Intervention design and adherence to Mediterranean diet in the Cardiovascular Risk Prevention with a Mediterranean Dietary Pattern Reduced in Saturated Fat (CADIMED) randomized trial

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI:10.1016/j.nutres.2025.03.001

Lourdes Chávez-Alfaro , Carmen Tenorio Jiménez , Víctor Silveira-Sanguino , María José Noguera Gómez , Concepción Fernández-Moreno , Ana María Rodríguez Cuesta , Antonio F. Lebrón Arana , Óscar Segura Calvo , Ignacio Merino De Haro , Concepción M. Aguilera , Carolina Gómez-Llorente , Óscar Daniel Rangel-Huerta , Nerys Astbury , Aurora Pérez-Cornago , Marta Guasch-Ferre , Carmen Piernas

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Effective interventions targeting modifiable cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, such as diet, are urgently needed. The Cardiovascular Risk Prevention with a Mediterranean Dietary Pattern Reduced in Saturated Fat study hypothesizes that eliminating red and processed meat in the context of a Mediterranean diet (MD) will significantly modify circulating low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration and the fatty acid profile compared to general CVD prevention advice. Here we describe the intervention design and summarize baseline dietary intakes (mean ± standard deviation) related to MD adherence and red/processed meat intakes in a sample of 81 participants. The Cardiovascular Risk Prevention with a Mediterranean Dietary Pattern Reduced in Saturated Fat study is a two-arm, 8-week parallel randomized controlled intervention trial involving a final sample of 156 adults (≥18 years) with dyslipidemia (not undergoing pharmacological treatment) recruited from healthcare and community settings in Granada (Spain). The primary outcome will assess changes in circulating low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and the fatty acid profile, whilst secondary outcomes will measure changes in CVD-related metabolites/biomarkers, gut microbiome, diet/lifestyle, and intervention feasibility/acceptability. Preliminary findings indicate low MD adherence (Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener score 7.6 ± 1.9), and high consumption of red and processed meat (1.04 ± 0.90) servings/d). These results underscore the need for targeted dietary interventions to address the growing burden of dyslipidemia and CVD. If successful, this intervention holds potential for scalability and significant impact on public health, dietary guidelines, and advancements in nutrition science by improving MD adherence and reducing CVD risk factors in adults with dyslipidemia.

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干预设计和坚持地中海饮食在心血管风险预防与地中海饮食模式减少饱和脂肪（CADIMED）随机试验

目前迫切需要针对可改变心血管疾病（CVD）危险因素（如饮食）的有效干预措施。地中海饮食模式减少饱和脂肪的心血管风险预防研究假设，与一般心血管疾病预防建议相比，在地中海饮食（MD）的背景下，消除红肉和加工肉将显著改变循环低密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度和脂肪酸分布。在这里，我们描述了干预设计，并总结了81名参与者的基线饮食摄入量（平均值±标准差）与MD依从性和红肉/加工肉摄入量的关系。地中海饮食模式减少饱和脂肪的心血管风险预防研究是一项为期8周的两组平行随机对照干预试验，最终样本为156名患有血脂异常（未接受药物治疗）的成年人（≥18岁），来自西班牙格拉纳达的医疗保健和社区环境。主要结局将评估循环低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和脂肪酸谱的变化，而次要结局将测量cvd相关代谢物/生物标志物、肠道微生物组、饮食/生活方式和干预可行性/可接受性的变化。初步研究结果表明，低MD依从性（地中海饮食依从性筛查评分为7.6±1.9），高红肉和加工肉消费量（1.04±0.90）份/天)。这些结果强调了有针对性的饮食干预的必要性，以解决血脂异常和心血管疾病日益增加的负担。如果成功，该干预措施将具有可扩展性，并通过提高成人血脂异常患者的MD依从性和减少心血管疾病危险因素，对公共卫生、饮食指南和营养科学的进步产生重大影响。

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来源期刊

Nutrition Research 医学-营养学

CiteScore

7.60

自引率

2.20%

发文量

107

审稿时长

58 days

期刊介绍： Nutrition Research publishes original research articles, communications, and reviews on basic and applied nutrition. The mission of Nutrition Research is to serve as the journal for global communication of nutrition and life sciences research on diet and health. The field of nutrition sciences includes, but is not limited to, the study of nutrients during growth, reproduction, aging, health, and disease. Articles covering basic and applied research on all aspects of nutrition sciences are encouraged, including: nutritional biochemistry and metabolism; metabolomics, nutrient gene interactions; nutrient requirements for health; nutrition and disease; digestion and absorption; nutritional anthropology; epidemiology; the influence of socioeconomic and cultural factors on nutrition of the individual and the community; the impact of nutrient intake on disease response and behavior; the consequences of nutritional deficiency on growth and development, endocrine and nervous systems, and immunity; nutrition and gut microbiota; food intolerance and allergy; nutrient drug interactions; nutrition and aging; nutrition and cancer; obesity; diabetes; and intervention programs.