Frontiers in Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"When diets fall short: link between unsuccessful weight loss and reduced BDNF levels.","authors":"Gang Wu, Guifeng Shi, Yafei Ye, Xiaoqin He, Yahong Chen, Cuimin Liu, Meixian Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1618927","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1618927","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a protein essential for brain health and nutrient energy metabolism. This study aims to examine the relationship between blood BDNF levels and obesity and to assess the effect of energy-restricted diets on BDNF levels.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We enrolled 233 individuals with normal weight (<i>n</i> = 102), overweight (<i>n</i> = 52), and obesity (<i>n</i> = 69) and measured their serum BDNF levels. Totally 49 overweight and obese participants then followed a 4-week energy-restricted diet. Paired tests were used to statistically evaluate changes in serum BDNF levels before and after the diet. Based on the effectiveness of weight loss, participants were divided into high- and low-response groups. Changes in BDNF levels before and after the diet were further analyzed separately in the high- and low-response groups for both men and women.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings showed that serum BDNF levels were significantly elevated in overweight and obese adults in the Chinese population studied (<i>P</i> = 0.002). Energy restriction led to a significant decrease in BDNF levels in overweight and obese participants (before: 19,605.13 ± 5,706.07 pg/ml, after: 16,437.39 ± 5,365.13 pg/ml, <i>P</i> < 0.001). In subgroup analysis, a reduction in BDNF levels was observed only in the female hyporesponsive group (<i>P</i> = 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Serum BDNF levels were elevated in overweight and obese adults in the Chinese population, and an energy-restricted diet reduced serum BDNF. In women, failure to achieve weight loss with an energy-restricted diet may be associated with decreased BDNF levels. Maintaining stable BDNF levels, such as through exercise, should be considered to enhance weight loss outcomes. Confounding factors such as the menstrual cycle, menopausal status, and levels of physical activity should be taken into consideration in future studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1618927"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12279483/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144689725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut microbiota-derived SCFAs and MetS-related nephropathy.","authors":"Xiaofang Tian, Li Sun, Shengjie Guo, Liying Yuan, Tang Zhang, Chengqian Huang, Tingting He, Qianfeng Jiang, Yizhou Zeng","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1561271","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1561271","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a group of complex disorders characterized by abnormalities in the metabolism of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, and other substances in the human body. The kidney plays a vital role in these metabolic processes. Similarly, metabolic disorders can lead to renal damage, which can affect both its structure and function. The human intestinal tract possesses an abundant and diverse gut microbial community that significantly influences the physiology and pathology of the host. Growing evidence suggests that gut microbiota-derived metabolites exhibit multiple effects (anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and improvement of lipid metabolism) in MetS. Particularly, considerable research has suggested that gut microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) have an intimate relationship with MetS-related nephropathy. The functions of SCFAs are involved in modulating energy metabolism, regulating immune and inflammatory responses, and inhibiting oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage, which are mainly through the activation of transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors (GPRs) and the inhibition of Histone deacetylase activity (HDAC). Regarding MetS-related nephropathy, therapeutic studies of SCFAs have been conducted in both clinical investigations and animal experiments. However, the role of SCFAs in kidney damage caused by various metabolic disorders has not been fully elucidated. The aim of this article is to review the role of SCFAs in MetS-related nephropathy, which will provide a prospective therapy strategy for MetS-related nephropathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1561271"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12279758/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144689776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Curcumin supplementation accelerates high-altitude acclimatization, prevents polycythemia and modulates gut microbiota in male Han population: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Jilei Hu, Hongmei Lang, Die Fan, Ting Wen, Jiaojiao Shi, Chunxiu Xiao, Yunming Li, Chao Kang, Peijie Shi, Lirong Shen, Ning Lin","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1572376","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1572376","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous evidence showed that curcumin enhanced the oxygen supply efficiency of hemoglobin and alleviated acute plateau hypoxia injury in animal models. However, its efficacy on human beings is not yet verified. This study aimed to assess the effects of curcumin supplementation on hypoxia injury and gut microbiota in the male Han population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this 7-week single-blinded randomized trial, 102 male Han population urgently entered the 3,000 meters altitude from the plain and received 812 mg curcumin or placebo per day for 1 week on the plain and 6 weeks on the plateau. Biochemical parameters were assessed and physical examination was carried out at the baseline (T0), and the end of the 1st (T₁) and 7th week (T₃) of intervention. The score of acute mountain sickness (AMS) was evaluated in the 2nd week after entering the plateau (T₂) and T₃. Intestine microbial composition was analyzed by metagenomic sequencing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After a 1-week intervention on the plain, curcumin significantly increased red blood cells (RBC), hematocrit (HCT), and hemoglobin in treatment group as compared to placebo group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). However, curcumin significantly reduced the levels of HCT and hemoglobin compared to that in the placebo group after the 6-week intervention on the plateau (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Furthermore, the score of AMS in the curcumin group were lower than those in the placebo group at T₃, although with no significant difference. Gut microbiota analysis indicated that curcumin significantly increased the abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria <i>Roseburia</i>, <i>Lachnospira,</i> and <i>Sellimonas</i> while decreasing the abundance of <i>Alistipes</i> and <i>Escherichia</i> at high-altitude environments. In addition, a higher relative abundance of <i>Bifidobacterium</i> was observed in the curcumin group on the plateau.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Curcumin exhibited different regulation of hemoglobin in low- and high-altitude environments. On the plain, curcumin supplementation elevated the RBC and hemoglobin, which is favorable for reducing the incidence of AMS at the early stage of entering the plateau. On the plateau, curcumin suppressed excessive increase of HCT and hemoglobin by modulating the abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria to avoid the occurrence of high-altitude polycythemia.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>https://www.chictr.org.cn/, identifier: ChiCTR220005965.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1572376"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12279741/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144689773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The burden of gastric cancer attributed to high salt intake and predictions through the year 2042: a cross-national comparative analysis of China, Japan, and South Korea.","authors":"Wei Liu, Zhen-Zhen Peng, Dong-Qin Zhao, Yang Liu, Kui Liao","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1584400","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1584400","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gastric cancer remains a significant health burden, particularly in East Asia, where high salt intake is a major risk factor. This study assesses the gastric cancer burden attributable to high salt intake in China, Japan, and South Korea.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from the GBD 2021 database, including age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR), age-standardized DALY rates (ASDR), and population attributable fraction (PAF) related to high salt intake. The study focused on individuals aged 25 and above, covering global, Chinese, Japanese, and South Korean populations, with trends from 1990 to 2021 and projections through 2042.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 1990 to 2021, the gastric cancer burden attributable to high salt intake significantly decreased globally and in China, Japan, and South Korea. Globally, ASMR decreased from 1.74 per 100,000 in 1990 to 0.89 per 100,000 in 2021 (EAPC = -2.26). In China, ASMR decreased from 3.85 per 100,000 in 1990 to 1.78 per 100,000 in 2021 (EAPC = -2.56), with similar declines in Japan and South Korea. Gender disparities remain, with men bearing a significantly higher gastric cancer burden, especially among the elderly.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While high salt intake's contribution to gastric cancer decreased from 1990 to 2021, it remains a major factor in mortality and DALYs, particularly among elderly and male populations. However, these findings should be interpreted with caution due to reliance on modeled population-level data and the inability to establish causality from observational sources.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1584400"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12279510/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144689723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between body roundness index and risks of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in adults with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: NHANES 1999-2018.","authors":"Yanshan Yi, Li Yang","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1604398","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1604398","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Visceral obesity is an important risk factor for the development and progression of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). The body roundness index (BRI) is a novel indicator that demonstrates a stronger correlation with visceral fat than other anthropometric indices. However, the association between the BRI and mortality risk in patients with MASLD remains unclear. Therefore, this study investigated the relationship between the BRI and the risks of all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality among patients with MASLD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 7,428 adults aged ≥18 years with MASLD, utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database spanning from 1999 to 2018. The assessment of MASLD was conducted based on the fatty liver index (FLI). To examine the relationship between the BRI and mortality risks, multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models, trend analysis, and restricted cubic spline curves were employed. Additionally, subgroup analyses were conducted to assess whether the association between the BRI and mortality varied across different subgroups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 1,249 participant deaths were recorded during a median follow-up period of 115 months, of which 404 were attributed to cardiovascular disease. After adjusting for multiple covariates in the fully adjusted model, the risk of all-cause mortality was increased by 27% (HR: 1.27; 95% CI: 1.00-1.60) and 52% (HR: 1.52; 95% CI: 1.18-1.96) in BRI quartiles 3 to 4 (Q3-Q4) compared with Q1, respectively. Similarly, the risk of cardiovascular disease mortality was increased by 61% (HR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.05-2.46), 62% (HR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.03-2.53), and 144% (HR, 2.44; 95% CI, 1.46-4.09) in BRI quartiles 2 to 4 (Q2-Q4) compared with Q1, respectively. The restricted cubic spline curves indicated a linear relationship between the BRI and both all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality (<i>p</i> for non-linearity >0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this nationally representative sample of adults with MASLD from the non-institutionalized civilian population in the United States, the BRI served as an independent predictor of both all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality. Specifically, higher BRI values were associated with increased risks of both all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality among patients with MASLD.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1604398"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12279492/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144689721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal complementary feeding practice and associated factors among children in Konso Zone, South Ethiopia.","authors":"Meseret Girma Abate, Zelalem Tafese Wondimagegne, Tefera Belachew","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1568887","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1568887","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Despite the critical importance of complementary feeding, a significant number of young children in developing countries have suboptimal complementary feeding practices (OCFPs). After 6 months, a nutrient-dense, varied diet containing fruits and vegetables is crucial to complement breastfeeding. These appropriate complementary feeding practices have the potential to prevent all deaths among children. There were evidence gaps on OCFPs among children in the study area. Therefore, this study was conducted to fill this gap in order to design context-specific intervention.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Konso Zone, in South Ethiopia, among 337 randomly selected mothers having children 6-23 months of age. Data were collected using a pretested interviewer-administered questionnaire using the Kobo Toolbox and exported to SPSS Version 25 for cleaning and analysis. A multivariable binary logistic regression model was used to determine independent predictors of OCFP of mothers. Variables with a <i>p</i>-value < 0.05 at a 95% confidence interval (CI) were considered statistically significant in the final model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall prevalence of OCFP was 14.8% (95% CI: 11.80%, 19.10%). The practices of timely initiation of complementary feeding, minimum meal frequency, and minimum dietary diversity (MDD) were 63.20%, 92.60%, and 20.50%, respectively. Mothers who were in advanced age (>35 years) (AOR = 3.32, 95% CL: 1.59, 6.95), exchanged food items from the market (AOR = 2.23, 95% CL: 1.03, 4.77), and had accessibility and availability of fruit and vegetables (AOR = 4.16, 95% CL: 1.83, 9.43) were independent predictors of OCFP.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings indicate that a significantly low proportion of children met the minimum World Health Organization (WHO) complementary feeding recommendations. However, meal frequency showed relatively better adherence. Only one-fifth of young children achieved MDD, while more than two-thirds began complementary feeding earlier than the recommended 6-month threshold. To improve complementary feeding practices, cost-effective interventions such as increasing access to fruits and vegetables and encouraging mothers to trade homegrown food items in local markets to diversify their children's diets could be beneficial. Additionally, targeted efforts should focus on enhancing key complementary feeding indicators of meal frequency, timely introduction of complementary foods, and achieving MDD to improve children's nutritional needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1568887"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12279517/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144689777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential effects of Asian-adapted Mediterranean diet in depression and anxiety among women with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a secondary analysis.","authors":"Alicia Salamanca-Sanabria, Yu Chung Chooi, Evelyn Xiu Ling Loo, Xianning Lai, Vera Sergeyevna Brok Volchanskaya, Yap Seng Chong, Johan Gunnar Eriksson","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1589412","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1589412","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Common Mental Disorders (CMDs) such as anxiety and depression have been associated with metabolic dysfunction-Associated steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD). The Mediterranean Diet (MD) has been shown to improve metabolic health and reduce CMDs. We previously reported that a calorie-restricted MD adapted to the Asian food culture has beneficial effects on body composition, liver fat, and cardiometabolic markers in Chinese Singaporean women with MASLD.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This secondary analysis examines the effects of an Asian-adapted MD on the symptoms of anxiety and depression in the same population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a double-blind, parallel-design, randomized controlled trial, 84 Chinese- Singaporean females with MASLD were randomly assigned to 1 of the 3 groups for 12 weeks: adapted Asian MD with C15:0 supplementation (<i>n</i> = 29), diet without C15:0 supplementation (<i>n</i> = 26), or control (habitual diet and no C15:0 supplementation, <i>n</i> = 29). Depression and anxiety symptoms were assessed using the Beck Inventory Questionnaire (BDI-II) and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Paired <i>t-tests</i> showed a statistically significant reduction in anxiety and depression symptoms within the groups. Particularly, the Diet+C15 group showed a significant decrease in <i>trait</i> anxiety scores (<i>M</i> = 38.62, SE = 1.84 to <i>M</i> = 34.10, SE = 1.73), <i>t</i> (28) = 3.73, <i>p</i> < 0.001, with a medium-to-large effect size (<i>d</i> = 0.69) Jacobson and Truax's reliable change criteria showed clinically reliable improvements in anxiety and depression postintervention.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Asian-adapted MD shows potential benefits for reducing anxiety and depression symptoms, particularly <i>trait</i> anxiety in women with MASLD. However, given the complexity of CMD, findings should be interpreted cautiously. Future research with larger sample sizes is needed to confirm these effects and explore underlying mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>http://clinicaltrials.gov, NCT05259475.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1589412"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12279490/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144689778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Brown-shell eggs shows high incidence of blood and meat spots accompanied by unique microbial distribution patterns.","authors":"","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1652275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1652275","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1561194.].</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1652275"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12281532/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144689772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition: a bibliometric analysis of research trends and contributions (2018-2024).","authors":"Qimeng Xu, Qiufu Li, Yucheng Yao, Ying He, Sitao Tan, Xiaoxia Liu, Xiaoyu Chen","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1613395","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1613395","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria were officially introduced in 2018 with the aim of establishing a standardized global framework for the diagnosis of malnutrition. Synthesizing expert consensus from multiple international organizations, the GLIM criteria proposed a two-step diagnostic model integrating both phenotypic and etiologic components. Although GLIM-related research has expanded rapidly in recent years, a comprehensive bibliometric evaluation remains absent.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Relevant literature published between 2018 and 2024 was retrieved from the Scopus database. Only English-language original research articles and reviews were included. A total of 729 eligible publications were analyzed using VOSviewer (v1.6.10), CiteSpace (v5.8.R3), and the online platform Bioinformatics. The analysis covered various dimensions, including countries, institutions, authors, journals, keywords, and highly cited references.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The volume of GLIM-related publications has shown a steady upward trajectory, peaking in 2024. China emerged as the most prolific country, followed by Spain and Japan. The top contributing institutions included Uppsala University, Capital Medical University, and Beijing Shijitan Hospital. Among the most productive authors were Cederholm T, Shi H, and Correia MITD. <i>Clinical Nutrition</i> and <i>Nutrients</i> were identified as the core journals in this field. Keyword analysis revealed that \"malnutrition,\" \"diagnosis,\" \"sarcopenia,\" \"cancer,\" and \"nutritional risk\" were pre-dominant themes, while \"systematic review,\" \"protein blood level,\" and \"gastric cancer\" represented emerging areas of interest.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study represents the first comprehensive bibliometric analysis of research related to the GLIM criteria. It identifies key contributors, collaboration networks, and thematic evolutions in the field, highlighting a transition from the development of diagnostic frameworks to clinical application and individualized nutritional assessment. These findings provide a valuable reference for guiding future research directions in GLIM-related domains.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1613395"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12279482/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144689775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomic and metabolomic insights into the synergistic effects of resveratrol and β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyric acid on hepatic function under varying protein diets in Tibetan sheep.","authors":"Yu Zhang, Kaina Zhu, Fengshuo Zhang, Zhenling Wu, Shengzhen Hou, Linsheng Gui","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1614114","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1614114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Increasing evidence indicated resveratrol (RES) and β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyric acid (HMB) regulated several biological processes via modulating gene expression. This study employed transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses to investigate the impact of RES and HMB supplementation, in combination with varying dietary protein levels on hepatic immunity, antioxidant capacity, and morphology in Tibetan sheep.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two treatments (with or without RES and HMB supplementation) and two dietary protein levels (12% vs. 14% of the basal diet) were tested according to a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement within a Latin square design. A total of 120 healthy two-month-old male Tibetan lambs (16.87 ± 0.31 kg) were randomly allocated for 90-day feeding experiment, with the following treatments: low-protein basal diet without (L group) or with (L-RES + HMB group) supplemental 1.50 g/d RES and 1.25 g/d HMB, and high-protein basal diet without (H group) or with (H-RES + HMB group) supplemental 1.50 g/d RES and 1.25 g/d HMB.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicated that the liver tissue structure was predominantly normal in the H-RES + HMB group, devoid of central vein congestion. The catalase (CAT) activity and total antioxidant (T-AOC) capacity were significantly increased when fed the 14% protein diet (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The superoxide dismutase (SOD) and CAT activities of sheep fed supplementary-treated diets were significantly increased than the basal diet (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Immunoglobulin M (IgM) level and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-<i>α</i>) activity in the H-RES + HMB group were significantly increased than those in the H and L groups (<i>p</i> < 0.05), whereas interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) levels were significantly lower (<i>p</i> < 0.05). A total of 4,236 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, including 3,503 upregulated genes and 733 downregulated genes, which were categorized into immune-related KEGG signaling pathways. Metabolomic analysis identified that compared to L group, the abundance of 918 metabolites were significantly changed in H-RES + HMB group including 829 upregulated and 89 downregulated. Those differential metabolites enriched in KEGG pathways primarily related to immunity and antioxidation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dietary protein level and RES/HMB supplementation exhibited positively interaction effect on immunity and antioxidant capacity. The 14% protein diet with RES and HMB improved the hepatic function through modulating the gene and metabolite in Tibetan sheep.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1614114"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12279703/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144689724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}