Human Brain Mapping最新文献

{"title":"CutFEM-based MEG forward modeling improves source separability and sensitivity to quasi-radial sources: A somatosensory group study","authors":"Tim Erdbrügger,&nbsp;Malte Höltershinken,&nbsp;Jan-Ole Radecke,&nbsp;Yvonne Buschermöhle,&nbsp;Fabrice Wallois,&nbsp;Sampsa Pursiainen,&nbsp;Joachim Gross,&nbsp;Rebekka Lencer,&nbsp;Christian Engwer,&nbsp;Carsten Wolters","doi":"10.1002/hbm.26810","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hbm.26810","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Source analysis of magnetoencephalography (MEG) data requires the computation of the magnetic fields induced by current sources in the brain. This so-called MEG forward problem includes an accurate estimation of the volume conduction effects in the human head. Here, we introduce the Cut finite element method (CutFEM) for the MEG forward problem. CutFEM's meshing process imposes fewer restrictions on tissue anatomy than tetrahedral meshes while being able to mesh curved geometries contrary to hexahedral meshing. To evaluate the new approach, we compare CutFEM with a boundary element method (BEM) that distinguishes three tissue compartments and a 6-compartment hexahedral FEM in an <i>n</i> = 19 group study of somatosensory evoked fields (SEF). The neural generators of the 20 ms post-stimulus SEF components (M20) are reconstructed using both an unregularized and a regularized inversion approach. Changing the forward model resulted in reconstruction differences of about 1 centimeter in location and considerable differences in orientation. The tested 6-compartment FEM approaches significantly increase the goodness of fit to the measured data compared with the 3-compartment BEM. They also demonstrate higher quasi-radial contributions for sources below the gyral crowns. Furthermore, CutFEM improves source separability compared with both other approaches. We conclude that head models with 6 compartments rather than 3 and the new CutFEM approach are valuable additions to MEG source reconstruction, in particular for sources that are predominantly radial.</p>","PeriodicalId":13019,"journal":{"name":"Human Brain Mapping","volume":"45 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hbm.26810","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141975599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brain activations elicited during task-switching generalize beyond the task: A partial least squares correlation approach to combine fMRI signals and cognition","authors":"Paulina Skolasinska,&nbsp;Shuo Qin,&nbsp;Michelle Voss,&nbsp;Hyun Kyu Lee,&nbsp;Chandramallika Basak","doi":"10.1002/hbm.26804","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hbm.26804","url":null,"abstract":"<p>An underlying hypothesis for broad transfer from cognitive training is that the regional brain signals engaged during the training task are related to the transfer tasks. However, it is unclear whether the brain activations elicited from a specific cognitive task can generalize to performance of other tasks, esp. in normal aging where cognitive training holds much promise. In this large dual-site functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study, we aimed to characterize the neurobehavioral correlates of task-switching in normal aging and examine whether the task-switching-related fMRI-blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signals, engaged during varieties of cognitive control, generalize to other tasks of executive control and general cognition. We therefore used a hybrid blocked and event-related fMRI task-switching paradigm to investigate brain regions associated with multiple types of cognitive control on 129 non-demented older adults (65–85 years). This large dataset provided a unique opportunity for a data-driven partial least squares–correlation approach to investigate the generalizability of multiple fMRI-BOLD signals associated with task-switching costs to other tasks of executive control, general cognition, and demographic characteristics. While some fMRI signals generalized beyond the scanned task, others did not. Results indicate right middle frontal brain activation as detrimental to task-switching performance, whereas inferior frontal and caudate activations were related to faster processing speed during the fMRI task-switching, but activations of these regions did not predict performance on other tasks of executive control or general cognition. However, BOLD signals from the right lateral occipital cortex engaged during the fMRI task positively predicted performance on a working memory updating task, and BOLD signals from the left post-central gyrus that were disengaged during the fMRI task were related to slower processing speed in the task as well as to lower general cognition. Together, these results suggest generalizability of these BOLD signals beyond the scanned task. The findings also provided evidence for the general slowing hypothesis of aging as most variance in the data were explained by low processing speed and global low BOLD signal in older age. As processing speed shared variance with task-switching and other executive control tasks, it might be a possible basis of generalizability between these tasks. Additional results support the dedifferentiation hypothesis of brain aging, as right middle frontal activations predicted poorer task-switching performance. Overall, we observed that the BOLD signals related to the fMRI task not only generalize to the performance of other executive control tasks, but unique brain predictors of out-of-scanner performance can be identified.</p>","PeriodicalId":13019,"journal":{"name":"Human Brain Mapping","volume":"45 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11316247/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141912397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The computational and neural substrates of individual differences in impulsivity under loss framework","authors":"Keying Jiang,&nbsp;Guang Zhao,&nbsp;Qian Feng,&nbsp;Shunping Guan,&nbsp;Hohjin Im,&nbsp;Bin Zhang,&nbsp;Pinchun Wang,&nbsp;Xuji Jia,&nbsp;Haidong Zhu,&nbsp;Ye Zhu,&nbsp;He Wang,&nbsp;Qiang Wang","doi":"10.1002/hbm.26808","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hbm.26808","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Numerous neuroimaging studies have identified significant individual variability in intertemporal choice, often attributed to three neural mechanisms: (1) increased reward circuit activity, (2) decreased cognitive control, and (3) prospection ability. These mechanisms that explain impulsivity, however, have been primarily studied in the gain domain. This study extends this investigation to the loss domain. We employed a hierarchical Bayesian drift-diffusion model (DDM) and the inter-subject representational similarity approach (IS-RSA) to investigate the potential computational neural substrates underlying impulsivity in loss domain across two experiments (<i>n</i> = 155). These experiments utilized a revised intertemporal task that independently manipulated the amounts of immediate and delayed-loss options. Behavioral results demonstrated positive correlations between the drift rate, measured by the DDM, and the impulsivity index <i>K</i> in <b>Exp.</b> 1 (<i>n</i> = 97) and were replicated in <b>Exp.</b> 2 (<i>n</i> = 58). Imaging analyses further revealed that the drift rate significantly mediated the relations between brain properties (e.g., prefrontal cortex activations and gray matter volume in the orbitofrontal cortex and precuneus) and <i>K</i> in <b>Exp.</b> 1. IS-RSA analyses indicated that variability in the drift rate also mediated the associations between inter-subject variations in activation patterns and individual differences in <i>K</i>. These findings suggest that individuals with similar impulsivity levels are likely to exhibit similar value processing patterns, providing a potential explanation for individual differences in impulsivity within a loss framework.</p>","PeriodicalId":13019,"journal":{"name":"Human Brain Mapping","volume":"45 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11316248/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141912398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Segmentation of stroke lesions using transformers-augmented MRI analysis","authors":"Ramsha Ahmed,&nbsp;Aamna Al Shehhi,&nbsp;Naoufel Werghi,&nbsp;Mohamed L. Seghier","doi":"10.1002/hbm.26803","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hbm.26803","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Accurate segmentation of chronic stroke lesions from mono-spectral magnetic resonance imaging scans (e.g., T1-weighted images) is a difficult task due to the arbitrary shape, complex texture, variable size and intensities, and varied locations of the lesions. Due to this inherent spatial heterogeneity, existing machine learning methods have shown moderate performance for chronic lesion delineation. In this study, we introduced: (1) a method that integrates transformers' deformable feature attention mechanism with convolutional deep learning architecture to improve the accuracy and generalizability of stroke lesion segmentation, and (2) an ecological data augmentation technique based on inserting real lesions into intact brain regions. Our combination of these two approaches resulted in a significant increase in segmentation performance, with a Dice index of 0.82 (±0.39), outperforming the existing methods trained and tested on the same Anatomical Tracings of Lesions After Stroke (ATLAS) 2022 dataset. Our method performed relatively well even for cases with small stroke lesions. We validated the robustness of our method through an ablation study and by testing it on new unseen brain scans from the Ischemic Stroke Lesion Segmentation (ISLES) 2015 dataset. Overall, our proposed approach of transformers with ecological data augmentation offers a robust way to delineate chronic stroke lesions with clinically relevant accuracy. Our method can be extended to other challenging tasks that require automated detection and segmentation of diverse brain abnormalities from clinical scans.</p>","PeriodicalId":13019,"journal":{"name":"Human Brain Mapping","volume":"45 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11310771/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141906426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sub-bundle based analysis reveals the role of human optic radiation in visual working memory","authors":"Yanming Wang,&nbsp;Huan Wang,&nbsp;Sheng Hu,&nbsp;Benedictor Alexander Nguchu,&nbsp;Du Zhang,&nbsp;Shishuo Chen,&nbsp;Yang Ji,&nbsp;Bensheng Qiu,&nbsp;Xiaoxiao Wang","doi":"10.1002/hbm.26800","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hbm.26800","url":null,"abstract":"<p>White matter (WM) functional activity has been reliably detected through functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Previous studies have primarily examined WM bundles as unified entities, thereby obscuring the functional heterogeneity inherent within these bundles. Here, for the first time, we investigate the function of sub-bundles of a prototypical visual WM tract—the optic radiation (OR). We use the 7T retinotopy dataset from the Human Connectome Project (HCP) to reconstruct OR and further subdivide the OR into sub-bundles based on the fiber's termination in the primary visual cortex (V1). The population receptive field (pRF) model is then applied to evaluate the retinotopic properties of these sub-bundles, and the consistency of the pRF properties of sub-bundles with those of V1 subfields is evaluated. Furthermore, we utilize the HCP working memory dataset to evaluate the activations of the foveal and peripheral OR sub-bundles, along with LGN and V1 subfields, during 0-back and 2-back tasks. We then evaluate differences in 2bk-0bk contrast between foveal and peripheral sub-bundles (or subfields), and further examine potential relationships between 2bk-0bk contrast and 2-back task d-prime. The results show that the pRF properties of OR sub-bundles exhibit standard retinotopic properties and are typically similar to the properties of V1 subfields. Notably, activations during the 2-back task consistently surpass those under the 0-back task across foveal and peripheral OR sub-bundles, as well as LGN and V1 subfields. The foveal V1 displays significantly higher 2bk-0bk contrast than peripheral V1. The 2-back task d-prime shows strong correlations with 2bk-0bk contrast for foveal and peripheral OR fibers. These findings demonstrate that the blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signals of OR sub-bundles encode high-fidelity visual information, underscoring the feasibility of assessing WM functional activity at the sub-bundle level. Additionally, the study highlights the role of OR in the top-down processes of visual working memory beyond the bottom-up processes for visual information transmission. Conclusively, this study innovatively proposes a novel paradigm for analyzing WM fiber tracts at the individual sub-bundle level and expands understanding of OR function.</p>","PeriodicalId":13019,"journal":{"name":"Human Brain Mapping","volume":"45 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11295295/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141874673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"More widespread functionality of posterior language area in patients with brain tumors","authors":"Riho Nakajima,&nbsp;Takahiro Osada,&nbsp;Masashi Kinoshita,&nbsp;Akitoshi Ogawa,&nbsp;Hirokazu Okita,&nbsp;Seiki Konishi,&nbsp;Mitsutoshi Nakada","doi":"10.1002/hbm.26801","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hbm.26801","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Damage to the posterior language area (PLA), or Wernicke's area causes cortical reorganization in the corresponding regions of the contralateral hemisphere. However, the details of reorganization within the ipsilateral hemisphere are not fully understood. In this context, direct electrical stimulation during awake surgery can provide valuable opportunities to investigate neuromodulation of the human brain in vivo, which is difficult through the non-invasive approaches. Thus, in this study, we aimed to investigate the characteristics of the cortical reorganization of the PLA within the ipsilateral hemisphere. Sixty-two patients with left hemispheric gliomas were divided into groups depending on whether the lesion extended to the PLA. All patients underwent direct cortical stimulation with a picture-naming task. We further performed functional connectivity analyses using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in a subset of patients and calculated betweenness centrality, an index of the network importance of brain areas. During direct cortical stimulation, the regions showing positive (impaired) responses in the non-PLA group were localized mainly in the posterior superior temporal gyrus (pSTG), whereas those in the PLA group were widely distributed from the pSTG to the posterior supramarginal gyrus (pSMG). Notably, the percentage of positive responses in the pSMG was significantly higher in the PLA group (47%) than in the non-PLA group (8%). In network analyses of functional connectivity, the pSMG was identified as a hub region with high betweenness centrality in both the groups. These findings suggest that the language area can spread beyond the PLA to the pSMG, a hub region, in patients with lesion progression to the pSTG. The change in the pattern of the language area may be a compensatory mechanism to maintain efficient brain networks.</p>","PeriodicalId":13019,"journal":{"name":"Human Brain Mapping","volume":"45 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11293139/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141859571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inter- and intra-subject similarity in network functional connectivity across a full narrative movie","authors":"Lisa N. Mochalski,&nbsp;Patrick Friedrich,&nbsp;Xuan Li,&nbsp;Jean-Philippe Kröll,&nbsp;Simon B. Eickhoff,&nbsp;Susanne Weis","doi":"10.1002/hbm.26802","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hbm.26802","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Naturalistic paradigms, such as watching movies during functional magnetic resonance imaging, are thought to prompt the emotional and cognitive processes typically elicited in real life situations. Therefore, naturalistic viewing (NV) holds great potential for studying individual differences. Previous studies have primarily focused on using shorter movie clips, geared toward eliciting specific and often isolated emotions, while the potential behind using full narratives depicted in commercial movies as a proxy for real-life experiences has barely been explored. Here, we offer preliminary evidence that a full narrative movie (FNM), that is, a movie covering a complete narrative arc, can capture complex socio-affective dynamics and their links to individual differences. Using the studyforrest dataset, we investigated inter- and intra-subject similarity in network functional connectivity (NFC) of 14 meta-analytically defined networks across a full narrative, audio-visual movie split into eight consecutive movie segments. We characterized the movie segments by valence and arousal portrayed within the sequences, before utilizing a linear mixed model to analyze which factors explain inter- and intra-subject similarity. Our results show that the model best explaining inter-subject similarity comprised network, movie segment, valence and a movie segment by valence interaction. Intra-subject similarity was influenced significantly by the same factors and an additional three-way interaction between movie segment, valence and arousal. Overall, inter- and intra-subject similarity in NFC were sensitive to the ongoing narrative and emotions in the movie. We conclude that FNMs offer complex content and dynamics that might be particularly valuable for studying individual differences. Further characterization of movie features, such as the overarching narratives, that enhance individual differences is needed for advancing the potential of NV research.</p>","PeriodicalId":13019,"journal":{"name":"Human Brain Mapping","volume":"45 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11291869/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141859570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Texture-based morphometry in relation to apolipoprotein ε4 genotype, ageing and sex in a midlife population","authors":"Maria-Eleni Dounavi,&nbsp;Elijah Mak,&nbsp;Gregory Operto,&nbsp;Graciela Muniz-Terrera,&nbsp;Katie Bridgeman,&nbsp;Ivan Koychev,&nbsp;Paresh Malhotra,&nbsp;Lorina Naci,&nbsp;Brian Lawlor,&nbsp;Li Su,&nbsp;Carles Falcon,&nbsp;Karen Ritchie,&nbsp;Craig W. Ritchie,&nbsp;Juan Domingo Gispert,&nbsp;John T. O'Brien","doi":"10.1002/hbm.26798","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hbm.26798","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Brain atrophy and cortical thinning are typically observed in people with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and, to a lesser extent, in those with mild cognitive impairment. In asymptomatic middle-aged apolipoprotein ε4 (ΑPOE4) carriers, who are at higher risk of future AD, study reports are discordant with limited evidence of brain structural differences between carriers and non-carriers of the ε4 allele. Alternative imaging markers with higher sensitivity at the presymptomatic stage, ideally quantified using typically acquired structural MRI scans, would thus be of great benefit for the detection of early disease, disease monitoring and subject stratification. In the present cross-sectional study, we investigated textural properties of T1-weighted 3T MRI scans in relation to APOE4 genotype, age and sex. We pooled together data from the PREVENT-Dementia and ALFA studies focused on midlife healthy populations with dementia risk factors (analysable cohort: 1585 participants; mean age 56.2 ± 7.4 years). Voxel-based and texture (examined features: contrast, entropy, energy, homogeneity) based morphometry was used to identify areas of volumetric and textural differences between APOE4 carriers and non-carriers. Textural maps were generated and were subsequently harmonised using voxel-wise COMBAT. For all analyses, APOE4, sex, age and years of education were used as model predictors. Interactions between APOE4 and age were further examined. There were no group differences in regional brain volume or texture based on APOE4 carriership or when age × APOE4 interactions were examined. Older people tended to have a less homogeneous textural profile in grey and white matter and a more homogeneous profile in the ventricles. A more heterogeneous textural profile was observed for females in areas such as the ventricles, frontal and parietal lobes and for males in the brainstem, cerebellum, precuneus and cingulate. Overall, we have shown the absence of volumetric and textural differences between APOE4 carriers and non-carriers at midlife and have established associations of textural features with ageing and sex.</p>","PeriodicalId":13019,"journal":{"name":"Human Brain Mapping","volume":"45 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11289425/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141855378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The metacontrol of event segmentation—A neurophysiological and behavioral perspective","authors":"Xianzhen Zhou,&nbsp;Foroogh Ghorbani,&nbsp;Veit Roessner,&nbsp;Bernhard Hommel,&nbsp;Astrid Prochnow,&nbsp;Christian Beste","doi":"10.1002/hbm.26727","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hbm.26727","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>During our everyday life, the constant flow of information is divided into discrete events, a process conceptualized in Event Segmentation Theory (EST). How people perform event segmentation and the resulting granularity of encapsulated segments likely depends on their metacontrol style. Yet, the underlying neural mechanisms remain undetermined. The current study examines how the metacontrol style affects event segmentation through the analysis of EEG data using multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) and source localization analysis. We instructed two groups of healthy participants to either segment a movie as fine-grained as possible (fine-grain group) or provided no such instruction (free-segmentation group). The fine-grain group showed more segments and a higher likelihood to set event boundaries upon scene changes, which supports the notion that cognitive control influences segmentation granularity. On a neural level, representational dynamics were decodable 400 ms prior to the decision to close a segment and open a new one, and especially fronto-polar regions (BA10) were associated with this representational dynamic. Groups differed in their use of this representational dynamics to guide behavior and there was a higher sensitivity to incoming information in the Fine-grain group. Moreover, a higher likelihood to set event boundaries was reflected by activity increases in the insular cortex suggesting an increased monitoring of potentially relevant upcoming events. The study connects the EST with the metacontrol framework and relates these to overarching neural concepts of prefrontal cortex function.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13019,"journal":{"name":"Human Brain Mapping","volume":"45 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11289429/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141855379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DeepComBat: A statistically motivated, hyperparameter-robust, deep learning approach to harmonization of neuroimaging data","authors":"Fengling Hu,&nbsp;Alfredo Lucas,&nbsp;Andrew A. Chen,&nbsp;Kyle Coleman,&nbsp;Hannah Horng,&nbsp;Raymond W. S. Ng,&nbsp;Nicholas J. Tustison,&nbsp;Kathryn A. Davis,&nbsp;Haochang Shou,&nbsp;Mingyao Li,&nbsp;Russell T. Shinohara,&nbsp;The Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative","doi":"10.1002/hbm.26708","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hbm.26708","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Neuroimaging data acquired using multiple scanners or protocols are increasingly available. However, such data exhibit technical artifacts across batches which introduce confounding and decrease reproducibility. This is especially true when multi-batch data are analyzed using complex downstream models which are more likely to pick up on and implicitly incorporate batch-related information. Previously proposed image harmonization methods have sought to remove these batch effects; however, batch effects remain detectable in the data after applying these methods. We present DeepComBat, a deep learning harmonization method based on a conditional variational autoencoder and the ComBat method. DeepComBat combines the strengths of statistical and deep learning methods in order to account for the multivariate relationships between features while simultaneously relaxing strong assumptions made by previous deep learning harmonization methods. As a result, DeepComBat can perform multivariate harmonization while preserving data structure and avoiding the introduction of synthetic artifacts. We apply this method to cortical thickness measurements from a cognitive-aging cohort and show DeepComBat qualitatively and quantitatively outperforms existing methods in removing batch effects while preserving biological heterogeneity. Additionally, DeepComBat provides a new perspective for statistically motivated deep learning harmonization methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":13019,"journal":{"name":"Human Brain Mapping","volume":"45 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11273293/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141758408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}