Frontiers in Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Interaction between the <i>TCF7L2</i> gene and dietary intake on metabolic syndrome risk factors among Saudi Arabian adults.","authors":"Maha S Al-Odinan, Najlaa M Aljefree, Noha M Almoraie, Marwan A Bakarman, Hani A Alhadrami, Israa M Shatwan","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1513088","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1513088","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Transcription factor-7-like 2 (<i>TCF7L2</i>) is the most critical type 2 diabetes (T2D) gene identified to date. The single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs7903146 in <i>TCF7L2</i> in T2D interacts with dietary factors; however, research on nutrigenetics among Saudi Arabians is limited. This study investigated the interaction between the SNP rs7903146 and dietary intake on factors that may contribute to MetS among Saudi Arabian adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 271 adult participants (aged 20-55 years) of both genders with or without overweight or obesity (body mass index between 18-35 kg/m²). Anthropometric measurements and dietary assessments using a food frequency questionnaire were performed. Fasting blood samples were collected to analyze serum lipid, glucose, and insulin levels. Genetic analysis was performed using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Univariate regression was used to examine the association between the <i>TCF7L2</i> SNP rs7903146 and laboratory parameters, and to test SNP-diet interactions. The additive model was used in the analysis and the T allele was the effect allele.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A marginal significant association was observed between SNP rs7903146 and waist circumference (WC) (<i>p</i> = 0.05). Carriers of TT genotype had the highest WC (83.5 ± 20.1 cm), when compared with the CC genotype (80 ± 14.2 cm) and the TC genotype (77.9 ± 13.9 cm). The SNP rs7903146 was significantly associated with total energy intake (<i>p</i> = 0.04) and saturated fatty acids (SFA, <i>p</i> = 0.005), and TT carriers had the highest total energy and SFA consumption (3606.9 ± 1554.7 kcal, 66.8 ± 52.0 g, respectively). Only one near significant interaction was observed between SNP rs7903146 and total energy intake on insulin levels (<i>p</i> = 0.04), with carriers of the TT genotype showed a greater reduction in insulin values (-5.3 ± 3.5) at lower energy intake when compared with the CC (-2.4 ± 3.1), and TC (-4.7 ± 2.8). No significant interaction was found.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study observed significant associations between SNP rs7903146 and total energy and SFA consumptions. The TT carriers had increased consumption of total energy and SFA. Future studies using larger sample sizes are required to confirm significant interaction between SNP rs7903146 and diet on factors that may contribute to MetS in the Saudi population.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1513088"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11960299/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined analysis of proteomics and metabolism reveals critical roles of oxidoreductase activity in mushrooms stimulated by wolfberry and sea buckthorn substrates.","authors":"Yuan Zhao, Hongying Li, Youhua Yao, Qing Wei, Tilong Hu, Xia Li, Boxu Zhu, Hailing Ma","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1543240","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1543240","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cultivating edible fungi, particularly <i>Lentinula edodes</i>, efficiently transforms agroforestry byproducts into valuable products. However, the mechanism of the promotive effects of those substrates was largely unknown. This study used wolfberry (WB) and sea buckthorn (SBK) substrates to investigate mushroom fruiting bodies' physiological, proteomics, and metabolism profiling.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results show that compared to apple wood (AW), the crude protein and fatty acids were substantially enhanced by both WB and SBK treatment. We identified 1409 and 1190 upregulated and downregulated differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) for the SBK versus AW group and observed 929 overlapped DAPs with upregulation patterns. Of these DAPs, carbohydrates and oxidoreductase activity pathways were significantly enriched. Moreover, the enhanced expression of nine genes by WB and SBK was confirmed by qPCR. Metabolism suggests that 66 differentially abundant metabolites overlapped in the list of two comparison groups (WB versus AW and SBK versus AW).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Collectively, we summarized that both WB and SBK stimulate glucose degradation, enhance the expression of gene-related oxidoreductase activity, and promote protein biosynthesis by coordinating with amino acid metabolism. This study highlights the importance of oxidoreductase activity in promoting nutritional value in mushroom fruiting bodies induced by WB and SBK substrates.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1543240"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11958190/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of bio-processing treatments on the nutritional and anti-diabetic enzyme inhibitory properties of black wheat, barnyard millet, and black soybean.","authors":"Krati Goel, Archana Kushwaha, Anuradha Dutta, Satish Kumar Sharma, Navin Chandra Shahi, Dinesh Chandra Joshi, Anuradha Bhartiya, Pranshi Gupta","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1554993","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1554993","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The present study assessed the impact of different bio-processing treatments on the <i>in vitro</i> protein digestibility (IVPD) and inhibitory properties against <i>α</i>-amylase and α-glucosidase of whole grains <i>viz.</i> black wheat (BW), barnyard millet (BM), and black soybean (BS) using at initial optimized conditions including soaking and germination.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Nutritional analysis of grains was done using standard AOAC methods and <i>in vitro</i> models were used for assessing the anti-diabetic properties.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nutritional analysis of the grains revealed significant differences in various parameters. BS having higher levels of moisture, ash, crude protein, crude fat, and physiological energy value compared to BM and BW. Optimization of soaking (0-24 h) and germination (0-72 h) times showed significant improvements in <i>in-vitro</i> protein digestibility (IVPD), trypsin inhibitory activity (TIU/mg), and glycemic index (GI) across all samples. Considering the management of hyperglycemia, BW and BM do not require any prior processing to be utilized for the development of food products. However, for BS, soaking followed by germination for 48 h proved to be an effective processing, that resulted in an IVPD of 68.706% and a GI of 51.03, with a TIU/mg of 23.166. Soaking reduced <i>α</i>-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition, while germination increased inhibitory activity significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings highlighted the potential benefits of incorporating BW, BM, and BS into the diet for enhanced nutrient intake and better management of hyperglycemia considering the GI and inhibitory activity of <i>α</i>-amylase, α-glucosidase, and trypsin enzymes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1554993"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11958230/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors influencing changes in body composition and nutritional status in patients with hyperacute stroke: prospective study.","authors":"Hiroshi Irisawa, Tomoyuki Nakamura, Yumi Chiba, Mitsuki Hirota, Hajime Hoshiai, Takashi Mizushima","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1548796","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1548796","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Muscle loss not only reduce the effectiveness of the recovery period of rehabilitation after stroke but also prolongs the length of hospital stay. Therefore, it is crucial to maintain muscle mass during the hyperacute phase of stroke. We aimed to investigate the factor that influence changes in muscle mass and quality in patients with hyperacute stroke by using a body composition analyzer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Body composition assessment was performed on 156 patients admitted to the stroke care unit at the time of admission and 1 week later. Additionally, associations between rehabilitation intervention time, nutritional dosage and administration method, and stroke severity were examined to which factors were affecting body composition.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Muscle mass and quality significantly decreased in both men (SMI: 7.41 ± 1.26 to 7.22 ± 1.23 kg/m², <i>p</i> < 0.005, phA: 5.5 ± 1.24 to 5.31 ± 1.29 degree, <i>p</i> < 0.005) and women (SMI: 6.04 ± 1.30 to 5.08 ± 1.20 kg/m2, <i>p</i> < 0.005, phA: 4.58 ± 0.85 to4.18 ± 0.82 degree, <i>p</i> < 0.005)1 week after admission. Rehabilitation intervention time [odds ratio (OR) = 2.12; 95% CI: 1.28-4.47, <i>p</i> = 0.01], and high calorie dosage (OR = 1.53; 95% CI: 1.14-3.21, <i>p</i> = 0.03) significantly reduced the loss of muscle mass. However, stroke severity did not affect variations in body composition.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Deterioration in muscle mass and quality was observed during the hyperacute phase of stroke. The risk of muscle mass loss may be reduced with appropriate rehabilitation intervention and diet therapy from the early stage of hospitalization. Therefore, providing early rehabilitation intervention and nutritional management in the hospitalization phase are important to improve treatment effectiveness. In hyperacute stroke treatment, rehabilitation and nutritional administration should be provided as early as possible.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000053017, identifier UMIN-CTR UMIN000046467.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1548796"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11958200/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Handgrip weakness and overall life satisfaction decline: derivation of cutoff values and analysis of sex differences in older Chinese adults.","authors":"Liangyu Yin, Lan Zhong","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1537818","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1537818","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Handgrip strength (HGS) is a cost-effective indicator of skeletal muscle function. However, the sex-specific association between HGS and life satisfaction decline among older Chinese adults remains largely unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This observational, cross-sectional multicenter study included 3,649 older adults (age range: 60-101 years) from a nationally representative survey in China. Overall life satisfaction was determined using a life satisfaction score (LSS). Correlations between variables were examined using a Spearman's correlation analysis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were utilized to determine the HGS cutoffs for predicting a decline in LSS. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis and multivariate logistic regression were employed to investigate the associations between low HGS and LSS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study included 1,762 women and 1,887 men (median age = 68.3 years). LSS decline was observed in 485 (13.3%) participants. HGS was positively correlated with LSS in both men and women (both <i>P</i> < 0.05). Individuals with low HGS were associated with a higher rate of LSS decline (16.2% vs. 10.8%, <i>P</i> < 0.001). RCS analysis demonstrated a linear-like association between HGS and life satisfaction in men (<i>P</i> < 0.001, <i>P</i> nonlinear = 0.099), but not in women (<i>P</i> = 0.110, <i>P</i> nonlinear = 0.329). ROC analysis revealed that the optimal HGS cutoff for indicating the presence of LSS was 27.5 kg for men and 22.3 kg for women. Multivariable analysis showed that participants with low HGS had higher odds of experiencing a decline in LSS [odds ratios (OR) = 1.509, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.218-1.867]. This association was observed only in men (OR = 1.871, 95% CI = 1.358-2.562, <i>P</i> < 0.001), while it was attenuated in women (OR = 1.281, 95% CI = 0.964-1.701, <i>P</i> = 0.087).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study establishes sex-specific cutoffs of HGS for identifying a decline in LSS among older Chinese adults. Low HGS is positively associated with LSS decline among men in a linear-like manner, but not among women. These findings might facilitate the development of strategies to promote healthy aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1537818"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11958193/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coenzyme Q10 modulates the immunity by enhancing mononuclear macrophage, NK cell activity, and regulating gut microbiota.","authors":"Yajun Liang, Yang Han, Ling Xiao, Yupeng Su, Tongen Bao, Xia Ji, Longgang Jia, Jing Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1504831","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1504831","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), an important fat-soluble, bioactive molecule that predominantly found in the inner mitochondrial membrane, is widely used in functional food and health food raw materials, which has garnered considerable attention due to its potential role in immunoregulation. However, the intrinsic mechanism of CoQ10 on immunity, and the relationship to the gut microbiota have not been elucidated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Here, we conducted a series of <i>in vivo</i> experiments with the aim of comprehensively exploring the effect of CoQ10 on both cellular and humoral immune functions, and on gut microbiota communities in mice.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CoQ10 showed negligible impact on both mouse body weight fluctuations and tissue indices, but enhanced the mouse body immunity by elevating the carbon clearance ability and natural killer (NK) cellular viability. 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that administration of CoQ10 modulated the structure and composition of the gut microbiota in mice, notably by enhancing the abundance of <i>Lactobacillus, Limosilactobacillus</i>, and decreasing the abundance of <i>Paramuribaculum</i> species.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This work makes a contribution to the application of CoQ10 as an immunomodulator in the biological, pharmaceutical and health care product industries.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1504831"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11955478/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143751895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of the dietary index for gut microbiota with sleep disorder among US adults: the mediation effect of dietary inflammation index.","authors":"Yingying Li, Fang Pan, Xiaofei Shen","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1528677","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1528677","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous studies have confirmed the relationship between gut microbiota and sleep disorders, characterized by the persistent inability to achieve adequate sleep, with dietary composition playing a key role in maintaining microbiota homeostasis. Our study aims to explore the relationship between the newly proposed Dietary Index for Gut Microbiota (DI-GM) and sleep disorders, as well as whether the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) mediates this relationship.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study is based on data from 30,406 participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2005 to 2018, a cross-sectional survey that represents the U.S. adult population. We used multivariable logistic regression models to examine the relationship between DI-GM and sleep disorders. Subgroup interaction analyses were conducted to assess the stability of the results. Mediation analysis was employed to explore the effect of the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) on the relationship between DI-GM and sleep disorders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The DI-GM score was significantly negatively correlated with sleep disorders. After adjusting for covariates, each unit increase in DI-GM was associated with a 5% reduction in the prevalence of sleep disorders (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Additionally, there was a trend toward a decrease in the prevalence of sleep disorders with increasing DI-GM (trend <i>p</i> < 0.05). Dose-response curve analysis revealed a linear relationship between DI-GM and sleep disorders, with higher DI-GM scores being associated with lower prevalence of sleep disorders. DII was positively correlated with sleep disorders (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and decreased as DI-GM increased (<i>β</i> = -0.37, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Mediation analysis showed that DII significantly mediated the relationship between DI-GM and sleep disorders, with a mediation proportion of 27.36% (<i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of this study indicate that the DI-GM score was significantly negatively correlated with sleep disorders. A higher DI-GM score is associated with a lower incidence of sleep disorders, while the DII significantly mediated the relationship between DI-GM and sleep disorders. Specifically, an increase in DII may attenuate the protective effect of DI-GM on sleep disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1528677"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11955485/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143751876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the efficacy and impact of neutropenic diet in pediatric hematology patients: a longitudinal cohort study on adherence, clinical outcomes, and socioeconomic factors.","authors":"Amitabh Singh, Neetu Kushwaha, Raja Srishwan, Shamsuz Zaman, Noreen Grace George, Raj Kamal, Sandeep Kumar Swain, Manpreet Kaur, Fouzia Siraj, Saurabh Sharma, Baseer Noor, Prashant Prabhakar, Bhavika Rishi, Aroonima Misra","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1533734","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1533734","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>A neutropenic diet aims to reduce hospitalizations from febrile neutropenia and sepsis in pediatric hematology patients during chemotherapy. This study aimed to evaluate its effectiveness in improving mortality, morbidity, and overall outcomes while considering limitations, adherence rates, and its impact on hospital admissions and culture positivity.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A prospective 18-month observational study was conducted on pediatric hematology patients in a pediatric department at a tertiary care center. Using a baseline questionnaire at the introduction of a neutropenic diet, the study assessed the clinical history, diagnosis, clinicopathological parameters, dietary recommendations, and socio-demographic data of the patients. Patients were followed up for up to 1 year to evaluate diet adherence, outcomes, mortality, and morbidity, as indicated by hospital admissions for febrile neutropenia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>An analysis involving 100 patients was conducted to assess adherence to a neutropenic diet and its ramifications on clinical outcomes over a period of 18 months. Initial follow-up data were accessible for 83 patients, revealing an adherence rate of 66%, which subsequently declined to 57% following a 6-month interval. Patients were categorized as compliant or non-compliant, but no correlation was found between adherence and febrile admissions, sepsis, hospitalizations, or mortality. Among compliant patients, 62% showed sepsis signs, though only 19% had positive blood cultures in the whole study group. Non-adherence was linked to demographic factors such as large family size, financial constraints, and limited resources. The neutropenic diet showed minimal impact on morbidity and mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study does not support the strict adherence to the neutropenic diet, as there is no evidence of reduced infections and the dietary adherence also imposes an undue financial burden on patients. Instead, focusing on the safe acquisition of food, food processing, and proper hand cleanliness will probably provide superior protection against infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1533734"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11955492/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143751849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum calcium levels and the risk of sarcopenia in young adults: insights from NHANES 2011-2018.","authors":"Junliang Jiang, Ge Chen, Yonggang Li, Qinggang Zhao, Zhong Chen","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1526879","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1526879","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sarcopenia, the accelerated loss of muscle mass and function, is commonly associated with aging, especially in older adults. While low serum calcium has been linked to muscle loss in individuals over 50, its relationship with sarcopenia in younger adults (20-60 years) is unclear. This study examines this association using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2011 to 2018.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This population-based, cross-sectional study analyzed participants aged 20-60 from NHANES 2011-2018. Individuals with missing data were excluded. Sarcopenia was assessed using appendicular skeletal muscle (ASM) measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, defined by ASM/BMI or ASM/Weight. Multiple logistic regression and stratified analyses were used to explore the correlation between serum calcium levels and sarcopenia prevalence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 7,309 adults, 578 (7.91%) had sarcopenia by ASM/BMI and 1,363 (18.65%) by ASM/Weight. Higher serum calcium levels were significantly associated with a lower risk of sarcopenia (ASM/BMI: OR 0.07, 95% CI 0.02-0.20; ASM/Weight: OR 0.09, 95% CI 0.04-0.19). The trend was consistent across age, gender, education, poverty income ratio, and race, with some exceptions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights a negative association between serum calcium and sarcopenia risk in young and middle-aged adults, suggesting that calcium interventions could be beneficial in preventing sarcopenia in this population. However, the cross-sectional design precludes any inference of causality, and further longitudinal studies are warranted to confirm these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1526879"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11951309/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143751916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vaccination and food consumption: association with Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome in Brazilian adults (CUME Study).","authors":"Marlise Lima Brandão, Helen Hermana Miranda Hermsdorff, Arieta Carla Gualandi Leal, Josefina Bressan, Adriano Marçal Pimenta","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1549747","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1549747","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome (PACS) is an important sequalae of COVID-19. Then, our objective was to analyze the risk and protective factors for PACS in Brazilian adults participating in the Cohort of Universities of Minas Gerais (CUME Study), with emphasis on COVID-19 vaccination and food consumption.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this sub-study, we included 2,065 participants of CUME Study who answered the baseline questionnaire in 2016 or 2018 or 2020 or 2022, and the follow-up COVID-19/PACS-specific questionnaire in 2023. PACS diagnosis was based on self-reporting of continuation or development of new symptoms 3 months after the initial SARS-CoV-2 infection, with these symptoms lasting for at least 2 months with no other explanation. To estimate the risk and protective factors for PACS, hierarchical multivariate statistical analysis was conducted using the Cox regression technique, producing two models: (1) focusing on consumption of macro and micronutrients; (2) focusing on consumption of food groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After a median of 5.5 years of follow-up, 54.4% of the participants reported PACS. When we analyzed the consumption of macro and micronutrients, higher intake of proteins (HR: 1.36; 95% CI: 1.06-1.74-4th quartile) and lipids (HR: 1.23; 95% CI: 1.02-1.48-4th quartile) were risk factors for PACS. On the other hand, higher intake of vitamin C (HR: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.64-0.94-4th quartile), vitamin D (HR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.67-0.99-4th quartile), and zinc (HR: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.52-0.83-4th quartile) were protective factors for the outcome (model 1). When we analyzed the consumption of food groups, higher intake of eggs (HR: 1.59; 95% CI: 1.34-1.89-4th quartile) increased the risk of PACS, whereas, respectively, higher and intermediate consumption of white meat (HR: 0.84; 95% CI: 0.71-1.00-4th quartile) and vegetables (HR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.67-0.99-2nd quartile; HR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.67-0.99-3rd quartile) decreased the risk of the outcome (model 2). In both models, pre-infection COVID-19 vaccination was a protective factor for PACS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A healthy diet, with higher consumption of white meat, vegetables and specific micronutrients (vitamin C, vitamin D, zinc), in parallel with pre-infection COVID-19 vaccination, is essential to reduce the risk of PACS.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1549747"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11950691/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143751884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}