Frontiers in Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Prognostic impact of visceral and subcutaneous fat area in stage I-III colon cancer patients with cachexia: a population-based multicenter study.","authors":"Xian-Wen Liang, Jing Wen, Bing Liu, Sheng-Zhong Wang, Jin-Cai Wu, Tao Pan","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1538285","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1538285","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adipose tissue reduction is one of the features in patients with cancer cachexia. However, it remains unclear whether visceral fat area (VFA) and subcutaneous fat area (SFA) contribute differently to the progression of cancer cachexia in colon cancer patients. This study aims to investigate the prognostic impact of VFA and SFA in stage I-III colon cancer patients with cachexia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients diagnosed with stage I-III colon cancer were preoperatively measured for VFA and SFA and then divided into VFA-high (VFA-H) and VFA-low (VFA-L) groups, as well as SFA-high (SFA-H) and SFA-low (SFA-L) groups. The prognostic impact of VFA and SFA for colon cancer patients with cachexia were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 916 colon cancer patients (377 with cachexia and 539 without) were included in the study. In patients with cachexia, the estimated five-year overall survival (OS) was higher in the VFA-H group compared to the VFA-L group (<i>p</i> < 0.001). There was no significant difference in five-year OS between the SFA-L and SFA-H groups (<i>p</i> = 0.076). Cox regression analysis indicated that VFA (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.55, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.40 to 0.76; <i>p</i> < 0.001) was an independent prognostic factor for patients with cachexia. SFA (HR = 0.78, 95% CI 0.59 to 1.03; <i>p</i> = 0.076) was not an independent prognostic factor for patients with cachexia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Preoperative VFA, but not SFA was a useful prognostic factor for long-term outcomes in stage I-III colon cancer patients with cachexia. More attention should be paid to VFA in colon cancer patients with cachexia.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1538285"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11911208/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143647944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between METS-IR and female infertility: a cross-sectional study of NHANES 2013-2018.","authors":"Haiyan Li, Hongxia Tan, Zhenbo OuYang, Xianyue Hu, Yanjing Bao, Tianyang Gao, Wenfeng Hua","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1549525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1549525","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Obesity and metabolic syndrome are significant contributors to infertility in women and are closely associated with insulin resistance (IR). The metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR) is a new, non-insulin-based fasting index used to measure IR. However, the potential of METS-IR as a predictive indicator of female infertility risk has not been established. This study aimed to explore the association between METS-IR and the risk of female infertility.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2013 to 2018. We conducted multivariate logistic regression, restricted cubic spline (RCS), and threshold effect analyses to investigate the relationship between METS-IR and female infertility.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>According to the self-reported data, 188 (12.20%) participants were classified as infertile. A significantly higher proportion of participants with elevated METS-IR were found to have infertility. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that METS-IR was significantly associated with increased risk of female infertility, irrespective of the independent variable analysis by continuous variables or tertiles in the fully adjusted model (Model 3, continuous variable: OR = 1.02, 95% confidence interval (CI):1.01-1.04, <i>p</i> = 0.005; tertile 3 vs. tertile 1: OR = 2.00, 95% CI = 1.21-3.28, <i>p</i> = 0.0128, p for trend =0.0126). RCS analysis indicated a linear correlation between METS-IR and the risk of infertility (<i>p</i> = 0.121), and threshold effect analysis further supported this linear association (<i>p</i> = 0.136). Moreover, above the inflection point of 32.94, the risk of infertility significantly increased with increasing METS-IR level (<i>p</i> < 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results suggest that high levels of the METS-IR index are positively associated with infertility among reproductive-aged females in the United States.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1549525"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11906314/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143647959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of probiotic supplementation and cardiovascular risk profiles of patients with coronary artery disease-a cross-sectional analysis of the NHANES database between 1999-2019.","authors":"Murali Palathinkara, Michael Aljadah, Abigail Thorgerson, Aprill Z Dawson, Michael E Widlansky","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1495633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1495633","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is a chronic inflammatory disease that leads to adverse events such as myocardial infarctions and stroke. Gut microbiome modulation is a promising target to reduce chronic inflammation and improve outcomes for patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Risk profile patterns of CAD patients who target gut health with probiotics could provide insight into how gut modulation improves CAD clinical biomarkers. This study aims to evaluate the association between probiotic use and clinical markers of known atherosclerotic risk factors, in patients with CAD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional large-database study using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from years 1999-2020. The cohort included adults with at least a diagnosis of coronary heart disease, angina, and heart attack or two of the following: diabetes, high blood pressure, and high cholesterol. Analyses of clinical biomarkers compared probiotic to non-probiotic groups, between probiotic type groups, and between probiotic supplement strains.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our cohort included 14,992 survey responders. After weighting, this sample represented 46,217,980 US adults. There were 4,062,022 adults exposed to probiotics, 763,288 to probiotic supplements and 3,179,008 to probiotic foods. Probiotic exposure was associated with lower A1c (<i>p</i> < 0.001), lower triglycerides (<i>p</i> < 0.001), lower ASCVD risk score (<i>p</i> = 0.01) and higher HDL-C (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Probiotic supplement exposure was associated with lower LDL-C (<i>p</i> = 0.003) and total cholesterol (<i>p</i> = 0.047).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study reinforces the beneficial association between probiotic ingestion and cardiovascular health in patients with existing atherosclerotic disease. Further studies to better determine potential mechanistic connections between the gut microbiota on cardiovascular risk factors is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1495633"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11906339/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143647975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postnatal counseling promotes early initiation and exclusive breastfeeding: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Belda Negesa Beyene, Wako Golicha Wako, Dureti Moti, Alo Edin, Derese Eshetu Debela","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1473086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1473086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Breastfeeding plays a crucial role in promoting the health and wellbeing of both mothers and their infants, contributing to healthier populations and reducing long-term healthcare costs. Encouraging breastfeeding through education, support, and policies is essential for maximizing these benefits. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of immediate postpartum counseling on early initiation of breastfeeding rates and exclusive breastfeeding in Bule Hora Teaching and Yabelo General Hospitals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cluster randomized single-blinded trial was conducted on 224 postpartum women (112 in the intervention group and 112 in the control group) from January 1, 2023, to May 30, 2023. The effects of immediate postpartum counseling and its associated variables on early initiation and exclusive breastfeeding practices were evaluated using logistic regressions. A <i>p</i>-value of less than 0.05, a 95% confidence interval, and an adjusted odds ratio were used to determine statistical significance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The proportion of early initiation of breastfeeding was significantly greater in the intervention group than in the control group (54.1% vs. 45.9%, <i>p</i> = 0.001), and exclusive breastfeeding practice were also significantly greater among women who received immediate breastfeeding counseling than among those who did not receive it (61.9% vs. 38.1%, <i>p</i> = 0.015). Those mothers who had an ANC visit for their pregnancy were three times more likely (AOR = 3.01, 95% CI = 1.12-8.1) to initiate breastfeeding. Having good knowledge regarding breastfeeding made them six times more likely to initiate breast-feeding earlier (AOR = 6.18, 95% CI = 1.77-21.57). Women who received counseling (AOR = 3.36, 95% CI: 1.83-6.16) and women who had good knowledge about breastfeeding (AOR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.01-3.49) were significantly associated with exclusive breastfeeding practices.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study revealed that immediate postpartum breastfeeding counseling can positively influence both early initiations of breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding practices. Providing sustained education to women regarding early initiation and exclusive breastfeeding practices should be strengthened.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1473086"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11906318/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143647940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between non-highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: evidence from NHANES 2001-2018.","authors":"Yang Duan, Ke Yang, Tianai Zhang, Xiangsheng Guo, Qianran Yin, He Liu","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1548851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1548851","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This research is to analyze the connection between NHHR and CKD occurrence using NHANES from 2001 to 2018. It will evaluate the feasibility of NHHR as a tool for predicting CKM syndrome and offer valuable insights for personalized treatment approaches within the U.S. population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 16,575 individuals aged 20 to 69 years were analyzed, having excluded those who were pregnant and individuals with incomplete data. CKM syndrome was characterized by the simultaneous presence of CKD and Cardiometabolic Syndrome (CMS). For the statistical analysis, weighted logistic regression models were applied, accounting for variables such as age, gender, ethnicity, educational background, marital status, lifestyle factors, and preexisting health conditions. Differently, restricted cubic splines (RCS) were applied to investigate any possible nonlinear relationships between NHHR and CKM in the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The research revealed that the occurrence of CKM syndrome was more prevalent among individuals aged 60 and older, with women representing 55.36% of those affected. Additionally, NHHR levels were notably elevated in CKM patients when compared to those without CKM (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). As NHHR increased, the prevalence of CKM also rose, with the highest prevalence in the highest NHHR quartile (Q4: 36.06%). A positive connection between NHHR and CKM was indicated by multivariable logistic regression, especially in the upper quartiles of NHHR (Q3 and Q4). Moreover, RCS analysis displayed a noteworthy nonlinear connection between NHHR and CKM occurrence. The subgroup analysis uncovered significant interactions influenced by BMI and Hypertension.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>With the rising global prevalence of CKM syndrome, early identification of high-risk individuals using NHHR could inform targeted prevention and intervention strategies. Future research should focus on validating NHHR in diverse populations and exploring its clinical utility, as well as examining its relationship with other biomarkers of metabolic dysfunction to better understand CKM syndrome's complex pathophysiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1548851"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11906338/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143647971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary protein requirements of older adults with sarcopenia determined by the indicator amino acid oxidation technology.","authors":"Wenxuan Wu, Fengge Chen, Hui Ma, Jiaxi Lu, Yanhong Zhang, Haisong Zhou, Yunqi Yang, Shuhui Nie, Rui Wang, Weixiao Yue, Min Li, Xiaoguang Yang","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1486482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1486482","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although protein supplementation may be desirable in the management of sarcopenia, the appropriate protein requirements for older adults with sarcopenia are presently unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to determine the protein requirements of older adults (65-81 year) with sarcopenia by using the indicator amino acid oxidation (IAAO) technology.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Nine older adults with sarcopenia (four male participants and five female participants) participated in the study, with protein intakes ranging from 0.1 to 1.8 g/(kg·d). Each participant consumed an adapted diet with a protein level of 1.0 g/(kg·d) and 1.7 resting energy expenditure (REE) for 2 day. Day 3 was the oxidation day of the study. Diets that delivered energy at a 1.5 × REE were isocaloric. The amounts of phenylalanine and tyrosine maintained at a constant across intakes. Therefore, phenylalanine and tyrosine were added to the protein doses of 0.1-1.5 g/kg, which was based on the highest dose of lactalbumin content [1.8 g/(kg·d)]. Applying a non-linear mixed-effects model analysis of F¹³CO₂, the protein requirement was determined by identifying the breakpoint in the F¹³CO₂ data with graded amounts of dietary protein.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean estimated average requirement (EAR) and recommended nutrient intake (RNI) of protein for older adults with sarcopenia were 1.21 (95% CI: 0.95, 1.46) and 1.54 (95% CI: 1.13, 1.95) g/(kg·d), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>To our knowledge, this is the first study of protein intake in older adults with sarcopenia and indicates that older adults with sarcopenia may require a higher intake of dietary protein.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>http://www.chictr.org.cn, ChiCTR2200061383.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1486482"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11906324/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143647979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal oral supplementation with <i>Saccharomyces boulardii</i> I-1079 during gestation and early lactation impacts the early growth rate and metabolic profile of newborn puppies.","authors":"Ilyas Bendahmane, Quentin Garrigues, Emmanuelle Apper, Amélie Mugnier, Ljubica Svilar, Jean-Charles Martin, Sylvie Chastant, Annabelle Meynadier, Hanna Mila","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1500600","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1500600","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nutritional programming is a manipulation of fetal and neonatal development through maternal feeding. In humans and pigs, maternal yeast supplementation was demonstrated as a promising approach to positively to modulate newborns' health. This study aimed to investigate the effects of <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> var. <i>boulardii</i> CNCM I-1079 (SB) supplementation in pregnant and lactating bitches on the newborns' early growth rate (EGR, between birth and 2 days of life), metabolic profiles, and the association between both of them. A total of 17 female dogs and their 81 puppies were included. From day 28 of gestation until the end of the study, bitches were divided into two groups, one of which received orally 1.3 × 10⁹ colony forming units of live yeast per day. Puppies from mothers receiving the live yeast were defined as the SB group (<i>n</i> = 40) and the others were defined as the placebo group (<i>n</i> = 4 1). For each puppy, EGR was calculated, and blood and urine samples were collected at D2 for metabolome analysis using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LCMS). Puppies from the SB group presented higher EGR compared with the placebo group (12% vs. 7%; <i>p</i> = 0.049). According to the Sparse Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (sPLS-DA), both urine and serum metabolome profiles were significantly different between the two groups with a total of 29 discriminating metabolites in urine and serum. Fourteen of them were implicated in the nitrogen metabolism pathway including, gamma-aminobutyrate, 3-methyl-l-histidine and xanthosine (less abundant in SB compared with placebo group, all <i>p</i> < 0.05), adenine, aspartate and proline (more abundant in SB compared with placebo group, all <i>p</i> < 0.05). Metabolic pathways pointed to proline synthesis, a crucial component in collagen synthesis and osteoarticular system development. Urinary proline abundance was positively correlated with EGR (r = 0.45; <i>p</i> < 0.001). These findings highlight the potential benefits of maternal supplementation with SB promoting early neonatal growth, essential for the neonatal survival, through nitrogen metabolism orientation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1500600"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11903263/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143624117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>γ</i>-Aminobutyric acid treatment enhances quality and improves antioxidant activities of fresh-cut <i>Euryale ferox</i> stems during postharvest storage.","authors":"Yan Wang, Hongmei Wei, Songxu Wang, Fulong Yu, Ligong Zhai, Jianting Yang, Zhaohui Wei","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1527555","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1527555","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Fresh-cut <i>Euryale ferox</i> stem (FCEFS) is a nutrient-rich but underutilized vegetable that has a short shelf life, making it prone to softening and rotting.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The effects of different concentrations of <i>γ</i>-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on sensory quality and antioxidant activity during cold storage at 4°C for 20 d were examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results revealed that the FCEFS samples treated with 5 mM GABA maintained greater hardness and ascorbic acid, total phenolic compound and chlorophyll contents than the FCEFS samples not treated with GABA. FCEFS samples subjected to GABA treatment and stored under long-term cold storage conditions presented elevated sensory scores. The control group had ceased to possess commercial value on 16 d, and it was edible by 20 d following GABA treatment, which was corroborated by the notable colour characteristics and electronic nose analysis. Notably, GABA treatment delayed the decrease in soluble solid and endogenous GABA levels, and delayed the accumulation of malondialdehyde and the increase in lignin content in FCEFS during cold storage. In addition, GABA maintained high peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activities.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Treatment with 5 mM GABA maintained the shelf-life and sensory quality of the FCEFS for 20 d at 4°C. Therefore, these results indicate that GABA can be used to delay the softening of FCEFS and extend its cold storage and shelf-life.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1527555"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11903266/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143624162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic skeletal muscle loss and its predictive role on 90-day mortality in patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure.","authors":"Nan Geng, Ming Kong, Jiateng Zhang, Manman Xu, Huina Chen, Wenyan Song, Yu Chen, Zhongping Duan","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1446265","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1446265","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Low skeletal muscle mass is an independent risk factor for increased mortality in patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). However, no study has evaluated the temporal changes in muscle mass during the course of ACLF. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the dynamic changes in muscle mass and their prognostic role in patients with ACLF.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on consecutive patients with ACLF who underwent two or more abdominal computed tomography examinations within 90 days of admission. The percentage change rates of the skeletal muscle index at the third lumbar vertebra (L3-SMI) were calculated as (L3-SMI_final - L3-SMI_initial)/(L3-SMI_initial) × 100%.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 154 patients with ACLF were included. During the course of ACLF, the percentage change rates of L3-SMI at 2-7, 8-14, 15-30, 31-60, and 61-90 days were - 0.83 ± 4.43, -3.76 ± 4.40, -7.30 ± 5.89, -10.10 ± 7.45, and - 5.53 ± 9.26, respectively. Significant reductions in L3-SMI were noted in patients with severe conditions compared to other patients at 2-7 days and 15-30 days. Moreover, the rate of decrease in L3-SMI in patients with a lower respiratory quotient (RQ) was significantly greater than that in patients with a normal RQ at 2-7 days and 15-30 days. Additionally, high muscle loss (HR 2.059; 95% CI 1.122-3.780, <i>p</i> = 0.020), rather than pre-existing sarcopenia (HR 1.430; 95% CI 0.724-2.826, <i>p</i> = 0.303) at baseline, was independently associated with 90-day mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Deterioration in muscle mass is associated with disease severity and poor nutritional status and serves as a more effective predictor of adverse short-term outcomes in patients with ACLF. These findings underscore the importance of dynamic evaluation of muscle loss and emphasize the necessity of reversing muscle loss in patients with ACLF.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1446265"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11903284/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143624184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Nutrients, stress response, and human health.","authors":"Jagannath Misra, Julius Liobikas","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1558682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1558682","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1558682"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11903274/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143624201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}