Human Brain Mapping最新文献

{"title":"Benchmarking fMRI Denoising Pipelines","authors":"Tianye Zhai,&nbsp;Hong Gu,&nbsp;Anika Holton,&nbsp;Elanor Chang,&nbsp;Blaise B. Frederick,&nbsp;Thomas J. Ross,&nbsp;Yihong Yang,&nbsp;Amy C. Janes","doi":"10.1002/hbm.70561","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hbm.70561","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a powerful tool for probing neuronal activity in vivo, but fMRI data are inherently noisy. To mitigate this, a wide range of denoising strategies have been developed, including volume censoring, anatomical component-based noise correction (aCompCor), ICA-based methods (e.g., AROMA, FIX), and multi-echo approaches (e.g., ME-ICA, tedana). These techniques are often applied in different combinations and have been predominantly evaluated on single-echo resting-state fMRI data—typically without incorporating more recent methodological advances known to improve modeling, such as order-independent “1-step regression”, modeling temporal autocorrelation (pre-whitening), and temporal shifting of physiological nuisance regressors. To fill this gap, we used a framework that incorporates these methods and benchmarked a range of denoising pipelines across task and resting-state, single- and multi-band, and single- and multi-echo fMRI datasets, using different combinations of standard denoising confounds. Pipeline performance was evaluated using temporal signal-to-noise ratio (tSNR) and percentage remaining degrees-of-freedom (DoF), effectiveness of motion correction, and effectiveness of signal preservation. While pipelines only using ICA were insufficient, those that incorporated physiological nuisance regressors performed well. Additional improvements were observed when temporally shifted physiological regressors were accounted for. Based on these results, we provide recommendations for selecting denoising pipelines and emphasize the need for continued benchmarking as new methods are developed or applied in novel contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":13019,"journal":{"name":"Human Brain Mapping","volume":"47 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hbm.70561","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148360578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brain Structural Abnormalities in Addiction Disorders: Transdiagnostic Meta-Analyses.","authors":"Duaa M Banaja, Enrique Torres Hernandez, Crystal G Franklin, P Mickle Fox, Chukwuemeka N Okafor, Brett C Ginsburg, Felipe S Salinas, John C Moring, Peter T Fox","doi":"10.1002/hbm.70551","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hbm.70551","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Addictions are commonly classified as either substance-use disorders (SUD) or behavioral addictions (BA). SUDs are well established in taxonomies of mental-health disorders. BAs are only recently recognized as mental-health disorders, with limited and conflicting categorizations. Within each category, individual diagnoses are based on objects of addiction. Despite addiction prevalence, no comprehensive coordinate-based meta-analysis (CBMA) has examined both SUD and BA. The overall goal of this study was to identify GM alterations associated with SUD and BA, both independently and jointly. To this end, a total of 108 peer-reviewed VBM studies reporting case-control contrasts in addiction disorders were identified: 83 reports across five SUD diagnoses (8206 participants); and 25 BA reports across two diagnoses (1572 participants). On these datasets, eight transdiagnostic alteration likelihood estimation (ALE) CBMAs were performed. Three primary ALEs computed cross-study neuroanatomical convergence for: (1) SUD; (2) BA; and (3) Pooled Addictions (SUD + BA). These three primary ALEs were supplemented by five ALE-to-ALE comparison analyses: interaction (SUD + BA to SUD and BA), overlap (SUD on BA), conjunction (SUD on BA), and contrast (SUD > BA; BA > SUD). The independently performed ALEs demonstrated largely distinct anatomical-alteration patterns, overlapping only in the caudate nucleus. The pooled ALE, however, yielded many (n = 24/34) alteration foci not identified in either independent ALE. All newly emerging foci were contributed to by both conditions (SUD and BA) and thus termed \"interactive.\" Functional decoding of all three ALEs consistently identified reward and reward-related cognitive operations as being performed by the brain-regions exhibiting structural alterations in addiction disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":13019,"journal":{"name":"Human Brain Mapping","volume":"47 10","pages":"e70551"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13367133/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148436648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Symptom Overlap and Neurobiological Similarities Between Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Tinnitus","authors":"John C. Moring,&nbsp;Fatima T. Husain,&nbsp;Crystal Franklin,&nbsp;Emilia Kaniewska,&nbsp;Quintin Hecht,&nbsp;Amanda Flores,&nbsp;Danielle K. Mullen,&nbsp;Carlos Esquivel,&nbsp;Andrew Fallon,&nbsp;Suheily Lovelace,&nbsp;Patricia A. Resick,&nbsp;Stacey Young-McCaughan,&nbsp;Alan L. Peterson,&nbsp;Peter T. Fox,&nbsp;for the STRONG STAR Consortium","doi":"10.1002/hbm.70582","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hbm.70582","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Many symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) overlap with the psychological sequelae of tinnitus, including sleep difficulty, concentration problems, hypervigilance, and irritability. Although these two disorders are clearly distinct, they are highly comorbid, may have shared etiology, and are among the top service-connected disabilities within the VA healthcare system. This study aimed to determine neuropathophysiological similarities and differences among veterans with both PTSD and tinnitus, tinnitus only, and healthy controls. Resting-state networks were identified by previous studies and extracted to examine functional connectivity patterns. Networks included the default mode network (DMN), auditory vigilance (AUDVIG), salience (SN), dorsal attention (DAN), and emotion (EMO) networks. Functional connectivity among specific brain regions was decreased among the tinnitus only group compared to the healthy control group and was further decreased when PTSD was present with tinnitus. Findings suggest that the additive and negative effects observed symptomatically may be explained by decreased functional connectivity, especially with respect to the DMN and AUDVIG networks.</p>","PeriodicalId":13019,"journal":{"name":"Human Brain Mapping","volume":"47 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hbm.70582","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148351847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intrinsic Functional Architecture Reflects Individual Differences in Passive Working Memory: An Exploratory Resting-State fMRI Study","authors":"Yun Tian,&nbsp;Jiangtao Chen,&nbsp;Ziyuan Li,&nbsp;Li Gong,&nbsp;Qiang Liu","doi":"10.1002/hbm.70597","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hbm.70597","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Passive working memory (WM) is rarely detectable because it is thought to rely less on persistent neural firing, leaving a minimal trace in ongoing brain activity. This elusive nature poses a major challenge for exploring its neural basis. While the activity-silent working memory (ASWM) framework proposes that such latent representations are maintained through transient reconfiguration in intrinsic functional connectivity, tracking these rapid dynamics via functional MRI remains methodologically difficult. Alternatively, investigating the brain's intrinsic functional architecture provides insights into the baseline “neural scaffolding” that predisposes individuals to successful passive WM. To explore this, we combined pre-task resting-state fMRI, structural MRI, and behavioral data from a sequential change-detection paradigm in 151 healthy adults. Functional connectivity–behavior associations revealed that individual differences in passive WM performance were significantly reflected by intrinsic connections among large-scale networks encompassing dorsal attention, control, and sensorimotor. Granger causality analyses further revealed a group-level temporal dependency pattern linking these functional systems. Furthermore, exploratory structural analyses suggested spatial convergence between uncorrected cortical-thickness associations and certain functionally identified sensorimotor nodes. Overall, this study adopts an exploratory approach to demonstrate that baseline intrinsic functional architecture—complemented by preliminary structural findings—is significantly associated with individual differences in passive WM.</p>","PeriodicalId":13019,"journal":{"name":"Human Brain Mapping","volume":"47 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hbm.70597","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148351854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeled Long-Term Effects of Psilocybin on Dynamic Activity and Effective Connectivity of Fronto-Striatal-Thalamic Circuits","authors":"Lorenzo Pasquini,&nbsp;Jakub Vohryzek,&nbsp;Anira Escrichs,&nbsp;Yonatan Sanz Perl,&nbsp;Adrian Ponce-Alvarez,&nbsp;Sebastian Idesis,&nbsp;Manesh Girn,&nbsp;Leor Roseman,&nbsp;Jennifer M. Mitchell,&nbsp;Adam Gazzaley,&nbsp;Morten Kringelbach,&nbsp;David J. Nutt,&nbsp;Taylor Lyons,&nbsp;Robin L. Carhart-Harris,&nbsp;Gustavo Deco","doi":"10.1002/hbm.70596","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hbm.70596","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Psilocybin has been shown to induce fast and sustained symptoms improvements across various psychiatric conditions, yet its long-term mechanisms of action are not fully understood. Initial evidence suggests that longitudinal functional and structural brain changes implicate fronto-striatal-thalamic (FST) circuitry, a broad system involved in goal-directed behavior and motivational states. Here, we performed secondary analyses and applied computational modeling to resting-state fMRI data from a within-subject longitudinal psilocybin trial in psychedelic-naïve healthy volunteers. We first showed that dynamic FST activity increased 4 weeks after a full dose of psilocybin. We then proceeded to mechanistically account for these changes by providing tentative model-based support that reductions in the structure–function coupling contribute to increased dynamic FST activity postpsilocybin. Finally, we used computational approaches to show that psilocybin induces longitudinal increases in bottom-up and reduced top-down modulation of FST circuits. We then used publicly available receptor maps to show that cortical reductions in top-down modulation are linked to regional 5-HT2A receptor availability, while increased information outflow via subcortical and limbic regions relates to local D2 receptor availability. Together, these findings suggest that increased FST flexibility weeks after a high dose of psilocybin is linked to serotonergic-mediated decreases in top-down information flow and dopaminergic-mediated increases in bottom-up information flow. This long-term functional re-organization of FST circuits may represent a common mechanism contributing to the potential clinical efficacy of psilocybin across various neuropsychiatric disorders including substance abuse, major depression, and anorexia nervosa.</p>","PeriodicalId":13019,"journal":{"name":"Human Brain Mapping","volume":"47 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hbm.70596","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148360537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Test–Retest Reliability of Sensorimotor Activity Measured With Spinal Cord fMRI","authors":"Olivia S. Kowalczyk,&nbsp;Sonia Medina,&nbsp;Alessandra Venezia,&nbsp;Dimitra Tsivaka,&nbsp;Aminul I. Ahmed,&nbsp;Steven C. R. Williams,&nbsp;Jonathan C. W. Brooks,&nbsp;David J. Lythgoe,&nbsp;Matthew A. Howard","doi":"10.1002/hbm.70593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.70593","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Establishing the reliability of spinal cord functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is critical before employing it to assess experimental or clinical interventions. Previous studies have mapped human motor activity primarily to the ipsilateral ventral horn, aligning with myotomal and dermatomal projections. Despite these insights, the test–retest reliability of spinal fMRI remains under-investigated. Here we assessed spinal cord activation during a sensorimotor paradigm involving right-hand grasping and grip force estimation in 30 healthy volunteers. Participants completed two identical scanning visits, each time performing the same task twice, enabling the investigation of test–retest reliability both within a single experimental visit and between visits performed on different days. Aggregating all task runs, motor-evoked activation was observed in ipsilateral ventro-dorsal regions of spinal segmental levels C5–T1, as well as in medial regions of levels C2–C3. Despite highly reliable task performance (grip force) and fMRI signal quality (temporal signal-to-noise ratio), the reliability of motor activation was predominantly <i>poor</i>-to-<i>fair</i> both within and between visits, with notable variability in spatial distribution observed across task runs. Increasing the number of task runs per individual improved the robustness of group-level activation, as indexed by higher activated voxel count, larger cluster spatial extent, and attenuated t-statistic distribution. Although we demonstrated that motor-evoked activation corresponds to the known neuroanatomical organisation of motor circuits, its low test–retest reliability presents a challenge for wider applications of spinal fMRI. Understanding the drivers of low reliability in functional imaging is warranted, but we suggest that looking beyond measurement error is required, including careful consideration of inherent within-individual variability underpinned by neurophysiological and psychological factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":13019,"journal":{"name":"Human Brain Mapping","volume":"47 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hbm.70593","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148343392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Human Visual Claustrum Responses to Physical Stimulus Properties and Subjective Content During Movie Viewing","authors":"Adam Coates,&nbsp;Paul Sedlmayr,&nbsp;Anna Wastian,&nbsp;Hannes Mayrhofer,&nbsp;David Linhardt,&nbsp;Christian Windischberger,&nbsp;Andreas Bartels,&nbsp;Anja Ischebeck,&nbsp;Natalia Zaretskaya","doi":"10.1002/hbm.70583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.70583","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The human claustrum is a small bilateral grey matter structure that is highly interconnected with cortical and subcortical regions. It has been implicated in different functions including sleep, multisensory integration, consciousness and attention, yet its exact function remains unclear. The primate claustrum is known to have distinct sensory regions, with the visual zone recently demonstrated in humans using high-resolution fMRI. In this study, we investigated stimulus properties that drive human visual claustrum activity. First, we tested the association of its response with various low- and mid-level physical stimulus features, including temporal and spatial contrast, color and motion. Second, we tested the association with subjective ratings of arousal, valence and interest. To compare the claustrum's responses with visual cortical regions, we performed the same analysis with the hV4 and hMT/V5+ complex. We found that the claustrum's visual response was associated with motion, as well as with arousal, interest and valence. The pattern of claustrum responses was similar to hMT/V5+. Given the well-established link between arousal and attentional allocation, as well as between saliency and motion, our results suggest that the visual claustrum may contribute to saliency detection and attention modulation during the sensory input.</p>","PeriodicalId":13019,"journal":{"name":"Human Brain Mapping","volume":"47 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hbm.70583","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148324479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"miniMORPH: A Morphometry Pipeline for Low-Field MRI in Infants","authors":"Chiara Casella,&nbsp;Aksel Leknes,&nbsp;Niall J. Bourke,&nbsp;Ayo Zahra,&nbsp;Daniel Cromb,&nbsp;Dora Barnes,&nbsp;Alejandra Martin Segura,&nbsp;Flora Silvester,&nbsp;Vanessa Kyriakopoulou,&nbsp;Daniel Elijah Scheiene,&nbsp;Simone R. Williams,&nbsp;Layla E. Bradford,&nbsp;Joanitta Murungi,&nbsp;Steven C. R. Williams,&nbsp;Sean C. L. Deoni,&nbsp;Victoria Nankabirwa,&nbsp;Kirsten A. Donald,&nbsp;Muriel M. K. Bruchhage,&nbsp;Jonathan O'Muircheartaigh","doi":"10.1002/hbm.70547","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hbm.70547","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Ultra-low-field (ULF) MRI facilitates neuroimaging access, yet its application in early infancy is constrained by low resolution and contrast, and the limited suitability of existing segmentation tools. In this work we introduce and validate miniMORPH, an open-source pipeline for automated brain volumetry from 0.064T T2-weighted MRI acquired across infancy and toddlerhood. ULF scans were acquired from infants aged 2 to 27 months across two cohorts in South Africa and Uganda. Age-specific templates and priors were used to segment major brain tissues and substructures. Validation used two high-field (HF) references: (i) expert manual HF segmentations for key ROIs across ages, and (ii) automated HF segmentations from SuperSynth on paired HF-ULF scans. We quantified (a) between-subject ordering across modalities using Pearson’s correlation (<i>r</i>) and (b) systematic scaling differences using percentage error (PE) and time-corrected percentage error (CPE), stratifying performance by cohort and age. Face validity was also tested via mixed-effects models of age, sex, and birthweight. miniMORPH generated anatomically plausible segmentations of major brain regions across infancy. In paired HF-ULF comparisons, between-subject ordering was generally preserved across many ROIs, with stronger correspondence in the South African cohort than in the Ugandan cohort at 12 months. Systematic scaling offsets were most evident in CSF-rich or boundary-sensitive compartments, with consistently negative CPE for ventricles and cerebellum. Performance varied with age, showing the greatest variability at 3 months. miniMORPH successfully captured regional age-related growth trajectories. Sex-dependent volumetric differences were widespread but attenuated after intracranial volume correction. Low birthweight infants exhibited reduced regional volumes and altered growth trajectories. Taken together, these findings indicate that miniMORPH enables volumetric analysis of ULF infant MRI and preserves between-subject variation suitable for developmental and group analyses. ROI- and cohort-specific offsets, particularly in CSF-rich regions, may require calibration when absolute volumes are needed. The pipeline is openly available at https://github.com/UNITY-Physics/fw-minimorph.</p>","PeriodicalId":13019,"journal":{"name":"Human Brain Mapping","volume":"47 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hbm.70547","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148301331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Individual Differences in Error-Related Brain Activity and Post-Error Slowing in Children","authors":"Gülce Akin,&nbsp;Sina A. Schwarze,&nbsp;Ulman Lindenberger,&nbsp;Silvia A. Bunge,&nbsp;Yana Fandakova","doi":"10.1002/hbm.70581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.70581","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Errors play a crucial role in learning and goal-directed behavior by triggering cognitive adjustments to optimize future task performance. One such adjustment is post-error slowing (PES), the tendency to respond more slowly after an error. In adults, PES has been associated with regions implicated in error processing, including the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and anterior insula. The prolonged maturation of these regions is thought to contribute to less efficient error processing in children and PES compared to adults. Additionally, while some errors may be immediately corrected, resulting in isolated errors, others may require multiple correction attempts, resulting in consecutive errors. Compared to adults, children may need more attempts to correct their errors due to the ongoing neurodevelopment of error processing. We investigated age differences in error types and in PES between children (<i>N</i> = 159, 8–11 years) and adults (<i>N</i> = 40, 20–30 years) during task switching. We tested whether individual differences in error processing-related activation contributed to PES within a subsample of children that performed the task during scanning (<i>N</i> = 72). Children made mostly consecutive errors, whereas adults made mostly isolated errors. PES magnitudes were larger in adults than in children. Children showed enhanced error-related activity in dorsal ACC and the anterior insula. Enhanced error-related activity in the insula was associated with better performance and reduced switch costs. These findings suggest that the neurodevelopment of error processing in late childhood contributes to the improved ability to adjust behavior following errors, and consequently to task-switching performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":13019,"journal":{"name":"Human Brain Mapping","volume":"47 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hbm.70581","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148282614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reduced Cerebral Blood Flow in the Early Chronic Phase of Recurrent Concussion Among Female Collegiate-Aged Athletes","authors":"Mitchell J. Andersson,&nbsp;Bryna D. Goeckner,&nbsp;Lezlie Y. España,&nbsp;Andrew R. Mayer,&nbsp;Benjamin L. Brett,&nbsp;Timothy B. Meier","doi":"10.1002/hbm.70584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.70584","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The susceptibility of athletes to long-term adverse outcomes following recurrent concussion remains controversial. Acute concussion precipitates a transient reduction in cerebral blood flow (CBF) that typically returns to pre-injury levels. Recent work suggests that long-term CBF alterations may be sex-specific. We assessed whether concussion history was associated with chronic CBF alterations and whether sex moderated this relationship in otherwise healthy, active collegiate-aged athletes. Collegiate-aged athletes from the community (<i>N</i> = 204, 37.8% female, <i>M</i>_age = 21.0 ± 1.7) underwent magnetic resonance imaging with pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling to quantify global and regional CBF and spatial coefficient of variation. Participants also completed measures of depression, anxiety, and cognition. Multiple linear regressions incorporating prior concussion-by-sex interaction terms adjusted for relevant covariates were fit to estimate the extent to which sex moderated the concussion history—CBF relationship. Exploratory analyses further assessed whether oral contraceptive use or pill formulation moderated this association in females. The number of prior concussions was negatively associated with global and regional gray-matter CBF in female but not male athletes, with the strongest associations localizing to frontotemporal regions. CBF metrics were not related to cognitive performance or affective symptom burden. Contraceptive use did not appear to substantially moderate the concussion history—CBF association in female athletes. Female-specific associations between concussion history and cerebral hypoperfusion in early adulthood suggest potential sex differences in pathways and trajectories of adverse long-term outcomes. Early chronic CBF alterations may represent one vulnerability to future risk in a sex-specific manner.</p>","PeriodicalId":13019,"journal":{"name":"Human Brain Mapping","volume":"47 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hbm.70584","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148282615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}