Nutrition Research最新文献

{"title":"Urinary Iodine/Creatinine as an Indicator of Iodine Status in Lactating Women: Optimal Collection Time Between 0-8 Hours","authors":"Qi Meng ,&nbsp;Duan Li ,&nbsp;Ting Wang ,&nbsp;Qi Jin ,&nbsp;Fei Li ,&nbsp;Meina Ji ,&nbsp;Hexi Zhang ,&nbsp;Wenxing Guo ,&nbsp;Wanqi Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.08.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.08.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The urinary iodine/creatinine ratio (UI/Cr) has been recognized as a stable indicator for assessing iodine nutrition status. However, data regarding UI/Cr in lactating women are relatively limited. This study aimed to explore the variation regularity of spot UI/Cr and to provide the optimal time for urine collection. Twenty-two healthy lactating women were recruited for a 7-day iodine metabolism experiment. Daily iodine intake was accurately measured and calculated; all urine samples from each participant were collected separately over the 7-day period, and urinary iodine and urinary creatinine were tested. Spot UI/Cr showed minimal variation between 00:00 and 08:00, with significant changes after 08:00. The 24-hour period was divided into six segments, with the smallest coefficient of variation observed in the 00:00 to 03:59 period. The mixed-effects model analysis revealed that spot UI/Cr during the 0:00 to 3:59 period exhibited the strongest correlation with 24-hour UI/Cr (<em>β</em> = 0.82, <em>P</em> &lt; .001), as well as with 24-hour urinary iodine excretion (<em>β</em> = 0.49, <em>P</em> &lt; .001). Additionally, spot UI/Cr during the 4:00 to 7:59 period demonstrated the strongest correlation with total iodine intake (<em>β</em> = 0.54, <em>P</em> &lt; .001), while spot UI/Cr during the 20:00 to 23:59 period showed the strongest correlation with the total iodine intake of the previous day (<em>β</em> = 0.41, <em>P</em> &lt; .001). As UI/Cr is influenced by dietary iodine and its variation increases after eating, it is recommended that urine collection time for assessing the iodine nutritional status of lactating women using spot UI/Cr be set between 0:00 and 08:00.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"142 ","pages":"Pages 16-22"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145047600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A higher intake of white-edible-colored fruits and vegetables is associated with lower gastrointestinal cancer risk among Korean adults in a prospective cohort study","authors":"Yujin Cho ,&nbsp;Jeonghee Lee ,&nbsp;Madhawa Gunathilake ,&nbsp;Youngyo Kim ,&nbsp;Shinyoung Jun ,&nbsp;Jeongseon Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.08.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.08.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although fruits and vegetables were studied botanically in previous studies, few have examined their associations with gastrointestinal (GI) cancer risk based on color classification. Color is familiar to the public and translates phytochemical science into dietary guidance. We hypothesized that the intake of fruits and vegetables would be differently associated with GI cancer risk by color. This cohort study investigated the association between fruit and vegetable colors and GI cancer risk in 11,286 participants from the Cancer Screenee Cohort, who underwent health check-ups at the National Cancer Center between 2007 and 2021. Dietary data were collected through food frequency questionnaires. A Cox proportional hazards regression model evaluated the association between fruit and vegetable color groups (green, orange/yellow, red/purple, and white) and GI cancer risk. Over a mean follow-up of 8 years, 214 GI cancers (esophageal, gastric, small intestine, liver, pancreatic, and colorectal) were identified. Higher total fruit and vegetable intake was associated with reduced GI cancer risk (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.57, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.38-0.88, <em>P</em> for trend = .013). Among color groups, white-colored fruits and vegetables (HR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.41-0.99, <em>P</em> for trend = .021), and white-colored fruits (HR = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.38-0.92, <em>P</em> for trend = .021) were associated with a lower risk of GI cancer after fully adjusting for demographic variables, dietary factors, and comorbidities. Findings were consistent across subgroup analyses. No significant associations were found for green, orange/yellow, or red/purple groups. These results suggest that white-colored fruits and vegetables may contribute to GI cancer prevention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"142 ","pages":"Pages 1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145027879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D Is associated with severe metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in individuals with overweight/obesity: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Yan Li ,&nbsp;Minglan Yang ,&nbsp;Jiang Yue ,&nbsp;Jie Chen ,&nbsp;Zixuan Wang ,&nbsp;Yicheng Qi ,&nbsp;Qianjing Liu ,&nbsp;Qing Lu ,&nbsp;Jing Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.08.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.08.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The role of vitamin D status in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) remains controversial. Furthermore, research evaluating the relationship between vitamin D status and abdominal fat distribution is limited. Therefore, we hypothesized that serum vitamin D is inversely associated with the severity of liver fat content (LFC) in populations with overweight/obesity. A total of 201 subjects with body mass index ≥23 kg/m² were classified by 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25 (OH) D) concentration as either vitamin D deficiency (&lt;20 ng/mL) or vitamin D normal (≥20 ng/mL). Magnetic resonance imaging-proton density fat fraction was used to measure fat accumulation in the liver, pancreas, and abdomen subcutaneous and visceral. The LFC and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) were significantly higher in the vitamin D deficient group compared to the normal vitamin D group (<em>P &lt; .</em>05). However, there were no significant differences in visceral adipose tissue or pancreatic fat content between the 2 groups. Additionally, as the severity of LFC and SAT increases in individuals with overweight/obesity, serum 25 (OH) D concentration significantly decreases (<em>P &lt; .</em>05). Further multivariate-adjusted logistic regression analysis revealed that individuals in the highest tertile of 25 (OH) D exposure exhibited lower risks of severe hepatic steatosis compared to those in the lowest tertile (T3 vs. T1, OR 0.26, 95% CI 0.10-0.67, <em>P = .</em>01). Our results identify a significant inverse association between serum 25 (OH) D concentration and severe MASLD in individuals with overweight/obesity. Further research is needed to explore the metabolic mechanisms underlying this association and their implications for liver protection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"141 ","pages":"Pages 60-69"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144912630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary vitamin E intake is associated with lower mortality among individuals with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease","authors":"Yajie Peng ,&nbsp;Wanhong Wu ,&nbsp;Lin Chen ,&nbsp;Chao Xu ,&nbsp;Xuelian Xiong","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has become a prominent global health issue within the realm of chronic liver diseases. Dietary interventions are of utmost importance in its management. This research, grounded in data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning 1999-2018 and the National Death Index (NDI), was designed to clarify the association between dietary vitamin E intake and mortality among MASLD patients. Our hypothesis proposed that higher dietary vitamin E intake might be inversely associated with a lower risk of mortality in this population. A total of 7883 MASLD patients were enrolled. Their dietary vitamin E intake was accurately measured via the USDA's standardized method, and numerous confounding factors were comprehensively taken into account. The findings indicated that a higher dietary vitamin E intake was significantly linked to a decreased risk of both all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in MASLD patients. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression models vividly depicted this inverse correlation. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses further verified the reliability of the results, showing that nonsedentary patients were more sensitive to the protective effects of vitamin E. Notably, the improvement of mortality was particularly significant in patients with increased total bilirubin and fibrotic liver. This study offers valuable perspectives on the potential role of dietary vitamin E in MASLD management. It suggests that increasing dietary vitamin E intake could be a promising preventive approach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"141 ","pages":"Pages 96-108"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144917946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Higher serum vitamin D concentration and supplementation were associated with improved survival outcomes and treatment response in cancer patients receiving immunotherapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Qian Yang ,&nbsp;Chi Shu ,&nbsp;Hong Li ,&nbsp;Xuan Xie ,&nbsp;Hong Wu ,&nbsp;Yanhong Zhou ,&nbsp;Huanrui Hu ,&nbsp;Jichun Zhao ,&nbsp;Chuan Xu ,&nbsp;Yazhou He","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biological evidence has demonstrated the anti-tumor effects of vitamin D, but whether it could predict the effect of cancer immunotherapy remains inconclusive. We hypothesized that higher serum vitamin D concentration and supplementation might be correlated with better prognosis and treatment response among cancer patients receiving immunotherapy. We systematically searched the Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Web of Science databases to identify relevant articles from inception to June 19, 2025. We calculated the pooled hazard ratios (HRs) or odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using a random-effect model primarily to determine the relationship between vitamin D and prognosis in cancer patients receiving immunotherapy. Thirteen studies involving 2592 cancer patients were included. Higher vitamin D concentration was associated with improved overall survival (OS) (HR = 0.47, 95% CI 0.39-0.58, <em>P &lt; .</em>001), as well as progression-free survival (PFS), event-free survival (EFS), and objective response rate (ORR). For cancer subtypes, elevated vitamin D concentration was associated with improved OS in lymphoma patients receiving any immunotherapy. All included patients with solid tumors received immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), and showed positive effects of higher vitamin D. Furthermore, a significant correlation was also observed between vitamin D supplementation and prolonged OS (HR = 0.67, 95% CI 0.47-0.94, <em>P = .</em>022). Higher vitamin D concentration and supplementation demonstrated improved treatment outcomes to immunotherapy in cancer patients. However, due to limited categories of cancers available, more high-quality studies with multiple cancers and treatment regimens enrolled are warranted before vitamin D supplementation could be administered to further improve the prognosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"141 ","pages":"Pages 82-95"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144917945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blood urea nitrogen-guided protein dosage adjustment helps reduce azotemia and functional prognosis deterioration induced by high protein intake in neurocritical patients: A retrospective cohort study","authors":"Ziyu Chen ,&nbsp;Junlin Deng ,&nbsp;Xiaolin Zhao,&nbsp;Zhenzhou Lin,&nbsp;Dongmei Wang,&nbsp;Yongming Wu,&nbsp;Kaibin Huang,&nbsp;Suyue Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.07.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.07.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The optimal protein dosage for neurocritical patients remains uncertain. We hypothesized that higher protein dosage increases azotemia risk and worsens prognosis, and that baseline BUN can guide protein dosage adjustments. In this single-center, retrospective cohort study, we included 327 neurocritical patients aged 18 or older admitted between July 2018 and June 2023 (BMI: 18.5-30 kg/m²). Daily protein intake from all sources was calculated. The primary outcome was azotemia incidence, and secondary outcomes included 30-day functional prognosis (mRS &gt;3). Patients were categorized by protein intake: &lt;0.8 g/kg/d, 0.8–1.3 g/kg/d, and &gt;1.3 g/kg/d. Azotemia incidence was lower in the &lt;0.8 g/kg/d group compared to the &gt;1.3 g/kg/d group (21.9 vs. 45.7%, adjusted <em>p</em> = 0.002), with a significant correlation after adjusting for confounders. Among patients with an APACHE II score &lt;15, the &lt;0.8 g/kg/d group had lower azotemia rates and better prognosis. For those with a score ≥15, the &gt;1.3 g/kg/d group had higher azotemia rates and worse prognosis. A U-shaped relationship between BUN and 30-day prognosis was observed in the &lt;0.8 g/kg/d group. For BUN &lt;4.3 mmol/L, protein intake of 0.8–1.3 g/kg/d improved outcomes, whereas for BUN &gt;4.3 mmol/L, intake &lt;0.8 g/kg/d was beneficial. The research demonstrates that excessive protein intake is associated with increased azotemia risk and worse outcomes. Baseline BUN may help inform protein dosage selection in neurocritical care, though its generalizability requires validation in multicenter prospective studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"141 ","pages":"Pages 46-59"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144889092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Skipping breakfast and its wide-ranging health consequences: A systematic review from multiple metabolic disruptions to socioeconomic factors","authors":"Tatiana Palotta Minari,&nbsp;Luciana Pellegrini Pisani","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.07.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.07.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Skipping breakfast has been widely debated due to its potential health consequences across multiple domains. This systematic review evaluates literature from 2010 to 2025, analyzing 66 studies to assess its associations with obesity, diabetes, gut microbiome alterations, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, sports performance, psychiatric disorders, cognitive health, and socioeconomic factors. The hypothesis suggests that breakfast omission is linked to various adverse health effects. Evidence highlights associations with obesity and weight gain due to altered hormonal responses influencing hunger and energy balance. Additionally, skipping breakfast negatively affects gut microbiota, contributing to systemic inflammation and metabolic dysfunction. Research suggests potential links to increased cancer risk through inflammatory pathways, while cognitive decline, mood disorders, and impaired athletic performance are also observed. Psychiatric disorders, including anxiety and depression, may be exacerbated by irregular meal patterns, influencing neurotransmitter regulation. Emerging studies indicate that breakfast consumption plays a role in bone mineral density, as prolonged fasting periods may affect calcium metabolism and skeletal health. Socioeconomic disparities impact breakfast consumption, affecting diet quality and overall health outcomes. While some individuals experience neutral or even beneficial effects, meal timing and caloric distribution play critical roles in metabolic and cardiovascular health. However, causality remains complex due to confounding factors like diet quality, physical activity, and socioeconomic status. Current studies face limitations, including small sample sizes and short intervention periods, requiring further research to refine conclusions and explore long-term mechanisms behind breakfast omission’s health impacts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"141 ","pages":"Pages 34-45"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144886864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harnessing dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids through gut microbiota to enhance ferroptosis in breast cancer therapy","authors":"Yara Adel Haroun ,&nbsp;Abdulrahman Abdulla Alzyoud ,&nbsp;Mohammad Taha Alizadeh ,&nbsp;Nashwa Ahmed Mohamed ,&nbsp;Riyad Bendardaf ,&nbsp;Sameh S.M. Soliman","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.07.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.07.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Breast cancer remains a leading global health challenge, with treatment resistance posing significant obstacles to effective therapy. Emerging research highlights the pivotal role of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and gut microbiota in modulating breast cancer progression and therapeutic outcomes. This review explores the interplay and potential relevance of the PUFA–microbiota–ferroptosis axis in breast cancer progression and therapy. Omega-3 PUFAs, abundant in diets like the Mediterranean, exhibit anti-inflammatory properties, promote beneficial gut microbiota, and enhance ferroptosis, thereby reducing tumor proliferation and resistance. Conversely, omega-6 PUFAs, prevalent in Western diets, can exacerbate inflammation and tumor aggressiveness when imbalanced. Gut microbiota, through the production of short-chain fatty acids and PUFA-derived metabolites, further regulate ferroptosis sensitivity and systemic inflammation. We are evaluating the mechanisms by which omega-3 PUFAs and probiotics restore gut dysbiosis, modulate the tumor microenvironment, and synergize with treatments like chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Taken together and considering the generally favorable safety profile of omega-3 PUFAs, these findings suggest that the PUFA–microbiota–ferroptosis axis may represent a promising avenue for further investigation as a complementary strategy to address treatment resistance and improve outcomes. This warrants further translational research to optimize its clinical utility in personalized breast cancer management. Regulatory frameworks are also crucial to ensuring the safe and ethical implementation of PUFA-based interventions in global breast cancer care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"141 ","pages":"Pages 10-33"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144864946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bridging nutritional mechanisms and global challenges: The 2024 David Kritchevsky award winners.","authors":"Richard S Bruno","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.07.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nutres.2025.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144799745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic syndrome is associated with increased vitamin C requirements in the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey","authors":"Anitra C. Carr ,&nbsp;Chris Frampton ,&nbsp;Helen Lunt","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metabolic syndrome (MetS) comprises a constellation of dysregulated cardiometabolic parameters. This study assessed associations between MetS and vitamin C in the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to determine vitamin C requirements in people with a range of MetS severity, the hypothesis being that people with higher MetS severity would have higher requirements for the vitamin. Data for non-supplementing, fasting adults (<em>n</em> = 4,832) was extracted from NHANES 2003-6 and 2017-18 and included demographic and lifestyle variables, cardiometabolic laboratory variables, vitamin C dietary intakes and serum concentrations. MetS severity score was calculated using sex, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides and fasting glucose concentrations. The mean (range) MetS severity score for the group was 0.19 (-4.0 to 6.8). There was a negative association between MetS severity score and serum vitamin C (<em>r</em>=-0.203, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). Participants who met the vitamin C adequacy threshold of ≥50 µmol/L had a mean MetS severity score of 0.00 vs 0.38 in those who did not meet the threshold (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). When the group was stratified by MetS severity score tertiles, the participants with the highest scores required an intake &gt;100 mg/d, equating to an additional 65 mg/d (or 2.7-fold higher intake requirement) to meet the adequacy threshold relative to those with the lowest scores. Comparable relationships were observed between the individual MetS severity score components and vitamin C status and requirements. Overall, the results indicate that increased metabolic dysregulation results in decreased vitamin C status and a higher intake requirement for the vitamin to meet adequate circulating concentrations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"141 ","pages":"Pages 1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144829350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}