Nutrition Research最新文献

{"title":"Low dietary intake of marine n-3 fatty acids and seafood significantly contributes to metabolic syndrome burden in China","authors":"Xiao Tang ,&nbsp;Pan Zhuang ,&nbsp;Suhua Wu ,&nbsp;Xiaohui Liu ,&nbsp;Xionghai Lu ,&nbsp;You Wu ,&nbsp;Zhen Yan ,&nbsp;Yin Li ,&nbsp;Yu Zhang ,&nbsp;Jingjing Jiao","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.04.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.04.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and seafood intakes have been shown to decrease the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS), whereas data on related MetS burden in China remain absent. We hypothesize that low marine n-3 PUFAs and seafood consumption are a significant contributor to the burden of MetS in China. The time trend of marine n-3 PUFAs consumption and seafood was evaluated based on the China Health and Nutrition Survey. We used the comparative risk assessment method to estimate the population attributable fraction of MetS cases attributable to the low marine n-3 PUFAs and seafood consumption. We also projected the intakes of marine n-3 PUFAs and seafood and the related MetS burden from 2011 to 2031. The overall intakes of marine n-3 PUFAs (40.4 mg/day) and seafood (32.6 g/day) were far below the optimal level in 2011. The low intakes of marine n-3 PUFAs and seafood were estimated to be responsible for 8.1% and 2.2% of the MetS burden, accounting for 17.0 and 4.6 million MetS cases, respectively, according to the International Diabetes Federation definition in 2011. Although marine n-3 PUFAs and seafood intakes are projected to increase for the next 20 years, the intake levels would still be inadequate and are expected to contribute to 11.3 (marine n-3 PUFAs) and 2.2 (seafood) million MetS cases in 2031. Dietary guidelines should continue to highlight increasing marine n-3 PUFAs and seafood consumption to reduce the MetS burden in China.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"140 ","pages":"Pages 1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144297578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Brazilian traditional dietary pattern was associated with a lower risk of advanced steatosis in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease","authors":"Jéssica Silva Salarini ,&nbsp;Lygia Nestal Barroso ,&nbsp;Jade Veloso Freitas ,&nbsp;Nathalie Carvalho Leite ,&nbsp;Tatiana Pereira de Paula ,&nbsp;Patrícia de Carvalho Padilha ,&nbsp;Wilza Arantes Ferreira Peres","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.04.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.04.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Identifying dietary patterns in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is critical, since nutrition is a modifiable risk factor that contributes to the etiology and progression of the disease. This study evaluated the association between dietary patterns and lipid and glycemic profiles, liver biomarkers, and degrees of steatosis and fibrosis in patients with MASLD. In this cross-sectional study, 70 patients who completed the entire dietary assessment were included in the analyses. Dietary intake was assessed through 24-hour dietary recalls, and 4 dietary patterns were identified by exploratory factor analysis and principal component analysis. Mean scores were analyzed by sex, age group, and nutritional status, and associations with main outcomes were tested by binomial logistic regression, with significance set at <em>P &gt; .</em>05. There was greater adherence to the prudent pattern among men (95% CI 2.1-2.84), which consisted of fresh fruits and fruit juices, whole grains and breads, eggs and egg-based preparations, and coffee and tea, and a lower chance of advanced steatosis in individuals with greater adherence to the traditional Brazilian pattern (OR 0.46, 95% CI 0.20-0.97). This pattern, based on minimally processed foods rich in fiber, bioactive compounds, and antioxidants, was shown to be protective against advanced steatosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"139 ","pages":"Pages 66-77"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144138655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"David Kritchevsky Graduate Student Award for Nutrition Research","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0271-5317(25)00065-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0271-5317(25)00065-X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"137 ","pages":"Page iii"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143878371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial office and Board Members","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0271-5317(25)00064-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0271-5317(25)00064-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"137 ","pages":"Pages i-ii"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143878370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beneficial changes in total cholesterol, LDL-C, biomarkers of intestinal inflammation, and vitamin E status in adults with metabolic syndrome consuming almonds as snack foods: a randomized controlled clinical trial","authors":"Laura M. Beaver ,&nbsp;Scott W. Leonard ,&nbsp;Sandra L. Uesugi ,&nbsp;Carmen P. Wong ,&nbsp;Lily-Marie Lytle ,&nbsp;Anusha Vasudevan ,&nbsp;Ethan M. Papenhausen ,&nbsp;Yashasvini Jupudi ,&nbsp;Deborah Bella ,&nbsp;Gerd Bobe ,&nbsp;Maret G. Traber ,&nbsp;Emily Ho","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.04.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.04.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chronic inflammation and gut barrier breakdown contribute to the progression of metabolic syndrome and affect the development of cardiometabolic diseases, especially in persons consuming low-quality diets with limited bioactive compounds. Almonds are a rich source of bioactive compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. We hypothesize almond consumption can help disrupt metabolic syndrome progression by improving gut and cardiometabolic health and decreasing inflammation and oxidative stress. To test this hypothesis, adults with metabolic syndrome were randomized to consume either almonds (2 oz, whole, dry roasted, <em>n</em> = 38) or crackers (control, equal caloric content, <em>n</em> = 39), as a daily snack for 12 weeks, and samples were collected (0, 4, and 12 weeks). Compared with participants consuming crackers, almond consumption resulted in lower plasma total and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol concentrations, a modest improvement in waist circumference (week 4), and improved dietary intakes of α-tocopherol, soluble fiber, copper, biotin, magnesium, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and monounsaturated fatty acids. Almond consumption raised plasma α-tocopherol concentrations (relative to cholesterol concentrations) and increased excretion of a vitamin E biomarker (α-CEHC). Almond consumption improved biomarkers of gut barrier function and intestinal inflammation (fecal calprotectin, myeloperoxidase) in participants with elevated inflammation at baseline. Total body weight, caloric intake, and markers of carbohydrate metabolism (glucose, insulin), systemic inflammation (plasma interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, lipopolysaccharide-binding protein, CD14), and oxidative damage (malondialdehyde) were not altered by almond consumption. In conclusion, daily almond snacking improves nutrient intake and decreases gut inflammation in participants with metabolic syndrome. These beneficial dietary and inflammatory changes may contribute to the improvements in cardiovascular health observed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"139 ","pages":"Pages 50-65"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144108118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of ketone bodies and ketogenesis on the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway: A systematic review","authors":"Azlinah Matawali ,&nbsp;Jia Wen Yeap ,&nbsp;Shaida Fariza Sulaiman ,&nbsp;Mei Lan Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.04.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.04.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ketogenesis and the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway are linked to metabolic imbalance and disease progression. While ketone metabolism and mTOR inhibition are mechanistically connected, their functional relationship across disease models remains unclear. Although ketogenesis can be induced by ketone ingestion, ketogenic diet, or fasting, their individual effects on this pathway require further clarification. This study systematically reviews the relationship between ketogenesis and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling, following PRISMA guidelines across 3 databases. Eligible studies that met the selection criteria were evaluated using the risk of bias tools. In most studies involving the ketogenic diet or ketone bodies, suppression of the signaling pathway may lead to positive outcomes in terms of survival rate, lifespan, improved metabolic homeostasis, enhanced neurovascular function and suppressed progression of tumors. By contrast, β-hydroxybutyrate supplementation is associated with the up-regulation of AKT and downstream markers. It may exert an anabolic activity by activating the mTOR signaling pathway in muscle atrophy models and is associated with muscle recovery. Although fasting increases p-AKT expression, this may not necessarily indicate activation of the downstream mTOR signaling cascade, as it could result from an insulin response or regulatory feedback mechanisms. Regulation of the mTOR signaling by ketogenesis may be tissue-specific. Inhibition of PI3K/AKT/mTOR in ketogenesis-induced circumstances may justify the importance of a ketogenic-based diet regimen in combating metabolic diseases. However, future studies should consider standardizing factors such as the duration of fasting, timing, composition of the ketogenic diet and target tissues as these factors may affect study outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"139 ","pages":"Pages 16-49"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144070344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethnicity modifies the relationship between added sugars and fructose exposure in the first 1000 days and offspring body composition at 24 months","authors":"Sara A. Fortin-Miller ,&nbsp;Byron J. Gajewski ,&nbsp;Susan E. Carlson ,&nbsp;John A. Colombo ,&nbsp;Danielle N. Christifano ,&nbsp;Debra K. Sullivan ,&nbsp;Holly R. Hull","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.04.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.04.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Added sugars (AS) and fructose intake are linked to obesity. Hispanic populations experience high AS intake and obesity rates. It is underexplored if early sugars exposure influences offspring growth, especially across ethnic groups. This secondary analysis examined if AS and fructose intake during pregnancy, infancy, and toddlerhood influenced offspring adiposity at 24 months, and if ethnicity modified outcomes. We hypothesized that higher sugars exposure would predict increased adiposity. Mother-child pairs from a prenatal docosahexaenoic acid supplementation RCT and the offspring follow-up study were included. Dietary intake was assessed at 12 to 20 weeks gestation, and offspring intake at 2 weeks, 6 months, 12 months, and 24 months. Intake was averaged across infancy (Year 1: 2 weeks/6 months) and toddlerhood (Year 2: 12 months/24 months). Anthropometric (<em>n</em> = 130) and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (<em>n</em> = 42) data were collected at 24 months. Multiple hierarchical regression examined associations, with interaction terms testing ethnic differences. Higher AS intake in Year 1 predicted higher weight, fat-free mass, and total adiposity. Compared to non-Hispanic offspring, the association of Year 1 fructose intake with weight and Year 2 AS intake with fat-free mass and central fat mass, were weaker in Hispanic offspring. No other significant associations were observed. The relationships between early AS and fructose intake with body composition are dynamic over time and vary by ethnicity. Our findings highlight the potential risks of early sugars exposure on obesity and metabolic health, underscoring the need for further research to inform early-life dietary interventions and public health policies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"139 ","pages":"Pages 1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The metabolic effects of intermittent fasting in patients with type 2 diabetes exist in the short term but disappear after its discontinuation: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","authors":"Fangjun Liu ,&nbsp;Zhengxin Zhang ,&nbsp;Wenjie Sun ,&nbsp;Tao Li","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.04.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.04.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This meta-analysis aimed to determine the short- (&lt; 3 months) and long-term (≥ 3 months) metabolic effects of IF in patients with type 2 diabetes. We hypothesized that IF is non-inferior to other dietary control methods (including continuous energy restriction, standard diet, Mediterranean diet and ad libitum diet) in terms of both short-term and long-term metabolic impacts in patients with type 2 diabetes. We searched for studies in the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library until August 20, 2023. Studies with non-type 2 diabetes patients, interventions other than IF, no control group, or non-randomized clinical trial designs were excluded. A meta-analysis was then conducted with a random effects model. The Risk of Bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool (ROB 2). 12 articles with a total of 966 participants were included. IF significantly decreased glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (standardized mean difference [SMD]: –0.93; 95% confidence interval [CI]: –1.64, –0.22; P = 0.01), fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (SMD: –0.73; 95% CI: –0.92, –0.54; P &lt; 0.00001) and body weight (SMD: –1.11; 95% CI: –1.92, –0.31; P = 0.007) in the short term compared to control interventions, but showed a similar effect to control interventions in the long term. Substantial heterogeneity existed among our studies. Over the intervention period, long-term IF may safely and feasibly help patients with type 2 diabetes effectively manage blood sugar and reduce body weight, but the metabolic benefits of IF don't endure after its discontinuation. Therefore, continual long-term IF may provide more lasting metabolic benefits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"138 ","pages":"Pages 135-150"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143942516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A digital health-supported Prediabetes Intervention, Management and Evaluation (PRIME) Program improves Healthy Eating Index score: A cluster randomized controlled trial","authors":"Choon Ming Ng ,&nbsp;Kah Woon Teoh ,&nbsp;Chun Wie Chong ,&nbsp;Yi Ling Ng ,&nbsp;J Simon Bell ,&nbsp;Shaun Wen Huey Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.04.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.04.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There has been increasing interest in digital health-supported interventions to facilitate lifestyle change for diabetes prevention. In this secondary analysis of a digital health-supported Prediabetes Intervention, Management and Evaluation (PRIME) cluster randomized controlled trial, we hypothesized that PRIME can improve dietary outcomes among overweight/obese people with prediabetes in Malaysia (<em>n</em> = 82). PRIME Program was only meant for the healthy population without any significant conditions other than prediabetes and metabolic syndrome. The intervention group received the PRIME mobile app equipped with nutrition education modules, online peer support for motivation, nutrition quizzes for reinforcement, and face-to-face personalized counseling sessions by health coaches, supported with real-time health data while control group received usual care. The outcomes included dietary quality, nutrient intake, and food group consumption. Adjusted mixed model analysis showed that the intervention group had a significant improvement in the total healthy eating index score (+7.69%, 95% CI: 3.53-11.85, <em>P</em> &lt; .001), vegetables (+0.68 servings/d, 95% CI: 0.26-1.11, <em>P</em> = .002), refined grains (–0.61 servings/d, 95% CI: –1.01 to –0.21, <em>P</em> = .003) and sodium intake (–436.06 mg, 95% CI: –677.46 to –194.66, <em>P</em> &lt; .001) when compared to the control group. The present study provided data to inform practice directed at supporting the implementation of a digital health-supported lifestyle intervention in complementing and augmenting existing strategies for diabetes prevention among high-risk groups in Malaysia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"138 ","pages":"Pages 151-161"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143947026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Queen garnet plum juice supplementation does not provide additional cognitive benefits over a group-based memory program in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: A randomized clinical trial","authors":"Naomi May ,&nbsp;Zoe Fitzgerald ,&nbsp;Samantha Broyd ,&nbsp;Vinicius do Rosario ,&nbsp;Steven Roodenrys ,&nbsp;Vida Bliokas ,&nbsp;Susan Thomas ,&nbsp;Jan Potter ,&nbsp;Jenson George ,&nbsp;Katrina Weston-Green ,&nbsp;Karen E. Charlton","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.04.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.04.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Research suggests a role for inflammation and oxidative stress in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and its progression. Evidence suggests anthocyanin-rich foods may reduce inflammation and oxidative stress and improve cognition but benefits in MCI are unclear. Therefore, it was hypothesized that daily consumption of anthocyanin-rich Queen Garnet Plum (QGP) juice would improve cognition, mood and blood pressure in people with MCI. Participants diagnosed with MCI (<em>N</em> = 42) participated in a double-blind, randomized controlled trial. Participants were administered either QGP juice or apricot juice (comparator) daily for 8-weeks and participated in a 6-week group-based memory program. Cognitive function was assessed using a battery of cognitive tests, including the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT), Complex Figure Test (CFT), Royal Prince Alfred-Prospective Memory Test (RPA-ProMem), and Comprehensive Assessment of Prospective Memory self-report (CAPM-self). Mood and blood pressure were also measured pre- and post-intervention. There was a significant effect of TIME for total RAVLT (<em>P = .</em>028, <em>η²</em> = .12), CFT-recall (<em>P = .</em>036, <em>η²</em> = .11), RPA-ProMem (<em>P &lt; .</em>001, <em>η²</em> = .28), and CAPM-self (<em>P = .</em>007, <em>η²</em> = .22) scores. There was a non-significant trend towards an interaction for CFT-recall (<em>p</em> = .063, <em>η</em>^<em>2</em> = .09), where Bonferroni adjusted pairwise comparisons showed that the QGP group, but not comparators, had significantly improved CFT-recall scores (QGP: +13.93%, <em>P = .</em>007; comparators: +0.84%, <em>P = .</em>855). Overall, QGP consumption during a group-based memory rehabilitation program did not result in additional cognitive benefits in older adults with MCI. This trial was registered at the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry as ACTRN12618001184268.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"138 ","pages":"Pages 107-121"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143924058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}