Nutrition Research最新文献

{"title":"Association between dietary intake of foods estimated to contain live microbes and health indicators in Australian adults: An exploratory analysis","authors":"María Gómez-Martín ,&nbsp;Erin D. Clarke ,&nbsp;Jordan Stanford ,&nbsp;Sasha Fenton ,&nbsp;Clare E. Collins","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2026.01.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2026.01.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The goal of this article was to develop a database for estimating and categorizing live microbe (LM) content in common foods and beverages, compatible with data from the Australian Eating Survey food frequency questionnaire (AES-FFQ). A secondary aim was to apply these data to examine the relationship between estimated live dietary microbe intake (derived from self-reported LM-containing food consumption), cardiometabolic health indicators, and inflammatory markers. We hypothesized that greater consumption of foods with higher estimated live microbe content would be associated with better cardiometabolic health in adults. Foods were categorized by potential viable microorganism concentration based on published methods: low (&lt;10⁴ CFU/g), medium (10⁴–10⁷ CFU/g), or high (&gt;10⁷ CFU/g). These LM categories were mapped to a subset of AUStralian Food and NUTrient database food codes corresponding to AES-FFQ items. Using cross-sectional baseline data from healthy adults, estimated live dietary microbe intakes were calculated, and relationships with demographic, anthropometric, and clinical chemistry data were analyzed using adjusted weighted least-squares regression. Foods were assigned to LM categories for more than 200 foods from the AUStralian Food and NUTrient database corresponding with AES-FFQ food items. Dietary data from 58 adults were analyzed to assess associations between estimated live dietary microbe intake and health outcomes. Higher self-reported dietary intake of foods with estimated medium-to-high live dietary microbe content was inversely associated with body weight (<em>P</em> = .008), body mass index (<em>P</em> = .005), waist circumference (<em>P</em> &lt; .001), and plasma insulin concentration (<em>P</em> = .001), and positively associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (<em>P</em> &lt; .001). No significant associations were observed with fasting plasma glucose, total, low-density lipoprotein and non–high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides or tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Findings from this exploratory analysis suggest that more frequent consumption of foods potentially containing LM is associated with some indicators of lower chronic disease risk. Further research is needed to explore estimated live dietary microbe intake and health outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"147 ","pages":"Pages 32-41"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146197764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Public health implications of thiamin deficiency in an endemic population: lessons from a community-based study in Kashmir","authors":"Umar Muzaffer ,&nbsp;Sobia Nisar ,&nbsp;Ozaifa Kareem ,&nbsp;Imran Wagay ,&nbsp;Zubair Ahmad Teli ,&nbsp;Alamgir A Dar ,&nbsp;Ishrat Jan ,&nbsp;Arifa Mehraj ,&nbsp;Zakir Hanief Wani ,&nbsp;Zahid Gani ,&nbsp;Mohd Ashraf Ganie","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2026.01.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2026.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thiamin deficiency is a significant public health concern in Kashmir due to widespread reliance on white-polished rice, traditional cooking practices that reduce thiamin content, and previously documented thiamin deficiency disorders in multiple population groups in the region. The presence of background thiamin deficiency and reliance on polished white rice as the primary staple food in our population prompted us to evaluate the burden of thiamin deficiency among community-dwelling Kashmiri adults. A total of 500 participants were enrolled in the study and their demographic; socioeconomic and dietary information was collected. The prevalence rates of thiamin deficiency were determined and their associations with various factors were examined. Follow-up examinations were conducted to evaluate the effect of thiamin deficiency on health outcomes. The prevalence of thiamin deficiency in the study population was 18.4% (<em>n</em> = 92), with a significantly higher frequency among women (69.6%) than men (30.4%) (<em>P</em> = .034). Consumption of white-polished rice, particularly when washed more than two to three times before cooking, was more common in the low-thiamin group (72.8%; <em>P</em> &lt; .05). The use of proton pump inhibitors were also significantly associated with lower thiamin diphosphate (TDP) concentration (28.3% vs 18.6%, <em>P</em> = .045). Follow-up assessments showed higher rates of weakness (16.3% vs 2.45%, <em>P</em> = .003), fatigue (11.9% vs 1.47%, <em>P</em> = .001), and lower-limb weakness (14.1% vs 0.49%, <em>P</em> = .001) in individuals with low thiamin status. Demographic and dietary factors, washing rice more than twice (AOR 1.82; 95% CI 1.05-3.18), tea consumption (AOR 1.55; 95% CI 1.01-2.38), proton pump inhibitor use (AOR 1.93; 95% CI 1.03-3.58), and female sex (AOR 1.48; 95% CI 1.01-2.21) were independently associated with low thiamin status. This study highlights the substantial burden of thiamin deficiency in an endemic population and underscores the need for improved dietary awareness and preventive public health strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"147 ","pages":"Pages 42-50"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146220559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI slop in today’s nutritional epidemiology – a worrisome trend with need for countermeasures","authors":"Stefan Kabisch","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.12.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.12.011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"146 ","pages":"Pages 94-96"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146078705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial office and Board Members","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0271-5317(26)00013-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0271-5317(26)00013-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"146 ","pages":"Pages i-ii"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146189318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of chronic nitrate supplementation on blood pressure in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials","authors":"Daniel Forster ,&nbsp;Gustavo Waclawovsky ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Potrick Stefani","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the chronic effects of sodium nitrate (NO₃⁻) supplementation on systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and resting heart rate (RHR) in adults. Placebo-controlled randomized clinical trials (RCTs) involving participants aged ≥18 years and lasting at least one week were included. Studies with beetroot juice as an intervention and studies with animals were excluded. Searches in PubMed, Cochrane, LILACS, Web of Science, SCOPUS, and grey literature were conducted in June 2025. Effect estimates were pooled as mean differences (MD) with 95% CIs using a random-effects model with Hartung-Knapp adjustment and the inverse variance method. All analyses were performed using RStudio with the meta package. Risk of bias assessment was conducted using the PEDro scale. Six studies (n = 181 participants; 59% male; &gt; 50 years of age) were eligible for analysis. Compared to the placebo condition, NO₃⁻ supplementation did not result in significant reductions in DBP (MD: –2.00 mm Hg; 95% CI: –4.37 to 0.38 mm Hg); SBP (MD: –3.81 mm Hg; 95% CI: –10.05 to 2.43 mm Hg); and RHR (MD: 0.34 bpm; 95% CI: –5.68 to 6.36 bpm). The average PEDro score indicated a low risk of bias (8.16 points). In conclusion, the current evidence does not support reductions in blood pressure levels in older adults following NO₃⁻ supplementation. Nevertheless, due to the limited number of available randomized controlled trials, further research is necessary to confirm these findings and to better understand the long-term effects of this compound on blood pressure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"146 ","pages":"Pages 111-120"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146078704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential ergogenic aid of capsaicinoid or capsinoids in healthy adults: a systematic review with meta-analysis","authors":"Giovanni Henrique Quizzini ,&nbsp;Jessenia Marise Sales Campos ,&nbsp;Flavio Antonio de Sousa Nunes ,&nbsp;Priscila Almeida Queiroz Rossi ,&nbsp;Emilia Zawieja ,&nbsp;Nelo Eidy Zanchi ,&nbsp;Lucas Melo Neves ,&nbsp;Fabricio Eduardo Rossi","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.12.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Capsaicinoids and capsinoids (CAP) have been proposed as ergogenic aids, with mechanisms suggesting benefits for resistance or aerobic exercise performance. The objective of this systematic review with meta-analysis was to verify the effects of CAP on resistance or aerobic exercise performance in healthy adults, and to explore potential variables influencing these outcomes. We hypothesize that CAP supplementation may acutely and chronically improve aerobic and resistance performance in adults. This review followed PRISMA guidelines and was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023460579). Searches were conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and SPORTDiscus. Eligible studies included healthy adults (18-59 years) receiving acute or chronic CAP supplementation with resistance or aerobic exercise, reporting outcomes on aerobic exercise performance (time trial or time to exhaustion), resistance exercise performance (total volume load or repetitions to failure), and rating of perceived exertion (RPE). Meta-analysis showed improvements in acute resistance exercise performance (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.198; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.083-0.313; <em>P</em> = .001), and acute aerobic exercise performance, where CAP improved time-to-exhaustion (SMD = 0.487; 95% CI = 0.089-0.885; <em>P</em> = .016) but without overall effect (SMD = 0.055; 95% CI = −0.128 to 0.238; <em>P</em> = .554). For RPE, there was a significant reduction for overall effect (SMD = −0.183; 95% CI = −0.318 to −0.047; <em>P</em> = .008). Three chronic resistance training studies were identified, with one showing increased strength. Two chronic aerobic studies were included, but neither improved. In conclusion, acute CAP supplementation may enhance resistance exercise performance and time-to-exhaustion during acute aerobic exercise, while lowering RPE, but chronic effects are limited.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"146 ","pages":"Pages 13-25"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145904010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Moderate dietary intake of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids is associated with reduced all-cause mortality in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease","authors":"Ye Liu ,&nbsp;Chong Geng ,&nbsp;Yaoyu Guo ,&nbsp;Xiaoxi Xie ,&nbsp;Yanni Li ,&nbsp;Xiao Li ,&nbsp;Chunhui Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.12.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.12.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) can ameliorate multiple pathological alterations in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). However, their associations with mortality and optimal intake in MASLD remain unclear. We hypothesized that moderate dietary intake of n-3 PUFAs is associated with reduced all-cause mortality in MASLD. This study included 6367 individuals with MASLD from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2018 to investigate these associations and determine the optimal intake. N-3 PUFAs intake was assessed using 24-hour dietary recalls. The association between n-3 PUFAs and mortality was evaluated using multivariable Cox regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS). The threshold effect was identified using piecewise regression with likelihood ratio tests. Cox regression indicated that a moderate dietary intake of n-3 PUFAs was significantly associated with reduced all-cause mortality in patients with MASLD. RCS analysis revealed a nonlinear, L-shaped relationship between them (<em>P</em> _overall &lt; .0001; <em>P</em> _nonlinear = .0006), with an inflection point at 2.14 g/day. This value may be the optimal intake of n-3 PUFAs. Overall, moderate intake of n-3 PUFAs is associated with improved long-term survival in patients with MASLD, with an optimal intake of approximately 2.14 g/day.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"146 ","pages":"Pages 1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145903966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"David Kritchevsky Graduate Student Award for Nutrition Research","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0271-5317(26)00014-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0271-5317(26)00014-X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"146 ","pages":"Page iii"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146189317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility of a randomized clinical trial comparing 5-methyltetrahydrofolate and folic acid prenatal multivitamins in couples with recurrent pregnancy loss","authors":"Carolyn Ledowsky ,&nbsp;Vanessa Scarf ,&nbsp;Kris Rogers ,&nbsp;Amie Steel","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.12.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.12.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To assess the feasibility of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF) and folic acid (FA) in couples with recurrent pregnancy loss. Pregnancy loss affects up to 15% of pregnancies, with over half of cases remaining unexplained. Emerging evidence suggests that folate metabolism, particularly in individuals carrying methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphisms such as C677T and A1298C variants, may influence reproductive outcomes. A double-blind, RCT feasibility trial was conducted in Australia with 22 reproductive dyads randomized to receive either 5-MTHF or FA prenatal multivitamins. Participants adhered to dietary restrictions, abstained from conception for two cycles, and completed regular assessments. Primary outcomes included feasibility, adherence, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy based on biochemical markers and pregnancy outcomes. The trial demonstrated high acceptability (86% in arm A [MTHF-A] and 94% in arm B [FA-B]) and adherence rates for supplement use over 78% in each arm. Unmetabolized FA concentration decreased in the 5-MTHF group but rose significantly in the FA group. A critical finding was the degradation of 5-MTHF in retained samples, highlighting formulation instability as a confounder. A fully online RCT comparing 5-MTHF and FA is feasible. Future trials should address formulation stability and expand sample size to evaluate clinical efficacy and personalized folate strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"146 ","pages":"Pages 68-81"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145980109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI in nutrition: multi-criteria analysis of diet plans across diverse client profiles","authors":"Adem Erik ,&nbsp;Sakhi Mohammad Hamidy ,&nbsp;Hilal Karamancıoğlu ,&nbsp;Büşra Nur Küçük Kırtıklı","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.12.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.12.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies has resulted in the proliferation of novel applications in various fields, including nutrition. One of the most notable applications involves AI-generated and guided diet plans. The present study evaluates diet plans generated by various AI tools (e.g., ChatGPT, Gemini, DeepSeek, etc.) for individuals with different health profiles using a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) framework. A series of authentic client scenarios were formulated on the basis of anonymized clinical cases that had been provided by a registered dietitian. These scenarios incorporated medical history, lifestyle habits, dietary patterns, and other relevant factors. For each client's profile, a set of standardized prompts were submitted to different AI tools to generate comparable diet plans. The resulting diet plans were evaluated based on several main and sub-criteria, including appropriateness, feasibility, nutritional adequacy, degree of personalization, ethical compliance, reproducibility, and linguistic clarity. The evaluation employed MCDM methods, namely LBWA for weighting, COPRAS, and PROMETHEE-I/II for ranking. The findings indicate that GPTPLUS demonstrated the highest overall ranking; DeepSeek exhibited consistent second-tier performance; and mid-tier models (GPT-4.0, GPT-4.5, Grook3) exchanged positions depending on the scenario and method. The results at the criterion level were found to be aligned with clinical priorities. Moreover, Claude's refusal to formulate a dietary plan for a client under the age of 18 indicates a paucity of standardized ethical guidelines governing the utilization of AI tools. The findings emphasize the potential of AI as a supportive tool in healthcare services, while concurrently addressing ethical considerations and practical limitations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"146 ","pages":"Pages 53-67"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145928908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}