Iranian journal of veterinary research最新文献

{"title":"Processed barley grain mitigates the adverse effects of starch-rich diets in lactating Holstein cows.","authors":"P Kheirandish, M Danesh Mesgaran, M Mohri, E Khafipour, A Vakili, A Javadmanesh","doi":"10.22099/ijvr.2026.52036.7755","DOIUrl":"10.22099/ijvr.2026.52036.7755","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>High-starch diets, commonly formulated with barley grain (BG), can impair ruminal function and trigger systemic inflammation in lactating dairy cows.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The present study investigated the effects of different forms of BG on rumen fermentation, immune-related gene expression, and systemic inflammation in Holstein cows fed starch-rich diets.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-seven lactating Holstein cows (three fistulated and six non-fistulated per treatment) were randomly assigned to three dietary groups: untreated BG (BG_CTRL), BG processed with 5% lactic acid (BG_LA), or BG processed with sugar beet pulp extract (BG_SBPE). Cows received a basal total mixed ration for two weeks, followed by one week of high-starch experimental diets.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cows fed BG_LA (5.97) and BG_SBPE (5.85) had significantly higher ruminal pH compared to BG_CTRL (5.55; P<0.05), along with shorter durations of pH<5.8 (61.35, 182.93, and 362.98 min/day for BG_LA, BG_SBPE, and BG_CTRL, respectively; P<0.05). The acidosis index was reduced from 18.10 in BG_CTRL to 8.13 in BG_SBPE and 3.05 in BG_LA. Also, BG_LA reduced ruminal <i>E. coli</i> abundance (P<0.001), while <i>Megasphaera elsdenii</i> was lower in BG_SBPE than in BG_CTRL (P<0.001). Both processed BG diets significantly decreased serum haptoglobin and serum amyloid A, and reduced mRNA expression of CD14, TLR4, and MD2.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Processing BG with lactic acid or sugar beet pulp extract mitigates the adverse effects of high-starch diets on rumen health and systemic inflammation in lactating dairy cows.</p>","PeriodicalId":14629,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of veterinary research","volume":"27 1","pages":"58-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13647941/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149136598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable processing of seafood byproducts through enzymatic technologies: A comprehensive review.","authors":"P Pathinathan","doi":"10.22099/ijvr.2026.51890.7725","DOIUrl":"10.22099/ijvr.2026.51890.7725","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Commercial fishing operations often discard up to half of their raw catch, including scales, shells, frames, viscera, and other less desirable parts. This discarded biomass, coupled with low-value by-catch, poses significant environmental challenges due to its rapid decomposition. However, these materials represent an underutilized source of valuable compounds such as proteins, enzymes, carotenoids, fats, and minerals. This review consolidates recent advances in enzymatic technologies for the sustainable processing of seafood byproducts. It highlights the role of fishery-derived enzymes such as proteases, lipases, chitinases, alkaline phosphatases, transglutaminases, and hyaluronidases in the extraction, modification and valorization of marine biomolecules. Particular attention is given to enzymes from cold-adapted species, which offer high catalytic efficiency at low temperatures, enabling energy-efficient processing while maintaining product quality. The review identifies outstanding research gaps, including large-scale enzyme stabilization, recovery efficiency, and integration of biocatalytic systems with green extraction technologies. By summarizing these innovations and challenges, this work provides a framework for developing sustainable, enzyme-driven seafood waste valorization strategies that align with circular bioeconomy principles.</p>","PeriodicalId":14629,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of veterinary research","volume":"27 1","pages":"3-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13647970/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149136700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histomorphometrical and histochemical studies on the omasum of adult Bakerwali goat, non-descript goats and non-descript sheep of Jammu region: A comparative adaptational perspective.","authors":"J S Sasan, S Suri, K Sarma","doi":"10.22099/ijvr.2026.52551.7846","DOIUrl":"10.22099/ijvr.2026.52551.7846","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The omasum absorb water, electrolytes, volatile fatty acids by regulating the flow of digesta from the reticulum to the abomasum. In the Jammu region, small ruminants are raised under various agro-climatic conditions. Sheep mainly graze, while goats primarily browse. Such differences in feeding habits influences anatomy of digestive tract, especially the omasum. Studying omasum structure helps explain differences in digestive efficiency, nutrient utilization, and environmental adaptation among these species.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The present study aimed to compare anatomy of omasum in Bakerwali goats, non-descript goats and non-descript sheep and help develop breed-specific management strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Gross morphological, biometrical, histomorphological, micrometrical and histochemical studies were undertaken. Samples were fixed and processed for standard histological procedures and stained with various stains for histological and micrometrical observations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Omasum was laterally compressed oval to bean-shaped sac in all the three species. Internally, omasum was characterized by omasal laminae. The 4th order laminae were prominent in adult non-descript sheep. Lateral surface of the 1st order laminae presented ridges running parallel to the free concave border in adult non-descript sheep. Total empty weight, capacity and number of omasal laminae was significantly highest in non-descript sheep. Histologically, omasal laminae were thickest in non-descript sheep and thinnest in non-descript goats.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present research extends the depth of the knowledge regarding anatomy of omasum. The anatomical differences in the omasum between browsers and grazers can be correlated to their digestive physiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":14629,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of veterinary research","volume":"27 1","pages":"46-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13647922/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149136636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short- and long-term outcomes and complications following feline perineal urethrostomy.","authors":"B Torabi, S Farzad-Mohajeri, A Khodakaram-Tafti, M S Pedram","doi":"10.22099/ijvr.2025.53541.8063","DOIUrl":"10.22099/ijvr.2025.53541.8063","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Perineal urethrostomy (PU) is a surgical procedure performed in male cats with recurrent urethral obstructions or irreversible urethral damage, creating a permanent urinary stoma. Although PU effectively relieves obstruction, it can lead to postoperative complications that affect feline quality of life.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>The present study assessed the short and long-term outcomes and complications following PU in 10 male cats treated at the Small Animal Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran. A retrospective review of the medical records was conducted for male cats diagnosed with feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD) and undergoing PU between October 2020 and January 2025. Data were collected from hospital records and owner questionnaires. Descriptive analysis of collected data was performed using appropriate tests. The study population consisted of 10 cats, 0.5-7 years of age and weighing between 1 and 5 kg, representing Domestic Shorthair (DSH), Persian, and Scottish breeds.</p><p><strong>Findings/treatment and outcome: </strong>PU was effective in managing FLUTD, with 9 out of 10 owners reporting satisfaction. Short and long-term complications were minimal, which supports the surgical efficacy. Short-term complications included cystitis, hematuria, polyuria, dysuria, urinary tract infection, dribbling, recurrent obstruction, urethral stricture, and urinary leakage. Long-term complications can involve: chronic urinary tract infections, recurrent strictures, and persistent incontinence or stranguria. Importantly, all procedures were performed in the colder months of the year, between October and March. Only two of the ten cats experienced recurrent urinary issues. All owners (100%) endorsed the surgery for similar cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PU is an effective intervention for FLUTD in male cats, though findings should be interpreted cautiously due to the limited sample size and follow-up duration. These results support further research and provide evidence for the surgical management of FLUTD.</p>","PeriodicalId":14629,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of veterinary research","volume":"27 1","pages":"105-109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13647943/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149136687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recombinant expression and antimicrobial activity of Aureocin A53 against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> isolated from bovine intramammary infections.","authors":"F Rivarosa, M V Slaboch, J Cicotello, M V Zbrun, A I Molineri, C Diez, C Camussone","doi":"10.22099/ijvr.2026.52889.7917","DOIUrl":"10.22099/ijvr.2026.52889.7917","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bovine mastitis causes major economic losses in dairy production. <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, the most prevalent causative pathogen of mastitis, is often resistant to antibiotics. Bacteriocins, like Aureocin A53 (A53), are antimicrobial peptides that can provide an alternative treatment.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The present study aimed to express a recombinant peptide (A53) in <i>Escherichia coli</i> and evaluate its antimicrobial activity against <i>S. aureus</i> isolated from bovine mastitis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The <i>A53</i> gene was cloned into pET24a and expressed in <i>E. coli</i> strains BL21(DE3), Tuner (DE3), and Rosetta (DE3), in different induction conditions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among all the evaluated conditions, A53-pET24a in <i>E. coli</i> Rosetta (DE3) induced with IPTG 0.2 mM overnight appeared to yield slightly higher expression levels than the other conditions tested. Cell lysates supernatants containing recombinant A53 showed inhibitory activity against two <i>S. aureus</i> indicator strains in agar diffusion assays. Microtiter plate assays conducted with <i>S. aureus</i> isolated from bovine mastitis showed that purified recombinant A53 significantly reduced bacterial growth after 24 h of incubation, in comparison with non-treated cultures.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results underscore the feasibility of producing active recombinant A53. Further studies are needed to evaluate its effectiveness against additional <i>S. aureus</i> isolates and to optimize expression and recovery processes. Improving production scalability will be essential to evaluate the stability and efficacy of peptide in <i>in vivo</i> models, such as the bovine mammary gland, thereby supporting its potential therapeutic application.</p>","PeriodicalId":14629,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of veterinary research","volume":"27 1","pages":"92-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13648109/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149136603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autohaemotherapy as a non-conventional treatment for bovine papillomatosis.","authors":"Y G Mukeshbhai, V Sangwan, N Gupta","doi":"10.22099/ijvr.2026.54605.8221","DOIUrl":"10.22099/ijvr.2026.54605.8221","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14629,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of veterinary research","volume":"27 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13647942/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149136491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of thermophilic <i>Campylobacter</i> species from diarrhoeic dogs referred to veterinary hospitals in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.","authors":"A O Ahmed, A M Abdulkareem, E A Amosun, A O Ogunleye, F O Ambali, I A Adeyemo, T O Isola, I A Odetokun, A Aremu, G J Akorede, I A Raufu","doi":"10.22099/ijvr.2026.51251.7601","DOIUrl":"10.22099/ijvr.2026.51251.7601","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Campylobacter</i> is a leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis globally, and pets are important reservoirs for human infections.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed at characterizing thermophilic <i>Campylobacter</i> from diarrhoeic dogs at major veterinary hospitals in Ilorin, Nigeria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a cross-sectional approach, 120 fecal samples were collected from diarrheic dogs presented to selected Veterinary Hospitals between March and December 2022. <i>Campylobacter</i> was isolated and identified using standard bacteriological methods. Subsets of the isolates were characterized targeting <i>16S rRNA</i>, and all isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>13.0 (10.8%) of the samples were positive for <i>Campylobacter</i>. The isolation rate of <i>Campylobacter</i> from studs (2.5%) was lower than that of the bitches (8.3%) albeit the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conversely, the rate during raining season (9.2) was significantly higher than that of dry season (1.7%) (P<0.05). The isolates showed evolutionary relationships with <i>Campylobacter coli</i> (n=2) and <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> (n=1). Varying resistance profiles were exhibited by the isolates, with 92.3% showing resistance to ampicillin and nalidixic acid, while 84.6% resisted tetracycline. The lowest rate (7.7%) of resistance was observed to chloramphenicol, and 46.2% of the isolates displayed MDR phenotypes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study reports <i>Campylobacter coli</i> and <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> from dogs for the first time in Ilorin, Kwara State, and highlights the antimicrobial resistance patterns of the isolates. The presence of antimicrobial-resistant <i>Campylobacter</i> species in dogs calls for continuous surveillance, given the zoonotic potential of this organism.</p>","PeriodicalId":14629,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of veterinary research","volume":"27 1","pages":"38-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13647923/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149136540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancement of bone healing through the direct injection of osteogenic and maintenance media concurrent with hydroxyapatite in a rat model of radial bone defects.","authors":"A M Jannesar, A Bigham Sadegh, A Oryan, A Tabatabaie Naeini, M H Khanbazi","doi":"10.22099/ijvr.2025.51865.7721","DOIUrl":"10.22099/ijvr.2025.51865.7721","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Healing critical bone defects remains a major challenge for orthopedic surgeons. Numerous studies have explored ways to enhance bone regeneration.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the healing potential of osteogenic and maintenance cell culture media when applied directly to the defect site, either alone or in combination with hydroxyapatite (HA) granules.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Seventy male Wistar rats were divided into seven groups: empty defect (n=10, negative control), autograft (n=10, positive control), HA (n=10), osteogenic medium (OM) (n=10), maintenance medium (MM) (n=10), MM+HA (n=10), and OM+HA (n=10). A 5 mm radial diaphyseal gap was created as a critical-sized defect. Culture media were injected transcutaneously into the gap on the fourth day post-surgery. Radiological evaluations were conducted on postoperative days 14, 28, 42, and 56. Histopathological assessments were performed on days 28 and 56.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>OM and MM, both alone and combined with HA, demonstrated significant bone healing capacity. Radiologically, all treatment groups showed superior healing compared with the negative control. Bone regeneration in the OM group was comparable to the autograft group on days 42 and 56. Histopathologically, all groups exhibited advanced healing on days 28 and 56, except the HA group. Notably, bone healing in HA+OM and HA+MM on day 28, and in OM and MM on both days 28 and 56, was similar to that observed with autografts.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Osteogenic and maintenance media exhibit promising bone regenerative properties and may serve as effective treatments for bone defects, provided that suitable delivery and support systems are developed.</p>","PeriodicalId":14629,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of veterinary research","volume":"27 1","pages":"16-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13647924/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149136553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of second-grade <i>Trigonella foenum-graecum</i> seed supplementation on voluntary intake, nutrient utilization, and growth performance in Black Bengal goats.","authors":"B Singh, C Bhakat, A K Singh, A Das, T K Dutta, M Karunakaran, D K Mandal, A Chatterjee, A Mohammad","doi":"10.22099/ijvr.2025.50873.7528","DOIUrl":"10.22099/ijvr.2025.50873.7528","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fenugreek (<i>Trigonella foenum-graecum</i>) seeds contain bioactive compounds that may enhance nutrient utilization and growth in small ruminants. However, fenugreek is often expensive and may compete with human food requirements.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study evaluated the effect of second-grade fenugreek seed supplementation with concentrate ration on intake, nutrient digestibility, and growth performance of Black Bengal goat kids.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 18 post-weaned Black Bengal female kids were selected and divided into three groups. The control group was fed a basal diet (a mixture of roughage and concentrate) without supplementation with fenugreek seed. The two treatment groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with fenugreek seeds at 2% and 4% of the dry matter of the concentrate mixture, respectively. Fenugreek seed samples were tested monthly to determine total phenolics, flavonoids, saponins, and alkaloids. The experiment was conducted for 120 days, followed by a 7-day digestibility trial.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study revealed that total crude protein intake was significantly (P<0.05) higher in the treatment groups compared with the control group without affecting the dry matter intake. Fenugreek seed supplementation significantly (P<0.05) increased the digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, ether extract, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, hemicellulose, and total carbohydrate compared with the control group. The treatment groups had significant (P<0.01) increases in average daily gain and improved the feed conversion ratio, digestible crude protein, and total digestible nutrients intake significantly (P<0.01) compared with the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Hence, supplementing second-grade fenugreek seeds at 2% and 4% of concentrate dry matter improves nutrient intake, digestibility, growth performance, and economic returns.</p>","PeriodicalId":14629,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of veterinary research","volume":"27 1","pages":"81-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13647921/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149136535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>spa</i> typing of methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> isolated from dogs in Ilam Province, Iran.","authors":"A Shirkhani, F Pourahmad, M Nemati","doi":"10.22099/ijvr.2026.51783.7705","DOIUrl":"10.22099/ijvr.2026.51783.7705","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> is a significant Gram-positive bacterium commonly found in both human and animal hosts. Among the variants of <i>S. aureus</i>, methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) has garnered particular concern, as it exhibits resistance to β-lactam antibiotics, including methicillin, posing substantial treatment challenges.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The present study investigated the genotypic patterns of <i>S. aureus</i> isolated from dogs in Ilam Province, Iran, in order to enhance the understanding of strain diversity and distribution within this population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total number of 250 samples were collected from the nose, mouth, and rectum of dogs, leading to the identification of 81 isolates confirmed as <i>S. aureus</i>.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) analysis identified 9 of these isolates as methicillin-resistant <i>S. aureus</i> (MRSA), carrying the <i>mecA</i> gene. Further <i>spa</i> typing categorized the MRSA isolates into three distinct <i>spa</i> types: t127, t309, and t3024. The most common types were t127 and t3024, each present in 4 isolates (44.44%), with t309 identified in only 1 isolate (11.11%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings highlight a significant genetic diversity of <i>S. aureus</i> among dogs, potentially influenced by environmental factors, dietary habits, and social interactions. Notably, the prevalence of the t3024 <i>spa</i> type suggests specific regional influences that may contribute to its spread. The observed patterns of genetic diversity underscore the need for further epidemiological studies to address public health challenges posed by <i>Staphylococcus</i> infections in both animals and humans. The present study contributes to valuable insights on the dynamics of <i>S. aureus</i>, facilitating the development of targeted strategies for infection prevention and control.</p>","PeriodicalId":14629,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of veterinary research","volume":"27 1","pages":"99-104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13647965/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149136477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}