Iranian journal of veterinary research最新文献

{"title":"Molecular epidemiology, associated risk factors, and phylogeny of <i>Theileria annulata</i> infecting buffaloes and cattle from different agro-climatic regions of Punjab, Pakistan.","authors":"F Ahmad Atif, M Usman Nazir, R Zahid Abbas, S Mehnaz, M Adnan Saeed, M Ben Said","doi":"10.22099/IJVR.2023.47219.6811","DOIUrl":"10.22099/IJVR.2023.47219.6811","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tropical theileriosis is the most prevalent hemoprotozoan disease in Pakistan.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The study aimed to investigate the epidemiology and evolutionary relationship of <i>Theileria annulata</i> in bovines in diverse agro-climatic regions of Punjab, Pakistan.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>800 blood specimens were collected from asymptomatic cattle (n=480) and buffaloes (n=320) using a multistage sampling method from Sargodha (n=400) and Multan (n=400) districts. The samples were assessed for blood smear microscopy and <i>cytochrome b</i> gene based PCR. Twenty samples were collected from each union council of each district.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall prevalence of <i>T. annulata</i> infection in bovines was 9% and 17.13% as determined by blood smear analysis and PCR, respectively. The disease positivity in cattle and buffaloes was respectively 10.21% and 20.42% by blood smear screening and 7.19%, 12.19% by PCR. The overall PCR based prevalence in the Sargodha and Multan districts was 19% and 15.25%, respectively. Absence of rural poultry, tick infestation, and a history of tick-borne diseases had significant effect in cattle. Tick infestation and age were the main statistically significant disease determinants in buffaloes. The evolutionary analysis of the <i>cytochrome b</i> gene showed that the Pakistani isolate infecting buffalo was related to those from Iran, India, Egypt, and Sudan. The isolate from cattle was genetically close to those from Pakistan, India, Iran, Iraq, and Turkey.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It can be concluded that biotic and abiotic factors contribute to disease occurrence. The current study will help to devise control strategies to prevent substantial economic losses.</p>","PeriodicalId":14629,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of veterinary research","volume":"24 3","pages":"247-257"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10804435/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139546109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of the <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> complex in dogs with lymphadenitis.","authors":"P Tikute, D Narang, M Chandra, S Turkar, K Gupta","doi":"10.22099/IJVR.2023.45268.6651","DOIUrl":"10.22099/IJVR.2023.45268.6651","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Mycobacterium avium</i> complex (MAC) is connected to human immunosuppressive diseases, including HIV-AIDS, and may pose a zoonotic threat. MAC causes lymphadenopathy in children, respiratory infection in adults, and generalized infection in immunocompromised individuals. Infection with nontuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) in humans is now primarily brought on by MAC. Recently, MAC members have emerged as pathogenic organisms for animals and humans. While dogs are generally resistant to mycobacterial infections, there have been some cases of infection that result in systemic or disseminated diseases. The organisms can be transmitted to dogs through oral contact, and their faeces can be a possible source of infection for dog owners. It is important to note that this ailment is zoonotic, especially if infected pet dogs are in prolonged contact with their humans.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The study was planned to demonstrate the occurrence of MAC organisms and other Mycobacteria in dogs associated with lymphadenopathy cases with special emphasis on lymphadenitis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 123 samples (100 lymph node aspirates, 15 lymph node tissues, and 8 blood samples) from 83 dogs suspected of lymphadenitis accompanied by gastroenteritis, chronic skin infections, immunosuppression, chronic pulmonary diseases, and other chronic undiagnosed diseases were studied. The samples were processed for cytological and microscopic examination by Ziehl-Neelsen staining. Following the decontamination procedure, the aspiration and lymph node tissue samples were inoculated into Middlebrook 7H11 media for up to 8 weeks. The aspirated material was also directly used for molecular detection by triplex-nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR) assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A cytological study revealed pyogranulomatous inflammation of the lymph node tissue. Impression smears from lymph node tissues displayed the presence of acid-fast organisms. Out of 83 cases of dogs, 8 were found to be positive for <i>Mycobacterium</i> spp. Among those 8 positive cases, 3 were confirmed to belong to MAC, and 5 belonged to the <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> complex (MTB complex).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MAC and MTB are the underestimated bacteria that could be the causative agents of lymphadenitis in animals.</p>","PeriodicalId":14629,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of veterinary research","volume":"24 4","pages":"320-327"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11127736/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141154212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary type 3 abomasal ulceration in cattle and buffalo: clinico-biochemical parameters, treatment, and prognostic indicators.","authors":"S A Hussain,&nbsp;S K Uppal,&nbsp;N K Sood,&nbsp;J Mohindroo","doi":"10.22099/IJVR.2022.44324.6527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22099/IJVR.2022.44324.6527","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The clinical findings, laboratory alterations, and prognosis of primary type 3 abomasal ulcer (AU3) are poorly reported in the literature.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To describe clinical findings, hemato-biochemical changes, and peritoneal fluid changes in bovines suffering from primary AU3, and to monitor responses to medical treatment and outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 32 bovines (20 cattle and 12 buffaloes) diagnosed with primary AU3 along with a control group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Common clinical findings were depressed demeanor, anorexia, dehydration, scanty feces, melena, mushy atonic rumen, tachycardia, and tachypnea. Colic was observed in 56.3% of animals. The mean hemoglobin, hematocrit, platelet count, and lymphocyte count were lower (P≤0.05), while WBC and neutrophil count were higher than the values of the control group (P≤0.05). The levels of BHBA, NEFA, glucose, total bilirubin, AST, CK, LDH, BUN, creatinine, and lactate were higher (P≤0.05), while cholesterol, total protein, albumin, sodium, potassium, chloride, and calcium were lower than the values of the control group (P≤0.05). The rumen chloride concentration was increased. The left shift was observed in a higher percentage of nonsurvivors than survivors (P≤0.05). The nonsurvivors had higher levels of bilirubin, CK, LDH, BUN, creatinine, and rumen chloride (P≤0.05), and lower levels of total protein, albumin, and globulin (P≤0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Type 3 abomasal ulcers occurred during the various stages of lactation as well as in pregnant animals. The response to medical treatment was fair, long time survival rate was good, and there was no recurrence. There was no effect on fetal survival or milk yield in the subsequent lactation.</p>","PeriodicalId":14629,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of veterinary research","volume":"24 1","pages":"42-50"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/be/43/ijvr-24-42.PMC10291524.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10104111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of varying concentrations of chicken plasma egg yolk and glycerol on the viability of canine sperm following short and long-term preservation.","authors":"E Nazeri,&nbsp;A Niasari-Naslaji,&nbsp;H Ghasemzadeh-Nava,&nbsp;F Panahi","doi":"10.22099/IJVR.2022.43403.6339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22099/IJVR.2022.43403.6339","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Plasma egg yolk (PEY), due to simple preparation and easier access, could be a suitable alternative to raw egg yolk for preserving canine semen.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The present study investigated suitable concentrations of PEY and glycerol for preservation of canine semen.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Semen was collected by digital manipulation (seven replicates from four dogs). Following initial raw semen evaluation, the semen was diluted in a tris-based extender supplemented with varying concentrations of chicken PEY (0, 20, and 40% v/v) and glycerol (3%; v/v). After cooling the specimen to 4°C within 1 h, the specimens were diluted with an equal volume of freezing extender consisting of similar concentrations of chicken PEY and 0 and 7% glycerol to reach the final glycerol concentration of 1.5 and 5% for short-term storage of canine semen. Samples with different concentrations of PEY and 5% glycerol were frozen. The sperm viability parameters including total motility, progressive forward motility, plasma membrane integrity, and live percentage of sperm were assessed following short and long-term storage.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sperm viability parameters of semen extended in an extender supplemented with 20 or 40% chicken PEY with either 1.5 or 5% glycerol remained superior until 72 h after semen collection compared to the specimen that did not receive any PEY (P<0.05). Post-thaw sperm viability was also greater in samples extended in extender supplemented with either 20 or 40% PEY compared to 0% PEY.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Tris-based extender supplemented with either 20% chicken PEY could be suitable for short and long-term preservation of canine semen.</p>","PeriodicalId":14629,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of veterinary research","volume":"24 1","pages":"6-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/6b/da/ijvr-24-06.PMC10291523.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10104112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of antimicrobial resistance genes in extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> from milk of indigenous Beetal goats of Punjab.","authors":"M M Satpathy,&nbsp;N S Sharma,&nbsp;P Kaur,&nbsp;A K Arora","doi":"10.22099/IJVR.2023.43480.6365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22099/IJVR.2023.43480.6365","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a burning issue in the present era. Mastitis in dairy animals is one of the most important causes of huge production loss to dairy farmers. <b>Aims:</b> The study aims to find the prevalence, antimicrobial resistance profile, and resistance genes in the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> in mastitic milk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 125 milk samples were collected from Beetal goats suffering from clinical mastitis from different districts of Punjab and processed for bacterial isolation and further identification. The drug resistance profile of ESBL-producing <i>E. coli</i> and its associations with molecular markers was analyzed using statistical analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of ESBL-producing <i>E. coli</i> in dairy goats of Punjab was recorded as 6.4%. The isolates showed the highest resistance to the beta-lactam group of antibiotics. The resistance percentages of streptomycin, gentamicin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, clotrimazole, and colistin were 50%, 37.5%, 50%, 25%, 25%, and 50%, respectively. The isolates showed intermediate resistance to imipenem (12.5%) and tetracycline (25%). The ESBL-producing <i>E. coli</i> isolates harbored the resistance genes <i>blaCTXM</i> (100%), <i>blaTEM</i> (62.5%), <i>blaSHV</i> (25%), <i>blaOXA</i> (37.5%), <i>tetA</i> (37.5%), <i>tetB</i> (25%), <i>aadA</i> (37.5%), <i>sul1</i> (25%), <i>MOXM</i> (12.5%), <i>DHAM</i> (25%), and <i>blaCMY-2</i> (50%). Tetracycline and sulphonamide resistances were statistically associated with their respective resistance genes (P<0.05). Streptomycin resistance was not statistically associated with the presence of the <i>aadA</i> gene (P>0.05). The genes <i>blaIMP</i> and <i>blaNDM</i> were not recorded in any of the isolates. In this study, 12.5% of the isolates showed co-resistance to colistin and carbapenem.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Antimicrobial resistance is a hot topic and requires immediate attention.</p>","PeriodicalId":14629,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of veterinary research","volume":"24 1","pages":"37-41"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/49/b0/ijvr-24-37.PMC10291518.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10104113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of the major viral pathogens in a respiratory disease outbreak of broiler flocks in Eastern Iran.","authors":"H R Farzin, G Ajam, M Asgharzadeh, Z Zanguei Motlagh, S Ghasemitabas, S E Tabatabaeizadeh, S Zibaee, M Jamshidian-Mojaver","doi":"10.22099/IJVR.2023.45051.6632","DOIUrl":"10.22099/IJVR.2023.45051.6632","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), Newcastle disease virus (NDV), and avian influenza virus (AIV) H9N2 are major viral pathogens in broiler respiratory disease.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>Following a respiratory disease outbreak and economic losses in eastern Iran 2020-2021, we investigated the role of major viral pathogens and the implemented vaccination programs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-six respiratory disease affected broiler flocks in South Khorasan province were sampled, molecularly tested, and coinfections were investigated. The vaccination programs were obtained and the detected IBV were genotyped.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>IBV, virulent NDV, and AIV H9N2 were detected in twenty-five, seven, and seven flocks, respectively. IBV+AIV, IBV+NDV, and NDV+AIV coinfections were respectively detected in six, five, and one flocks. Most IBV infected flocks (84%) had been immunized with a live IBV-Mass vaccine. All NDV infected flocks and 14.2% of AIV infected flocks had been vaccinated. IBV genotyping showed a high prevalence of variant 2 (83.3%), followed by Mass-type (12.5%), and Q1-type (4.2%). Variant 2 IB viruses were widely distributed in the province and half of them were mostly similar to the ones that had been detected in northern neighboring province, Khorasan Razavi.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Single infection with variant 2 IBV was a major cause of the respiratory disease outbreak in which use of the Mass vaccine was probably not effective. The high coverage and multiple doses of vaccination against Newcastle disease possibly had reduced the prevalence of NDV. Considering the regional origin of IBV strains, strong biosecurity measures should be implemented and vaccination programs using appropriate vaccine strains should be used.</p>","PeriodicalId":14629,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of veterinary research","volume":"24 3","pages":"205-214"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10804424/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139546173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of daidzein on renal injury in ovariectomized rats: interaction of angiotensin receptors and long non-coding RNAs H19, GAS5, MIAT, and Rian.","authors":"M Askaripour,&nbsp;H Najafipour,&nbsp;S Jafarinejad-Farsangi,&nbsp;S Rajabi,&nbsp;Sh Saberi,&nbsp;E Jafari","doi":"10.22099/IJVR.2023.43460.6357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22099/IJVR.2023.43460.6357","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is prominently associated with renal pathophysiology in postmenopausal women. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) H19, GAS5, MIAT, and Rian have been linked to the pathogenesis of renal injury.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the beneficial effects of daidzein on unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) induced-renal injury in ovariectomized (OVX) rats through interaction with angiotensin AT1, Mas receptors, and lncRNAs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>84 female rats were ovariectomized (OVX) two weeks before performing obstruction of the left kidney ureter (UUO). The animals were then randomly divided into four main groups (n=21): Sham+DMSO, UUO+DMSO, UUO+17β-Estradiol (E2) (positive control), and UUO+daidzein. Each main group comprised three subgroups (n=7) and were treated with saline, A779 (MasR antagonist), or losartan (AT1R antagonist) for 15 days. On day 16, the animals were euthanized, and the left kidneys were harvested for histopathology and lncRNAs expression assays.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>UUO significantly increased kidney tissue damage score (KTDS) in the UUO rats, increased the expression of H19 and MIAT, and decreased the expression of GAS5 and Rian. Daidzein alone and in co-treatment with losartan or A779 reversed these effects. Daidzein with 1 mg/kg dose was more effective than E2.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Daidzein alone and in co-treatment with A779 and losartan improved renal injury in UUO rats and recovered dysregulated expression of UUO-related lncRNAs through modulating MasR and AT1R receptors, associating with modulation of the expression of lncRNAs. Daidzein could be considered a renoprotective phytoestrogen substitute for E2 therapy in postmenopausal women suffering from renal diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":14629,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of veterinary research","volume":"24 1","pages":"14-21"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a2/a5/ijvr-24-14.PMC10291528.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10086581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular detection, genetic diversity, and phylogenetic analysis of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) type O in Iran during 2015-2016.","authors":"M Gadir,&nbsp;S M Azimi,&nbsp;N Harzandi,&nbsp;B Hemati,&nbsp;N Eskandarzade","doi":"10.22099/IJVR.2022.43156.6284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22099/IJVR.2022.43156.6284","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The major challenge of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) control is attributed to the rapid mutations in the FMDV RNA genome, resulting in continuous antigenic changes of circulating strains. Despite widespread vaccination of livestock populations, the incidence of the FMDV serotype O outbreaks in Iran during 2015-2016 raised concerns about the emergence of new strains.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The aim of this study is the genetic and antigenic evaluation of FMDV type O isolates from different outbreak areas including Alborz, Tehran, Isfahan, Markazi, Zahedan, and Qom provinces.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>For this purpose, 71 FMD-infected samples were collected from six provinces of Iran, of which 12 serotype O positive were selected for genetic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All samples were in ME-SA topotypes/OPanAsia2 lineage, and the overall mean of genetic diversities at the 1D gene level was about 5% between the sequences. Blasting 1D gene sequences of isolated viruses showed more than 90% genetic identity with sequences registered from neighboring countries; therefore, it could be concluded that they had a common origin. Six isolates showed the highest genetic diversity (6% to 11%) with the OPanAsia2 vaccine strain (JN676146), which three of them (Qom, Alborz, and Zahedan isolates), had less than 30% antigenic homology with the OPanAsia2 virus (JN676146).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Results of this study suggested OPanAsia2 vaccine had no enough coverage with some circulating strains in outbreak areas in Qom, Alborz, and Zahedan provinces, and the necessity of OPanAsia2 replacement with a new vaccine strain in Iran.</p>","PeriodicalId":14629,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of veterinary research","volume":"24 1","pages":"30-36"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/55/9b/ijvr-24-30.PMC10291526.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10086582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of extended spectrum β-lactamase producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> strains isolated from urogenital system of dogs in Van province of Turkey.","authors":"B Kaplan,&nbsp;O Gulaydin","doi":"10.22099/IJVR.2022.43280.6301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22099/IJVR.2022.43280.6301","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Escherichia coli</i> is a bacterial agent that causes urogenital system infection in dogs. Beta-lactam (β-lactam) group antibiotics are frequently used in the treatment of <i>E. coli</i> infections.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the presence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and plasmidic AmpC in <i>E</i>. <i>coli</i> strains isolated from the urogenital tracts of 125 dogs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty <i>E. coli</i> strains were identified by conventional bacteriological and PCR methods. Disk diffusion method was used for the determination of antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates as well as productions of plasmidic AmpC and ESBL. The presence of <i>bla</i>TEM, <i>bla</i>SHV, and <i>bla</i>CTX-M group genes was determined in the isolates by PCR. ERIC-PCR was also used for genotyping of the isolates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Although 22 (44%) of 50 <i>E. coli</i> isolates were found to be ESBL positive, no isolate shows plasmidic AmpC β-lactamase production. Among 22 ESBL positive isolates, <i>bla</i>TEM, <i>bla</i>SHV, and <i>bla</i>CTX-M group 1 genes were found in 11 (50%), 1 (4.54%), and 6 (27.27%) isolates, respectively. The highest resistance was observed against tetracycline (28%), followed by streptomycin (24%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (24%), and chloramphenicol (22%), respectively. In the isolates, 11 different main profiles were also determined by ERIC-PCR. It was shown that ESBL positive isolates were related to G10 profiles.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The use of extended spectrum β-lactam group antibiotics for the treatment of <i>E. coli</i> infections in dogs is critical; nevertheless, they may not be effective due to the high rate of resistance to this antibiotic group in <i>E. coli</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":14629,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of veterinary research","volume":"24 1","pages":"22-29"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/8e/43/ijvr-24-22.PMC10291521.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10086583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Camel semen collection, viscosity, and cryopreservation: a review.","authors":"A Niasari-Naslaji","doi":"10.22099/IJVR.2023.44924.6624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22099/IJVR.2023.44924.6624","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Artificial insemination in camels remains undeveloped due to the difficulties in semen collection, semen viscosity, and semen cryopreservation. The semen collection procedure has been facilitated to some extent using camel phantom and/or possibly an intravaginal condom. Main reasons for semen viscosity in camelids have been unraveled and different mechanical and enzymatic approaches were used to alleviate this problem; however, there is still no conclusive protocol to safely remove semen viscosity completely. It seems that along with the problem of semen viscosity, semen cryopreservation in camels remains unresolved. As a result, there is no convincing report on successful and repeatable pregnancies following insemination with frozen semen in camel. This review gathered most of the information that appeared in the peer reviewed journals to highlight major problems in camel semen technology, including semen collection, semen viscosity, and semen cryopreservation.</p>","PeriodicalId":14629,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of veterinary research","volume":"24 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/5d/9e/ijvr-24-01.PMC10291519.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10086584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}