Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology最新文献

{"title":"Effect of Preservation on Changes in the Volume of Corneal Endothelial Cells in an Environment with a High Concentration of Potassium","authors":"L. E. Katkova, G. S. Baturina, M. M. Teterin, A. I. Sakhanenko, I. G. Palchikova, I. A. Iskakov, E. I. Solenov","doi":"10.1134/s0022093024040331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0022093024040331","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The experimental study of preservation length on the effect\u0000of high potassium concentration in the medium on the volume of human\u0000corneal endothelial cells was done. The results of the study of individual\u0000samples of fragments of donor material and the values calculated\u0000using joined data after hypothermic preservation for 4 and 10 days\u0000are presented. The increase of the time when cornea samples are\u0000kept in preservation medium (Eusol-C) at 4°C led to a decrease in\u0000the average value (<i>M</i> ± <i>SEM</i>) of cell swelling indicator (<i>Q</i>) in a potassium medium from 1.055\u0000± 0.001; <i>n</i> = 982 to 1.014 ±\u00000.001; <i>n</i> = 338; after 4 and\u000010 days, respectively. Student’s <i>t-</i>test\u0000for independent samples showed a high degree of significance for\u0000the difference between these values (<i>p</i> =\u00002E-76). Identification of the proportion of cells capable to swell\u0000in a medium with a high content of potassium ions (<i>Q</i> ≥ 1), reflecting the electrogenic activity\u0000in these cells, showed a decrease of this indicator in the studied\u0000groups with increasing duration of preservation (94.3% and 56.8%\u0000after 4 and 10 days, respectively). Based on the results of the\u0000study, it is suggested that the values of endothelial cells swelling\u0000in a potassium environment can serve as indicators of the cells’\u0000ability to restore electrogenic transport. It is concluded that\u0000the study of cell swelling in a medium with a high content of potassium\u0000ions can provide information for predicting the functionality of\u0000the graft.</p>","PeriodicalId":15805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142193280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanisms of Monoamine Oxidase Involvement in the Development of Hyperbaric Oxygen Seizures","authors":"S. Yu. Zhilyaev, I. N. Basova, T. F. Platonova, O. S. Alekseeva, N. A. Gavrisheva, I. T. Demchenko","doi":"10.1134/s0022093024040161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0022093024040161","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO₂) breathing\u0000induces generalized tonic and clonic seizures through poorly understood\u0000mechanisms. The purpose of the research was to evaluate the mechanisms\u0000of involvement of monoamine oxidase (MAO) in the development of\u0000hyperbaric oxygen seizures. In rats placed in a pressure chamber\u0000under an oxygen pressure of 5 ATA, convulsive reactions were analyzed\u0000after the administration of pyrazidol, an MAO-A inhibitor, and pargyline,\u0000an MAO-B inhibitor. Studies have shown a decrease in the activity\u0000of MAO isoforms in HBO₂ as well as a delay\u0000in the development of seizures in animals with inhibition of MAO-A\u0000and MAO-B. The level of GABA in the brain decreased with HBO₂,\u0000and inhibition of MAO-B with pargyline prevented the decrease in\u0000the inhibitory transmitter. The results indicate that MAO isoforms\u0000play an important role in regulating epileptogenesis in extreme\u0000hyperoxia. Hyperbaric oxygen, inhibiting the catalytic activity\u0000of MAO by transforming its molecular structure, leads to disruption\u0000of the regulation of the exchange of monoamine neurotransmitters\u0000and a decrease in the level of GABA in the brain, which together\u0000leads to an imbalance of excitation/inhibition processes in the\u0000central nervous system, which is the basis for the development of oxygen\u0000epilepsy.</p>","PeriodicalId":15805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142193160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disturbances of the Process of Synaptic Elimination and Its Reflection in the Wave N170 of Auditory Evoked Potential (AEP) in First Psychotic Episode of Paranoid Schizophrenia","authors":"A. Yu. Arkhipov, G. I. Rodionov, V. B. Strelets","doi":"10.1134/s0022093024040276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0022093024040276","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>In this work the response of cortical structures to auditory\u0000stimuli of different emotional significance (verbal stimuli associated\u0000with delusions and hallucinations and neutral ones) was investigated\u0000in healthy controls (<i>n</i> = 15;\u00007 males, 8 females) and in patients with paranoid schizophrenia\u0000(<i>n</i> = 24; 11 males, 13 females)\u0000in N170 component of the auditory evoked potential (AEP), participants\u0000of both groups had higher or specialized secondary education and\u0000nearly equal level of social well-being. In norm, an amplitude increase\u0000and latency shortening of N170 wave in the right central-parietal\u0000region for emotionally significant stimuli was found, which means\u0000the greater level of cortical activation for this type of stimuli.\u0000Along with the general decrease in cortical activation peculiar\u0000to paranoid schizophrenia patients, which is well known in scientific\u0000literature in this ERP component, our study revealed a simultaneous\u0000increase in both ERP parameters- amplitude and latency in frontal\u0000areas and their decrease in central and temporal areas- a phenomenon\u0000that we called the paradox effect (PE). PE in patients develops\u0000in response to emotionally significant verbal stimuli, which in\u0000norm cause increased activation. Thus, the study confirms our hypothesis\u0000that PEs are found on auditory ERPs as well as on visual ERPs, which\u0000we found earlier in previous studies. The fact that PE is observed\u0000at the N170 wave of the auditory evoked potential (AEP), i.e., at\u0000the same second perceptual stage as in the visual (VEP), may indicate that\u0000this response appears to be general principle for all modalities.\u0000However, because the auditory stimulus is shorter and more compact\u0000than the image, the response is earlier. In this regard, the PE\u0000to the auditory stimulus develops on N170 wave, whereas in visual\u0000modality it develops on later P200 component. Thus, in schizophrenia,\u0000a “conflict” between excitation and inhibition is detected already\u0000by 170 ms after stimulus presentation in response to significant\u0000stimuli, resulting in the PEs development. The identity of PEs detected\u0000in schizophrenia on VEP and AEP is also evidenced by the data on\u0000the similar character of cortical excitation with simultaneous increase\u0000or decrease of both N170 parameters. It is supposed that the revealed\u0000violation reflects the pathological process of synapse elimination\u0000peculiar to schizophrenia, which results in an excess of synapses\u0000in frontal areas combined with their deficit in central cortical\u0000areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":15805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142193254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spontaneous Tonic Activity Revealed in Rat Soleus Muscle by CLP290, a Novel Spinal Cord Potassium-Chloride Cotransporter Activator, during Hindlimb Suspension","authors":"V. E. Kalashnikov, K. V. Sergeeva, O. V. Turtikova, S. A. Tyganov, T. M. Mirzoev, B. S. Shenkman","doi":"10.1134/s002209302404032x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s002209302404032x","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The electromyographic activity of the soleus muscle is a reliable\u0000indicator of its functional status. Support unloading causes an\u0000immediate cessation of electrical activity of the soleus muscle,\u0000which resumes upon restoration of the support load. Prolonged support\u0000unloading, however, results in the emergence of spontaneous electrical\u0000activity of the soleus muscle. Previous research has established\u0000a correlation between this activity and the presence of the potassium-chloride\u0000cotransporter (KCC2) on the membranes of spinal cord motor neurons.\u0000It has also been demonstrated that the administration of the KCC2\u0000activator prochlorperazine can eliminate spontaneous soleus muscle\u0000activity. Here, we aimed to investigate the effect of CLP290, an\u0000alternative KCC2 activator, on the spontaneous tonic activity of the\u0000rat soleus muscle. The results indicated that daily administration\u0000of CLP290 to rats during a 14-day period of hindlimb suspension\u0000prevented the reduction in KCC2 levels in lumbar spinal cord motor neurons\u0000and the increase in soleus muscle spontaneous tonic activity. Notably,\u0000there were no significant differences in the cross-sectional area\u0000of slow-type fibers between the antiorthostatic suspension groups with\u0000and without CLP290 administration.</p>","PeriodicalId":15805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142193260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Genetic Markers of Neuroglia in Traumatic Brain Injury and Their Use for the Functional Assessment of Sportsmen","authors":"A. V. Cherepanova, Yu. R. Bravy, A. V. Karabelsky, M. M. Kotova, A. S. Shcherbakova, K. V. Apukhtin, V. S. Nikitin, M. Yu. Bobrov, A. V. Kalueff","doi":"10.1134/s0022093024040185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0022093024040185","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Neuroglia performs multiple important physiological functions,\u0000including maintenance of brain homeostasis and metabolism, neuroprotection\u0000and modulation of neurotransmission. Studying the role of neuroglia\u0000is essential for understanding the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative\u0000diseases, as well as nervous tissue repair in inflammation or traumatic\u0000brain injuries, not infrequent in sports. However, it is difficult\u0000to analyze the processes occurring in neuroglial cells because of\u0000their high heterogeneity and no system of biomarkers allowing unambiguous\u0000assessment of the nervous system’s functional state as a whole.\u0000Here we analyze the data on clinically and biologically significant\u0000molecular genetic markers of different types of neuroglia and discuss\u0000the prospects for their use in sports physiology, including the functional\u0000assessment of athletes with TBI of varying severity and other types\u0000of sports-related traumas.</p>","PeriodicalId":15805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142193329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Forced Swimming on the Performance of the “Water Escape Test”","authors":"M. A. Tur, I. V. Belozertseva","doi":"10.1134/s0022093024040318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0022093024040318","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Housing conditions and prior life experiences are known to\u0000affect animal behavior and brain regions that regulate important\u0000neural and physiological functions, such as memory and stress responses. Stressors\u0000of low to moderate intensity can provide an enriched environment\u0000and promote cognitive functions. In contrast, exposures of excessive\u0000severity and/or duration can lead to maladaptation and distress,\u0000altering cognitive functions. Such excessive stressors can thus\u0000be used to model pathological conditions and test diverse therapeutic\u0000approaches. In this study, we addressed whether inescapable exposure\u0000of rats to aversive water environment of the “forced swim test”\u0000would interfere with their cognitive performance on the subsequent\u0000“water escape” test. The data show that a single exposure to a 15-min\u0000forced swim session interferes significantly with the ability to\u0000escape the water environment. This is manifested by a significant\u0000increase in the latency of diving under the cylinder and a reduction\u0000in the proportion of rats capable of completing the test task during\u0000the initial session. Additionally, there is a lack of development\u0000in diving skills during repeated sessions at 15-minute intervals.\u0000These negative effects can persist for at least 2 weeks. The use\u0000of the “forced swim” procedure prior to the “water escape” test\u0000may, therefore, provide a novel experimental approach to modeling\u0000stress-induced cognitive dysfunctions and evaluating the effects\u0000of pharmacological agents with potential antidepressant and procognitive\u0000properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":15805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142193259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic Consequences of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Their Impact on Hepatic Function in High Fat Diet-Fed Rats: Potential Role of Moderate Intensity Exercise","authors":"G. M. Hamed, D. A. Abou-Bakr, N. K. M. Saleh, M. I. M. Elshishiny, W. E. Morsy","doi":"10.1134/s0022093024040124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0022093024040124","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\"&gt;Abstract&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with a heightened\u0000risk for various metabolic comorbidities, including glucose intolerance,\u0000type II diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia, metabolic syndrome, hepatic\u0000steatosis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) Objectives:\u0000the current study aims to elucidate the metabolic consequences of\u0000PCOS, with a particular focus on insulin resistance and dyslipidaemia,\u0000and their impact on hepatic function, with or without high fat diet\u0000feeding, and to investigate the potential therapeutic role of moderate-intensity\u0000exercise in mitigating these PCOS-associated metabolic and hepatic\u0000complications. For this, 55 adult female Wistar albino rats were\u0000divided into 5 equal groups: Control group, polycystic ovary syndrome\u0000group (PCO), high fat diet fed polycystic ovary syndrome group (HF-PCO),\u0000exercise-treated polycystic ovary syndrome group (PCO-EX), and high\u0000fat diet fed exercise-treated polycystic ovary syndrome group (HF-PCO-EX).\u0000At the end of the study period (8 weeks), anthropometric measures\u0000were taken. Insulin resistance, lipid profile and liver enzymes\u0000activity were also assessed and serum estradiol, testosterone, luteinizing\u0000hormone (LH), resistin and adiponectin levels were measured. Histopathological\u0000examination of ovarian and hepatic tissues was also performed. The\u0000results obtained demonstrated that glycaemic parameters significantly\u0000implied insulin resistance which was associated with a significant\u0000increase in serum triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low\u0000density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and atherogenic index (AI).\u0000On the other hand, there was a significant decrease in high density\u0000lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels in the PCO and HF-PCO compared\u0000to the control group. Also, the activity levels of serum alanine\u0000aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma\u0000glutamyl transferase (GGT) as well as serum concentration of testosterone,\u0000LH and resistin were all significantly increased while serum concentration of\u0000estradiol, adiponectin and adiponectin/resistin ratio (A/R) were\u0000significantly decreased. Swimming exercise was able to reduce serum\u0000testosterone and LH concentration levels and to elevate serum estradiol\u0000concentration and to improve all the metabolic parameters compared\u0000to their corresponding non-exercised groups through reduction of\u0000the proinflammatory cytokine resistin and elevation of adiponectin\u0000and A/R ratio. Histopathological analysis corroborated these findings\u0000revealing minimal inflammatory infiltration, apoptosis, and steatosis\u0000in the livers of exercised animals. These data allowed us to conclude\u0000that moderate intensity exercise notably improved insulin resistance\u0000and lipid metabolism, and mitigated hepatic effects through reducing\u0000the activity of liver enzymes and the levels of inflammatory cytokines,\u0000potentially preventing the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver\u0000disease (NAFLD) in PCOS rats, reg","PeriodicalId":15805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142193157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Correlations between Behavioral Parameters in the Elevated Plus Maze and the Levels of Interleukin-1beta in Blood Plasma in Rats","authors":"N. P. Komysheva, G. T. Shishkina, A. I. Mukhamadeeva, N. N. Dygalo","doi":"10.1134/s0022093024040227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0022093024040227","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Peripheral cytokines may influence psychoemotional behavior,\u0000but the role of interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) in altering anxiety\u0000and motor activity in response to inflammatory activation remains\u0000unclear. To clarify this issue, correlations between behavioral\u0000parameters in the elevated plus maze (EPM) test and plasma levels\u0000of IL-1beta after administration of the proinflammatory stimulus\u0000lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in different modes were analyzed in adult\u0000male rats. LPS in doses of 0.5 or 5 mg/kg, as well as physiological\u0000solution (control), were administered to rats intraperitoneally.\u0000The most pronounced behavioral effect 24 hours after a single injection\u0000was an endotoxin dose-dependent inhibition of the animals’ motor\u0000activity. Twenty four hours after the 5 mg/kg, an increased anxiety\u0000behavior was also observed. The behavioral changes caused by the\u0000high dose of endotoxin were completely normalized after a week.\u0000The behavior of the animals one day after the end of repeated injections\u0000of LPS at a lower dose for a week (0.5 mg/kg; once every two days)\u0000also did not differ from the control. The inhibition of motor activity\u0000after LPS could be due to an increase in the level of IL-1beta in\u0000the blood plasma, as indicated by the identified significant negative\u0000correlations between IL-1beta and the corresponding behavioral parameters.\u0000No significant correlation was found between the peripheral level\u0000of IL-1beta and such a classic indicator of anxiety as the percentage\u0000of entries into the open arms of the maze. In general, the obtained\u0000results allow us to conclude that IL-1beta is an undoubted participant\u0000in the mechanism of the transient inhibitory effect of LPS on motor\u0000activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":15805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142193134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Micropreparative Cell Lysate Fractionation in Studying the Effect of Natural Killer Cells on Phenotype, Migration and Apoptosis of Trophoblast Cells in vitro","authors":"A. V. Korenevsky, Yu. P. Milyutina, S. K. Bochkovsky, A. A. Oshkolova, O. N. Bespalova, S. A. Selkov, D. I. Sokolov","doi":"10.1134/s0022093024040100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0022093024040100","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Natural killer (NK) cells are a population of innate immune\u0000cells that have cytotoxic functions and are involved in protecting\u0000the body from viruses and transformed cells. Placental development\u0000is largely determined by the interaction of decidual NK cells and\u0000trophoblast cells. During pregnancy, NK cells accumulate around\u0000trophoblast cells, while regulating trophoblast proliferation, migration\u0000and invasion through the secretion of cytokines and growth factors.\u0000The trophoblast, in turn, secretes chemokines and expresses ligands\u0000for NK cell adhesion receptors. Thus, functional regulation of trophoblast\u0000and NK cells is reciprocal. Despite intensive research, the role\u0000of NK cells and methods for correcting their functional activity\u0000in reproduction remain controversial. The aim of this study was\u0000to assess the effect of NK cell lysate protein fractions on the\u0000phenotype, migration and apoptosis of trophoblast cells in an in\u0000vitro model experiment, using a new methodological approach. Chromatographic\u0000separation yielded six fractions with different protein cargoes.\u0000It was found that CD105 (endoglin) expression on the surface of JEG-3\u0000trophoblast cells after their cultivation in the presence of high-\u0000(&lt; 250 kDa) or low-molecular-weight (&lt; 45 kDa) fractions of\u0000NK-92 whole-cell lysate was reduced compared to spontaneous expression,\u0000with the relative count of trophoblast cells with a CD105+ phenotype\u0000being also lowered. In addition, one of the low-molecular-weight\u0000fractions decreased TRAIL-R2 receptor expression by trophoblast\u0000cells. The high-molecular-weight fractions did not enable trophoblast\u0000cells to migrate completely through a semi-permeable membrane, with\u0000the area occupied by the migrated cells not exceeding the baseline\u0000control area. Moreover, the high-molecular-weight fraction containing\u0000the TGFβ dimer increased p-SMAD2/3 level in trophoblast cells 1\u0000h after co-culture, followed by a decrease in the level of this\u0000phosphorylated form after 2 or more hours, and also elevated procaspase-3\u0000level one day after co-culture. The data obtained hypothetically\u0000reflect the possible behavior of chorion cells under the influence\u0000of collapsing NK cells in the event of their death under both normal\u0000and pathological conditions caused by viral and bacterial infections,\u0000as well as other stress factors leading to reproductive pathology.</p>","PeriodicalId":15805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142193131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Phenanthrene on Electrical Activity of Ventricular Cardiomyocytes in Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua)","authors":"T. S. Filatova, A. V. Shamshura, D. V. Abramochkin","doi":"10.1134/s0022093024040033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0022093024040033","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Oil production in the Arctic shelf and its shipping via the\u0000Northern Sea Route increase risks of pollution of Arctic ecosystems\u0000with oil and its products. Polyaromatic hydrocarbons are known to\u0000be the most toxic oil components, with phenanthrene being the most\u0000abundant among them and causing the most robust effects. Phenanthrene\u0000is known for its high toxicity for developing fish hearts, with\u0000its cardiotoxic effects being species-specific. Meanwhile, the effects\u0000of phenanthrene on cardiac function in Arctic fish, including commercially\u0000important fish species, are still poorly understood. Here, we studied the\u0000effects of phenanthrene on electrical activity and ionic currents\u0000in isolated ventricular cardiomyocytes of the Atlantic cod (<i>Gadus morhua</i>) using the patch clamp\u0000technique. The major ionic currents in cod myocardium were I_Kr,\u0000I_K1, I_Na and I_Ca.\u0000Phenanthrene at a concentration of 1 µM (1) had no effect on the\u0000duration of action potentials (APs), (2) suppressed rapid delayed\u0000rectifier K⁺ current I_Kr by\u000061.33 ± 3.94%, thus decreasing the repolarization reserve in cardiomyocytes,\u0000(3) had no effect on either the resting potential level or background\u0000inward rectifier K⁺ current (I_K1),\u0000(4) decreased AP upstroke velocity due to suppression of fast Na⁺ current\u0000(I_Na), (5) insignificantly reduced the amplitude\u0000of Ca²⁺ current (I_Ca)\u0000and accelerated its inactivation, which overall led to a decrease\u0000in I_Ca total cumulative charge transfer.\u0000Thus, the effects of phenanthrene on cod myocardium at a cellular\u0000level can be characterized as potentially proarrhythmic, which makes\u0000cod populations in the Arctic seas vulnerable to pollution of the\u0000aquatic environment with toxic oil components during oil spills\u0000in the event of man-made disasters.</p>","PeriodicalId":15805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142193132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}