Iranian journal of veterinary research最新文献

{"title":"A biomechanical study of a novel multi axial circular external fixation device for stabilization of a bovine cadaveric tibial fracture gap model.","authors":"K S Kamalesh Kumar, Rohit Kumar, T Sai Kumar, B P Singh, A C Saxena, Amarpal, A M Pawde, D Thakur","doi":"10.22099/ijvr.2025.51532.7656","DOIUrl":"10.22099/ijvr.2025.51532.7656","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Circular external fixators are widely used in orthopaedic fracture management but often face limitations in complex fractures due to their rigid structure. The multi axial circular external fixator offers increased flexibility and adjustability, making it a promising alternative for cases involving anatomical variability.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The present study aimed to compare the biomechanical properties, including stiffness and strength, of a novel multi-axial circular fixator (MCEF) with a traditional full-ring circular external fixator (CEF) using buffalo tibia fracture model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study used eighteen buffalo tibiae divided into three groups: intact bones, CEF, and MCEF constructs. Each construct was subjected to axial compression and torsion tests. The constructs were subjected to loads until failure, and load-displacement curves were generated for each sample. Axial compression and torsion tests were performed to evaluate the biomechanical performance of both fixators. Mechanical parameters such as stress, stiffness, yield load, resilience energy, failure load, and maximum torque were measured and analysed. Appropriate statistical tests were performed to compare between groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CEF demonstrated higher stiffness in axial compression and bending as compared with MCEF, which showed greater flexibility under both axial and torsional loads. MCEF, however, provided enhanced multi-planar adaptability, making it better suited for fractures in anatomically variable regions. In torsion, CEF exhibited higher maximum torque and torsional strength.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CEF provided greater axial and bending stiffness. The MCEF design allows flexibility and adaptability providing better optimization of fracture stabilization in complex fracture patterns, making it a viable alternative in large animal fracture management.</p>","PeriodicalId":14629,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of veterinary research","volume":"26 3","pages":"287-297"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13378035/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148678678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of normal ophthalmic parameters and fundoscopic images along with the comparison of two methods of A-mode ocular ultrasonographic biometry and intraocular pressure in healthy working canines.","authors":"A Nema, S Purohit, R P Pandey, V Nema, V K Vijay","doi":"10.22099/ijvr.2025.49696.7451","DOIUrl":"10.22099/ijvr.2025.49696.7451","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Working canines play a very important role in assisting forces by uncovering evidences that might be missed by the human eye. To date, there is no published data on normal ophthalmological parameters for working dogs.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aims to document normal reference ranges of ophthalmological parameters and blood pressure (BP). Additionally, the study compared the two methods of intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement and A-scan biometry, and assess correlations between IOP to both systolic blood pressure and axial globe length.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was conducted on 18 dogs of Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB), Alwar (Rajasthan), aged 3.5-6 years, which were divided into three breed-specific groups, i.e., group 1 (Belgian Shepherd), group 2 (German Shepherd) and group 3 (Labrador Retriever) with six animals each. Schirmer's tear test strips were used to perform the Schirmer's tear test (STT). To measure intraocular pressure (IOP), rebound tonometry (Tonovet) and indentation tonometry (Schiotz) were used. A-scan ultrasonography was performed by contact and immersion method. Fundoscopic images were recorded using Fundus-On-Phone equipment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>STT values revealed non-significant differences among groups, sexes, and eyes. The cumulative mean reflected a higher reading by the rebound tonometer than the indentation tonometer. In all the three groups, a significantly longer anterior chamber depth and axial globe length were observed in the immersion method. Axial globe length was longest in the Labrador breed, followed by German Shepherd and Belgian Shepherd. Systolic and diastolic pressure were significantly different among groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These breed-specific various ophthalmic parameters of working canines will be useful in the clinical diagnosis of various ophthalmic affections.</p>","PeriodicalId":14629,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of veterinary research","volume":"26 4","pages":"379-387"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13426095/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148653664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>In vitro</i> evaluation of antibacterial and antifungal effects of selected acidifiers and antibacterial effects of essential oils used in poultry feed industry.","authors":"A Omidi, M Rahimi-Kakolaki, H Mosleh","doi":"10.22099/ijvr.2025.50380.7435","DOIUrl":"10.22099/ijvr.2025.50380.7435","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Essential oils and organic acidifiers are used as natural antimicrobial substitutes for chemical additives in poultry feed. Pathogens such as <i>Salmonella</i> and <i>Escherichia</i> <i>coli</i> pose significant risks. While essential oils possess strong antibacterial and antifungal properties, commercial acidifiers (blends of formic, propionic, and lactic acids) are also commonly applied to reduce microbial contamination in feed. However, comparative data on their efficacy against key poultry pathogens remain limited.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong><b>‏</b>The present study investigates the antibacterial and antifungal effects of selected commonly used commercial acidifiers in poultry feed and also compares them with antibacterial effects of essential oils.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Antibacterial effects against <i>Salmonella typhimurium</i> and <i>E. coli</i> were evaluated for both five commercial acidifiers and essential oils (cinnamon, thyme, clove). Antifungal effects against <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> were evaluated for acidifiers only. Microplate and agar-well diffusion methods were used. Acidifiers were tested at 1×, 2×, and 5× the manufacturer's recommended dose; essential oils at 2% and 5% (v/v). Sampling time points for feed pH and microbial counts were days 0, 7, and 21. All tests were performed in triplicate and repeated twice. The impact of acidifiers on feed pH was also evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Acidifiers exhibited negligible inhibitory effects against target pathogens even at concentrations five times higher than recommended levels. In contrast, essential oils demonstrated significant inhibitory effects. Furthermore, the addition of acidifiers did not affect the pH of the feed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study underscores the potent antibacterial properties of cinnamon, thyme, and clove essential oils against common poultry pathogens. Comparatively, commercial acidifiers showed limited efficacy. Incorporating essential oils into poultry feed can enhance animal health and safety as effective substitutes for chemical additives. Further research is needed to optimize their use and maximize their antimicrobial benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":14629,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of veterinary research","volume":"26 4","pages":"388-397"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13426105/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148653686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacteriophage therapy for controlling poultry production problems.","authors":"W A Abd El-Ghany, M M Hamoud","doi":"10.22099/ijvr.2025.51640.7678","DOIUrl":"10.22099/ijvr.2025.51640.7678","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Today, many poultry production systems require no antibiotics ever. Due to the unavailability of novel antibiotics for veterinary use, presence of multidrug resistant bacteria, and official banning of many antibiotic classes for use in veterinary medicine for production animals, the need for alternative therapeutics such as competitive exclusion compounds, vaccines, nano-medicine, etc. has become an urgent need. In this context, bacteriophages are regarded as an antibiotic alternative. Bacteriophages are viruses that target to infect, replicate, and lyse numerus types of bacteria in humans, animals, water, plants, and food. They are classified into several orders and 15 families. Different preparations of bacteriophages have been approved by the United States of Food and Drug Administration for managing some bacterial infections. They have been globally used in the poultry production and processing. Therefore, the present review intends to expose every aspect of bacteriophages in poultry health and production which include the mechanisms of phages as therapeutics, their usage in the industry, and the limitations/threats associated with the usage of bacteriophages.</p>","PeriodicalId":14629,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of veterinary research","volume":"26 3","pages":"213-228"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13378042/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148578804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of repeated xylazine-ketamine or medetomidine-ketamine administration on selected reproductive parameters in male rats.","authors":"Ç Okulmuş, V Koşal, T Sancak","doi":"10.22099/ijvr.2025.49947.7368","DOIUrl":"10.22099/ijvr.2025.49947.7368","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sperm retrieval methods and surgical interventions are typically performed with the aid of anesthetic agents. In cases where the depth of anesthesia is insufficient, the procedure is often repeated.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the effects of repeated administration of xylazine-ketamine (XK) and medetomidine-ketamine (MK), as commonly used agents in laboratory animals, on sperm parameters, reproductive hormones, and testicular oxidative stress status.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 60 rats were used in the study. The animals were divided to two groups of thirty animals each as XK or MK groups, then each group was further divided into five subgroups (control, single dose, 1 repeat, 2 repeats, 3 repeats). <b>Results:</b> In the MK application group, the 2 repeats group exhibited a significant decrease in motility (P<0.001), an increase in the percent of abnormal sperms (P<0.05), and an elevated dead-to-live sperm ratio (P<0.001). In the MK 3 repeats group, a decrease in testosterone levels was observed (P<0.001). In all application groups (XK and MK), mRNA levels of testicular catalase (<i>CAT</i>), superoxide dismutase 1 (<i>SOD1</i>), androgen receptor (<i>AR</i>), and <i>caspases</i> 3/8/9 were significantly reduced (P<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite the adverse effects of repeated anesthesia on certain testicular parameters, this study revealed that XK application is safer than MK in terms of spermatological characteristics.</p>","PeriodicalId":14629,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of veterinary research","volume":"26 2","pages":"130-136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12571434/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145409052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of enoxacin and levofloxacin against <i>Theileria annulata</i> schizont-infected cell line.","authors":"A S Prajapati, H H Panchasara, A N Suthar, B Das, A C Patel, S H Raval, P T Sutaria, K J Ankuya, R M Patel","doi":"10.22099/ijvr.2025.52200.7784","DOIUrl":"10.22099/ijvr.2025.52200.7784","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Theileriosis is a tick-borne disease that significantly hampers livestock industries in developing nations. Buparvaquone is the only available option for the management of theileriosis. On the other hand, drug use or organism evolution has led to the evolution of resistance over past twenty years. Treatment for theileriosis requires alternative therapeutic approaches.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This work examined the in-vitro effectiveness of enoxacin and levofloxacin compounds against <i>Theileria annulata</i> cultures, targeting the topoisomerase II pathway of organism.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The schizont infected cell line was established from infected cattle blood. The inhibitory effects of both drugs were assessed on <i>T. annulata</i> along with their cytotoxicity and hemolytic activity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Enoxacin and levofloxacin efficiently inhibited 50% of the infection at 1,71,723 µM and 10,084 µM, respectively. Levofloxacin showed encouraging results during the experiment. For enoxacin and levofloxacin, the 50% cytotoxic effects were also measured at 10,529 µM and 10,116 µM, respectively. Enoxacin was safe on bovine red blood cells with an HC₅₀ value of 26,49,031 µM compared to levofloxacin with 19,828 µM value.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Levofloxacin showed satisfactory results compared to enoxacin. Further study is required along with other parameters to evaluate and assess the inhibitory activity of enoxacin and levofloxacin.</p>","PeriodicalId":14629,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of veterinary research","volume":"26 3","pages":"256-262"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13378055/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148578776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanisms in colistin-resistant superbugs transmissible from veterinary, livestock and animal food products to humans.","authors":"N Satarzadeh, A Saraee, Z Hatif Mahdi, A Sadeghi Dousari, M Armanpour, M Taati Moghadam","doi":"10.22099/ijvr.2024.50497.7453","DOIUrl":"10.22099/ijvr.2024.50497.7453","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the era of antibiotic resistance, where multidrug-resistant (MDR), extensively drug resistant (XDR), and pan-drug resistant (PDR) Gram-negative infections are prevalent, it is crucial to identify the primary sources of antibiotic resistance, understand resistant mechanisms, and develop strategies to combat these mechanisms. The emergence of resistance to last-resort antibiotics like colistin has sparked a war between humanity and resistant bacteria, leaving humanity struggling to find effective countermeasures. Although colistin is used as a highly toxic antibiotic in infections that are not treated with routine antibiotics, its widespread use in animal breeding and veterinary medicine has contributed to the spread of colistin-resistant bacteria, plasmid-borne colistin resistance genes (<i>mcr</i>), and antibiotic residues in livestock and animal-derived foods. These sources can potentially transmit colistin resistance to humans through various routes. Therefore, managing the use of colistin in livestock and animal foods, implementing strict monitoring, and establishing guidelines for its proper use are essential to prevent the escalation of colistin resistance. This review article discusses the latest mechanisms of colistin antibiotic resistance, particularly biofilm production as a public health threat, the livestock and animal food sources of this resistance, and the routes of transmission to humans.</p>","PeriodicalId":14629,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of veterinary research","volume":"25 4","pages":"298-311"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12085205/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144093663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial resistance patterns of multidrug resistant ESBL-producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> isolated from sheep and goats in Punjab, India.","authors":"A Mushtaq, T S Rai, A K Arora, M Chandra, J S Bedi, J Singh","doi":"10.22099/ijvr.2025.51659.7682","DOIUrl":"10.22099/ijvr.2025.51659.7682","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A serious community concern worldwide is the alarming spread of enterobacteria producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) enzymes. The food-producing animals harbor ESBL-producing enterobacterales and disseminate these resistant strains of pathogens through faeces. ESBL producers are multidrug-resistant phenotype posing a challenge to the disease management in clinical settings.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The objective of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of ESBL-producing <i>Escherichia coli</i>, and <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> from fecal samples (n=340) of healthy (n=300) and diarrhoeic (n=40) sheep and goats and hand swabs (n=70) of animal handlers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Presumptive ESBL producing bacteria were identified using ESBL agar, which were then confirmed by combined disc method (CDM). Genotypic detection of beta-lactamase, quinolones and tetracycline resistance genes was done using PCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 156 enteropathogenic <i>E. coli</i> were recovered from sheep (79/170) and goats (77/170). Phenotypic antimicrobial resistance data revealed high resistance against cefazolin with 91.13% and 84.41% in sheep and goats, respectively. Low resistance was recorded against carbapenems. All the ESBL producing isolates revealed a multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index >0.2. The predominant β-lactamase gene found was the <i>blaTEM</i> detected in 110 (70.51%) isolates followed by <i>blaCTXM</i> in 80 (51.28%) isolates.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings of the present study revealed a high prevalence of multidrug resistance <i>E. coli</i> and <i>K. pneumoniae</i> in food-producing animals. It represents an issue of concern and requires serious need for implementing effective approaches to reduce multidrug resistance in commensal organisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":14629,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of veterinary research","volume":"26 2","pages":"170-178"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12640159/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145587442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence and carrier status of <i>Leptospira</i> spp. in rats captured in the central northern region of Algeria.","authors":"L Lekhal, A Amara Korba, F Ghalmi","doi":"10.22099/ijvr.2025.51165.7583","DOIUrl":"10.22099/ijvr.2025.51165.7583","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Leptospirosis is a zoonosis with a large distribution in the globe, and <i>Leptospira</i> spp. is responsible for the disease. Mammalians can serve as reservoir hosts of the bacteria; however, rodents, particularly rats, are known to be the most important reservoir, principally, for <i>Leptospira interrogans</i> serovar Icterohaemorrhagiae. In Algeria, few data are available concerning the circulation of the <i>Leptospira</i> bacterium in human and in animals including rodents.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>Our study aimed to bring to light the importance of rats as reservoir host of <i>Leptospira</i> spp. in the city of Blida, Algeria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 100 rats including 88 <i>Rattus norvegicus</i> and 12 <i>Rattus rattus</i> were captured, their serums were tested for antibodies by Microscopique Agglutination Test (MAT), and their kidneys and livers were subjected to culture in Ellinghausen, McCullough, Johnson and Harris (EMJH) medium.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our study revealed a sero-prevalence of 43% (95% CI: 33.3-52.7%), the most common infecting serogroup was Icterohaemorrhagiae 11% (11/100), and the highest titer was register for the serogroup Canicola 1:2560. No statistical difference was recorded between the two sexes, the classes of age, and the rat's species; However, rats captured in urban area seemed to be more infected than those captured in rural area. Organs culture confirmed the carrying status of the bacteria with prevalence of 8%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our survey confirms the role of rat as reservoir host of <i>Leptospira</i>, and provides valuable data on the epidemiology of leptospirosis in this animal. Therefore, rat population control in the city of Blida is important to prevent outbreaks of leptospirosis in human and in other animals.</p>","PeriodicalId":14629,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of veterinary research","volume":"26 2","pages":"123-129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12571429/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145408397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MHC-linked microsatellite LEI0258 variability and population structure of chicken ecotypes in Iran.","authors":"A Ramezani, G Nikbakht Brujeni, N Sheikhi, K Parvandar Asadollahi","doi":"10.22099/ijvr.2024.50968.7544","DOIUrl":"10.22099/ijvr.2024.50968.7544","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Investigation of chicken major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes along with their diversity across native regions and populations, as a genetic resource, can be used in the breeding programs. Important characteristics of MHC genes, such as the association with immunological and production traits, make them exceptional candidates for marker assisted selection.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The aim of this study was to characterize MHC based on the LEI0258 microsatellite marker to evaluate the genetic variability and diversity within and between Iranian chicken populations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Blood samples were collected from six indigenous ecotypes (n=633) and Ross 308 (n=216) as a commercial breed. The MHC variability was determined based on a microsatellite marker located within MHC, LEI0258. Polymerase chain reaction and fragment analysis was used for microsatellite polymorphism detection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on the fragment analysis, 7 alleles were found in Ross 308 and 25 alleles across all 6 populations. The population with the maximum genetic diversity was Mazandaran (0.939), while the population with the minimum genetic diversity was Ross 308 (0.794). Out of the 6 Iranian chicken ecotypes, all except Arian and Khorasan, were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P<0.05). The genetic variations within (84.92%) and between (15.08%) populations were statistically significant (P<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A significant genetic structure that is not completely homogeneous among the Iranian chicken populations can be considered as distinct genetic resources. This study highlights the value of using markers such as LEI0258 to investigate the diversity of genes that play dual roles in immunity and production.</p>","PeriodicalId":14629,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of veterinary research","volume":"25 4","pages":"312-318"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12085208/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144093664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}