Frontiers in Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"The impact of vitamin D on atopic disorders: assessing evidence for a causal relationship.","authors":"Valeria Andrea Zúñiga, Blanca Bazan-Perkins","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1584818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1584818","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since the beginning of COVID-19 pandemic, there has been a noticeable increase in the consumption of vitamin D. Evidence accentuates the generation of a pro-tolerogenic T helper 2 cell state with vitamin D, suppressing T helper 1 inflammatory response. T helper 2 cell polarization is characteristic of atopy. However, although the literature on vitamin D and atopy has yielded controversial results, multiple studies have described an inverse relationship between vitamin D levels and the severity of atopy, as well as an improvement of the pathology with vitamin D supplementation. A different approach is offered in the analysis of the immunological mechanisms by which vitamin D acts in the human body, supporting its use as a promoter of homeostasis. In this sense, vitamin D promotes a balanced state through the action of regulatory T cells, controlling cytokines, both pro- and anti-inflammatory, and by reducing B cell prolif eration and differentiation, thus preventing the possible development of atopy.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1584818"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12018226/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143961966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fixed combination of palmitoylethanolamide and melatonin in preventive therapy of migraine: results from a randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Vincenzo Piccolo, Adua Marzocchi, Maria Maisto, Vincenzo Summa, Gian Carlo Tenore, Angela Amoresano","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1560654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1560654","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Migraines are neurological disorders which significantly impact quality of life. Current pharmacological treatments often have adverse effects, prompting the search for alternatives with fewer side effects. Several studies have described the antimigraine properties of palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) and melatonin.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Our research assessed the efficacy of the association of hydrodispersible PEA (1,200 mg) and melatonin (0.2 mg) by a randomized, three-month, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (PEATONIDE^®; <i>n</i> = 30 patients; placebo; <i>n</i> = 30 patients). The participants were recruited by \"I.N.B.B. Consortium\" in Italy. The primary outcome was the reduction of migraine frequency, while secondary outcomes included the reduction of intensity, duration, and grade of disability. The parameters were assessed by a self-reported daily headache diary.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The formulation displayed a significant reduction in frequency (T3 months: 2.2 ± 0.4 MMDs; T0 baseline: 3.4 ± 0.5 MMDs, ***<i>p</i> < 0.001 <i>vs</i> baseline T0) and duration, intensity, disability, and incidence of associated symptoms of migraine attacks after 3 months of treatment. No adverse effects were observed during the treatment. In addition, a significant mitigation of migraine-related symptomatology was observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that PEATONIDE^® may be a promising adjunctive approach for migraine management. However, given the relatively small sample size, further large-scale and multicenter trials are needed to confirm its clinical applicability in broader migraine population.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1560654"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12018232/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143992344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flavonoids from the genus <i>Polygonatum</i>: biological activities and biosynthesis mechanism.","authors":"Xin-Pei Ye, Yan-Yu Hu, Yan-Xi Chen, Zhen-Xing Tang, Zhong-Bao Jiang, Yue Fu, Zi-Xin Wang, Er-Xu Pi, Gao-Feng Bian, Lu-E Shi","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1574182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1574182","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The genus <i>Polygonatum</i> is a medicinal plant that has been used as food for a long time, containing various biologically active compounds, including polysaccharides, saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, and many others. <i>Polygonatum</i>, like other Chinese herbal plants, can be employed as natural medicines, exhibiting a reduced incidence of adverse effects compared to synthetic pharmaceuticals. Flavonoids are key biomarkers that indicate the quality of the genus <i>Polygonatum</i>, and constitute one of the primary active ingredients. Additionally, flavonoids exhibit a range of nutritional, biological and health-promoting characteristics, including antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and hypoglycemic properties. This paper reviewed biosynthesis and bioactivities of flavonoids from the genus <i>Polygonatum</i>. We hope that this paper would ultimately serve as a valuable reference for the development of flavonoid-related functional foods from the genus <i>Polygonatum</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1574182"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12018238/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143984860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age-specific associations of RBC folate and several serum folate forms with obesity risk: NHANES 2011-2018.","authors":"Meng Wang, Zonghang Tong, Chaoxue Li, Yanhong Wang, Xueli Yang, Zhongying Gong, Qiang Zhang, Xuan Wang, Xumei Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1547844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1547844","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aims to explore the associations between RBC folate, several serum folate forms [serum total folate, 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-mTHF), and unmetabolized folic acid (UMFA)], and obesity risk in middle-aged and older populations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from NHANES (2011-2018) included 11,615 participants. Generalized linear models (GLMs) were applied to investigate associations of RBC folate and various serum folate forms with obesity risk after multivariable adjustment. Potential effect modifications were examined through stratified analyses and multiplicative interaction testing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the total sample, middle-aged, and older participants, 4578 (39.4%), 3613 (40.0%), and 965 (37.2%) were obese, respectively. A positive association between RBC folate and obesity risk was observed, with the highest risks of obesity were consistently found in the fourth quartile (≥ 1,430 nmol/L) for the middle-aged adults (OR = 1.104, 95% CI: 1.045-1.166) and the older participants (OR = 1.157, 95% CI: 1.036-1.293). A significant negative association between serum total folate levels and obesity risk in middle-aged participants, with an OR of 0.804 (95% CI: 0.773-0.835) in the highest quartile (≥ 54.2 nmol/L). Similarly, serum 5-mTHF levels were negatively associated with obesity risk, with an OR of 0.800 (95% CI: 0.772-0.830) in the highest quartile (≥ 51.2 nmol/L). Most importantly, older participants with UMFA levels in the fourth quartile (≥ 1.06 nmol/L) had a higher risk of obesity (OR, 1.056; 95% CI: 1.004-1.110) compared with those with lower UMFA levels, but this association was not found in the total participants or the middle-aged participants.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Significant positive relationships exist between RBC folate and obesity risk. Additionally, low serum 5-mTHF in middle-aged participants and high UMFA in older adults were associated with increased obesity risk, highlighting the importance of monitoring folate concentrations for guiding future clinical trials on folate supplementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1547844"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12020389/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144009480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling triterpenoid superiority in a newly developed <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> variety through untargeted metabolomics approach.","authors":"Zhibin Pan, Junhan Lin, Gelian Luo, Weiqing Cheng, Ye Li, Changhui Wu","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1541162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1541162","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The fruiting bodies of <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> are renowned for their therapeutic properties, primarily due to their triterpenoid content. Variability in <i>G. lucidum</i> strains may influence the composition and abundance of triterpenoids. In this study, we explored the triterpenoid superiority in a newly developed <i>G. lucidum</i> strain (GL_V2) obtained through mutation breeding, and compared it to a widely cultivated strain (GL_V1). GL_V2 exhibited a 1.4-fold increase in total triterpenoid content and higher DPPH radical scavenging activity compared to GL_V1, while polysaccharide levels remained consistent. Using UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS and chemometric analyses, we identified 589 metabolites, including 86 triterpenoids. Multivariate statistical analyses revealed clear differences in overall metabolite profiles and triterpenoid compositions between the two strains. OPLS-DA identified 56 triterpenoids as key distinguishing markers with VIP values above 1.0. Notably, GL_V2 exhibited increased levels of seven ganoderic acids, two ganoderiols, three ganolucidic acids, and two ganosporelactones, while GL_V1 showed higher concentrations of six lucidenic acids. These results highlight the superior triterpenoid composition of GL_V2 and its potential for developing more potent <i>G. lucidum</i>-derived products. This study offers valuable insights into varietal differences in triterpenoid profiles and their implications for the cultivation and therapeutic use of <i>G. lucidum</i>. Additionally, the findings of this study suggest that GL_V2 holds significant potential for the development of more effective nutraceutical and pharmaceutical products derived from <i>G. lucidum</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1541162"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12018227/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144011442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute effects of a standardised extract of <i>Hericium erinaceus</i> (Lion's Mane mushroom) on cognition and mood in healthy younger adults: a double-blind randomised placebo-controlled study.","authors":"Geyan Surendran, Jake Saye, Syahira Binti Mohd Jalil, Jack Spreadborough, Kyle Duong, Israa M Shatwan, Dash Lilley, Michael Heinrich, Georgina F Dodd, Shelini Surendran","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1405796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1405796","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Animal studies have suggested that Lion's Mane mushroom [<i>Hericium erinaceus</i> (Bull.) Pers.] can enhance cognitive function and mood due to its bioactive metabolites, including erinacines and hericenones. However, despite being an ingredient used both culinarily and therapeutically in the East, and more and more commonly in the West, limited research has focused on the immediate effects of <i>H. erinaceus</i> on the cognitive function and mood of healthy young adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In an acute randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded, cross-over intervention study, we investigated the potential benefits of an acute dose of <i>H. erinaceus</i> fruiting body extract (3g of 10:1 extract) on cognitive performance and mood compared to a placebo. Eighteen healthy participants aged 18 to 35 years took part in the study. At baseline and 90 minutes post-consumption of the interventions, cognitive and mood assessments were administered to measure various cognitive abilities such as executive function, working memory, psychomotor skills, attention and information processing speed as well as positive and negative affect.</p><p><strong>Results and discussion: </strong>The results showed no significant effect of the <i>H. erinaceus</i> fruiting body extract for composite measures of global cognitive function and mood. However, when analysing individual tests, participants exhibited improved performance on the pegboard test at 90 minutes following a single dose of <i>H. erinaceus</i>.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, acute consumption of <i>H. erinaceus</i> fruiting body did not demonstrate a significant overall improvement in cognitive performance and mood compared to the placebo and any benefits may be task or domain specific. Further investigations should investigate the effects of chronic supplementation of <i>H. erinaceus</i> fruiting body on cognition and mood in healthy younger adults, as well as establish optimal dosage and the time to peak concentration of <i>H. erinaceus</i> bioactives in the human brain. Additionally, future research should aim to further elucidate potential mechanisms of action to explain potential brain region and cognitive domain specific effects, such as possible regional increases in cerebral blood flow following consumption of <i>H. erinaceus</i> fruiting bodies. It must also be noted that typically only Lion's mane fruiting bodies are consumed culinarily, where up to 300g of fresh fruiting body are often consumed in the form of mushroom steaks.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1405796"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12018234/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143984143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of quantitative marinating on meat quality, biogenic amines, and flavor compounds in crayfish meat.","authors":"Kelang Kang, Fan Zhang, Fuhua Fu, Jie Ouyang, Yingjuan Wei, Shuhua Lin, Cheng Jiang, Meijuan Yu, Hui Yang","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1573987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1573987","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stewing is a traditional processing method, commonly used for crayfish meat (<i>Procambarus clarkii</i>). In this study, we used a novel method called quantitative marinating (QM) to reduce industrial waste during crayfish meat processing. The taste, flavor, and aroma of crayfish meat processed by boiling (CON), stewing (SG), and QM were investigated. The results showed that crayfish meat in both SG and QM had higher <i>L</i>* and <i>b</i>* values (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Crayfish meat subjected to QM exhibited significantly greater hardness, gumminess, and chewiness than SG (<i>P</i> < 0.05), which was associated with tightly packed muscle fibers, as observed via scanning electron microscopy. Both QM and SG exhibited lower bitterness and astringency compared with CON, as tested by electronic tongue. A total of 25 types of FAAs content showed significant changes in QM and SG (<i>P</i> < 0.05), with the umami amino acids and total amino acids in QM increased by 19.47 and 52.97%, respectively, compared with SG. The results of flavor 5'-nucleotides showed that GMP, AMP, and IMP in QM increased by 72.87, 48.78 and 51.98% compared with SG, respectively (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS) identified 31 compounds, with QM having more volatile compounds such as anethole, linalool, and 1-octanol than SG. The levels of biogenic amines of tryptamine, phenethylamine, and histamine in QM decreased significantly compared with SG (<i>P</i> < 0.05). In conclusion, QM significantly improved the meat color, texture profile and taste-related qualities of crayfish meat while reducing the biogenic amines in crayfish meat.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1573987"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12018247/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143977085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between dietary flavan-3-ols intake and mortality in metabolic syndrome population; a large cohort study.","authors":"Wanjia Zhang, Qian Zhou, Weiqing Yang, Xiaoqin Tan, Yin Xu, Zhan Yi","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1572189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1572189","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a global health concern linked to increased mortality. Diets rich in plant-derived compounds, such as polyphenols, have shown potential health benefits for MetS. Among these, flavan-3-ols, a class of commonly occurring polyphenolic compounds, are known for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, we hypothesize that flavan-3-ols intake is negatively associated with mortality risk in MetS population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study analyzed NHANES data (2007-2008, 2009-2010, and 2017-2018). Flavan-3-ol and monomer intake were obtained from the USDA Flavonoid and FNDDS databases. Associations with mortality were assessed using Cox regression, survival differences were compared using Kaplan-Meier curves, and non-linear trends were examined using restricted cubic splines. Subgroup analyses were conducted to explore potential effect modifications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over a median follow-up period of 114 months, 1,856 participants survived, while 329 deaths were recorded. In Model 3, participants in the highest tertile (T3) of flavan-3-ol intake exhibited a 33% lower risk of all-cause mortality compared to those in the lowest tertile (T1) (HR = 0.67, 95%CI: 0.49-0.92). For monomers, the hazard ratios ranged from 0.55 for higher levels of epigallocatechin to 0.71 for higher levels of gallocatechin. Kaplan-Meier curves indicated significant differences in survival status across dietary flavan-3-ol intake groups. However, no association was found between flavan-3-ol intake and cardiovascular mortality risk. Additionally, restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis did not reveal any non-linear relationship, and no significant interaction effects were observed in the subgroup analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Higher dietary intake of flavan-3-ols is negatively associated with mortality risk in MetS population.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1572189"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12019991/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143992483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>In vitro</i> simulation of the bioavailability of fluoride in food roasted with high-fluoride fuel and its health risks.","authors":"Jianghui Zhang, Guomei Luo, Chenglong Tu, Na Yang, Kuo Tang, Chenghua Tu","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1560015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1560015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fluorosis in coal-burning areas of Southwest China is exacerbated by multi-pathway fluoride exposure, with diet emerging as a critical factor due to traditional food preparation methods. This study systematically evaluated fluoride accumulation, bioavailability, and health risks associated with foods roasted over high-fluoride coal, with a particular focus on chili-a dietary staple with heightened fluoride absorption and bioavailability. Results indicated that after 30 days of roasting, chili's fluoride content reached 869.82 mg·kg^-1, with bioavailability levels between 2.18 and 12.00%, making it the largest contributor to the hazard index (HI), accounting for over 80% of the total when bioavailability was considered. In comparison, corn, tofu, and pork, though accumulating fluoride to varying extents, presented lower bioavailability, and thus relatively lower health risks. Recent dietary shifts in the region show reduced corn consumption and increased chili and pork intake, further shifting dietary fluoride exposure risk toward high-bioavailability foods like chili. These findings highlight the need for dietary management interventions in high-fluoride regions, prioritizing moderated chili consumption and revised cooking practices to mitigate fluorosis risk effectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1560015"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12014449/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143960451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural sulfur compounds in mental health and neurological disorders: insights from observational and intervention studies.","authors":"Apeksha Rana, Ashutosh Katiyar, Alok Arun, Juan Negron Berrios, Gaurav Kumar","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1534000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1534000","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Over the years, the global disease burden of neurological disorders (NDs) and mental disorders (MDs) has significantly increased, making them one of the most critical concerns and challenges to human health. In pursuit of novel therapies against MD and ND, there has been a growing focus on nutrition and health. Dietary sulfur, primarily derived from various natural sources, plays a crucial role in numerous physiological processes, including brain function. This review offers an overview of the chemical composition of several natural sources of the sulfur-rich substances such as isothiocyanates, sulforaphane, glutathione, taurine, sulfated polysaccharides, allyl sulfides, and sulfur-containing amino acids, all of which have neuroprotective properties. A multitude of studies have documented that consuming foods that are high in sulfur enhances brain function by improving cognitive parameters and reduces the severity of neuropathology by exhibiting antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties at the molecular level. In addition, the growing role of natural sulfur compounds in repairing endothelial dysfunction, compromising blood-brain barrier and improving cerebral blood flow, are documented here. Furthermore, this review covers the encouraging results of supplementing sulfur-rich diets in many animal models and clinical investigations, along with their molecular targets in MD, such as schizophrenia, depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, and autism spectrum disorder, and ND, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), and Multiple Sclerosis (MS). The prospects of natural sulfur compounds show great promise as they have potential applications in nutraceuticals, medicines, and functional foods to enhance brain function and prevent diseases. However, additional research is required to clarify the mechanisms by which it works, enhance its bioavailability, and evaluate its long-term safety for broad use.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1534000"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12014460/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143960435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}