Frontiers in Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Unveiling the therapeutic benefits of black chokeberry (<i>Aronia melanocarpa</i>) in alleviating hyperuricemia in mice.","authors":"Chin-Yuan Liu, Wen-Yu Liu, Yeu-Ching Shi, She-Ching Wu","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1556527","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1556527","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hyperuricemia not only increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases such as dyslipidemia, hypertension, coronary artery disease, obesity, metabolic syndrome, and type-2 diabetes, but also severely impacts kidney function, potentially leading to acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study aims to investigate the health benefits of black chokeberry (<i>Aronia melanocarpa</i>) on hyperuricemic mice induced by oxonic acid.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>The experimental results showed that black chokeberry had no significant toxic or negative effects in mice. The measurement of uric acid (UA) indicated that black chokeberry suppressed the UA levels. Additionally, the xanthine oxidase activity in the high-dose group was significantly decreased, along with reductions in serum urea nitrogen and creatinine levels. Black chokeberry effectively increased the glutathione levels in hyperuricemic mice and reduced malondialdehyde levels, as well as significantly inhibiting adenosine deaminase activity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Its efficacy is comparable to that of the marketed drug allopurinol, underscoring the potential of black chokeberry as a functional product for uric acid reduction.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1556527"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12118122/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144173453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritionally adequate, healthy, and climate-friendly diets following the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023: an optimization study for Norway.","authors":"Julie Lengle, Chi Zhang, Arnoldo Frigessi, Lene Frost Andersen","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1485287","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1485287","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Reducing red meat consumption is an effective tactic for decreasing environmental impact of diets while maintaining nutritional adequacy, healthiness, and overall consumer acceptability. Still, dietary change in favor of plant foods is a controversial climate mitigation measure, especially in the Nordic region where agri-food heritage is linked to ruminant husbandry.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;In this study we aimed to explore sustainable diets for the Norwegian context by (1) investigating the environmental impacts of nutritionally optimized diets following the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023 (NNR2023), (2) estimating potential for environmental impact reduction across scenarios of meat and legume consumption, and (3) identifying nutritional challenges.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Quadratic optimization was employed to minimize departure from the average observed Norwegian diet while meeting nutrient, health, and carbon footprint constraints. The diet of Norwegian adults was estimated based on results from the national dietary survey Norkost 3. Global warming potential (GWP), freshwater and marine eutrophication, terrestrial acidification, water use, and transformation and use of land were calculated using data from the Norwegian Life Cycle Assessment Food Database version 01. Diets were optimized to meet NNR2023 nutrition and health recommendations for nutrients and food groups. Optimizations were first run without constraints on GWP, for three diet scenarios: (1) nutrients and health-based targets for food amounts (&lt;i&gt;NNR2023&lt;/i&gt;), (2) nutrients and health-based targets for food amounts with ruminant meat ≥ observed intake (62 g/day) (&lt;i&gt;Ruminant&lt;/i&gt;), and (3) nutrients and health-based targets for food amounts with legumes content ≥40 g/day (Legumes). Then, GWP constraints were applied in 5% increments until no solution was found. The optimal diet for each scenario was defined as the diet with the largest feasible reduction in GWP (NNR2023+/Ruminant+/Legumes+).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Optimizing the diet to meet nutrient and health constraints alone resulted in a modest decrease in GWP (NNR2023); retaining ruminant meat consumption (Ruminant) impeded the reduction (-9% vs. 0%). Diets following NNR2023 nutrient and health constraints alone were feasible up until a 30% reduction in GWP (NNR2023+). A 35% reduction in GWP was achieved when legumes were added to the diet (Legumes+), while diets retaining 62 g of ruminant meat were not identified beyond a 15% reduction in GWP (Ruminant+). Sodium and selenium were the strongest limiting constraints in all scenarios. Diets with a 40% reduction in GWP were identified when nutrient constraints were lowered from the Recommended Intake to the Average Requirement (NNR2023+/Legumes+). Reductions in GWP coincided with reductions in all measured environmental indicators except marine eutrophication.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The NNR2023 guidel","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1485287"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12116325/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144173451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional composition and health benefits of peas-a bibliometric research.","authors":"Melekşen Akin, Sadiye Peral Eyduran, Jelena Mileševic, Suzana Pavlovic, Amil Orahovac, Marta W Vasconcelos, Marija Knez","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1550142","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1550142","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pea (<i>Pisum sativum</i> L.) is a nutritious legume with health benefits, gaining attention as a functional food. Bibliometric studies use quantitative methods to assess research trends, gaps, and future directions. The main objective of this study was to provide a comprehensive overview of the fragmented literature on the nutritional profiles and health benefits of peas using a bibliometric approach. The analysis examined publications from 2013 to 2023, revealing trends in publication volume, author productivity, and international collaboration. Publications peaked in 2015, focusing on topics such as dietary fibers, carotenoids, phenolic compounds, and antinutrients affecting mineral bioavailability. Over the decade, the annual growth rate was 3.25%. The University of Saskatchewan produced the most influential research, with Warkentin TD as the most productive author. Canada and Poland had the highest number of publications, with the USA, China, and India following. Six major international co-authorship networks were identified, highlighting significant collaborations between countries. Key research themes included antioxidants, protein, fiber, and phytate in peas. This study provides a strong foundation for future integrated research, helping to better understand the potential of peas as a functional food and guiding more targeted studies to address current knowledge gaps across various disciplines.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1550142"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12116326/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144173448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of thiamine status and its association with clinical parameters in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis.","authors":"Bo Yang, Naiying Lan, Fanzhou Zeng, Qing Shao, Dan Ye, Hao Wang, Cheng Xue, Nanmei Liu","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1563768","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1563768","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Thiamine deficiency is a common complication in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis (HD). The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to assess the prevalence of thiamine deficiency in HD patients and its association with clinical parameters.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a single-center cross-sectional study that included 113 maintenance HD patients from our hospital. Thiamine status was evaluated by high-performance liquid chromatography on whole blood samples. We evaluated the association between blood thiamine concentration and other clinical parameters, including markers of iron metabolism and cardiac function.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of thiamine deficiency was 11.5%. Univariate analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between thiamine levels and iron metabolism markers, including hemoglobin level (Rho = 0.257, <i>p</i> = 0.006), transferrin saturation (Rho = 0.244, <i>p</i> = 0.009), and serum iron (Rho = 0.213, <i>p</i> = 0.025). A multivariate regression analysis confirmed that thiamine levels were independently associated with hemoglobin levels (beta coefficients = 0.25, <i>p</i> = 0.012).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest an association between lower thiamine levels and anemia in HD patients. Further research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and evaluate the efficacy of thiamine supplementation in improving anemia and other clinical outcomes in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1563768"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12118120/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144173366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced lung cancer inflammation index and short-term mortality in sepsis: a retrospective analysis.","authors":"Junjie Li, Yuekai Shao, Jie Zheng, Qiuyu Dai, Kun Yu, Song Qin, Xinxin Liu, Hong Mei","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1563311","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1563311","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sepsis is a notable cause of death and poor prognosis in the intensive care unit (ICU). Presents an ambiguous association between advanced lung cancer inflammation (ALI) and short-term lethality in sepsis patients. The purpose of this study is to explore this relationship.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study identified sepsis cases from the MIMIC-IV 3.0 dataset. Multivariable Cox regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between ALI and the risks of 30-day all-cause mortality (ACM) and ICU mortality. Kaplan-Meier (K-M) curves and log-rank tests were employed for survival analysis. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression was employed to explore the nonlinear association between ALI and mortality risk. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed to confirm the reliability of the results and to evaluate the incremental effect of ALI on the prediction of short-term mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 4,147 sepsis cases were included in this study, with a 30-day ACM rate of 26.7% and a 30-day ICU mortality rate of 18.5%. In the completely adjusted Cox model, patients in the highest quartile of log2-ALI had a 38% lower risk of 30-day ACM (HR = 0.62, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and a 29% lower risk of 30-day ICU mortality (HR = 0.71, <i>p</i> = 0.002) compared to those in the lowest quartile. K-M curves showed that the group with the lowest log2-ALI had the lowest 30-day ACM and ICU survival rates (log-rank <i>p</i> < 0.001). RCS showed a nonlinear relationship between log2-ALI and 30-day ACM (P-overall < 0.001, P-nonlinear < 0.05). In all subgroups, the relationship between log2-ALI and outcomes showed no notable heterogeneity (P for interaction > 0.05), and four different sensitivity analyses yielded robust results. The combination of sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score and log2-ALI improved the predictive ability for 30-day ACM, with significant increases in C-statistic, Net Reclassification Improvement (NRI), and Integrated Discrimination Improvement (IDI).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This research found that lower levels of ALI were notably linked to higher 30-day ACM and 30-day ICU mortality in sepsis patients, warranting further verification through prospective studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1563311"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12116343/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144173361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable milk-based postbiotics beverages fermented by <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i>: allies in celiac disease inflammation.","authors":"Claudia Bellomo, Francesca Mauriello, Federica Nigro, Francesca Passannanti, Rosa Colucci Cante, Roberto Nigro, Maria Vittoria Barone, Merlin Nanayakkara","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1549120","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1549120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Celiac disease (CeD) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by damage to the small intestine that occurs in genetically predisposed individuals after gluten consumption. Dietary exclusion is the only treatment. Gliadin is one of the main protein component of wheat gluten, and is poorly digested. Undigested peptide, p31-43, triggers several different processes, including inflammation. Intestinal organoids from CeD biopsies are good models for studying CeD inflammation. Postbiotics have been shown to modulate the effects of p31-43 in Caco-2 cells and inflammation in CeD organoids. The aims of this study was to study the anti-inflammatory activity of milk-based postbiotics from of <i>L. plantarum</i>.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Postbiotics from <i>L. plantarum</i> CECT 749-fermented milk enriched with LA (linoleic acid), SCGs (Spent Coffee Grounds) and SCG oil were produced. Gliadin peptide p31-43 was used to induce inflammation on Caco2 cells. Organoids were derived from intestinal biopsies of 3 controls (CTRs) and 3 GCD (gluten containing diet)-CeD patients. NF-kB activation, a marker of inflammation, was evaluated by Western Blot analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that pretreatment with all milk-based postbiotics of <i>L. plantarum</i>, except for SCG oil, inhibited the activation of NF-kB in the presence of the gliadin peptide in Caco-2 cells. The most efficient postbiotics, namely, milk-based postbiotics of <i>L. plantarum</i> with or without SCGs, could also reduce inflammation in intestinal organoids from CeD patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Milk-based postbiotics of <i>L. plantarum</i>, with or without SCGs, prevents the proinflammatory effects of gliadin on Caco-2 cells and constitutive inflammation in CeD intestinal organoids, independent of the CLA (Conjugated linoleic acid) concentration.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1549120"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12107829/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144157832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food waste management practices in hospital foodservices and their associated greenhouse gas emissions: potential for increased environmental sustainability.","authors":"Yee Man Janis Yip, Nathan Cook, Jorja Collins","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1541657","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1541657","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hospitals produce and waste large amounts of food. When disposed in landfill it creates greenhouse gases (GHGs) from the decomposition process. While various food waste management strategies exist that divert hospital food waste to an alternative end of life pathway to landfill, it is not clear which can decrease GHG emissions the most. This study aimed to (a) compare the differences in GHG emissions associated with hospital foodservice food waste before and after adopting a food waste management strategy, and (b) identify which waste management strategy can prevent the most GHGs in 1 year.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A secondary analysis of data from a systematic review reporting on food and food-related waste diversion strategies in hospital foodservice was conducted. The online \"ReFED Impact Calculator\" was used to calculate GHG emissions from food waste in the original scenario (e.g., landfill), and the alternative scenario after a food waste management strategy that reused, recycled or recovered resources was implemented. The net change of GHGs was calculated, and the GHGs emissions avoided in paired samples and between food waste management scenarios was analyzed statistically.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-five food waste management strategies (surplus food donation, feeding animals, anaerobic digestion or industrial uses, and composting) were eligible for analysis and were grouped into eight scenarios. The median GHGs generated decreased after adopting the alternative strategy in all scenarios. There was a statistically significant median reduction in GHGs when changing from landfill to donations (-11.54, <i>p</i> < 0.001), landfill to industrial uses (-25.92, <i>p</i> < 0.001), and landfill to composting (-15.24, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Percentage change in GHGs generated in these 3 scenarios demonstrated a significant difference (<i>p</i> < 0.001), with landfill to donations displaying the greatest reduction in GHGs (-92.02%), followed by composting (-8.69%) and industrial uses (-7.75%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Various food waste diversion strategies can handle types and volumes of hospital food waste, yet each strategy displays a reduction in GHG emissions compared to a lower prioritized strategy. Donating waste shows the greatest reduction in GHG emissions and if food waste cannot be avoided, it may be the preferred end of life pathway for food waste.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1541657"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12106006/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144157814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between dietary patterns and overactive bladder: a cross sectional study of NHANES 2013 to 2023.","authors":"Yiming Ding, Yaru Mou, Dongming Wang, Zeyong Niu, Pengge Xin, Yu Zhou, Guoxin Song, Hongjia Xu, Jian Wang","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1554794","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1554794","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dietary patterns, as a comprehensive dietary indicator, may influence the risk of developing overactive bladder (OAB). However, it remains unclear whether dietary patterns independently affect the development of OAB.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to identify specific dietary patterns using principal component analysis (PCA) and evaluate their associations with the risk of OAB, thereby providing new insights for OAB prevention and management.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Dietary patterns were identified by applying PCA, and their associations with OAB risk were analyzed. After adjusting for three known confounders (age, sex, and BMI), four key dietary patterns were determined: (1) PC5: Antioxidant-balanced pattern, OR = 0.96, 95% CI (0.94-0.97), <i>p</i> < 0.05; (2) PC16: Diversified low-alcohol pattern, OR = 0.92, 95% CI (0.89-0.94), <i>p</i> < 0.05; (3) PC18: Whole-grain high-alcohol pattern, OR = 1.04, 95% CI (1.01-1.07), <i>p</i> < 0.05; (4) PC22: High-fiber low-sugar pattern, OR = 0.93, 95% CI (0.90-0.96), <i>p</i> < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings indicated that the antioxidant-balanced (PC5), diversified low-alcohol (PC16), and high-fiber low-sugar (PC22) dietary patterns were associated with a decreased risk of OAB, while the whole-grain high-alcohol pattern (PC18) exhibited a dual effect. Specifically, when considered independently, the high-fiber low-sugar pattern showed a protective effect; however, when combined with the whole-grain high-alcohol pattern, it increased the risk of OAB.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dietary patterns are independent factors influencing the development of OAB. In particular, the antioxidant-balanced, diversified low-alcohol, and high-fiber low-sugar patterns help reduce OAB risk, whereas the whole-grain high-alcohol pattern exerts a dual effect.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1554794"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12106047/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144157820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploration of the relationship between gastric cancer and nutritional risk factors: insights from the Korea National Health Insurance Database.","authors":"You Na Kim, Chi Young Kim","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1538133","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1538133","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Gastric cancer is the third most common cause of cancer-related deaths. Gastric cancer rates vary across regions, which may be attributable to factors such as <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection, environmental factors, and genetic predispositions. We examined the association between gastric cancer, nutrient intake, and lifestyle parameters in Korean adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study utilized the KNHANES dataset (2012-2016) to explore the nutritional risk factors associated with gastric cancer. Multivariable analysis was conducted to confirm the association between micronutrients and specific food items using questionnaires designed to collect data on individuals' consumption frequency and nutrient intake.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study enrolled 18,894 participants, including 229 diagnosed with gastric cancer. Factors associated with gastric cancer included male sex, older age, low body-mass index, and frequent consumption of food outside the home. Multivariate analysis indicated that a lower intake of protein (odds ratio [OR] 0.98, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.97-0.99, <i>p</i> < 0.001), fat (OR 0.99, 95% CI 0.98-0.99, <i>p</i> < 0.004), and thiamine (OR 0.59, 95% CI 0.45-0.76, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and a higher intake of niacin (OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.02-1.08, <i>p</i> < 0.001) were correlated with an increased risk of gastric cancer. Additionally, specific dietary items, such as tteok (rice cake) and soju, contributed to an elevated gastric cancer risk (OR 1.21, 95% CI, 1.01-1.40; OR 1.14, 95% CI, 1.03-1.25; <i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We found an association between gastric cancer and various nutritional and lifestyle parameters. Nutrient intake and lifestyle-related factors significantly influence the prevalence of gastric cancer, suggesting that tailored interventions could mitigate this risk in specific populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1538133"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12106021/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144157731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The protective effect of various forms of <i>Nigella sativa</i> against hepatorenal dysfunction: underlying mechanisms comprise antioxidation, anti- inflammation, and anti-apoptosis.","authors":"Reham M Algheshairy, Hend F Alharbi, Mona S Almujaydil, Raghad M Alhomaid, Hoda A Ali","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1553215","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1553215","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The liver and kidney are vital organs that are interconnected, dealing with detoxifying and excreting xenobiotics. They are constantly exposed to oxidative stress, which can cause hepatorenal dysfunction. This study compares two forms of <i>Nigella sativa</i> (NS), NS oil (NSO), and NS seeds (NSS), for the first time, in their ability to mitigate hepatorenal injury induced by azathioprine (AZA), exploring potential underlying mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Group (1): negative control; Group (2): positive control received 15 mg/kg AZA orally. Groups (3, 4, and 5) received 100 mg/kg silymarin (standard reference), 500 mg/kg NSO, and 250 mg/kg NSS, respectively, and were subjected to the same dose of AZA. A one-way analysis of variance was conducted, followed by Mann-Whitney <i>post-hoc</i> analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Administration of AZA induced hepatorenal dysfunction, evidenced by dyslipidemia, elevations in serum liver enzymes, creatinine, urea, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and cytokeratin-18. Antioxidant enzymes in liver and kidney tissues were reduced, with an elevation in caspase-3 and caspase-9. Both forms of NS significantly balanced serum pro- inflammatory cytokines (14.33 ± 2.33, 15.15 ± 1.64 vs. 24.87 ± 1.87) pg/ml, interleukin-4 (16.72 ± 1.14, 15.95 ± 1.03 vs. 10.64 ± 1.04) pg/ml, and interleukin-10 (19.89 ± 0.69, 18.38 ± 0.38 vs. 15.52 ± 1.02) pg/ml, and downregulated cytokeratin-18 (210.43 ± 21.56, 195.86 ± 19.42 vs. 296.54 ± 13.94) pg/ml for NSO and NSS vs. the positive group, respectively. NSS enhanced liver antioxidant activity (<i>P</i> < 0.05), normalized liver enzymes (<i>P</i> < 0.05, <i>P</i> < 0.01) for alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, respectively, and significantly lessened dyslipidemia (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Liver caspase-3 and caspase-9 improved significantly with NSS, while kidney caspase-3 and caspase-9 improved with NSO. NSO increased kidney glutathione peroxidase and catalase (<i>P</i> < 0.01) and corrected creatinine and urea (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Histopathological observations confirmed the present data.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Conclusively, NSO and NSS mitigated hepatorenal dysfunction responses to AZA through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptosis properties that underlie their protective performance. Interestingly, NSO surpassed NSS in restoring renal oxidative damage, while NSS provided better hepatic protection than NSO, suggesting NSO for patients with kidney dysfunction and NSS for those with liver problems.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1553215"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12106032/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144157835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}