{"title":"Spatial-Temporal Structure Features of Muscle Synergies during Profiling Elements Implementation in Rhythmic Gymnastics","authors":"S. A. Moiseev, S. M. Ivanov","doi":"10.1134/s0022093024030165","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The article presents an analysis of the muscle synergies involved\nin making ball throws in different directions and from different\nstarting positions. The study involved 6 highly qualified athletes\nengaged in rhythmic gymnastics. Electromyograms of the superficial\nmuscles of the upper extremities and trunk were recorded synchronously\nduring the movements, as well as video capture of the movements\nof body segments. Synergy parameters were extracted from the recorded\nsignals using factor analysis using the principal component method.\nIt has been established that individuals who have mastered a complex motor\nskill can demonstrate similar motor control strategies. This is\nmanifested in the structuring of intermuscular interaction in the\nform of two general modules, the degree of involvement of muscles\nin which is highly similar in the implementation of different motor\ntasks. The first muscle module implements active movement of the\nupper limb by jointly activating the muscles of the forearm, shoulder and\nupper shoulder girdle, and also provides stabilization of the position\nof the trunk by synchronizing the activity of the muscles of the\nback and abdomen. The second muscle module is specific and is mainly associated\nwith high involvement in the synergy of the muscles of the upper\nshoulder girdle and forearm for the implementation of exercises\nperformed without visual control, or from starting positions that limit\nthe mobility of certain parts of the body. Thus, the solution to\nthe problem of coordination of many elements of the motor system\nmay consist not only in reducing the number of executive organs—muscles involved\nin control, but also in organizing control variables in the form\nof modules at the kinematic level and their stabilization through\nmuscle synergies.</p>","PeriodicalId":15805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"2012 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0022093024030165","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The article presents an analysis of the muscle synergies involved
in making ball throws in different directions and from different
starting positions. The study involved 6 highly qualified athletes
engaged in rhythmic gymnastics. Electromyograms of the superficial
muscles of the upper extremities and trunk were recorded synchronously
during the movements, as well as video capture of the movements
of body segments. Synergy parameters were extracted from the recorded
signals using factor analysis using the principal component method.
It has been established that individuals who have mastered a complex motor
skill can demonstrate similar motor control strategies. This is
manifested in the structuring of intermuscular interaction in the
form of two general modules, the degree of involvement of muscles
in which is highly similar in the implementation of different motor
tasks. The first muscle module implements active movement of the
upper limb by jointly activating the muscles of the forearm, shoulder and
upper shoulder girdle, and also provides stabilization of the position
of the trunk by synchronizing the activity of the muscles of the
back and abdomen. The second muscle module is specific and is mainly associated
with high involvement in the synergy of the muscles of the upper
shoulder girdle and forearm for the implementation of exercises
performed without visual control, or from starting positions that limit
the mobility of certain parts of the body. Thus, the solution to
the problem of coordination of many elements of the motor system
may consist not only in reducing the number of executive organs—muscles involved
in control, but also in organizing control variables in the form
of modules at the kinematic level and their stabilization through
muscle synergies.
期刊介绍：
Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology publishes original experimental and theoretical and review articles related to evolution of the main forms of metabolism in connection with life origin; comparative and ontogenetic physiology and biochemistry, biochemical evolution of animal world; as well as evolution of functions; morphology, pharmacology, pathophysiology and ecological physiology. The journal welcomes manuscripts from all countries in the English or Russian language.
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