Human Brain Mapping最新文献

{"title":"Human Cortico-Cerebellar Dynamics During Motor Error Processing After Stroke","authors":"Nitesh Singh Malan,&nbsp;Raghavan Gopalakrishnan,&nbsp;David Cunningham,&nbsp;Olivia Hogue,&nbsp;Kenneth B. Baker,&nbsp;Andre G. Machado","doi":"10.1002/hbm.70227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.70227","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The cerebellum acts as a forward internal model to predict motor outcomes, compare them with sensory feedback, and generate prediction errors that refine prediction accuracy. Our physiological understanding of cerebellar function during motor control derives predominantly from animal experiments and clinical observations in patients with disorders of the cerebellum or its connections with the cerebrum and spinal cord. Here, we report a human electrophysiology-based investigation of cerebello-thalamo-cortical pathway activity during motor error detection and correction. Participants performed a computerized motor oddball task while synchronized electrophysiological recordings were collected from cerebellar dentate (DN) using depth electrodes and scalp electroencephalography (EEG). The task involved moving a 2-D ball on a screen toward a predetermined target at 40% (standard trials) or 20% (oddball trials) of their maximum voluntary contraction. Six participants completed an average of 239 trials, with oddball trials randomly occurring with a 30% frequency. At the cortex, oddball trials exhibited significantly greater centro-parietal error positivity and fronto-centro-parietal desynchronization during error correction, predominantly in the alpha and low beta frequency bands. DN examination also revealed greater alpha and low beta desynchronization during error correction. Lastly, oddball trials showed significantly greater cortico-cerebellar coherence during error correction in the same frequency bands with bidirectional interaction between the cortex and DN. These findings expand on the cortico-cerebello-cortical physiology of human motor control and provide cues for designing interventions aimed at alleviating the functional burdens of acquired injuries of the central nervous system.</p>","PeriodicalId":13019,"journal":{"name":"Human Brain Mapping","volume":"46 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hbm.70227","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143949916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Links Between Subcortical Brain Morphometry and Suicide Attempt Risk in Children and Adults","authors":"Zuriel Ceja,&nbsp;Luis M. García-Marín,&nbsp;I-Tzu Hung,&nbsp;Sarah E. Medland,&nbsp;Alexis C. Edwards,&nbsp;Miguel E. Rentería,&nbsp;Jill A. Rabinowitz","doi":"10.1002/hbm.70220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.70220","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have uncovered genetic variants associated with suicide attempt (SA) risk and regional brain volumes (RBVs). However, the extent of their genetic overlap remains unclear. To address this, we investigated whether the genetic architecture of SA and various RBVs (i.e., caudate nucleus, hippocampus, brainstem, ventral diencephalon, thalamus, globus pallidus, putamen, nucleus accumbens, amygdala and intracranial volume (ICV)) was shared. We leveraged GWAS summary statistics from the largest available datasets on SA (<i>N</i> = 958,896) and intracranial and subcortical RBVs (<i>N</i> = 74,898). Using linkage disequilibrium score regression, we estimated genome-wide genetic correlations between SA and individual RBVs. GWAS-pairwise analyses identified genomic segments associated with both SA and RBVs, followed by functional annotation. Additionally, we examined whether polygenic scores (PGS) for SA were associated with ICV and subcortical brain structure phenotypes in youth of European ancestry (<i>N</i> = 5276) in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Linkage disequilibrium score regression results indicated a significant genetic correlation between SA and ICV (rG = −0.10, <i>p</i>-value = 1.9 × 10–3). GWAS-pairwise analyses and functional annotation revealed 10 genomic segments associated with SA and at least one RBV (thalamus, putamen and caudate nucleus). After adjusting for multiple tests, PGS association analysis indicated that a higher PGS for SA was significantly associated with a smaller volume of the right nucleus accumbens (<i>b</i> = −7.05, <i>p</i> = 0.018). Our findings highlight a negative genetic correlation between SA and ICV amongst adults and suggest different neural correlates associated with genetic risk for SA across developmental periods. This study advances our understanding of the shared genetic underpinnings of SA and brain structure, potentially informing future research and clinical interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":13019,"journal":{"name":"Human Brain Mapping","volume":"46 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hbm.70220","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143944570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brain Morphometry in Infants Later Diagnosed With Autism is Related to Later Language Skills","authors":"Luke E. Moraglia,&nbsp;Bernadette Weigman,&nbsp;Hervé Abdi,&nbsp;Martin Styner,&nbsp;Sun Hyung Kim,&nbsp;Catherine A. Burrows,&nbsp;Mark D. Shen,&nbsp;Shruthi Ravi,&nbsp;Jason J. Wolff,&nbsp;Stephen R. Dager,&nbsp;Heather C. Hazlett,&nbsp;Juhi Pandey,&nbsp;Robert T. Schultz,&nbsp;Jessica B. Girault,&nbsp;Kelly N. Botteron,&nbsp;Natasha Marrus,&nbsp;Annette M. Estes,&nbsp;Tanya St. John,&nbsp;Guoyan Zheng,&nbsp;Joseph Piven,&nbsp;Meghan R. Swanson,&nbsp;the IBIS Network","doi":"10.1002/hbm.70221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.70221","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) presents early in life with distinct social and language differences. This study explores the association between infant brain morphometry and language abilities using an infant-sibling design. Participants included infants who had an older sibling with autism (high likelihood, HL) who were later diagnosed with autism (HL-ASD; <i>n</i> = 31) and two non-autistic control groups: HL-Neg (HL infants not diagnosed with autism; <i>n</i> = 126) and LL-Neg (typically developing infants who did not have an older sibling with autism; <i>n</i> = 77). Using a whole-brain approach, we measured cortical thickness and surface area at 6 and 12 months and expressive and receptive language abilities at 24 months. Partial least squares correlation analyses were computed separately for each of the three groups. Results from the HL-ASD group indicated negative associations between surface area in the left inferior frontal gyrus and 24-month language abilities. Notably, regions outside the standard adult language network were also associated with language in the HL-ASD group. Results in the HL-ASD group highlight the distinct processing guiding development of surface area and cortical thickness; associations were mostly negative for surface area at 6 months but mostly positive for cortical thickness at the same time point. Results from this data-driven study align with the theory of interactive specialization—a theory highlighting the dynamic nature of the infant brain—and advocate for a whole-brain approach in investigating early brain-behavior neurodevelopment in ASD.</p>","PeriodicalId":13019,"journal":{"name":"Human Brain Mapping","volume":"46 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hbm.70221","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143926130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Topography of Functional Organization of Beat Perception in Human Premotor Cortex: Causal Evidence From a Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) Study","authors":"Giorgio Lazzari,&nbsp;Giulio Costantini,&nbsp;Stefania La Rocca,&nbsp;Andrea Massironi,&nbsp;Luigi Cattaneo,&nbsp;Virginia Penhune,&nbsp;Carlotta Lega","doi":"10.1002/hbm.70225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.70225","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Humans can flexibly extract a regular beat from complex rhythmic auditory patterns, as often occurs in music. Contemporary models of beat perception suggest that the premotor cortex (PMC) and the supplementary motor area (SMA) are integral to this process. However, how these motor planning regions actively contribute to beat perception, along with any potential hemispheric specialization, remains open questions. Therefore, following the validation of stimuli in a behavioral experiment (Experiment I, <i>N</i> = 29, 12 males, mean age = 23.8 ± 0.7 years), we employed transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to test the causal contribution of these regions to beat perception. In Experiment II (<i>N</i> = 40, 16 males, mean age = 23.2 ± 2.37 years), we applied online repetitive TMS (rTMS) over a defined grid encompassing the right rostral and caudal dPMC, SMA, and pre-SMA, and a sham control location. Results showed that stimulation of the caudal portion of right dPMC selectively affected beat perception compared to all other regions. In Experiment III (preregistered, <i>N</i> = 42, 17 males, mean age = 23.5 ± 2.61 years), we tested the lateralization of this contribution by applying rTMS over right and left caudal dPMC. Our results showed that only stimulation over right, but not left, dPMC modulated beat perception. Finally, across all three experiments, individual differences in musical reward predicted beat perception sensitivity. Together, these results support the causal role of the right dPMC in generating internal action predictions and perceptual expectations regarding ongoing sequential events, in line with recent models emphasizing the role of the dorsal auditory stream in beat-based temporal perception. These findings offer valuable insights into the functional organization of the premotor cortex, contributing to a deeper understanding of the neural mechanisms involved in human rhythm perception.</p>","PeriodicalId":13019,"journal":{"name":"Human Brain Mapping","volume":"46 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hbm.70225","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143926131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy Imaging Endophenotypes and Relationship With Cognition and Resting-State EEG","authors":"Aaron F. Struck,&nbsp;Camille Garcia-Ramos,&nbsp;Klevest Gjini,&nbsp;Jana E. Jones,&nbsp;Vivek Prabhakaran,&nbsp;Nagesh Adluru,&nbsp;Bruce P. Hermann","doi":"10.1002/hbm.70226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.70226","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Structural neuroimaging studies of patients with Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy (JME) typically present two findings: 1-volume reduction of subcortical gray matter structures, and 2-abnormalities of cortical thickness. The general trend has been to observe increased cortical thickness primarily in medial frontal regions, but heterogeneity across studies is common, including reports of decreased cortical thickness. These differences have not been explained. The cohort of patients investigated here originates from the Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy Connectome Project, which included comprehensive neuropsychological testing, 3 T MRI, and high-density 256-channel EEG. 64 JME patients aged 12–25 and 41 age and sex-matched healthy controls were included. Data-driven approaches were used to compare cortical thickness and subcortical volumes between the JME and control participants. After differences were identified, supervised machine learning was used to confirm their classification power. K-means clustering was used to generate imaging endophenotypes, which were then correlated with cognition, EEG frequency band lagged coherence from resting state high-density EEG, and white and grey matter based spatial statistics from diffusion imaging. The volumes of subcortical gray matter structures, particularly the thalamus and the motor-associated thalamic nuclei (ventral anterior), were found to be smaller in JME. In addition, the right hemisphere (primarily) sulcal pre-motor cortex was abnormally thicker in an age-dependent manner in JME with an asymmetry in the pre-motor cortical findings. These results suggested that for some patients JME may be an asymmetric disease, at least at the cortical level. Cluster analysis revealed three discrete imaging endophenotypes (left, right, symmetric). Clinically, the groups were not substantially different except for cognition, where left hemisphere disease was linked with a lower performance on a general cognitive factor (“g”). HD-EEG demonstrated statistically significant differences between imaging endophenotypes. Tract-based spatial statistics showed significant changes between endophenotypes as well. The left dominant disease group exhibited diffuse white matter changes. JME patients present with heterogeneity in underlying imaging endophenotypes that are defined by the presence and laterality of asymmetric abnormality at the level of the pre-motor sulcal cortex; these endophenotypes are linked to orderly relationships with cognition, EEG, and white matter pathology. The relationship of JME's adolescent onset, age-dependent cortical thickness loss, and seizure upon awakening all suggest that synaptic pruning may be a key element in the pathogenesis of JME. Individualized treatment approaches for neuromodulation are needed to target the most relevant cortical and subcortical structures as well as develop disease-modifying and neuroprotective strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":13019,"journal":{"name":"Human Brain Mapping","volume":"46 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hbm.70226","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143930347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to “Decoding the Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Neural Response Similarity in Auditory Processing: A Multivariate Analysis Based on OPM-MEG”","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/hbm.70228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.70228","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Liu, C., Y. Ma, X. Liang, M. Xiang, H. Wu, and X. Ning. 2025. “Decoding the Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Neural Response Similarity in Auditory Processing: A Multivariate Analysis Based on OPM-MEG.” <i>Human Brain Mapping</i> 46, no. 4: e70175. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.70175.</p><p>One of the corresponding author's name was inadvertently misspelled as “Xiaoling Ning”. It should be corrected to “Xiaolin Ning”.</p><p>The online version of the article has been corrected accordingly.</p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":13019,"journal":{"name":"Human Brain Mapping","volume":"46 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hbm.70228","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping Brain Lesions to Conduction Delays: The Next Step for Personalized Brain Models in Multiple Sclerosis","authors":"C. Mazzara,&nbsp;A. Ziaeemehr,&nbsp;E. Troisi Lopez,&nbsp;L. Cipriano,&nbsp;M. Angiolelli,&nbsp;M. Sparaco,&nbsp;M. Quarantelli,&nbsp;C. Granata,&nbsp;G. Sorrentino,&nbsp;M. Hashemi,&nbsp;V. Jirsa,&nbsp;P. Sorrentino","doi":"10.1002/hbm.70219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.70219","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a clinically heterogeneous, multifactorial autoimmune disorder affecting the central nervous system. Structural damage to the myelin sheath, resulting in the consequent slowing of the conduction velocities, is a key pathophysiological mechanism. In fact, the conduction velocities are closely related to the degree of myelination, with thicker myelin sheaths associated to higher conduction velocities. However, how the intensity of the structural lesions of the myelin translates to slowing of nerve conduction delays is not known. In this work, we use large-scale brain models and Bayesian model inversion to estimate how myelin lesions translate to longer conduction delays across the damaged tracts. A cohort of 38 subjects (20 healthy and 18 with MS) underwent MEG recordings during an eyes-closed resting-state condition, along with MRI acquisitions and detailed white matter tractography analysis. We observed that MS patients consistently showed decreased power within the alpha frequency band (8–13 Hz) as compared to the healthy group. We also derived a lesion matrix indicating the percentage of lesions for each tract in every patient. Using large-scale brain modeling, the neural activity of each region was represented as a Stuart-Landau oscillator operating in a regime showing damped oscillations, and the regions were coupled according to subject-specific connectomes. We propose a linear formulation to the relationship between the conduction delays and the amount of structural damage in each white matter tract. Dependent upon the parameter <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>γ</mi>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$$ upgamma $$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>, this function translates lesions into edge-specific conduction delays (leading to shifts in the power spectra). Using deep neural density estimators, we found that the estimation of <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>γ</mi>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$$ upgamma $$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> showed a strong correlation with the alpha peak in MEG recordings. The most probable inferred <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>γ</mi>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$$ upgamma $$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> for each subject is inversely proportional to the observed peaks, while power peaks themselves do not correlate with total lesion volume. Furthermore, the estimated parameters were predictive (cross-sectionally) of individual clinical disability. This study represents the initial exploration showcasing the location-specific impact of myelin lesions on conduction delays, thereby enhancing the customization of models for individuals with multiple sclerosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":13019,"journal":{"name":"Human Brain Mapping","volume":"46 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hbm.70219","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143901097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Layer-Dependent Effect of Aβ-Pathology on Cortical Microstructure With Ex Vivo Human Brain Diffusion MRI at 7 Tesla","authors":"Zhiyong Zhao,&nbsp;Zuozhen Cao,&nbsp;Qinfeng Zhu,&nbsp;Haoan Xu,&nbsp;Sihui Li,&nbsp;Liangying Zhu,&nbsp;Guojun Xu,&nbsp;Keqing Zhu,&nbsp;Jing Zhang,&nbsp;Dan Wu","doi":"10.1002/hbm.70222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.70222","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The laminar-specific distributions of Aβ and Tau deposition in the neocortex of Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been established. However, direct evidence about the effect of AD pathology on cortical microstructure is lacking in human studies. We performed high-resolution T2-weighted and diffusion-weighted MRI (dMRI) on 15 ex vivo whole-hemisphere specimens, including eight cases with low AD neuropathologic change, three cases with primary age-related tauopathy (PART), and four healthy controls (HCs). Using the diffusion tensor model, we evaluated microstructure patterns in six layers of gray matter cortex and performed MRI-histology correlation analysis across cortical layers. Aβ-positive cases exhibited higher diffusivity than Aβ-negative cases (PART and HC) in selected cortical regions, particularly in the inferior frontal cortex. Both Aβ/Tau depositions and dMRI-based microstructural markers demonstrated distinct cortical layer-dependent and region-specific patterns. A significant positive correlation was observed between increased diffusivity and Aβ burden across six cortical layers but not with Tau burden. Furthermore, the mean diffusivity in layer V of the inferior frontal cortex significantly increased with the Amyloid stage. Our findings demonstrate a layer-dependent effect of Aβ pathology on cortical microstructure of the human brain, which may be used to serve as a marker of low AD neuropathologic change.</p>","PeriodicalId":13019,"journal":{"name":"Human Brain Mapping","volume":"46 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hbm.70222","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Asymmetric Modulation of Brain Connectivity by Anodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Healthy Individuals: A Single-Blind, Randomized Sham-Controlled Trial","authors":"Tiffany Carther-Krone,&nbsp;Zachary A. McAllister,&nbsp;Eun Hyung Choi,&nbsp;Lawrence Ryner,&nbsp;Ji Hyun Ko","doi":"10.1002/hbm.70218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.70218","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) applied to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) has shown asymmetric behavioral effects, though the underlying neurophysiological mechanisms remain unclear. In this preliminary study with 34 healthy individuals, tDCS was applied to either the left or right DLPFC or a sham group. Behavioral and neurophysiological changes were examined by the Stroop test and resting-state fMRI, respectively, which were measured before and after a 15-min tDCS session. Seed-to-voxel connectivity analysis with seeds placed under the tDCS target regions (F3 and F4) showed no significant changes, but voxel-to-voxel whole-brain intrinsic connectivity (IC) analysis revealed significant 3 × 2 interaction effects (stimulation site × time) in the right DLPFC (18 mm off from the F4). Post hoc analysis showed that only the right DLPFC stimulation led to an increase in IC from pre- to post-stimulation. Consistent with this finding, right DLPFC stimulation improved Stroop task performance measured by increased interference score, which represents better inhibition of irrelevant information. These findings provide further insights into the hemispheric difference of tDCS effects and its underlying neurophysiological mechanisms. However, the small sample size limits the generalizability of the results and necessitates further research with a larger cohort for confirmation.</p>","PeriodicalId":13019,"journal":{"name":"Human Brain Mapping","volume":"46 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hbm.70218","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143897025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-Metric Approach for the Comparison of Denoising Techniques for Resting-State fMRI","authors":"Federica Goffi,&nbsp;Anna Maria Bianchi,&nbsp;Giandomenico Schiena,&nbsp;Paolo Brambilla,&nbsp;Eleonora Maggioni","doi":"10.1002/hbm.70080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.70080","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Despite the increasing use of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data for studying the spontaneous functional interactions within the brain, the achievement of robust results is often hampered by insufficient data quality and by poor knowledge of the most effective denoising methods. The present study aims to define an appropriate denoising strategy for rs-fMRI data by proposing a robust framework for the quantitative and comprehensive comparison of the performance of multiple pipelines made available by the newly proposed HALFpipe software. This will ultimately contribute to standardizing rs-fMRI preprocessing and denoising steps. Fifty-three participants took part in the study by undergoing a rs-fMRI session. Synthetic rs-fMRI data from one subject were also generated. Nine different denoising pipelines were applied in parallel to the minimally preprocessed fMRI data. The comparison was conducted by computing previously proposed and novel metrics that quantify the degree of artifact removal, signal enhancement, and resting-state network identifiability. A summary performance index, accounting for both noise removal and information preservation, was proposed. The results confirm the performance heterogeneity of different denoising pipelines across the different quality metrics. In both real and synthetic data, the summary performance index favored the denoising strategy including the regression of mean signals from white matter and cerebrospinal fluid brain areas and global signal. This pipeline resulted in the best compromise between artifact removal and preservation of the information on resting-state networks. Our study provided useful methodological tools and key information on the effectiveness of multiple denoising strategies for rs-fMRI data. Besides providing a robust comparison approach that could be adapted to other fMRI studies, a suitable denoising pipeline for rs-fMRI data was identified, which could be used to improve the reproducibility of rs-fMRI findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":13019,"journal":{"name":"Human Brain Mapping","volume":"46 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hbm.70080","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143892826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}