings on the efficacy of dietary interventions for metabolic disease to human clinical studies is challenging due to the predominant use of male rodents in animal research. Our objective was to evaluate a combined high-fat (HF) diet and low-dose streptozotocin (STZ) model for induction of type-2 diabetes (T2D) in male and female C57BL/6J mice. We hypothesized that T2D biomarkers would differ significantly between sexes. Mice were administered either a low-fat (LF) diet (10% kcal from fat), or HF diet (60% kcal from fat) + STZ injections (30 mg/kg/d for 3 days). Both sexes gained weight and developed impaired postprandial oral glucose tolerance on the HF+STZ treatment compared to LF. Only male mice on HF + STZ developed fasting hyperglycemia, fasting hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance, suggesting that the underlying causes of postprandial hyperglycemia differed between sexes. Principal component analysis of measures such as body weights, glucose and insulin concentrations indicated metabolic derangement for males only on HF+STZ treatment, while LF group males and both groups of females significantly overlapped. Based on our data, we accept our hypothesis that the combined high-fat diet and low-dose STZ model for T2D phenotypes differs significantly in its effect on mice based on sex. The HF diet + low-dose STZ model is not useful for studying insulin resistance in females. Other models are needed to model T2D, and study the effects of dietary interventions in this disease, in females. Sexual dimorphism remains a significant challenge for both preclinical and clinical research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"131 ","pages":"Pages 135-146"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142400852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}