Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology最新文献

{"title":"Endoglin Regulates Intercellular Interactions between Trophoblast and Natural Killer Cells","authors":"E. Tyshchuk, P. Grebenkina, I. Krutetskaya, I. Smirnov, A. Stolbovaya, O. Shashkova, M. Samoilovich, D. Bazhenov, O. Stepanova, S. Selkov, D. Sokolov","doi":"10.1134/s0022093024030074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0022093024030074","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The interaction of natural killer and trophoblast cells underlies\u0000maternal-fetal immune tolerance. The data on the participation of\u0000endoglin (ENG, CD105), or its soluble form, in the regulation of\u0000the communication of these cells are currently insufficient. In\u0000this study, we have investigated the role of endoglin in the intercellular\u0000interactions between natural killer cells and trophoblasts. Here,\u0000we show that NK-92 cells and JEG-3 cells constitutively express\u0000MICA/B, and CD105. In the presence of JEG-3 cells, the expression\u0000of NKG2D, CD94, MICA/B, and CD105 by NK-92 cells was increased,\u0000and the number of NK-92 cells expressing NKG2A, CD94, and MICA was\u0000reduced. Antibodies against ENG and recombinant endoglin (rENG),\u0000attenuated the trophoblasts’ influence and returned the phenotype of\u0000the NK-92 cells to that of cells found in monoculture conditions.\u0000The antibodies and rENG also increased the expression of pSMAD2/3\u0000by NK cells in both monoculture and co-culture conditions. The antibodies\u0000increased the trophoblasts’ sensitivity to the cytotoxic effect\u0000of NK cells. In general, our findings indicate a significant role\u0000of endoglin in the intercellular communication between NK cells\u0000and trophoblasts. We also speculate that endoglin forms a complex\u0000with TGFβ, which aids in TGFβ trafficking between these cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":15805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141522286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression of GABA-A Receptors and Cation-Chloride Cotransporters in the Hippocampus of Krushinsky–Molodkina Audiogenic Rats during the Postnatal Development","authors":"A. P. Ivlev, A. A. Naumova","doi":"10.1134/s0022093024030025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0022093024030025","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Epilepsy development can be caused by impaired postsynaptic\u0000action of GABA that is mediated by altered expression of GABA-A\u0000receptors and cation-chloride cotransporters, KCC2 (K⁺/Cl^– cotransporter\u00002) and NKCC1 (Na⁺/K⁺/Cl^– cotransporter\u00001). In the present study, we analyzed the expression of GABA-A receptors,\u0000KCC2, and NKCC1 in the hippocampus of Krushinsky–Molodkina (KM)\u0000rats, genetically prone to audiogenic seizures (AGS), during the\u0000first few months of the postnatal development (at P15, P60, and\u0000P120). Wistar rats of the corresponding ages were used as the control groups.\u0000In the hippocampus of KM pups, we observed downregulation of both\u0000KCC2 and NKCC1; however, the expression of GABA-A receptor α1-subunit\u0000(GABAAR(α1)) was increased. Moreover, KCC2 was not detected in an\u0000abnormally broad region of the granular layer, indicating the Cl^– imbalance\u0000and impaired GABA-mediated inhibition in postsynaptic targets of\u0000GABA. These results suggested a delayed maturation of the hippocampal\u0000GABAergic system in KM rats in comparison with Wistar rats. In adult\u0000KM rats (P120) with fully developed susceptibility to AGS, normalization\u0000of both KCC2 and NKCC1 expression and KCC2 phosphorylation in the\u0000hippocampus was revealed. In contrast, GABAAR(α1) expression was\u0000decreased. We supposed that lower expression of GABA-A receptors\u0000in the hippocampus of adult KM rats might contribute either to the\u0000establishment of increased convulsive readiness or to hyperexcitation\u0000of the hippocampus during audiogenic kindling.</p>","PeriodicalId":15805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141505972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blood Flow Changes in the Rabbit Cranial and Caudal Venae Cavae during Postural Loads after Propranolol, Bisoprolol and Methyldopa Pretreatment","authors":"V. I. Evlakhov, T. P. Berezina, T. V. Sergeev, M. V. Kuropatenko, I. Z. Poyassov","doi":"10.1134/s0022093024030050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0022093024030050","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The β_1,2-adrenergic receptor blocker\u0000propranolol, β₁-blocker bisoprolol, and central\u0000presynaptic α₂-adrenergic receptor agonist\u0000methyldopa are used in clinical practice to treat the hyperadrenergic\u0000type of postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome. There are no\u0000literature data on the effects of these drugs on vena cava flows\u0000during postural tests. In acute experiments on anesthetized rabbits,\u0000we studied blood flow changes in the cranial vena cava (CrVC) and\u0000caudal vena cava (CdVC) during orthostatic (head-up tilt by 25°)\u0000and antiorthostatic (head-down tilt by –25°) tests for 20 s after\u0000propranolol, bisoprolol and methyldopa intravenous preadministration.\u0000Before drug pretreatment, both CrVC and CdVC flows decreased in\u0000response to orthostasis at the 4th and 20th s. During antiorthostasis,\u0000CdVC flow increased at the 4th s and decreased to the baseline value\u0000by the 20th s, while CrVC flow decreased by the 4th s and exceeded\u0000the baseline level by the 20th s. After propranolol pretreatment,\u0000CdVC flow decreased to a greater extent than in response to bisoprolol\u0000and methyldopa pretreatment. After methyldopa pretreatment during\u0000orthostasis, by the 20th s, CrVC flow decreased more notably than\u0000CdVC flow, while after propranolol and bisoprolol pretreatment under\u0000conditions of orthostasis, both CrVC and CdVC flows decreased about\u0000equally. During antiorthostasis, 20 s after propranolol pretreatment,\u0000CdVC flow increased more considerably compared to CrVC flow. After\u0000bisoprolol and methyldopa pretreatment, CrVC flow increased in response\u0000to antiorthostasis not only to a greater extent than CdVC flow but\u0000even more pronouncedly compared to its initial increment. Thus,\u0000postural tests after the pretreatment with the above drugs reveal\u0000differences in the mechanisms of blood flow redistribution in CrVC\u0000and CdVC basins.</p>","PeriodicalId":15805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"355 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141522284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of DNA Methylation in Zebrafish Models of CNS Diseases","authors":"L. V. Yushko, A. D. Shevlyakov, M. A. Romazeva, K. V. Apukhtin, A. D. Volgin, D. A. Abramov, M. M. Kotova, A. V. Kalueff","doi":"10.1134/s0022093024030104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0022093024030104","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>DNA methylation plays an important role in the regulation\u0000of gene expression. Its deficits in the brain cause various neurological\u0000diseases, including autism, schizophrenia and mood disorders. The\u0000zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>) is\u0000a promising model organism in biomedicine. Given its high genetic\u0000and physiological homology with humans, studying genome methylation\u0000deficits in zebrafish can help elucidate the molecular processes\u0000underlying the etiology and pathogenesis of various neurological\u0000diseases, as well as develop novel therapies. Here, we discuss the\u0000mechanisms of DNA methylation in the brain and the diseases associated\u0000with its dysregulation in humans, as well as their genetic and pharmacological\u0000models in zebrafish. We also evaluate the limitations of zebrafish\u0000models and possible directions for further research in this field.\u0000Mounting evidence summarized here supports zebrafish as an effective\u0000model for elucidating the molecular mechanisms of brain pathologies\u0000associated with compromised DNA methylation.</p>","PeriodicalId":15805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141522289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of Na+/K+-ATPase and Components of the Ca2+-Transporting System in Myocardium under Experimental Prediabetes and Type 1 Diabetes in Rats","authors":"I. B. Sukhov, O. V. Chistyakova, M. G. Dobretsov","doi":"10.1134/s0022093024030232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0022093024030232","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>One of the complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) is diabetic\u0000cardiomyopathy (DCM), whose molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis\u0000have not been fully studied. Previously, the involvement of Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase\u0000and components of the Ca²⁺ transport\u0000system in cardiomyocytes in the development of DCM was shown. The\u0000aim of the work was to study the expression and activity of Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase\u0000and Ca²⁺-ATPase (SERCA2) in the myocardium\u0000of male Wistar rats in a model of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced prediabetes\u0000and overt type 1 diabetes (T1DM). STZ was administered at once i.p.\u0000in doses of 30–35 mg/kg. Rats with glucose levels above 11 mM were\u0000considered diabetic (STZ-D1 group), and those with moderate hyperglycemia\u0000were considered prediabetic (STZ-preD1 group). The activity of Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase\u0000and Ca²⁺-ATPase was determined (by the\u0000rate of release of inorganic phosphate, P_i), and\u0000the expression of the genes α1- and α2-isoforms of Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase,\u0000SERCA2, and Kir6.1, Kv7.1, and Kv2.1 potassium channels was also\u0000determined. In the control (C) group, the activity of ouabain (1 mM)\u0000-sensitive Mg²⁺-dependent ATPase was\u00006.03 ± 0.6 mmol Pi/g/h. In the STZ-D1 and STZ-preD1 groups, Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase\u0000activity did not differ from group C. The level of gene expression\u0000of α1- and α2- subunits of Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase\u0000in the STZ-D1 group decreased by more than 45%, then both in the\u0000STZ-preD1 group increased by 64 and 81%, which may indicate a high\u0000sensitivity of expression to insulinopenia. The activity of Ca²⁺-ATPase\u0000and the expression of the SERCA2 gene did not differ between the\u0000groups, which might be because the 4-week period after STZ administration\u0000is not sufficient for the development of Ca²⁺-ATPase\u0000deficiency in the rat heart. The level of expression of the genes\u0000of the potassium channel subtypes Kv2.1, Kir6.1, and Kv7.1 increased\u0000in the STZ-preD1 group, which may indicate a potential contribution\u0000of the studied potassium channel subtypes to the adaptation mechanism to\u0000moderate hyperglycemia.</p>","PeriodicalId":15805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141522366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barbering in Laboratory Rodents: Problems and Prospects","authors":"M. M. Kotova, V. D. Riga, A. V. Kalueff","doi":"10.1134/s0022093024030207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0022093024030207","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Barbering is a behavior which involves the plucking or nibbling\u0000of fur, hair, or whiskers (vibrissae), leading to focal hair loss,\u0000and is often seen in laboratory mice and rats. The role of this\u0000behavior, including its relationship with stress, aggression, grooming,\u0000and aberrant stereotypic behavior, is actively discussed. Insights\u0000into the nature of barbering and its impact on laboratory rodents\u0000should be considered when planning experimental studies. Here, we\u0000discuss recent data on the neurobiology and genetics of barbering,\u0000as well as its role in the behavior and central nervous system of\u0000laboratory rodents.</p>","PeriodicalId":15805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141522363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isosmotic Contraction of Rat Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells upon Activation of Purinergic Receptors: the Role of Chlorine Transport","authors":"L. V. Smaglii, V. S. Gusakova, S. V. Gusakova, M. A. Pshemyskiy, S. O. Koshuba, E. A. Golovanov","doi":"10.1134/s0022093024030256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0022093024030256","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>We studied the effect of the purinergic signaling system and\u0000the contribution of Cl^– transporters\u0000to isosmotic contraction of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC),\u0000which results from the normalization of osmotic pressure after prolonged\u0000incubation in a hyposmotic medium. The study was carried out by myography\u0000of endothelium-denuded aortic ring segments of male Wistar rats.\u0000Isosmotic contraction was induced by placing vascular segments in\u0000normosmotic Krebs solution (120 mM NaCl) after a 40-minute incubation\u0000in a hyposmotic Krebs solution (40 mM NaCl). Purinergic receptors\u0000were activated by adenosine 5’-triphosphate (ATP, 500 µM), a nonselective\u0000P₂X and P₂Y receptor\u0000agonist, and uridine 5’-triphosphate (UTP, 500 µM), a selective\u0000P₂Y receptor agonist. ATP and UTP abolished\u0000the transience of the aortic SMC isosmotic contraction without affecting\u0000its amplitude. Pretreatment of vascular segments with ATP and UTP\u0000during incubation in a hyposmotic solution completely suppressed\u0000the development of isosmotic contraction in the presence of ATP\u0000or UTP, but did not affect it without purinergic receptor activators.\u0000The Na⁺–K⁺–2Cl^–-cotransporter\u0000(NKCC) inhibitor bumetanide (100 µM) abolished isosmotic contraction\u0000in the presence of ATP (not UTP) but restored its transience. The\u0000nonselective Cl^– channel and Cl^–/HCO₃\u0000^– exchanger\u0000blocker DIDS (100 µM) suppressed the development of isosmotic contraction\u0000in the presence of both ATP and UTP. The potassium channel blocker tetraethylammonium\u0000(10 mM) potentiated the contractile activity of UTP toward isosmotic\u0000volume contraction. Presumably, purinergic receptors abolish the\u0000transience of isosmotic contraction by activating Cl^– currents\u0000through activation of P₂Y receptors. The\u0000mechanism of interaction between the purinergic signaling system\u0000and Cl^– transport during cell volume\u0000changes requires further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":15805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141522369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preconditioning with Moderate Hypoxia Increases Tolerance to Subsequent Severe Hypoxia in Rats with LPS-Induced Endotoxemia","authors":"Zh. A. Donina","doi":"10.1134/s002209302403027x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s002209302403027x","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Hyperproduction of mediators of LPS-induced inflammatory process\u0000(endotoxicosis, sepsis) initiates the development of acute respiratory\u0000failure (ARF), impaired gas exchange, progressive hypoxemia and hypercapnia,\u0000hypotension, respiratory arrest and death. Severe sepsis associated\u0000with hypoxemia remains the main cause of death, and therefore the\u0000development of methods to increase resistance to acute hypoxia in\u0000septic patients is an urgent task. The aim of the work was to study\u0000the effectiveness of preconditioning with short-term intermittent\u0000moderate hypoxia to increase tolerance to subsequent severe hypoxia\u0000in rats with LPS-induced endotoxicosis. The experiments were carried\u0000out on anesthetized and traheostomized male Wistar rats. Endotoxicosis\u0000was modeled by administration of a lipopolysaccharide solution (<i>Escherichia coli</i>) in an amount of\u00007 mg/kg. To assess resistance to severe hypoxia, the rebreathing\u0000method of (RM) with a gradual decrease in oxygen in the rebreather\u0000from 21% to the onset of apnea was used. Hypoxic preconditioning\u0000(hypoxic training, HT) was also created by the method of RM in the\u0000mode of 3 cycles: reduction of the oxygen fraction in the rebreather\u0000to 12%—3 min, 5 min—normoxia. 3 groups of animals were studied:\u0000I-control-NaCl, II-LPS, III-LPS+HT. The following parameters were\u0000recorded: external respiration, mean arterial pressure (MAP), saturation (SpO₂),\u0000fraction of inhaled O₂, time of onset of\u0000apnea, the amount of spontaneous respiratory recovery (autoresuscitation)\u0000in the posthypoxic period. It was shown that the administration\u0000of LPS under normoxic conditions was accompanied by hyperventilation,\u0000hypoxemia and hypotension. The maximum deterioration in resistance\u0000to severe hypoxia was observed in rats with LPS, which was manifested\u0000by a decrease in MAP, SpO₂ and a decrease\u0000in the possibility of autoresuscitation after hypoxic apnea. The effect\u0000of HT prevented a decrease in arterial pressure, SpO₂ increased\u0000by 1.4 times, survival increased by 2 times, which is comparable\u0000to the level of normoxia before the introduction of LPS. It is assumed\u0000that the effectiveness of hypoxic preconditioning is due to the\u0000inhibition of the inflammatory response.</p>","PeriodicalId":15805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"355 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141522267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the Effect of the Antidepressants Imipramine and Fluoxetine on the Sleep–Wake Cycle and Characteristics of Sleep Spindles in Wag/Rij Rats with Absence Epilepsy and Comorbid Depression","authors":"A. V. Gabova, E. A. Fedosova, K. Yu. Sarkisova","doi":"10.1134/s0022093024030293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0022093024030293","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>WAG/Rij rats are a valid model of absence epilepsy and comorbid\u0000depression. We have previously shown that WAG/Rij rats have disturbances\u0000in the sleep–wake cycle and changes in the characteristics of sleep\u0000spindles. A negative correlation was also found between the number\u0000of spike-wave discharges (SWD) and the duration of rapid eye movement\u0000(REM) sleep. Clinical evidence suggests that the traditional antidepressants\u0000imipramine and fluoxetine are effective in suppressing symptoms\u0000of depression, but may have a negative impact on the sleep–wake\u0000cycle and comorbid epilepsy in patients. Our previous studies in\u0000WAG/Rij rats showed that imipramine, when administered chronically, increases\u0000the number of SWDs, while fluoxetine at the same dose reduces their\u0000number, although both antidepressants have a pronounced antidepressant\u0000effect. Comparison of the effects of the antidepressants imipramine\u0000and fluoxetine on the sleep–wake cycle and sleep spindles in WAG/Rij\u0000rats remains unstudied. The purpose of this work is to find out:\u0000(1) what effects do imipramine and fluoxetine have on the sleep–wake\u0000cycle and the characteristics of sleep spindles in WAG/Rij rats\u0000and (2) whether there are differences in their effects. To achieve\u0000this goal, the characteristics of the sleep–wake cycle and sleep\u0000spindles were compared in WAG/Rij rats after chronic administration\u0000of antidepressants and saline and in non-epileptic Wistar rats.\u0000Administration of imipramine led to a significant decrease in the duration\u0000of REM sleep. The administration of imipramine, compared with fluoxetine,\u0000also increased the latency of the transition to sleep and the transition\u0000to REM sleep. Sleep spindle amplitude was significantly increased\u0000by both antidepressants. However, the spectral power density of\u0000“slow” and “medium” spindles, which predominate in WAG/Rij rats\u0000compared to Wistar rats, was significantly higher after administration\u0000of imipramine than fluoxetine. The results suggest that imipramine\u0000causes greater negative changes in the sleep–wake cycle and sleep\u0000spindles than fluoxetine. Studies in the WAG/Rij rat model indicate\u0000that fluoxetine is more preferable antidepressant for the treatment\u0000of depressive disorders comorbid with absence epilepsy, since it\u0000does not cause a significant deterioration in sleep quality. These\u0000results are consistent with clinical data.</p>","PeriodicalId":15805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141522269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Olfactory Dysfunction in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes","authors":"E. V. Bigdai, A. A. Zuikova, A. V. Pozdnyakov","doi":"10.1134/s0022093024030220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0022093024030220","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The article surveys literature data on a close relationship\u0000between energy balance and the sense of smell. Olfaction is one\u0000of the main modalities for hedonic food evaluation. Odor is one\u0000of the most important sensory signals, which predicts food quality\u0000and plays a key role in food selection and consumption. Appetite\u0000can be stimulated by a variety of factors, but the leading role\u0000belongs to olfactory cues (tasty smells) and hormone levels that\u0000signal hunger or satiety. Olfactory perception is subject to hormonal\u0000modulation. In this regard, a special focus in the article is on\u0000the modulating function of insulin. Insulin, one of the main metabolic\u0000hormones, controls food intake and has an anorexigenic effect at\u0000the level of not only the hypothalamus but also the olfactory pathway,\u0000being particularly strong in the olfactory bulb. It is the olfactory\u0000bulb where the rate of insulin transport is two to eight times higher than\u0000in other parts of the brain, and that contains highest levels of\u0000insulin and insulin receptor kinase. Thus, insulin is not only able\u0000to penetrate to the site of olfactory information processing but\u0000does it quickly. Insulin and its receptors localize in the olfactory\u0000epithelium, in mature olfactory sensory neurons. Therefore, insulin\u0000influences the primary stage of odorous molecule perception, odor detection,\u0000which occurs at the level of the olfactory epithelium. In obesity\u0000and type 2 diabetes, the sense of smell is impaired up to its complete\u0000loss, worsening the quality of life in such patients. The article\u0000also addresses the effectiveness of intranasal insulin administration\u0000for restoring olfactory function in metabolic disorders and other\u0000diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":15805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141522365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}