The Synergistic Trio of Metabolic Master Regulators Sustaining a Vicious Circle of Pathological Processes in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

Abstract

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a maladaptive response to the exposure of an extraordinary-intensity stressor. The animal and human body responds to any external challenges at the systemic, organismal and cellular levels. In stress-sensitive individuals, the collaboration of stress-implementing and stress-limiting systems is compromised, causing the transformation of behavior, cognitive abilities and other functions of the central nervous system. It is commonly accepted now that changes in the abundance and repertoire of the intestinal microbiota play an important role in the pathogenesis of PTSD. In this regard, the methods of improving the microflora are high on the agenda. Analyzing the literature data, we came to the conclusion that metabolic, somatic and mental health largely depends on the coordinated functioning of the key interdependent metabolic components: hepatobiliary system, intestinal microbiota and, as we believe, the state of mast cells. Close scrutiny of the interplay of these components will help identify new therapeutic targets and the most effective methods to treat PTSD.