Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology最新文献

{"title":"Impaired Tissue Content of Iron and Zinc in Mice with Growing Hepatoma 22A and Its Correction with Zinc Sulfate Supplementation","authors":"E. A. Zelenskyi, K. V. Rutto, A. S. Trulioff, D. N. Magazenkova, A. V. Sokolov, E. P. Kisseleva","doi":"10.1134/s0022093024040240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0022093024040240","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The growth of many tumors is known to induce iron and zinc\u0000deficiency in the body. Here, we studied the tissue content of iron\u0000and zinc, as well as the specific activity of two antioxidant metalloenzymes, catalase\u0000(CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), in three distant organs (thymus,\u0000liver and spleen) of mice bearing transplantable hepatoma 22a. The\u0000revealed alterations in the metal content were compared to changes\u0000in organ weights. On day 21 of tumor growth, the non-heme iron content\u0000was decreased in all three organs, while that of zinc in the thymus\u0000only, as compared to controls. CAT and SOD specific activities were\u0000increased in the thymus, while SOD activity was decreased in the\u0000liver. At the same time point, thymic involution and splenomegaly\u0000were observed to develop. In an attempt to normalize metal content,\u0000hepatoma 22a-bearing mice were supplemented with zinc sulfate (22\u0000µg/mL in drinking water) for 3 weeks. Zinc sulfate supplementation\u0000partly compensated for zinc deficiency in the thymus, increased\u0000zinc content in the liver, and restored iron content in all three\u0000organs. It also normalized SOD activity in the liver, while having\u0000no effect on both enzymes in other organs. Zinc supplementation\u0000did not influence splenic and hepatic weights, but prevented the\u0000development of thymic involution. At the same time, the deficiency\u0000of both metals in the thymus was restored, while the activity of\u0000antioxidant enzymes remained unchanged. It was concluded that thymic\u0000involution during hepatoma 22a growth in mice was due to iron and\u0000zinc deficiency in this organ, but not to the activity of antioxidant\u0000enzymes, whereas splenomegaly was not associated with either. Thus,\u0000zinc sulphate exerts a positive effect on metabolism of two vital\u0000trace elements, zinc and iron, in mice bearing hepatoma 22a, preserving\u0000the thymus as a central immune organ and, at the same time, improving\u0000the antioxidant system of the liver.</p>","PeriodicalId":15805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142193165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intranasal Administration of GRP78 Protein (HSPA5) Counteracts the Neurodegeneration in the Locus Coeruleus in a Model of Chronic Sleep Restriction in Rats","authors":"M. B. Pazi, I. V. Ekimova","doi":"10.1134/s002209302404029x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s002209302404029x","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Chronic sleep restriction (SR) (sleep less than 6 hours per\u0000day) due to the workload and a decrease in sleep quality is an endemic\u0000disease in modern society. Chronic sleep deprivation causes serious neuropsychiatric\u0000disfunctions associated with irreversible neurodegenerative changes\u0000in the brain. The search for pharmacological agents that can reduce\u0000the risk of neurodegeneration as a result of chronic sleep loss\u0000is a pressing issue for biomedicine. Intranasal administration of\u0000glucose-regulated 78 kDa heat shock protein (GRP78) has a neuroprotective\u0000effect in a rat model of Parkinson’s disease (PD). The neuroprotective\u0000potential of intranasally administered GRP78 in chronic SR has not\u0000been previously studied. The aim of the present study was to find\u0000out whether preventive intranasal administration of GRP78 is able\u0000to weaken and/or stop the process of neurodegeneration in the locus\u0000coeruleus in the rat model of chronic SR. The study was conducted\u0000on 6 months old male Wistar rats. For SR, a validated method of\u0000a oscillating platform was used: 3 hours of sleep deprivation and\u00001 hour of rest continuously for 5 days. Recombinant human protein\u0000GRP78 was administered intranasally two days before the start of\u0000SR and during 5 days of SR. Cellular and molecular changes in the\u0000locus coeruleus during SR and during the administration of GRP78\u0000were studied using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. It was\u0000shown that chronic SR leads to the degeneration of 31% of noradrenergic\u0000neurons in the locus coeruleus, that is associated with an increase\u0000in the levels of activated caspases-3 and -9. This indicates the\u0000development of apoptosis along the mitochondrial pathway. No signs\u0000of reactive microgliosis were found in the model of chronic SR in\u0000rats. We have demonstrated that intranasally administered GRP78 penetrates\u0000and accumulates in the neurons of the locus coeruleus, GRP78 counteracts\u0000the death of neurons via the apoptosis pathway. The data obtained\u0000allows to consider GRP78 as a potential neuroprotective agent for\u0000the prevention of pathological consequences of chronic SR.</p>","PeriodicalId":15805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"83 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142193255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of the Nucleus Raphe Magnus Stimulation on Nociceptive Neurons of the Rat Caudal Ventrolateral Medulla in Normal Conditions and after Intestinal Inflammation","authors":"B. M. Sushkevich, I. B. Sivachenko, O. A. Lyubashina","doi":"10.1134/s002209302404015x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s002209302404015x","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The nucleus raphe magnus (RMg) is a key structure of the endogenous\u0000antinociceptive system, the activity of which is regulated by serotonin\u00005-HT1A receptors. A recipient of the RMg descending projections\u0000is the caudal ventrolateral medulla (cVLM)—the first supraspinal\u0000center for processing visceral and somatic pain signals. Intestinal\u0000pathology is known to cause persistent functional alterations in\u0000the RMg, which are associated with the development of visceral and\u0000somatic hyperalgesia. Presumably, a consequence of the alterations\u0000may be changes in the RMg modulating effects on cVLM nociceptive\u0000activity. However, the specific neuronal and molecular mechanisms\u0000underlying such influence in normal conditions, as well as their\u0000changes in pathology remain unexplored. The aim of our neurophysiological\u0000experiments performed in anesthetized adult male Wistar rats was\u0000to compare the effects of RMg electrical stimulation on the activity\u0000of cVLM neurons evoked by visceral (colorectal distension, CRD)\u0000and somatic (tail squeezing) pain stimulations that occur in normal\u0000conditions and after intestinal inflammation (colitis), with an\u0000assessment of the contribution to these processes of the supraspinal\u00005-HT1A receptor activation with intracerebroventricular buspirone.\u0000It has been shown that RMg can exert an inhibitory effect on both\u0000non-selective and differential responses of the cVLM neurons to\u0000diverse pain stimuli, causing a weakening of excitatory neuronal\u0000reactions and an increase in inhibitory responses to CRD while inhibiting\u0000both types of reactions to tail squeezing. The RMg-evoked suppression\u0000of nociceptive excitation in the caudal medullary neurons is enhanced\u0000under activation of supraspinal 5-HT1A receptors by buspirone. It\u0000has been established that in postcolitis period the RMg inhibitory\u0000action on different populations of cVLM neurons are significantly\u0000diminished, indicating an impairment of the nucleus’ antinociceptive\u0000function. In these conditions, the RMg descending influence loses\u0000its 5-HT1A receptor-dependent component. The changes described may\u0000contribute to the supraspinal mechanisms underlying pathogenesis\u0000of post-inflammatory abdominal pain and comorbid somatic hyperalgesia.</p>","PeriodicalId":15805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"163 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142193159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Active Avoidance Learning in Rats with Different Audiogenic Epilepsy Proneness","authors":"N. M. Surina, I. B. Fedotova, I. I. Poletaeva","doi":"10.1134/s0022093024040239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0022093024040239","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Learning difficulties are a fairly common comorbid complication\u0000in patients diagnosed with epilepsy. The relationship between the\u0000predisposition to epilepsy and the ability to learn is an important\u0000problem. The aim of the study was to analyze how the learning capacity\u0000differs in rats with different predispositions to reflex audiogenic\u0000epilepsy (AE). The success of active avoidance (AAC) conditioning\u0000in the shuttle box in rats of 3 strains was evaluated. These were\u0000rats predisposed to audiogenic epilepsy—the Krushinsky–Molodkina\u0000strain (KM), strain “4” (selected from a population of F2 hybrids\u0000of the KM strain and AE non-prone Wistars) and rats of “0” strain,\u0000selected for the absence of AE from the same population (i.e. these\u0000strains differ radically in AE-proneness, but have a similar genetic\u0000background). The training was conducted continuously for 5 days\u0000(20 presentations per day). Experiments have shown significantly\u0000more successful acquisition of this skill in rats of the “0” strain:\u0000in total, 75% of animals reached the learning criteria for 5 days\u0000of AAC training (70% AAC per day). The “4” strain rats indices were\u0000intermediate—41.7%, and only 1 from the 12 rats of the KM strain\u0000(8.3%) acquired the task according to this protocol. Thus, it was\u0000possible to identify more successful learning in rats, selected\u0000for the absence of AE seizures (strain “0”) compared to rats of\u0000the KM and “4” strains (expressing tonic seizures of maximum intensity\u0000in response to sound exposure). The weakest acquisition was revealed\u0000in the KM strain, in which the selection process duration for AE\u0000proneness was significantly longer than in the rats of the “4” strain.</p>","PeriodicalId":15805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142193251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Augmented Cortisol and Antiglucocorticoid Therapy in Mood Disorders: the Hippocampus as a Potential Drug Target","authors":"N. V. Gulyaeva","doi":"10.1134/s0022093024040203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0022093024040203","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The pathophysiology of many mood disorders is closely related\u0000to abnormal stress response associated with the dysfunction of the\u0000hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis and cortisol overproduction. The\u0000hippocampus, a key structure of the limbic system responsible for\u0000both cognitive and emotional spheres, is selectively vulnerable\u0000to excess of glucocorticoids (GCs) inducing neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration.\u0000The antiGC therapy of psychiatric diseases, in particular depressive\u0000disorders, may be a useful additional treatment. Among other approaches,\u0000targeting glucocorticoid receptors, abounded in the hippocampus,\u0000is regarded as highly promising. However, though the preclinical\u0000data provide fairly firm evidence to the concept of antiGC therapy\u0000for stress-related diseases, clinical studies still are at the proof-of-concept\u0000stage. Noteworthy, chronic GC excess is associated not only with\u0000mood diseases, but also with cognitive decline, metabolic disorders,\u0000diabetes. Potentially, antiGC (HPA axis modifying) therapy may alleviate\u0000affective symptoms, cognitive disturbances, GC and insulin resistance\u0000and adverse side effects of conventional drugs through beneficial\u0000effects on the hippocampus mitigating its dysfunction and neurodegeneration,\u0000neuroinflammation, and impairment of neurogenesis. Since stress/GC-associated\u0000neuroinflammation-mediated pathology of the limbic system and, specifically,\u0000the hippocampus, is a general feature typical for many brain diseases,\u0000the concept of antiGC therapy may be extended, tested and validated\u0000in a wider spectrum of cerebral pathologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":15805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142193163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EEG Sensorimotor Rhythms Dynamics in Children with Cerebral Palsy during the Course of Neurorehabilitation, Depending in the Success of Their Imagination of Movements","authors":"V. B. Pavlenko, S. V. Vlasenko, E. N. Chuyan, A. I. Kaida, L. S. Orekhova, E. A. Birukova, D. V. Pavlenko, S. E. Tataris","doi":"10.1134/s0022093024040288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0022093024040288","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>An analysis of changes in sensorimotor rhythms of the electroencephalogram\u0000(EEG) and features of the restoration of motor functions during\u0000a course of neurorehabilitation using a non-invasive brain-computer-hand\u0000exoskeleton interface was carried out in 50 children aged 7–15 years\u0000of both sexes suffering from cerebral palsy (CP). EEG was recorded\u0000in 32 leads under conditions of rest and kinesthetic imagination\u0000of hand extension movements. Depending on the success of the classifier program\u0000in determining imaginary states based on the EEG pattern, the children\u0000were divided into two groups—with high and low success when imagining\u0000movements. In children of the studied groups, when undergoing a\u0000course of neurorehabilitation, differences were revealed in the\u0000nature of changes in EEG amplitude in the sensorimotor mu (8–13\u0000Hz) and beta (15–25 Hz) rhythms frequency ranges. When imagining\u0000movements of the right hand, intergroup differences for the mu rhythm\u0000reached the level of statistical significance in the medial electrodes\u0000of the fronto-central and parietal areas of the neocortex, for the\u0000beta rhythm—in the medial lead of the parietal region. Children\u0000in the group with high success showed a decrease or slight increase\u0000in the amplitude of the mu- and beta rhythm in these brain areas\u0000at the last session of the course compared to the first. We hypothesize\u0000that children in this group are not only better able to kinesthetically\u0000imagine movements throughout the course of neurorehabilitation,\u0000but also, based on feedback signals, learn to effectively adjust\u0000their strategies for movement imagination. Children in the group\u0000with low success showed an increase in the amplitude of sensorimotor\u0000rhythms in these brain areas, indicating the development of inhibition\u0000in the frontoparietal motor network. Patients, whose conditions\u0000were determined more accurately by the classifier, achieved higher\u0000rates of motor rehabilitation. The results of the study are important\u0000for clarifying the brain mechanisms of motor functions restoration\u0000in patients with cerebral palsy under the influence of a course\u0000of neurorehabilitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":15805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142193256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breeding of the Cairo Spiny Mouse (Acomys cahirinus) in Laboratory Conditions","authors":"P. Yu. Shkorbatova, A. A. Veshchitskii, A. A. Mikhalkin, N. I. Nikitina, A. V. Belyaev, N. S. Merkulyeva","doi":"10.1134/s0022093024040082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0022093024040082","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The Cairo spiny mouse (<i>Acomys cahirinus</i>)\u0000is a unique animal model for studying ontogenesis and regeneration.\u0000Meanwhile, some peculiarities of its biology, specifically, low\u0000fecundity and hence the small litter size, significantly complicate\u0000experimental research. This work was aimed to study <i>A. cahirinus</i> behavior and reproduction\u0000and to create a breeding colony in laboratory conditions. Here, we\u0000describe the specific features of <i>A. cahirinus</i> colony\u0000maintenance and management, including some handling and experimental\u0000techniques, methods of nutritional and housing optimization, as\u0000well as of animal marking for individual identification. Some reproductive\u0000indices of <i>A. cahirinus</i> colony\u0000are also provided. We modified the animal diet by supplementing\u0000it with dried arthropods, an important component of the <i>A. cahirinus</i> natural diet, and created\u0000environmental enrichment conditions by placing running wheels, tunnels\u0000and huts into each cage. Our efforts yielded more than a 50% increase\u0000in <i>A. cahirinus</i> population\u0000over 9 months and a 98% overall survival rate of its offspring.</p>","PeriodicalId":15805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142193128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparative Study of the Temperature Coefficient Q10 in Hibernating Ground Squirrels Urocitellus undulatus and Cooled Rats of Different Ages","authors":"N. M. Zakharova, Yu. S. Tarahovsky, M. O. Khrenov","doi":"10.1134/s0022093024040148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0022093024040148","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The temperature coefficients of heart rate (<i>Q10</i>\u0000_HR) or\u0000oxygen consumption (<i>Q10</i>\u0000_Ox)\u0000were analyzed upon arousal from natural hibernation in long-tailed\u0000ground squirrels <i>Urocitellus undulatus</i> and\u0000during the rewarming of artificially precooled adult rats and rat\u0000pups. The <i>Q10</i>\u0000_Ox value\u0000was calculated using a standard equation, whereas for calculating <i>Q10</i>\u0000_HR, the\u0000equation was empirically modified to track changes in this parameter\u0000over a wide range of body temperatures (<i>T</i>\u0000_b).\u0000It was found that during the initial period of arousal from torpor,\u0000at <i>T</i>\u0000_h ≤\u000010°C, ground squirrels demonstrated a sharp increase in the temperature\u0000coefficients up to <i>Q10</i>\u0000_HR =\u000040–50 and <i>Q10</i>\u0000_Ox =\u00006–7. Even higher values of <i>Q10</i>\u0000_HR (&gt;100) were\u0000recorded at the onset of rewarming of rat pups, although they had\u0000a low level of <i>Q10</i>\u0000_Ox (1.2).\u0000Adult rats could not tolerate cooling below 16°C and demonstrated\u0000a moderate variability of both <i>Q10</i>\u0000_HR = 2.0–4.0\u0000and <i>Q10</i>\u0000_Ox =\u00002.0–2.2. During the recovery of normal <i>T</i>\u0000_b,\u0000the <i>Q10</i>\u0000_HR values\u0000in all animals approximated to ~2.0, as predicted by the van’t Hoff–Arrhenius\u0000rule for chemical reactions in both living and inanimate nature.\u0000We assume that high values of <i>Q10</i>\u0000_HR and <i>Q10</i>\u0000_Ox, detected\u0000in the early period of ground squirrel’s arousal from hibernation,\u0000may indicate the functioning of adaptive processes aimed at accelerating\u0000body warming. Resistance to cooling and a high <i>Q10</i>\u0000_HR in\u0000rat pups may suggest the rudimentary adaptability to hibernation\u0000in the juvenile period of rats as representatives of the order Rodentia,\u0000which also includes such natural hibernators as ground squirrels.</p>","PeriodicalId":15805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142193158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Body Size Influence on Respiration Rate and Mitochondrial Metrics in Mytilus edulis L. Gill Tissue","authors":"A. Sukhotin, N. Alekseeva, M. Gerasimova, A. Kovalev","doi":"10.1134/s0022093024040112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0022093024040112","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Metabolic rate is a crucial trait shaping organismal physiology,\u0000adaptability, and ecological roles, with extensive studies on its\u0000allometric relationship with body size. Larger organisms have lower\u0000mass-specific metabolic rates, a pattern observed across taxa and\u0000ontogeny. Despite numerous hypotheses, no universally accepted theory\u0000exists on the biological mechanisms of metabolic allometry, particularly\u0000for suborganism-level. We investigated the relationship between\u0000body size and metabolic rate as well as mitochondrial characteristics\u0000in isolated gill tissue of the marine mussel <i>Mytilus edulis</i>. Results indicated that metabolic allometry patterns\u0000observed at the organismal level did not manifest at the tissue level.\u0000Our study also revealed that while the density of mitochondria in\u0000gill tissue did not differ significantly between large and small\u0000individuals, area and perimeter of mitochondrial cross-sections increased\u0000significantly with body mass. This finding contrasts with mammalian\u0000data, suggesting potential phylogenetic differences. Larger mussels\u0000exhibited higher mitochondrial activity, supporting a link between\u0000mitochondrial morphology, activity, and growth rates. Our results\u0000highlight the importance of mitochondria in mollusk metabolism and\u0000growth, warranting further exploration into the mechanisms translating\u0000mitochondrial characteristics into growth rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":15805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142193162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitochondrial Dynamics and Metabolic Remodeling in a Xenograft of Human iPSC-Derived Neural Precursors","authors":"D. N. Voronkov, A. V. Egorova, E. N. Fedorova, A. V. Stavrovskaya, O. S. Lebedeva, A. S. Olshanskiy, V. V. Podoprigora, V. S. Sukhorukov","doi":"10.1134/s0022093024030062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0022093024030062","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Regulation of mitochondrial functions impacts on neuronal\u0000differentiation and maturation. Studying these processes is of both\u0000fundamental and practical importance for regenerative neurobiology.\u0000This work was aimed to characterize the changes in mitochondrial\u0000fission and their link with the activation of oxidative phosphorylation\u0000(metabolic switch) during the maturation of human induced pluripotent\u0000stem cell (iPSC)-derived neural progenitors xenografted in the rat\u0000striatum. Wistar rats (<i>n</i> =\u000015) were unilaterally injected into the caudate nucleus with neural\u0000precursors derived from the human iPSCs. Changes in the localization\u0000and expression of neuronal differentiation markers, such as nestin,\u0000NeuN, neuron-specific enolase, mitochondrial outer membrane protein,\u0000ATP synthase, and mitochondrial fission protein Drp1, were assessed\u0000by immunostaining. Measurements of grafted cells were performed\u00002 weeks, 3 and 6 months after surgery. The maturation of grafted\u0000neurons was associated with fluctuations in morphometric parameters\u0000of the mitochondrial fraction and Drp1 levels. An increase in mitochondrial\u0000fission was detected 3 months after grafting, preceded by an increase\u0000in ATP synthase level by month 6 and switching grafted neurons to\u0000oxidative phosphorylation. The experiment revealed a link between\u0000mitochondrial dynamics and changes in the metabolic profile and\u0000maturation of grafted neurons. The regulation of mitochondrial dynamics\u0000may have future implications for developing methods to improve the\u0000integration of grafted neurons into recipient brain structures.</p>","PeriodicalId":15805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141522285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}