Nutrition Research最新文献

{"title":"Queen garnet plum juice supplementation does not provide additional cognitive benefits over a group-based memory program in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: A randomized clinical trial","authors":"Naomi May ,&nbsp;Zoe Fitzgerald ,&nbsp;Samantha Broyd ,&nbsp;Vinicius do Rosario ,&nbsp;Steven Roodenrys ,&nbsp;Vida Bliokas ,&nbsp;Susan Thomas ,&nbsp;Jan Potter ,&nbsp;Jenson George ,&nbsp;Katrina Weston-Green ,&nbsp;Karen E. Charlton","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.04.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.04.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Research suggests a role for inflammation and oxidative stress in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and its progression. Evidence suggests anthocyanin-rich foods may reduce inflammation and oxidative stress and improve cognition but benefits in MCI are unclear. Therefore, it was hypothesized that daily consumption of anthocyanin-rich Queen Garnet Plum (QGP) juice would improve cognition, mood and blood pressure in people with MCI. Participants diagnosed with MCI (<em>N</em> = 42) participated in a double-blind, randomized controlled trial. Participants were administered either QGP juice or apricot juice (comparator) daily for 8-weeks and participated in a 6-week group-based memory program. Cognitive function was assessed using a battery of cognitive tests, including the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT), Complex Figure Test (CFT), Royal Prince Alfred-Prospective Memory Test (RPA-ProMem), and Comprehensive Assessment of Prospective Memory self-report (CAPM-self). Mood and blood pressure were also measured pre- and post-intervention. There was a significant effect of TIME for total RAVLT (<em>P = .</em>028, <em>η²</em> = .12), CFT-recall (<em>P = .</em>036, <em>η²</em> = .11), RPA-ProMem (<em>P &lt; .</em>001, <em>η²</em> = .28), and CAPM-self (<em>P = .</em>007, <em>η²</em> = .22) scores. There was a non-significant trend towards an interaction for CFT-recall (<em>p</em> = .063, <em>η</em>^<em>2</em> = .09), where Bonferroni adjusted pairwise comparisons showed that the QGP group, but not comparators, had significantly improved CFT-recall scores (QGP: +13.93%, <em>P = .</em>007; comparators: +0.84%, <em>P = .</em>855). Overall, QGP consumption during a group-based memory rehabilitation program did not result in additional cognitive benefits in older adults with MCI. This trial was registered at the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry as ACTRN12618001184268.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"138 ","pages":"Pages 107-121"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143924058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A pro-inflammatory diet is associated with higher body adiposity in kidney transplant recipients","authors":"Mariana Silva da Costa ,&nbsp;Mariana Ribeiro Costa Portugal ,&nbsp;Jenneffer Rayane Braga Tibaes ,&nbsp;Larissa Santos Maciel de Azevedo Bianchi ,&nbsp;Karine Scanci da Silva Pontes ,&nbsp;Ana Paula Medeiros Menna Barreto ,&nbsp;Lucas Boechat Caparelli ,&nbsp;Maria Inês Barreto Silva ,&nbsp;Márcia Regina Simas Torres Klein","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.04.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.04.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The dietary inflammatory index (DII) has been associated with obesity and cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) in the general population. We hypothesized that in kidney transplant recipients (KTR), a positive relationship between DII, body adiposity and CVRF would also be observed. To test this hypothesis, we conducted a cross-sectional study with adult KTR. Body mass index (BMI), body adiposity index (BAI) and waist circumference (WC) were assessed. Total fat mass (FM), trunk FM, and load-capacity index (LCI) were evaluated using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Energy-adjusted DII (E-DII) was estimated based on three 24-h recalls and stratified as anti-inflammatory (E-DII&lt;0) and pro-inflammatory (E-DII&gt;0). CVRF included hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and metabolic syndrome. A total of 170 KTR, 59% male, with 49.5 (42-57) years and E-DII from -2.89 to 4.78 were evaluated. KTR with E-DII&gt;0, compared to those with E-DII&lt;0, exhibited significantly higher values of BAI, total FM (kg), and LCI. In multiple adjusted linear regression, E-DII was significantly associated with WC, total FM (kg), and trunk FM (kg). Logistic regression analysis indicated that E-DII&gt;0 was significantly associated with obesity, as assessed by BAI. E-DII was not associated with CVRF. The present study suggests that a pro-inflammatory diet is associated with higher total and central body adiposity in KTR. Interventions targeting an anti-inflammatory diet may contribute to reducing excessive body adiposity in this population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"138 ","pages":"Pages 122-134"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional status reshapes gut microbiota composition in adolescent Afghan refugees in Peshawar, Pakistan","authors":"Muhammad Shahzad ,&nbsp;Muhammad Arshad ,&nbsp;Habab Ali Ahmad ,&nbsp;Ishawu Iddrissu ,&nbsp;Elizabeth H. Bailey ,&nbsp;Nizar Dru ,&nbsp;Shabir Khan ,&nbsp;Haris Khan ,&nbsp;Simon C. Andrews","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.04.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although the human gut microbiome, and its role in health and disease, have been extensively studied in different populations, a comprehensive assessment of gut microbiome composition has not been performed in vulnerable refugee populations. In this study, we hypothesized that overall nutritional status, as indicated by serum micronutrients concentrations, is an important driver of variations in gut microbiome composition. Therefore, gut-microbiome diversity and associated demographic, health and nutritional factors were assessed in adolescent Afghan refugees (n=206). Blood and faecal samples were collected and analysed for nutrition status markers and 16S rRNA gene amplicon-based community profiling, respectively. Bioinformatics and statistical analysis were performed using SPSS, QIIME and R. Overall, 56 distinct phyla, 117 families and 252 genera were identified in the faecal samples. Bacterial diversity (alpha and beta diversity) and the <em>Firmicutes:Bacteroidetes</em> (F/B) ratio were significantly higher in the 15 to 19 year old age group (cf. the 10-14 age group) but were lower in the underweight and vitamin D deficient groups. Furthermore, LEfSe analysis identified significant differences in the relative abundance of bacterial genera based on age, BMI and micronutrient (vitamins and minerals) status. These results were further scrutinised by correlation analysis which confirmed that age, BMI and micronutrient status show significant correlations with F/B ratio and the relative abundance of specific bacterial taxa. Collectively, our study provides the first indication of how the gut-microbiota profile of adolescent Afghan refugees is associated with a range of nutrition-status factors. These findings can thus provide a basis for translational microbiota research aimed at improving the health of such understudied and vulnerable populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"138 ","pages":"Pages 55-67"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143886729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbiota-induced inflammation mediates the impacts of a Western diet on hippocampal-dependent memory","authors":"Eden Crain ,&nbsp;Dulce M. Minaya ,&nbsp;Claire B. de La Serre","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.04.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Obesity is associated with impaired hippocampal-dependent memory, but the mechanisms driving this pathology are not fully understood. Western diets (WD) contribute to obesity, and previous reviews have described a role for WD in impaired hippocampal-dependent memory. However, there is need for a more detailed description of the pathways by which WD may impair memory. The short vs long-term effect of specific dietary components on brain structure and functions as well as the precise mechanism and molecular pathways involved are still not fully understood. This review focuses on the mechanisms and effects of gut microbiota-driven neuroinflammation. WD leads to changes and imbalance in bacterial taxa abundances that are deleterious to the host health (gut dysbiosis) and studies in rodent models show these changes are sufficient to impair hippocampal-dependent memory. Here, we discuss a variety of proposed mechanisms linking microbiota composition to hippocampal function, with a focus on neuroinflammation. Gut microbiota impacts gastrointestinal barrier function, leading to increased circulating proinflammatory bacterial products, increased blood-brain barrier permeability, and neuroinflammation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"138 ","pages":"Pages 89-106"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143916599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time-restricted eating increases hunger in adults with overweight and obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies","authors":"Amarilis D. Silva ,&nbsp;Kisian C. Guimarães ,&nbsp;Ricardo A. Oliveira ,&nbsp;Daniel A. Rosa ,&nbsp;Cibele A. Crispim","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.04.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Time-Restricted Eating (TRE) is an intermittent fasting approach that holds promise in managing obesity and appears to influence hunger. We hypothesized that the effects of TRE would be due to a lower caloric intake imposed, as with any other type of dietary intervention. However, it remains unclear whether these effects are attributed to the chrononutrition protocol itself or the caloric restriction resulting from the intervention. Our primary aim was to examine the impact of TRE on hunger compared to isocaloric strategies in adults with overweight or obesity. We conducted a systematic review of randomized clinical trials, with inclusion criteria comprising adults aged 18 years and older with overweight/obesity. A literature search was conducted from the earliest available article up to January 2025, with no restrictions on time, region, or language. The search encompassed major electronic databases, including CENTRAL, MEDLINE, LILACS, EMBASE, Google Scholar, and OpenGrey. Of the 14 studies included, four met the eligibility criteria for the primary meta-analysis, which evaluated hunger in 323 participants. The findings revealed that TRE resulted in an increase in hunger (MD 2.05, 95% CI 1.46, 2.64; I² = 0%) compared to the isocaloric control group. In conclusion, the TRE protocol was associated with elevated hunger compared to isocaloric strategies, which may warrant further investigation into its long-term feasibility in weight loss programs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"138 ","pages":"Pages 76-88"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143899886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Malnutrition outweighs sarcopenia and adiposity as a predictor of survival in colorectal cancer patients","authors":"Mylena Pinto dos Santos ,&nbsp;Mariana Vieira Barbosa ,&nbsp;Nilian Carla Souza ,&nbsp;Renata Brum Martucci","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Colorectal cancer (CRC) patients often face nutritional disturbances, including malnutrition, changes in skeletal muscle index (SMI), and adipose tissue. We hypothesized that malnutrition, sarcopenia and nutritional disorders, as low muscle strength, low SMI, and reduced adipose tissue can negatively impact survival. This study aimed to assess the impact of malnutrition, SMI, muscle strength, sarcopenia, and adipose tissue on CRC patient survival. We analyzed 2 cohorts of CRC patients in this longitudinal study. Nutritional status was assessed by Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) and those classified as B and C were considered with malnutrition. Computed tomography (CT) scans of the third lumbar vertebra (L3) measured SMI and various adipose tissue fractions (visceral, subcutaneous, intramuscular, and total). Sarcopenia was defined according to the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2). The primary outcome was 5-year overall survival. Of 266 patients (mean age 60.7 years, 53.0% male), 11.3% had sarcopenia, 27.0% were malnourished, and 40.0% died. After adjusting for clinical variables, Cox regression analysis showed that only Malnutrition (HR: 1.96; CI: 1.35-2.84; <em>P</em> ≤ .001) significantly impacted survival. In CRC patients, Malnutrition outweighs sarcopenia and adiposity as a predictor of survival in colorectal cancer patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"138 ","pages":"Pages 45-54"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143883215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic variants in vitamin D metabolism-related genes are associated with vitamin D status and adiposity markers","authors":"Adriana Becerra‑Cervera ,&nbsp;Rogelio F. Jiménez-Ortega ,&nbsp;Diana I. Aparicio-Bautista ,&nbsp;Tania V. López-Pérez ,&nbsp;Nelly Patiño ,&nbsp;Manuel Castillejos-López ,&nbsp;Alberto Hidalgo‑Bravo ,&nbsp;Edgar Denova‑Gutiérrez ,&nbsp;Jorge Salmerón ,&nbsp;Berenice Rivera‑Paredez ,&nbsp;Rafael Velázquez‑Cruz","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.02.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.02.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Single nucleotide variants (SNVs) in vitamin D (VD) metabolism genes have been shown to be associated with serum 25(OH)D concentrations. Although these associations have been reported in other populations, they are less studied in Mexico, a country with high vitamin D deficiency (VDD) despite ample sun exposure. Therefore, we investigate the association between VD-metabolism related SNVs, serum 25(OH)D concentrations, and their impact on VDD and adiposity indicators. We hypothesized that SNVs are associated with serum 25(OH)D concentrations in the Mexican population. We included 1977 individuals (597 males and 1380 females) from the Health Worker Cohort Study. Nine genetic variants: rs10741657 (<em>CYP2R1</em>), rs6013897 (<em>CYP24A1</em>), rs10877012 (<em>CYP27B1</em>), rs10783219 and rs4516035 (<em>VDR</em>), rs4588 and rs7041 (<em>GC</em>), rs4944957 and rs3794060 (<em>NADSYN1</em>), in VD metabolism-related genes were genotyped. Linear and logistic regression models were used to assess the association of interest. In our study, 7 genetic variants were associated with serum 25(OH)D concentrations and VDD. A genetic risk score was created using variants rs6013897 (<em>CYP24A1</em>), rs4516035 (<em>VDR</em>), and rs4588 (<em>GC</em>), which were associated with lower serum 25(OH)D concentrations, higher VDD prevalence, and increased odds of VDD. A second GRS using all 9 variants showed weaker associations. Gene-gene interactions between rs3794060-rs4944957 (<em>NADSYN1</em>), and rs10877012(<em>CYP27B1</em>)-rs7041(<em>GC</em>), were associated with serum 25(OH)D concentrations and VDD, respectively. Additionally, SNV interactions with body mass index, waist circumference, and body fat distribution were identified. These findings suggest that SNVs influence serum 25(OH)D concentrations and adiposity indicators, with potential clinical implications for obesity management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"136 ","pages":"Pages 105-119"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143767718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High salt diet causally increases metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease risk: A bidirectional mendelian randomization study","authors":"Qi Liu ,&nbsp;Yuyang Liu ,&nbsp;Hui Feng ,&nbsp;Ning Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhanyu Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.03.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a prevalent liver disorder associated with metabolic and lifestyle factors, affecting approximately 25% of the global population. Although high salt intake has been implicated as a potential dietary risk factor, its causal relationship with MASLD remains uncertain. We hypothesized that genetic liability to higher salt intake causally increases the risk of MASLD. To address this, bidirectional Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis was performed to evaluate the causal relationship between “salt added to food” and MASLD. Genetic variants were used as instrumental variables across large-scale genome-wide association study datasets from the UK Biobank and multiple MASLD cohorts. The inverse variance weighting method served as the primary analytical approach, with sensitivity analyses, including MR-Egger and MR-PRESSO, to evaluate pleiotropy and heterogeneity. Forward MR analysis demonstrated a significant association between “salt added to food” and increased MASLD risk across three MASLD datasets: odds ratio (OR) = 1.538, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.145-2.067, <em>P</em> = .004; OR = 1.787, 95% CI: 1.247-2.561, <em>P</em> = .002; and OR = 2.094, 95% CI: 1.274-3.442, <em>P</em> = .004. Sensitivity analyses indicated low heterogeneity and no evidence of pleiotropy. Reverse MR analysis did not demonstrate a causal effect of MASLD on “salt added to food”. These findings provide robust genetic evidence that “salt added to food” is a causal risk factor for MASLD, emphasizing the importance of dietary salt reduction in MASLD prevention strategies. This study supports public health recommendations advocating reduced salt intake to promote liver health and prevent MASLD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"136 ","pages":"Pages 94-104"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143767719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial office and Board Members","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0271-5317(25)00055-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0271-5317(25)00055-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"136 ","pages":"Pages i-ii"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143808395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"David Kritchevsky Graduate Student Award for Nutrition Research","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0271-5317(25)00056-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0271-5317(25)00056-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"136 ","pages":"Page iii"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143808396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}