Human Brain Mapping最新文献

{"title":"Balancing Data Quality and Bias: Investigating Functional Connectivity Exclusions in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development℠ (ABCD Study) Across Quality Control Pathways.","authors":"Matthew Peverill, Justin D Russell, Taylor J Keding, Hailey M Rich, Max A Halvorson, Kevin M King, Rasmus M Birn, Ryan J Herringa","doi":"10.1002/hbm.70094","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hbm.70094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Analysis of resting state fMRI (rs-fMRI) typically excludes images substantially degraded by subject motion. However, data quality, including degree of motion, relates to a broad set of participant characteristics, particularly in pediatric neuroimaging. Consequently, when planning quality control (QC) procedures researchers must balance data quality concerns against the possibility of biasing results by eliminating data. In order to explore how researcher QC decisions might bias rs-fMRI findings and inform future research design, we investigated how a broad spectrum of participant characteristics in the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) study were related to participant inclusion/exclusion across versions of the dataset (the ABCD Community Collection and ABCD Release 4) and QC choices (specifically, motion scrubbing thresholds). Across all these conditions, we found that the odds of a participant's exclusion related to a broad spectrum of behavioral, demographic, and health-related variables, with the consequence that rs-fMRI analyses using these variables are likely to produce biased results. Consequently, we recommend that missing data be formally accounted for when analyzing rs-fMRI data and interpreting results. Our findings demonstrate the urgent need for better data acquisition and analysis techniques which minimize the impact of motion on data quality. Additionally, we strongly recommend including detailed information about quality control in open datasets such as ABCD.</p>","PeriodicalId":13019,"journal":{"name":"Human Brain Mapping","volume":"46 1","pages":"e70094"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11717557/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142948022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-Time Tractography-Assisted Neuronavigation for Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation.","authors":"Dogu Baran Aydogan, Victor H Souza, Renan H Matsuda, Pantelis Lioumis, Risto J Ilmoniemi","doi":"10.1002/hbm.70122","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hbm.70122","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;State-of-the-art navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (nTMS) systems can display the TMS coil position relative to the structural magnetic resonance image (MRI) of the subject's brain and calculate the induced electric field. However, the local effect of TMS propagates via the white-matter network to different areas of the brain, and currently there is no commercial or research neuronavigation system that can highlight in real time the brain's structural connections during TMS. This lack of real-time visualization may overlook critical inter-individual differences in brain connectivity and does not provide the opportunity to target brain networks. In contrast, real-time tractography enables on-the-fly parameter tuning and detailed exploration of connections, which is computationally inefficient and limited with offline methods. To target structural brain connections, particularly in network-based treatments like major depressive disorder, a real-time tractography-based neuronavigation solution is needed to account for each individual's unique brain connectivity. The objective of this work is to develop a real-time tractography-assisted TMS neuronavigation system and investigate its feasibility. We propose a modular framework that seamlessly integrates offline (preparatory) analysis of diffusion MRI data with online (real-time) probabilistic tractography using the parallel transport approach. For tractography and neuronavigation, we combine our open source software Trekker and InVesalius, respectively. We evaluate our system using synthetic data and MRI scans of four healthy volunteers obtained using a multi-shell high-angular resolution diffusion imaging protocol. The feasibility of our online approach is assessed by studying four major TMS targets via comparing streamline count and overlap against offline tractography results based on filtering of one hundred million streamlines. Our development of a real-time tractography-assisted TMS neuronavigation system showcases advanced tractography techniques, with interactive parameter tuning and real-time visualization of thousands of streamlines via an innovative uncertainty visualization method. Our analysis reveals considerable variability among subjects and TMS targets in the streamline count, for example, while 15,000 streamlines were observed for the TMS target on the visual cortex (V1) of subject #4, in the case of subject #3's V1, no streamlines were obtained. Overlap analysis against offline tractograms demonstrated that real-time tractography can quickly cover a substantial part of the target areas' connectivity, often surpassing the coverage of offline approaches within seconds. For instance, significant portions of Broca's area and the primary motor cortex were effectively visualized after generating tens of thousands of streamlines, highlighting the system's efficiency and feasibility in capturing brain connectivity in real-time. Overall, our work shows that real-time tractogr","PeriodicalId":13019,"journal":{"name":"Human Brain Mapping","volume":"46 1","pages":"e70122"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11685379/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142906771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding Salience: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Investigation of Reward and Contextual Unexpectedness in Memory Encoding and Retrieval.","authors":"Yeo-Jin Yi, Michael C Kreißl, Oliver Speck, Emrah Düzel, Dorothea Hämmerer","doi":"10.1002/hbm.70124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.70124","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study investigated the neuromodulatory substrates of salience processing and its impact on memory encoding and behaviour, with a specific focus on two distinct types of salience: reward and contextual unexpectedness. 46 Participants performed a novel task paradigm modulating these two aspects independently and allowing for investigating their distinct and interactive effects on memory encoding while undergoing high-resolution fMRI. By using advanced image processing techniques tailored to examine midbrain and brainstem nuclei with high precision, our study additionally aimed to elucidate differential activation patterns in subcortical nuclei in response to reward-associated and contextually unexpected stimuli, including distinct pathways involving in particular dopaminergic modulation. We observed a differential involvement of the ventral striatum, substantia nigra (SN) and caudate nucleus, as well as a functional specialisation within the subregions of the cingulate cortex for the two salience types. Moreover, distinct subregions within the SN in processing salience could be identified. Dorsal areas preferentially processed salience related to stimulus processing (of both reward and contextual unexpectedness), and ventral areas were involved in salience-related memory encoding (for contextual unexpectedness only). These functional specialisations within SN are in line with different projection patterns of dorsal and ventral SN to brain areas supporting attention and memory, respectively. By disentangling stimulus processing and memory encoding related to two salience types, we hope to further consolidate our understanding of neuromodulatory structures' differential as well as interactive roles in modulating behavioural responses to salient events.</p>","PeriodicalId":13019,"journal":{"name":"Human Brain Mapping","volume":"46 1","pages":"e70124"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11705450/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142948070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human Auditory-Motor Networks Show Frequency-Specific Phase-Based Coupling in Resting-State MEG.","authors":"Oscar Bedford, Alix Noly-Gandon, Alberto Ara, Alex I Wiesman, Philippe Albouy, Sylvain Baillet, Virginia Penhune, Robert J Zatorre","doi":"10.1002/hbm.70045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.70045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Perception and production of music and speech rely on auditory-motor coupling, a mechanism which has been linked to temporally precise oscillatory coupling between auditory and motor regions of the human brain, particularly in the beta frequency band. Recently, brain imaging studies using magnetoencephalography (MEG) have also shown that accurate auditory temporal predictions specifically depend on phase coherence between auditory and motor cortical regions. However, it is not yet clear whether this tight oscillatory phase coupling is an intrinsic feature of the auditory-motor loop, or whether it is only elicited by task demands. Further, we do not know if phase synchrony is uniquely enhanced in the auditory-motor system compared to other sensorimotor modalities, or to which degree it is amplified by musical training. In order to resolve these questions, we measured the degree of phase locking between motor regions and auditory or visual areas in musicians and non-musicians using resting-state MEG. We derived phase locking values (PLVs) and phase transfer entropy (PTE) values from 90 healthy young participants. We observed significantly higher PLVs across all auditory-motor pairings compared to all visuomotor pairings in all frequency bands. The pairing with the highest degree of phase synchrony was right primary auditory cortex with right ventral premotor cortex, a connection which has been highlighted in previous literature on auditory-motor coupling. Additionally, we observed that auditory-motor and visuomotor PLVs were significantly higher across all structures in the right hemisphere, and we found the highest differences between auditory and visual PLVs in the theta, alpha, and beta frequency bands. Last, we found that the theta and beta bands exhibited a preference for a motor-to-auditory PTE direction and that the alpha and gamma bands exhibited the opposite preference for an auditory-to-motor PTE direction. Taken together, these findings confirm our hypotheses that motor phase synchrony is significantly enhanced in auditory compared to visual cortical regions at rest, that these differences are highest across the theta-beta spectrum of frequencies, and that there exist alternating information flow loops across auditory-motor structures as a function of frequency. In our view, this supports the existence of an intrinsic, time-based coupling for low-latency integration of sounds and movements which involves synchronized phasic activity between primary auditory cortex with motor and premotor cortical areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":13019,"journal":{"name":"Human Brain Mapping","volume":"46 1","pages":"e70045"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142931643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy of Functional Brain States Correlates With Cognition in Adolescent-Onset Schizophrenia and Healthy Persons.","authors":"Nicholas Theis, Jyotika Bahuguna, Jonathan E Rubin, Shubha Sankar Banerjee, Brendan Muldoon, Konasale M Prasad","doi":"10.1002/hbm.70129","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hbm.70129","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adolescent-onset schizophrenia (AOS) is relatively rare, under-studied, and associated with more severe cognitive impairments and poorer outcomes than adult-onset schizophrenia. Neuroimaging has shown altered regional activations (first-order effects) and functional connectivity (second-order effects) in AOS compared to controls. The pairwise maximum entropy model (MEM) integrates first- and second-order factors into a single quantity called energy, which is inversely related to probability of occurrence of brain activity patterns. We take a combinatorial approach to study multiple brain-wide MEMs of task-associated components; hundreds of independent MEMs for various sub-systems were fit to 7 Tesla functional MRI scans. Acquisitions were collected from 23 AOS individuals and 53 healthy controls while performing the Penn Conditional Exclusion Test (PCET) for executive function, which is known to be impaired in AOS. Accuracy of PCET performance was significantly reduced among AOS compared with controls. A majority of the models showed significant negative correlation between PCET scores and the total energy attained over the fMRI. Severity of psychopathology was correlated positively with energy. Across all instantiations, the AOS group was associated with significantly more frequent occurrence of states of higher energy, assessed with a mixed effects model. An example MEM instance was investigated further using energy landscapes, which visualize high and low energy states on a low-dimensional plane, and trajectory analysis, which quantify the evolution of brain states throughout this landscape. Both supported patient-control differences in the energy profiles. The MEM's integrated representation of energy in task-associated systems can help characterize pathophysiology of AOS, cognitive impairments, and psychopathology.</p>","PeriodicalId":13019,"journal":{"name":"Human Brain Mapping","volume":"46 1","pages":"e70129"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11707705/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142948074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Associations Among Inflammation, White Matter Architecture, and Extracellular Free Water.","authors":"Amanda L Rodrigue, Emma E M Knowles, Josephine Mollon, Samuel R Mathias, Juan Manuel Peralta, Ana C Leandro, Peter T Fox, Peter Kochunov, Rene L Olvera, Laura Almasy, Joanne E Curran, John Blangero, David C Glahn","doi":"10.1002/hbm.70101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.70101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Phenotypic and genetic relationships between white matter microstructure (i.e., fractional anisotropy [FA]) and peripheral inflammatory responses (i.e., circulating cytokines) have important implications for health and disease. However, it is unclear whether previously discovered genetic correlations between the two traits are due to tissue-specific white matter architecture or increased free water in the extracellular space. We applied a two-compartment model to diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data and estimated tissue-specific white matter microstructure (FA_T) and free water volume (FW). We then quantified their heritability and their genetic correlations with two peripherally circulating proinflammatory cytokines (IL-8 and TNFα), and compared these correlations to those obtained using traditional FA measures from one-compartment DTI models. All DTI and cytokine measures were significantly moderately heritable. We confirmed phenotypic and genetic correlations between circulating cytokine levels and single-compartment FA across the brain (IL-8: ρ_p = -0.16, FDRp = 4.8 × 10^-07; ρ_g = -0.37 (0.12), FDRp = 0.01; TNFα: ρ_p = -0.15, FDRp = 2.4 × 10^-07; ρ_g = -0.34 (0.12), p = 0.01). However, this relationship no longer reached significance when FA measures were derived using the two-compartment DTI model (IL-8: ρ_p = -0.04, FDRp = 0.17; ρ_g = -0.14 (0.13), FDRp = 0.29; TNFα: ρ_p = -0.05, FDRp = 0.10; ρ_g = -0.22 (0.13), FDRp = 0.10). There were significant phenotypic and genetic correlations between FW and both IL-8 (ρ_p = 0.19, FDRp = 2.1 × 10^-10; ρ_g = 0.34 (0.11), FDRp = 0.01) and TNFα (ρ_p = 0.16, FDRp = 1.89 × 10^-07; ρ_g = 0.30 (0.12), FDRp = 0.02). These results have important implications for understanding the mechanisms linking the two phenomena, but they also serve as a cautionary note for those examining associations between white matter integrity using single-compartment models and inflammatory processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":13019,"journal":{"name":"Human Brain Mapping","volume":"46 1","pages":"e70101"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142931636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex-Specific White Matter Abnormalities Across the Dynamic Pain Connectome in Neuropathic Pain: A Fixel-Based Analysis Study.","authors":"Emily P Mills, Rachael L Bosma, Anton Rogachov, Joshua C Cheng, Natalie R Osborne, Junseok A Kim, Ariana Besik, Rima El-Sayed, Anuj Bhatia, Karen D Davis","doi":"10.1002/hbm.70135","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hbm.70135","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A fundamental issue in neuroscience is a lack of understanding regarding the relationship between brain function and the white matter architecture that supports it. Individuals with chronic neuropathic pain (NP) exhibit functional abnormalities throughout brain networks collectively termed the \"dynamic pain connectome\" (DPC), including the default mode network (DMN), salience network, and ascending nociceptive and descending pain modulation systems. These functional abnormalities are often observed in a sex-dependent fashion. However, the enigmatic white matter structural features underpinning these functional networks and the relationship between structure and function/dysfunction in NP remain poorly understood. Here we used fixel-based analysis of diffusion weighted imaging data in 80 individuals (40 with NP [21 female, 19 male] and 40 sex- and age-matched healthy controls [HCs]) to evaluate white matter microstructure (fiber density [FD]), macrostructure (fiber bundle cross section) and combined microstructure and macrostructure (fiber density and cross section) within anatomical connections that support the DPC. We additionally examined whether there are sex-specific abnormalities in NP white matter structure. We performed fixel-wise and connection-specific mean analyses and found three main ways in which individuals with NP differed from HCs: (1) people with NP exhibited abnormally low FD and FDC within the corona radiata consistent with the ascending nociceptive pathway between the sensory thalamus and primary somatosensory cortex (S1). Furthermore, the entire sensory thalamus-S1 pathway exhibited abnormally low FD and FDC in people with NP, and this effect was driven by the females with NP; (2) females, but not males, with NP had abnormally low FD within the cingulum consistent with the right medial prefrontal cortex-posterior cingulate cortex DMN pathway; and (3) individuals with NP had higher connection-specific mean FDC than HCs in the anterior insula-temporoparietal junction and sensory thalamus-posterior insula pathways. However, sex-specific analyses did not corroborate these connection-specific findings in either females or males with NP. Our findings suggest that females with NP exhibit microstructural and macrostructural white matter abnormalities within the DPC networks including the ascending nociceptive system and DMN. We propose that aberrant white matter structure contributes to or is driven by functional abnormalities associated with NP. Our sex-specific findings highlight the utility and importance of using sex-disaggregated analyses to identify white matter abnormalities in clinical conditions such as chronic pain.</p>","PeriodicalId":13019,"journal":{"name":"Human Brain Mapping","volume":"46 1","pages":"e70135"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11726370/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142970647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gestational Duration and Postnatal Age-Related Changes in Aperiodic and Periodic Parameters in Neonatal and Toddler Electroencephalogram (EEG).","authors":"Silja Luotonen, Henry Railo, Henriette Acosta, Minna Huotilainen, Maria Lavonius, Linnea Karlsson, Hasse Karlsson, Jetro J Tuulari","doi":"10.1002/hbm.70130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.70130","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The brain develops most rapidly during pregnancy and early neonatal months. While prior electrophysiological studies have shown that aperiodic brain activity undergoes changes across infancy to adulthood, the role of gestational duration in aperiodic and periodic activity remains unknown. In this study, we aimed to bridge this gap by examining the associations between gestational duration and aperiodic and periodic activity in the EEG power spectrum in both neonates and toddlers. This cross-sectional study involved EEG data from 73 neonates (postnatal age 1-5 days, 40 females) and 56 toddlers (postnatal age of 2.9-3.2 years, 28 females) from the FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study. EEG power spectra were parameterized to aperiodic and periodic components using the SpecParam tool. We tested the associations between gestational duration as well as postnatal age and SpecParam parameters in neonates and toddlers while including birth weight and child sex as covariates. For neonates, multilevel models were employed, considering different data acquisitions (sleep and auditory paradigm + sleep), while in toddlers, regression models were used as only data from the auditory paradigm was available. We found that longer gestational duration was associated with a steeper power spectrum across EEG frequencies both in neonates and toddlers. Effect was especially strong in toddlers (β = 0.45, p = 0.004), while in neonates, it remained nearly statistically significant (p = 0.061). In neonates, a quadratic association between gestational duration and beta center frequency (12.5-30 Hz) was found. In toddlers, beta center frequencies were overall higher in females compared to males. Offset (calculated as the power of the aperiodic curve at 2.5 Hz) and theta center frequency had negative associations with postnatal age in neonates, but not in toddlers. Our results suggest that gestational duration may have significant and relatively long-lasting effects on brain physiology. The possible behavioral and cognitive consequences of these changes are enticing topics for future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":13019,"journal":{"name":"Human Brain Mapping","volume":"46 1","pages":"e70130"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11705402/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142948080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"More Than the Sum of Its Parts: Disrupted Core Periphery of Multiplex Brain Networks in Multiple Sclerosis.","authors":"Giuseppe Pontillo, Ferran Prados, Alle Meije Wink, Baris Kanber, Alvino Bisecco, Tommy A A Broeders, Arturo Brunetti, Alessandro Cagol, Massimiliano Calabrese, Marco Castellaro, Sirio Cocozza, Elisa Colato, Sara Collorone, Rosa Cortese, Nicola De Stefano, Linda Douw, Christian Enzinger, Massimo Filippi, Michael A Foster, Antonio Gallo, Gabriel Gonzalez-Escamilla, Cristina Granziera, Sergiu Groppa, Hanne F Harbo, Einar A Høgestøl, Sara Llufriu, Luigi Lorenzini, Eloy Martinez-Heras, Silvia Messina, Marcello Moccia, Gro O Nygaard, Jacqueline Palace, Maria Petracca, Daniela Pinter, Maria A Rocca, Eva Strijbis, Ahmed Toosy, Paola Valsasina, Hugo Vrenken, Olga Ciccarelli, James H Cole, Menno M Schoonheim, Frederik Barkhof","doi":"10.1002/hbm.70107","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hbm.70107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Disruptions to brain networks, measured using structural (sMRI), diffusion (dMRI), or functional (fMRI) MRI, have been shown in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS), highlighting the relevance of regions in the core of the connectome but yielding mixed results depending on the studied connectivity domain. Using a multilayer network approach, we integrated these three modalities to portray an enriched representation of the brain's core-periphery organization and explore its alterations in PwMS. In this retrospective cross-sectional study, we selected PwMS and healthy controls with complete multimodal brain MRI acquisitions from 13 European centers within the MAGNIMS network. Physical disability and cognition were assessed with the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and the symbol digit modalities test (SDMT), respectively. SMRI, dMRI, and resting-state fMRI data were parcellated into 100 cortical and 14 subcortical regions to obtain networks of morphological covariance, structural connectivity, and functional connectivity. Connectivity matrices were merged in a multiplex, from which regional coreness-the probability of a node being part of the multiplex core-and coreness disruption index (κ)-the global weakening of the core-periphery structure-were computed. The associations of κ with disease status (PwMS vs. healthy controls), clinical phenotype, level of physical disability (EDSS ≥ 4 vs. EDSS < 4), and cognitive impairment (SDMT z-score < -1.5) were tested within a linear model framework. Using random forest permutation feature importance, we assessed the relative contribution of κ in the multiplex and single-layer domains, in addition to conventional MRI measures (brain and lesion volumes), in predicting disease status, physical disability, and cognitive impairment. We studied 1048 PwMS (695F, mean ± SD age: 43.3 ± 11.4 years) and 436 healthy controls (250F, mean ± SD age: 38.3 ± 11.8 years). PwMS showed significant disruption of the multiplex core-periphery organization (κ = -0.14, Hedges' g = 0.49, p < 0.001), correlating with clinical phenotype (F = 3.90, p = 0.009), EDSS (Hedges' g = 0.18, p = 0.01), and SDMT (Hedges' g = 0.30, p < 0.001). Multiplex κ was the only connectomic measure adding to conventional MRI in predicting disease status and cognitive impairment, while physical disability also depended on single-layer contributions. In conclusion, we show that multilayer networks represent a biologically and clinically meaningful framework to model multimodal MRI data, with disruption of the core-periphery structure emerging as a potential connectomic biomarker for disease severity and cognitive impairment in PwMS.</p>","PeriodicalId":13019,"journal":{"name":"Human Brain Mapping","volume":"46 1","pages":"e70107"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11685378/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142909066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patterns of Cerebellar-Cortical Structural Covariance Mirror Anatomical Connectivity of Sensorimotor and Cognitive Networks.","authors":"Zaki Alasmar, M Mallar Chakravarty, Virginia B Penhune, Christopher J Steele","doi":"10.1002/hbm.70079","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hbm.70079","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The cortex and cerebellum are densely connected through reciprocal input/output projections that form segregated circuits. These circuits are shown to differentially connect anterior lobules of the cerebellum to sensorimotor regions, and lobules Crus I and II to prefrontal regions. This differential connectivity pattern leads to the hypothesis that individual differences in structure should be related, especially for connected regions. To test this hypothesis, we examined covariation between the volumes of anterior sensorimotor and lateral cognitive lobules of the cerebellum and measures of cortical thickness (CT) and surface area (SA) across the whole brain in a sample of 270 young adults drawn from the HCP dataset. We observed that patterns of cerebellar-cortical covariance differed between sensorimotor and cognitive networks. Anterior motor lobules of the cerebellum showed greater covariance with sensorimotor regions of the cortex, while lobules Crus I and Crus II showed greater covariance with frontal and temporal regions. Interestingly, cerebellar volume showed predominantly negative relationships with CT and predominantly positive relationships with SA. Individual differences in SA are thought to be largely under genetic control while CT is thought to be more malleable by experience. This suggests that cerebellar-cortical covariation for SA may be a more stable feature, whereas covariation for CT may be more affected by development. Additionally, similarity metrics revealed that the pattern of covariance showed a gradual transition between sensorimotor and cognitive lobules, consistent with evidence of functional gradients within the cerebellum. Taken together, these findings are consistent with known patterns of structural and functional connectivity between the cerebellum and cortex. They also shed new light on possibly differing relationships between cerebellar volume and cortical thickness and surface area. Finally, our findings are consistent with the interactive specialization framework which proposes that structurally and functionally connected brain regions develop in concert.</p>","PeriodicalId":13019,"journal":{"name":"Human Brain Mapping","volume":"46 1","pages":"e70079"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11718418/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142948090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}