Effect of prebiotics on growth metrics in infants: A GRADE approach systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Research Pub Date : 2025-03-08 DOI:10.1016/j.nutres.2025.03.003

Seyedeh-Tarlan Mirzohreh , Asma Sohrabnavi , Padideh Panahi , Zeinab Nikniaz , Mahdieh Abbasalizad Farhangi , Sevana Daneghian , Leila Nikniaz

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Abstract

Breastfeeding is often not feasible for all mothers, making infant formula a critical alternative for ensuring infant safety and nutrition. We hypothesized that the inclusion of prebiotics in infant formula significantly affects growth metrics in infants compared to standard formula. This study aims to fill a knowledge gap regarding the effects of prebiotics in infant formula on infant growth and development, particularly given the varying compositions and durations of prebiotic supplementation. A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, analyzing 24 studies sourced from databases such as PubMed and Cochrane, with risk of bias assessed using RoB-2 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The findings revealed no significant differences in weight gain (WG), height gain (HG), or head circumference gain (HCG) between prebiotic-fed infants and control groups overall. However, infants receiving prebiotics for 3 or more months exhibited a significant decrease in WG compared to controls (SMD -0.479, P < .05). Notably, those fed formulas containing fructo-oligosaccharides/galacto-oligosaccharides and a combination of polydextrose/galacto-oligosaccharides/lactulose demonstrated improved WG (SMDs of 0.214 and 0.184, P < .05 respectively). Conversely, infants on formulas with inulin-enriched oligo-fructose (IOF) experienced reduced WG and HG. In conclusion, while prebiotics did not consistently enhance growth metrics, specific combinations showed potential benefits, emphasizing the need for tailored approaches in infant formula design to optimize growth without compromising health.

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益生元对婴儿生长指标的影响：随机临床试验的GRADE方法系统评价和荟萃分析

母乳喂养往往并非对所有母亲都可行，因此婴儿配方奶粉成为确保婴儿安全和营养的重要选择。我们假设，与标准配方奶粉相比，在婴儿配方奶粉中加入益生元会显著影响婴儿的生长指标。本研究旨在填补关于婴儿配方奶粉中益生元对婴儿生长发育影响的知识空白，特别是考虑到益生元补充的不同成分和持续时间。遵循PRISMA指南进行系统评价，分析了来自PubMed和Cochrane等数据库的24项研究，随机对照试验（rct）使用rob2评估偏倚风险。研究结果显示，在益生元喂养的婴儿和对照组之间，体重增加（WG）、身高增加（HG）或头围增加（HCG）总体上没有显著差异。然而，与对照组相比，服用益生元3个月或更长时间的婴儿WG显著下降(SMD -0.479, P <；. 05)。值得注意的是，饲喂含有低聚果糖/半乳糖低聚糖和聚葡萄糖/半乳糖低聚糖/乳果糖组合的配方奶粉，其WG （SMDs）分别为0.214和0.184,P <；. 05)。相反，使用富含菊粉的低聚果糖（IOF）配方奶粉的婴儿WG和HG减少。总之，虽然益生元并不能始终提高生长指标，但特定的组合显示出潜在的益处，强调婴儿配方奶粉设计需要量身定制的方法，以在不损害健康的情况下优化生长。

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来源期刊

Nutrition Research 医学-营养学

CiteScore

7.60

自引率

2.20%

发文量

107

审稿时长

58 days

期刊介绍： Nutrition Research publishes original research articles, communications, and reviews on basic and applied nutrition. The mission of Nutrition Research is to serve as the journal for global communication of nutrition and life sciences research on diet and health. The field of nutrition sciences includes, but is not limited to, the study of nutrients during growth, reproduction, aging, health, and disease. Articles covering basic and applied research on all aspects of nutrition sciences are encouraged, including: nutritional biochemistry and metabolism; metabolomics, nutrient gene interactions; nutrient requirements for health; nutrition and disease; digestion and absorption; nutritional anthropology; epidemiology; the influence of socioeconomic and cultural factors on nutrition of the individual and the community; the impact of nutrient intake on disease response and behavior; the consequences of nutritional deficiency on growth and development, endocrine and nervous systems, and immunity; nutrition and gut microbiota; food intolerance and allergy; nutrient drug interactions; nutrition and aging; nutrition and cancer; obesity; diabetes; and intervention programs.