Frontiers in Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Optimizing hydration in Chinese youth taekwondo athletes: evidence-based daily and training session-specific fluid intake recommendations.","authors":"Ge Song, Yue Chen, Jiaqi Li, Xinliang Pan, Hongtao Sui, Jianhao Chen, Yihsuan Lin, Yi Yan","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2026.1923019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2026.1923019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adequate hydration is crucial for athletic performance and health, particularly in adolescent athletes with distinct physiological demands. Comprehensive data on the daily and training-specific hydration status of populations like Chinese youth taekwondo athletes remain limited, hindering evidence-based strategy development.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to rigorously evaluate the daily and training session hydration status of taekwondo athletes in the Chinese youth team.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study evaluated the daily and training session hydration status of 58 Chinese youth taekwondo athletes (30 males, 28 females; age 17.7 ± 2.2 years) over a 7-day period. Assessment included 24-h rehydration behavior, daily fluid intake surveys, and objective hydration indices (urine osmolality, specific gravity, sweat ion concentrations).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significant prevalence of suboptimal hydration, with 48.3% of athletes demonstrating persistent dehydration (defined as urine specific gravity >1.020 and urine osmolality ≥800 mOsm/kg) throughout the entire 7-day period. Median daily fluid intake for male athletes was 27.98 mL/kg BM, and for female athletes was 29.70 mL/kg BM; both values were below the daily fluid replacement volume of urine specific gravity ≤ 1.020 subjects for this athletic population. Training sessions significantly exacerbated dehydration, evidenced by elevated post-session urine specific gravity and osmolality of technical/tactical training session (<i>P</i><<i>0.05</i>), alongside substantial median body mass loss rate of 2.51% for technical/tactical, 2.16% for physical fitness, and 1.97% for strength training sessions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study identifies inadequate daily and training-induced hydration in Chinese youth taekwondo athletes. Based on the median values observed in euhydrated athletes in our cohort, daily fluid intake >30.35 mL/kg BM/day for males and >32.63 mL/kg BM/day for females on training days, alongside a training session intake of 1.87-2.78 mL/kg BM/h, may support maintenance of optimal hydration. However, total intake volume alone does not guarantee euhydration; beverage composition, timing of consumption, and pre-training hydration status are also important factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"13 ","pages":"1923019"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13710252/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149286113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality of life and safety of a dietary intervention with French maritime pine bark extract (Pycnogenol^®) in women with osteoporotic bone loss: a randomized, placebo-controlled double-blind study-Part II.","authors":"Christian Scherg, Franca Genest, Jonas Maghary, Lothar Seefried, Petra Högger","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2026.1924081","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2026.1924081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In the pre-therapeutic stage of osteopenia or clinically stable osteoporosis dietary supplements are frequently used, but often evidence for benefits and risks is sparse. The French maritime pine bark extract Pycnogenol^® has anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects. Although beneficial impact on various health conditions has been recorded, no data regarding the impact on quality of life and safety of Pycnogenol^® supplementation in osteopenia and stable osteoporosis is available yet.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, 67 women received Pycnogenol^® (100 mg twice daily; <i>n</i> = 33) or placebo (<i>n</i> = 34) for 3 months, after which all participants took Pycnogenol^® for additional 3 months in an active-treatment extension phase. The quality of life was assessed by two validated questionnaires and biochemical safety indicators, including blood count, liver and kidney function, markers of inflammation and mineral metabolism were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the randomized placebo-controlled phase, the SF-36v2 bodily pain score improved in the Pycnogenol^® group while remaining unchanged under placebo. This effect persisted after adjustment for baseline values (<i>p</i> = 0.0106). A comparable difference was observed for vitality (<i>p</i> = 0.0282). The total QUALEFFO-41 score did not differ between the groups. In the QUALEFFO-41 pain domain, scores were lower after 6 months in the group treated continuously with Pycnogenol^® than in the group switched from placebo (<i>p</i> = 0.0231). During the intake of Pycnogenol^®, the activities of the liver enzymes aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) remained stable, while a minor decrease in gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) was significant (<i>p</i> = 0.0141) in the switched-over group. No significant changes were observed regarding blood count, kidney function (glomerular filtration rate GFR; blood urea) and inflammation (C-reactive protein; CRP). Serum phosphate concentrations declined under Pycnogenol^® within the reference range, reaching statistical significance after 6 months during the extension phase (<i>p</i> = 0.0039).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dietary supplementation with Pycnogenol^® maintained physiological blood count, markers of liver and kidney function, thus supporting the favorable safety of the plant extract. Additionally, participants receiving Pycnogenol^® experienced significant improvements in pain-related and vitality-related quality of life during the randomized placebo-controlled phase.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>https://drks.de/search/de/trial/DRKS00026630, identifier DRKS00026630.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"13 ","pages":"1924081"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13696226/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149265240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of different dietary patterns on patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Haojie Xu, Haotian Ma, Siyao Jin, Yanming Li, Shaolong Zhang, Libo Zhao","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2026.1929818","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2026.1929818","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) affects over 500 million people worldwide, and dietary management is a cornerstone of treatment. This meta-analysis descriptively evaluated the comparative efficacy and safety of four common dietary patterns-Mediterranean diet (MD), intermittent fasting (IF), energy-restricted diet (ERD), and ketogenic diet (KD)-in adults with T2DM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong><b></b>We searched the Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science from inception to March 13, 2025, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Outcomes included glycemic control (FBG, HbA1c), anthropometric parameters (weight, BMI, waist circumference), lipid profiles (TC, LDL-C, TG), and safety data. Random-effects models were used, with heterogeneity assessed by the I² statistic, and sensitivity analyses via leave-one-out. Risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochrane RoB 2.0 tool.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 25 RCTs were included. Reductions in FBG (MD = -0.63; I² = 62.1%) and HbA1c (MD = -0.50; I² = 83.8%) were observed, but the pooled estimates were limited by substantial heterogeneity and prediction intervals crossing zero. The MD showed excellent cross-study consistency for FBG (I² = 0%) with its prediction interval entirely within the beneficial range, whereas the KD showed limited clinical relevance for FBG due to extremely high heterogeneity (I² = 79.7%). For weight loss, the overall MD was -3.00 kg, but with substantially high heterogeneity (I² = 93.9%) across subgroups. BMI outcomes were limited by extremely high heterogeneity (I² = 97.5%) and all prediction intervals crossing zero, while waist circumference showed no statistically significant effect. None of the diets demonstrated a statistically significant advantage in lipid modification (TC, LDL-C, TG), with all confidence intervals crossing the line of no effect. Safety analyses showed KD was associated with a higher incidence of adverse events (gastrointestinal symptoms, transient hypoglycemia), while the other three diets exhibited favorable safety profiles.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This meta-analysis descriptively supports the potential benefits of all four dietary patterns for glycemic control and weight reduction. However, due to substantial inter-study heterogeneity and prediction intervals crossing the line of no effect, the pooled estimates preclude definitive claims of relative superiority among diets. Consequently, personalized dietary strategies balancing efficacy, safety, and patient preferences are recommended, with cautious interpretation of indirect cross-diet comparisons.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD420261478257, identifier PROSPERO (CRD420261478257).</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"13 ","pages":"1929818"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13696209/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149265346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gastrointestinal point-of-care ultrasound for enteral nutrition management in critically ill adults: a scoping review.","authors":"Junjie Hua, Wang Ju, Qiuying Gu, Jun Wu, Weiqing Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2026.1972620","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2026.1972620","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gastrointestinal point-of-care ultrasound has been investigated as a non-invasive, bedside adjunct for gastrointestinal assessment and enteral-feeding decision-making in critical care; however, existing protocols and their outcome reporting remain fragmented. This scoping review mapped the existing evidence landscape on the use of gastrointestinal point-of-care ultrasound in the management of enteral nutrition in critically ill adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Comprehensive searches in 10 databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane, CINAHL, Scopus, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, VIP, China Biological Medicine Literature Database) identified 5,123 records. Studies focusing on ultrasound-assessed gastrointestinal function to guide enteral nutrition, or to predict enteral nutrition intolerance and clinical prognosis, were screened, summarized, and descriptively analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>49 unique studies were identified, including 36 interventional and 13 observational studies. Geographically, the synthesized evidence was heavily concentrated in China. Ultrasound indicators for gastrointestinal function included the gastric antrum (gastric residual volume, motility index, cross-sectional area), colon (colon diameter and peristaltic frequency), small intestine (small intestine diameter, wall thickness, peristalsis), and superior mesenteric artery hemodynamics. Observational studies showed Area Under the Curve point estimates frequently around or above 0.70, with substantial heterogeneity and no independent external validation reported for enteral nutrition intolerance and mortality. Among interventional studies, time to achieve feeding goals and intensive care unit length of stay were the most frequently evaluated outcomes (27/36), whereas in-hospital mortality was evaluated in only 8 of 36 studies; outcome reporting was heterogeneous and is presented descriptively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The synthesized literature suggests the potential utility of gastrointestinal point-of-care ultrasound as an objective, non-invasive bedside tool for gastrointestinal assessment and feeding protocol modulation. However, because no formal critical appraisal or pooled comparative or diagnostic analysis was performed, this review cannot establish clinical effectiveness, universal thresholds, or patient-important benefit. Future research priorities include consensus definitions and acquisition standards, effect estimates with confidence intervals and patient-important outcomes, inter-operator reliability and training evaluation, and external validation across diverse health systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"13 ","pages":"1972620"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13696869/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149265302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Body weight-normalized resting metabolic rate and its associations with malnutrition and sarcopenia in hospitalized older adults: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Shan Jiang, Jie Zhao, Peng Chen, Lehui Chen, Weihong Chen, Zi Lin, Lin Kang, Hailong Li, Xia Zhao, Qiumei Wang","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2026.1914763","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2026.1914763","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Malnutrition and sarcopenia are major contributors to frailty, functional decline, and mortality in older adults. Although the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria provide a standardized framework for diagnosing malnutrition, they do not incorporate physiological measures of metabolic function. We therefore investigated the associations of body weight-normalized resting metabolic rate (RMR/weight) with GLIM-defined malnutrition and sarcopenia in hospitalized older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study analyzed baseline data from a prospective cohort of hospitalized older adults who underwent comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) at Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH) between February 2024 and August 2025. Malnutrition was diagnosed according to the GLIM criteria, and sarcopenia was defined according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 criteria. RMR was measured by indirect calorimetry and normalized to body weight (kcal/kg/day). Associations between RMR/weight and study outcomes were evaluated using multivariable logistic regression. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to assess the discriminatory ability of RMR/weight for malnutrition.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 141 participants (mean age, 74.8 ± 6.6 years; 54.6% women) were included, of whom 74 (52.5%) had GLIM-defined malnutrition. Both RMR and RMR/weight were significantly lower in participants with malnutrition than in those without malnutrition. After adjustment for age, sex, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) score, and Katz Activities of Daily Living (ADL) score, each 1-kcal/kg/day increase in RMR/weight was associated with lower odds of GLIM-defined malnutrition [odds ratio (OR), 0.698; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.597-0.816; <i>p</i> < 0.001] and sarcopenia (OR, 0.756; 95% CI, 0.658-0.870; <i>p</i> < 0.001). RMR/weight showed moderate discriminatory ability for malnutrition (area under the curve, 0.759; 95% CI, 0.677-0.838). An exploratory threshold of 20.5 kcal/kg/day yielded a sensitivity of 83.8% and specificity of 40.3%. Low RMR/weight (< 20.5 kcal/kg/day) was associated with higher odds of GLIM-defined malnutrition and sarcopenia, as well as with all three GLIM phenotypic criteria and several sarcopenia components.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Lower RMR/weight was independently associated with GLIM-defined malnutrition and sarcopenia in hospitalized older adults. RMR/weight may provide complementary metabolic information regarding nutrition- and muscle-related impairment, although its clinical utility requires further validation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"13 ","pages":"1914763"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13696476/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149265309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iron homeostasis at the interface of nutrition, infection, and iron supplementation.","authors":"Özge Mert, Seray Saday, Aybala Temel","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2026.1943495","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2026.1943495","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Iron is an essential micronutrient that plays a central role in oxygen transport, mitochondrial respiration, DNA synthesis, immune regulation, and numerous enzymatic reactions. Because both iron deficiency and iron overload adversely affect health, systemic and cellular iron homeostasis is tightly regulated through coordinated mechanisms involving intestinal absorption, macrophage-mediated recycling, iron storage, and the hepcidin-ferroportin axis. During infection and inflammation, the host restricts iron availability through nutritional immunity, thereby limiting pathogen proliferation while influencing immune cell function and iron distribution. This review provides an integrated overview of iron homeostasis by linking nutritional factors, inflammatory regulation, infection dynamics, and iron supplementation strategies. The molecular mechanisms governing intestinal iron absorption are summarized together with dietary factors influencing iron bioavailability, including vitamin C, phytates, polyphenols, calcium, dietary fiber, and dietary patterns. The central role of the hepcidin-ferroportin axis in inflammation-induced hypoferremia and its clinical implications for celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease, aging, and pregnancy are also discussed. Particular emphasis is placed on the dual role of iron in host defense, highlighting how nutritional immunity restricts extracellular pathogens while exerting distinct effects on intracellular microorganisms and adaptive immune responses. The benefits and limitations of iron supplementation are critically evaluated, emphasizing gastrointestinal tolerance, oxidative stress, gut microbiota alterations, dysbiosis, and infection risk. Overall, iron metabolism should be regarded as a dynamic network linking nutrition, immune regulation, microbial ecology, and clinical therapeutics. A comprehensive understanding of these interactions may facilitate personalized iron replacement strategies that effectively correct iron deficiency while preserving intestinal homeostasis and antimicrobial defense.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"13 ","pages":"1943495"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13696866/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149265245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Dietary transformations and health implications among migrant populations.","authors":"Megan A Carney, Abiodun T Atoloye, Alyshia Gálvez","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2026.2002042","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2026.2002042","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"13 ","pages":"2002042"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13696271/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149265287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated metabolomic and single-cell analyses reveal crotonylation-related epithelial remodeling and SDC4 dysregulation in adenomyosis.","authors":"Jiaxi Wang, Yue Li, Hongyu Zhang, Yiling Zhao, Wei Fan, Wenhu Xin, Chunhua Qiang, Tiansheng Qin","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2026.1917718","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2026.1917718","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adenomyosis (AM) is characterized by ectopic endometrial invasion and myometrial fibrosis, yet the molecular links between local metabolic remodeling, lysine crotonylation (Kcr), and epithelial dysfunction remain poorly understood. We investigated the metabolic and crotonylation-related landscape of AM and sought to identify epithelial molecular features associated with these alterations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Clinical metabolic profiles, public and newly generated tissue metabolomic data, crotonyl-CoA measurements, and tissue crotonylation assays were integrated with single-cell and bulk transcriptomic analyses. Kcr-related transcriptional patterns were characterized using multiple gene-set scoring approaches and co-expression analysis, followed by multi-algorithm feature prioritization. SDC4-associated epithelial states were further examined using trajectory inference, cell-cell communication analysis, transcription-factor prediction, and <i>in silico</i> perturbation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Adjusted clinical analyses showed no robust differences in circulating lipid profiles, whereas tissue-level metabolomic analyses revealed alterations in lipid- and lysine-related metabolites in AM. Crotonyl-CoA estimates were higher in AM tissue, accompanied by increased H3K18cr. A higher p65-associated Kcr signal was also observed in a single IP comparison; given that only one IP measurement was available per group, this finding should be considered a preliminary descriptive observation. Single-cell analyses identified prominent Kcr-related transcriptional patterns in epithelial cells and linked this state to adhesion, junctional organization, and epithelial remodeling. SDC4 was consistently prioritized across five machine-learning procedures and was predominantly expressed in epithelial populations. SDC4-positive epithelial cells exhibited distinct inferred differentiation states and intercellular communication patterns, while computational perturbation further implicated SDC4-associated networks in epithelial adhesion, cytoskeletal organization, and junctional regulation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings connect local metabolic remodeling and crotonylation-related alterations with a distinct epithelial transcriptional state in AM and identify SDC4 as a consistently prioritized candidate associated with epithelial remodeling. The preliminary p65-associated Kcr observation provides additional context for investigating potential associations among Kcr, p65, and SDC4-related epithelial programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"13 ","pages":"1917718"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13696502/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149265181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcome reporting in randomized trials of medicine-food homology interventions for cardiometabolic disease: a scoping review.","authors":"Jianguo Xu, Qingyong Zheng, Tengfei Li, Ming Liu, Min Tian, Yonghong Zhu, Yingying Kang, Jinhui Tian, Ping Chen","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2026.1937261","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2026.1937261","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Substances classified as medicine-food homology (MFH) are tested as dietary interventions for cardiometabolic disease. The usefulness of this fast-growing evidence depends on whether trials choose, measure, and report outcomes in ways that can be compared and combined.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To map outcomes reported in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of MFH substances primarily addressing cardiometabolic health identified through four selected databases, describing their distribution across substances, clinical interpretation, and signals of reporting completeness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following PRISMA for Scoping Reviews, we searched four databases and included RCTs of MFH substances on the review's 110-item operational list with a cardiometabolic focus. Outcomes were charted verbatim, coded inductively into domains, and grouped as clinical events and mortality (T1), intermediate cardiometabolic measures (T2), or mechanistic biomarkers (T3), with other outcomes retained separately. Findings were summarized descriptively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 416 studies reporting 2,231 outcome records (median 5 per study). Reporting concentrated on glycaemic (82.9% of studies), lipid (62.5%), anthropometric (53.4%), and blood-pressure (34.4%) domains, focusing heavily on five substances. The conventional lipid panel was commonly reported. Glycaemic measures covered different constructs and timescales; fasting glucose and HbA1c appeared in 50.1 and 31.3% of glycaemic studies, respectively. Of all outcome records, 0.7% were clinical events or mortality, 72.2% intermediate cardiometabolic measures, and 18.0% mechanistic biomarkers; 97.8% of studies reported no clinical event or mortality outcome. Among 328 studies naming a primary outcome, 165 (50.3%) named more than one.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Outcomes in the identified MFH cardiometabolic RCTs are concentrated in a few intermediate domains, with variation in measurement and primary-outcome designation. Consistent definition, prospective registration, and clear primary-outcome reporting, adapted to study purpose and duration, would improve evidence usability.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"13 ","pages":"1937261"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13696507/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149265248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Relationship among motives for alcohol and caffeine consumption, personality traits, and cognitive emotion regulation strategies in nonproblem alcohol drinkers.","authors":"Naoki Kato, Shunji Oshima, Katsumi Watanabe","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2026.2012574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2026.2012574","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2026.1778625.].</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"13 ","pages":"2012574"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13711650/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149286138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}