Frontiers in Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Improvement effect of insulin resistance in one-day outpatient service by reducing stress adaptation disorders in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus.","authors":"Yan Feng, Quan Yu, Fuqian Gu, Qi Feng, Yinghong Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1450127","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1450127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Conducted a one-day outpatient service for GDM patients, analyzed the relationship between stress adaptation disorder and insulin resistance in GDM patients after intervention, and tried to provide some new clues for the prevention and treatment of GDM, provide some theoretical basis for the multidisciplinary diagnosis and treatment model of GDM patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>240 GDM women were included in this study, 120 women were included in one-day diabetes clinic management for GDM women as GDM Intervention Group, and 120 GDM women receiving regular dietary education as GDM Control Group. One-day diabetes clinic management including disease knowledge and dietary education, sports education and blood sugar monitoring and personalized issues and follow-up visits, and intervention time lasting for 1 month.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After intervention, the concentration of 2-h postprandial blood glucose, and HOMA-IR were decreased in GDM Intervention Group, while weekly weight gain rate and insulin application rate were significantly lower than GDM Control Group (all <i>p</i> < 0.05). Cortisol and MDA in GDM Intervention Group were significantly lower than GDM Control Group (both <i>p</i> < 0.01). HOMA-IR was positively correlated with weight gain, E, NE and cortisol (<i>r</i> = 0.249, 0.242, 0.663, 0.313, all <i>p</i> < 0.01), E and HOMA-IR were negatively correlated with SOD in GDM Intervention Group (<i>r</i> = -0.306, -0.213, both <i>p</i> < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The intervention model in our study was based on the one-day outpatient comprehensive management model of diabetes, which improved the insulin resistance of GDM patients. The possible mechanism was related to the implementation of one-day outpatient intervention measures, which reduced the stress adaptation disorder and oxidative stress injury of GDM patients. At the same time, the implementation of intervention measures reduced the rate of weight gain, which can also alleviate insulin resistance to a certain extent. One-day outpatient treatment has a positive effect on improving insulin resistance in GDM women, which can reduce the risk of maternal and fetal complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"11 ","pages":"1450127"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11614661/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142779739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validity of the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition criteria in East Asian patients with gastric cancer: a comprehensive narrative review.","authors":"Jian Wang, Bingyue Liu, Jianxin Chen","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1462487","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1462487","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Malnutrition is a significant public health issue for patients with gastric cancer, particularly in East Asia, the region most affected globally. In response to the absence of adequate tools for assessing nutritional status, the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria were established in 2018, aiming to standardize the diagnosis of malnutrition. However, there is no consensus on the value of GLIM criteria for evaluating the nutritional status of patients with gastric cancer in East Asia. Given these facts, our study aimed to assess the validity of the GLIM criteria in East Asian patients with gastric cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a rapid critical review of available literature, summarizing the existing problems in GLIM applications and possible improvement directions. After systematically summarizing the literature published in PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, a total of 13 articles involving 7,679 cases were included in this study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicated a lack of sufficient data on sensitivity and specificity to fully validate the GLIM criteria for diagnosing malnutrition in East Asian patients with gastric cancer. Additionally, some studies have reported moderate agreement between the GLIM and the PG-SGA. Furthermore, malnutrition defined by GLIM is a risk factor for short and long-term outcomes in East Asian patients with gastric cancer. However, the prognostic effect of moderate malnutrition on these patients remains controversial.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite being in the early application stages, GLIM has shown promising potential in diagnosing and predicting the prognosis of malnutrition. However, future research should incorporate more comprehensive validity parameters, including sensitivity, specificity, and PPV/NPV, to achieve a more thorough understanding of GLIM's diagnostic efficacy. Furthermore, further optimization of GLIM is necessary to address the needs of more diverse populations and situations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"11 ","pages":"1462487"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11614637/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142779868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-harvest processed parsnip showed improved anti-oxidative capacity and protective potential against acrolein-induced inflammation <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>.","authors":"Kangwook Lee, Jeong Hoon Pan, La Yoon Choi, Jaehyun Ju, Brandy Le, Liana C Williams, Tae Jin Cho, Eunjin Lee, Ji Soo Yoon, Chae Lee Park, Sang-Yoon Kim, Sung Hum Yeon, Jeonghoon Kim, Mulim Choi, Kongsik Kim, Kee-Hong Kim, Jae Kyeom Kim","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1507886","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1507886","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Post-harvest processing plays a crucial role in enhancing the bioactive properties of vegetables. This study aimed to investigate the impact of post-harvest aging on parsnip's bioactive profile and its protective effects against acrolein (Acr)-induced inflammation, a common pollutant and irritant linked to respiratory inflammation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Parsnips (<i>Pastinaca sativa</i> L.) were aged at 60°C for up to 30 days, with extracts collected at intervals. Total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant capacity were assessed using DPPH assays. Key bioactive compounds, including falcarindiol, DDMP, and 5-HMF, were quantified. In vitro studies used BEAS-2B cells to evaluate anti-inflammatory effects, while <i>in vivo</i> tests involved treating Acr-exposed mice with aged parsnip extract to observe cytokine responses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Aged parsnip extracts showed a 9.96-fold increase in TPC and a 4.25-fold increase in antioxidant capacity after 30 days. Bioactive compounds significantly increased in aged samples, especially falcarindiol and 5-HMF. <i>In vitro</i>, aged parsnip reduced Acr-induced TNF-α and IL-1β expression. <i>In vivo</i>, treated mice showed reduced bronchial inflammation, goblet cell hyperplasia, and cytokine expression compared to controls.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These findings suggest that post-harvest aging enhances parsnip's antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, highlighting its potential as a functional food ingredient for managing inflammation and respiratory health.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"11 ","pages":"1507886"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11614627/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142779746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of ultra-processed foods and unprocessed or minimally processed foods on the quality of life among adolescents: a longitudinal study from China.","authors":"Yuke Yang, Yan Gao, Xiangren Yi, Yining Hu, Liangyu Zhao, Lu Chen, Wenze Sui, Shuoqin Zhang, Sen Ma","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1489067","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1489067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The purpose of this study was to explore the associations between ultra-processed foods (UPF), unprocessed or minimally processed foods (UMFs) with the quality of life (QoL) in Chinese adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included a baseline survey in 2021 (T1) and a follow-up survey in 2022 (T2), with a total of 3,206 participants, including 1,510 males (Age ± SE: 13.62 ± 1.69) and 1,696 females (Age ± SE: 14.09 ± 1.85). QoL was measured using the Quality of Life Scale for Children and Adolescents. All adolescents were asked to recall the foods they had eaten in the past week, which was classified using the NOVA system.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Instant noodles, sugary drinks, and fried foods had a negative impact on adolescents' QoL. Snacks or desserts only had a negative impact on the girls' QoL. However, processed meats had a positive impact on the QoL of all adolescents. Fast food was beneficial for girls' QoL. Fruits had a positive impact on the QoL of all adolescents. Green leafy vegetables, red and orange vegetables, fish, shrimp, or other seafood had a positive impact on the QoL of girls. Fresh poultry, pork, beef, and other meats had a positive impact on boys' QoL. Soy products were detrimental to girls' QoL. Tubers had a negative impact on boys' QoL. Potatoes had a negative effect on the all adolescents' QoL.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study further expands the understanding of the relationship between UPF, UMFs, and QoL. It provides new insights and evidence for improving the QoL of adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"11 ","pages":"1489067"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11614671/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142779844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"African walnut (<i>Plukenetia conophora</i>) oil promotes glucose uptake while improving energy metabolism and steroidogenesis and maintaining surface architecture in rat testes.","authors":"Ochuko L Erukainure, Chika I Chukwuma","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1505453","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1505453","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>African walnut (<i>Plukenetia conophora</i>) oil (AWO) has been reported for its nutritional and medicinal properties and has been employed for the management of metabolic diseases including hyperglycemia-mediated ailments.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>In the present study, AWO was investigated for its ability to stimulate glucose uptake and its effect on energy metabolism, steroidogenesis, and tissue morphology in isolated testes of Wistar rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Isolated testes were incubated with AWO (30-240 μg/mL) in the presence of 11.1 mMol glucose at 37°C for 2 h. Control consisted of testes incubated with glucose only, while normal control consisted of testes not incubated with AWO and/or glucose. The standard antidiabetic drug was metformin.</p><p><strong>Results and conclusion: </strong>Incubation with AWO led to significant increase in glucose uptake, hexokinase, glyoxalase 1, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activities, GLUT4, glutathione, and ATP levels while concomitantly suppressing glucose-6-phosphatase, fructose-1,6-biphosphatase, glycogen phosphorylase, aldose reductase, polyol dehydrogenase, E-NTPDase, and ATPase activities. Furthermore, incubation with AWO led to improved testicular morphology while elevating testicular levels of magnesium, sulfur, potassium, calcium, and iron. Fatty acid profiling with GC-MS revealed linoleic acid and linolenic acid as the predominant essential fatty acids in AWO. Molecular docking analysis revealed potent molecular interactions of linoleic acid and linolenic acid with GLUT4. These results suggest the ability of AWO to improve testicular glucose metabolism and steroidogenesis and can be explored in the management of male infertility.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"11 ","pages":"1505453"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11611562/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142767707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Branched-chain amino acid supplementation and voluntary running have distinct effects on the serum metabolome of rats with high or low intrinsic aerobic capacity.","authors":"Sira Karvinen, Tia-Marje K Korhonen, Ronja Kiviö, Sanna Lensu, Bharat Gajera, Steven L Britton, Lauren G Koch, Anni I Nieminen, Heikki Kainulainen","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1450386","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1450386","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>A growing body of literature associates branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) catabolism to increased fatty acid oxidation and better metabolic health. Hence, BCAA-rich diets may improve body composition and muscle protein synthesis. However, the role of individual characteristics such as a low aerobic fitness, a well-established risk factor for cardio-metabolic diseases, has not been studied.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study examined 64 female rats from the high-capacity runner (HCR) and low-capacity runner (LCR) rat model. Rats from each line (HCR or LCR) were divided into four groups; differing from diet (CTRL or BCAA) and from the opportunity to voluntarily run on a running wheel (NONRUNNER or RUNNER). Groups were matched for body mass and maximal running capacity within each line. We measured maximal running capacity and metabolism before and after the intervention of diet and voluntary running activity. After the end of the experiment, serum samples were collected for metabolome analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We are the first to show that BCAA supplementation has a more pronounced impact on LCRs compared to HCRs. Specifically, in LCR rats, BCAA supplementation led to reduced daily voluntary running distance and an enrichment of serine metabolism in the serum metabolome. While voluntary running increased food intake and energy expenditure, its effects on the serum metabolome were minimal in HCRs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present research highlights the benefit achieved by combining BCAA supplementation with running activity, especially in the LCR line. Importantly, our results underscore the interconnected role of BCAAs and fatty acid metabolism in promoting overall metabolic health.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"11 ","pages":"1450386"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11611553/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142767727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of polyphenol-rich seed foods on lipid and inflammatory markers in patients with coronary heart disease: a systematic review.","authors":"Yatian Jia, Hui Wang, Wen Fan, Jie Lv, Qingmei Niu, Ruifang Zhu, Qian Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1493410","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1493410","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a prevalent cardiovascular condition, with its incidence and mortality rates steadily rising over time, posing a significant threat to human health. Studies have indicated that polyphenols exhibit a certain degree of protective effect against coronary heart disease. However, the findings regarding the impact of polyphenol-rich seed foods on patients with CHD have yielded inconsistent results.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigated the effects of polyphenol-rich seed foods on blood lipids and inflammatory markers in patients with coronary heart disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The China National Knowledge Network, China Science and Technology Journal Database, China Biomedical Literature Database, Wanfang Database, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science were searched for articles from the self-built database until March 16, 2024. The quality of the included studies was assessed using Edition 2 of the Cochrane Randomized Trials Risk Bias Tool, and data analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.4.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study encompassed seven articles, with a total participation of 324 patients diagnosed with coronary heart disease. The study incorporated three seed foods abundant in polyphenols: Brazil nut, almond, and flaxseed. The meta-analysis findings revealed a significant reduction in triglyceride levels [MD = -20.03, 95% CI (-32.25, -17.44), <i>p <</i> 0.00001] among patients diagnosed with coronary heart disease who incorporated seed-based foods abundant in polyphenols into their diet regimen. Furthermore, a notable enhancement was observed in HDL cholesterol levels [MD = 3.14, 95% CI (1.55, 4.72), <i>p</i> = 0.0001]. Moreover, the type of intervention substance influenced the observed effects. The consumption of almonds has been demonstrated to significantly reduce total cholesterol [MD = -15.53, 95% CI (-21.97, -9.1), <i>p</i> < 0.00001] and LDL cholesterol [MD = -14.62, 95% CI (-20.92, -8.33), <i>p</i> < 0.00001] in patients diagnosed with coronary heart disease. Additionally, the incorporation of flaxseed into the diet has shown an enhanced effect on reducing C-reactive protein levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The consumption of polyphenol-rich seed foods can moderately improve TG and HDL-C levels in patients with coronary heart disease, while incorporating flaxseed into their diet can effectively improve inflammatory markers.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"11 ","pages":"1493410"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11611543/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142767828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A global analysis of portion size recommendations in food-based dietary guidelines.","authors":"Fanny Salesse, Alison L Eldridge, Tsz Ning Mak, Eileen R Gibney","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1476771","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1476771","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Since large food portion sizes (PS) lead to overconsumption, our objective was to review PS recommendations for commonly consumed food groups reported in Food-Based Dietary Guidelines (FBDGs) globally and to assess variation in PS across countries and regions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Consumer-oriented FBDGs from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) online repository were used to evaluate dietary recommendations, PS and number of portions for common food groups. Guidelines were classified for each group as qualitative, quantitative, or missing. A standardized approach was applied to convert PS recommendations given as household measures, cup equivalents, pieces and other measures into grams for cross comparison. Variation of recommended PS of common food groups within and across regions was examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 96 FBDGs, variations were found both across and within regions. At a regional level, the highest median PS recommendations were seen in Europe for Meat, Fish and Pulses, in the Near East for Dairy products, and in Africa for most grain-based foods. Recommendations for Fruits and Vegetables showed the highest consistency across FBDGs worldwide, whereas guidance on Meat, fish & eggs and Cooked cereals/grains showed discrepancies in the classification of foods into categories, as well as in the number of portions per day.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>While some variation in PS recommendations across countries can be expected due to cultural and regional dietary practices, inconsistent definitions to refer to a portion and varied derivation methods may further produce discrepancies. Harmonizing development methods for FBDG could help establish more consistent reference portion sizes and therefore provide clearer guidance to consumers.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"11 ","pages":"1476771"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11615725/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142779699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical efficacy of washed microbiota transplantation on metabolic syndrome and metabolic profile of donor outer membrane vesicles.","authors":"Xuan Hu, Qingting Wu, Lingui Huang, Jiating Xu, Xingxiang He, Lei Wu","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1465499","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1465499","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Object: </strong>To clarify the clinical efficacy of washed microbiota transplantation (WMT) for metabolic syndrome (MetS), and explore the differences in the metabolic profile of bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) in donor fecal bacteria suspension received by MetS patients with good and poor outcomes, and to construct a predictive model for the efficacy of WMT for MetS using differential metabolites.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Medical data 65 MetS patients who had completed at least 2 courses of WMT from 2017.05 to 2023.07 were collected. Fecal bacteria suspension of WMT donors were collected, and the clinical data of MetS patients treated with WMT during this period were collected as well. The changes of BMI, blood glucose, blood lipids, blood pressure and other indicators before and after WMT were compared. OMVs were isolated from donor fecal bacteria suspension and off-target metabolomic sequencing was performed by Liquid Chromatograph Mass Spectrometer (LC-MS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with baseline, Body mass index (BMI), Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of MetS patients showed significant decreases after the 1st (short-term) and 2nd (medium-term) courses, and fasting blood glucose (FBG) also showed significant decreases after the 1st session. There was a significant difference between the Marked Response OMVs and the Moderate Response OMVs. It was showed that 960 metabolites were significantly up-regulated in Marked Response OMVs and 439 metabolites that were significantly down-regulated. The ROC model suggested that 9-carboxymethoxymethylguanine, AUC = 0.8127, 95% CI [0.6885, 0.9369], was the most potent metabolite predicting the most available metabolite for efficacy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>WMT had significant short-term and medium-term clinical efficacy in MetS. There were differences in the structure of metabolites between Marked Response OMVs and Moderate Response OMVs. The level of 9-Carboxy methoxy methylguanine in Marked Response OMVs can be a good predictor of the efficacy of WMT in the treatment of MetS.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"11 ","pages":"1465499"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11611574/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142767731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of a polyphenol-rich supplement on epigenetic and cellular markers of immune age: a pilot clinical study.","authors":"Austin Perlmutter, Jeffrey S Bland, Arti Chandra, Sonia S Malani, Ryan Smith, Tavis L Mendez, Varun B Dwaraka","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1474597","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1474597","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Age-related alterations in immune function are believed to increase risk for a host of age-related diseases leading to premature death and disability. Programming of the immune system by diet, lifestyle, and environmental factors occurs across the lifespan and influences both makeup and function of the immune system, including immunometabolism. This programming is believed to act in large part through epigenetic modification. Among dietary components that affect this process, polyphenols may play an outsized role. Polyphenols are a widely distributed group of plant nutrients consumed by humans. Certain foods possess distinctive and relatively higher levels of these compounds. One such food is Tartary buckwheat (<i>fagopyrum tataricum</i>), an ancient seed historically prized for its health benefits. It is suggested that the specific composition of polyphenols found in foods like Tartary buckwheat may lead to a unique impact on immunometabolic physiological pathways that could be interrogated through epigenetic analyses. The objective of this study was to investigate the epigenetic effects on peripheral immune cells in healthy individuals of a standardized polyphenol concentrate based on naturally occurring nutrients in Tartary buckwheat. This pilot clinical trial tested the effects of consuming 90 days of this concentrate in 50 healthy male (40%) and female (60%) participants aged 18-85 years using epigenetic age clocks and deconvolution methods. Analysis revealed significant intervention-related changes in multiple epigenetic age clocks and immune markers as well as population-wide alterations in gene ontology (GO) pathways related to longevity and immunity. This study provides previously unidentified insights into the immune, longevity and epigenetic effects of consumption of polyphenol-rich plants and generates additional support for health interventions built around historically consumed plants like Tartary buckwheat while offering compelling opportunities for additional research.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov, Identifier: NCT05234203.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"11 ","pages":"1474597"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11612904/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142767825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}