Frontiers in Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Vitamin D supplementation in critically ill patients: a meta-analysis.","authors":"Wen-He Zheng, Jia-Heng Shi, Da-Xing Yu, Hui-Bin Huang","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1505616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1505616","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vitamin D is commonly used in clinical practice, while its clinical significance in critically ill patients remains controversial. Therefore, we aimed to perform a systemic review and meta-analysis to investigate the effect of vitamin D on this patient population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases from inception until August 15, 2024. Studies evaluating critically ill adult patients who received vitamin D compared to controls were included. The primary outcome was short-term mortality. We used the Cochrane risk of bias tool and GRADE system to evaluate the study quality and evidence. Secondary outcomes were changes in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels, mechanical ventilation (MV) duration, and length of stay (LOS) in the ICU or hospital. We also conducted meta-regression, subgroup analyses, and trial sequential analysis (TSA) to explore the potential heterogeneity among the included trials.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nineteen RCTs with 2,754 patients were eligible. Overall, vitamin D significantly increased serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and significantly reduced the short-term mortality (risk ratio [RR] = 0.83; 95%CI, 0.70-0.98; <i>p</i> = 0.03, <i>I</i> ² = 13%), duration of MV (MD = -2.96 days; 95% CI, -5.39 to -0.52; <i>I</i> ² = 77%; <i>p</i> = 0.02) and ICU LOS (MD = -2.66 days; 95% CI, -4.04 to -1.29, <i>I</i> ² = 70%; <i>p</i> = 0.0001) but not hospital LOS (MD = -0.48 days; 95% CI, -2.37 to 1.40; <i>I</i> ² = 31%; <i>p</i> = 0.61). The meta-regression analysis revealed that the proportion of MV (MV%) accounted for the source of heterogeneity, and the subgroup analyses based on MV% suggested that the MV group was more likely to benefit from vitamin D applications than the partly MV group in all the predefined outcomes (all <i>p</i> values<0.05). TSA for short-term mortality suggested that more data is required to confirm our main conclusion.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Vitamin D supplementation increased serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and significantly benefited critically ill patients, especially those with MV.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>https://inplasy.com/inplasy-2022-10-0074/, INPLASY2022100074.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1505616"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12075268/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144077194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age, socioeconomic status, and weight status as determinants of dietary patterns among German youth: findings from the LIFE child study.","authors":"Emmelie Hähnel, Carolin Sobek, Peggy Ober, Wieland Kiess, Mandy Vogel","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1578176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1578176","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Malnutrition and its consequences, such as obesity, are growing problems, especially in disadvantaged subpopulations. In order to pinpoint possible contributors to children's nutritional habits, we examined potential determinants as age, sex, socioeconomic status, and weight status of different dietary patterns (dp) in a large German research project.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The data was collected within a population-based longitudinal cohort study. We used the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) to assess food intake in 484 children and adolescents aged 5-18 years across 1,068 visits. Cluster analysis was used to identify food groups. Study participants who consumed food groups with a similar frequency were grouped together as dietary patterns. We applied logistic and linear regression to test for whether group membership in different food groups and dietary patterns was associated with age, sex, socioeconomic status (SES), or body mass index (BMI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, food consumption frequency decreased with age, including healthy foods like fruits (<i>β</i> = -0.39, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and vegetables (<i>β</i> = -0.17, <i>p</i> = 0.020). Boys consumed more meat and carbohydrates, milk/egg products, and junk food than girls did, but dietary patterns showed no significant sex differences. There was a trend toward a healthier diet with increasing SES (OR = 1.33, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Children with overweight or obesity were less likely to follow an infrequent diet (OR_OW = 0.56, <i>p</i> = 0.075; OR_OB = 0.41, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and were not significantly underrepresented in the healthiest pattern but were more likely to follow a neutral diet (OR_OW = 4.14, <i>p</i> = 0.042; OR_OB = 1.47, <i>p</i> = 0.504).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study identified age and SES as key factors in children's and adolescents' nutrition, highlighting their importance for improvement measures. The findings on weight and diet suggest both the complexity of obesity aetiology and potential reporting bias in certain weight groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1578176"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12075125/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144077105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interruptions in nutritional therapy in children with chronic diseases during the acute phase of critical illness and their effect on the administered volume.","authors":"Patrícia Zamberlan, Petrovane Morais de Torres, Juliana Caires De Oliveira Achili Ferreira, Werther Brunow Carvalho, Artur Delgado","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1548574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1548574","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1548574"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12075533/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144077113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation and characteristics of carboxymethyl cellulose-based films embedding cinnamon essential oil and their application on mutton preservation.","authors":"Han Wang, Peng Han, Yanghong Zhao, Lijuan Lu, Wenhui Qi, Kaixuan Zhao, Ying Shu, Zhisheng Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1559833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1559833","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Here, the cinnamon essential oil (CEO) was distributed evenly in the carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) matrix, and an edible film was fabricated to improve its physicochemical properties and extend the shelf life of mutton. The results revealed that the film had high visible light transmittance, ultraviolet-blocking properties, and satisfactory mechanical. Incorporating CEO enhanced the antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. When the CEO concentration was 1.5 g/L, the oxygen permeability of the film was the lowest, and mechanical properties were the highest. When the CEO increased, the thickness of the films increased, and the moisture absorption and water solubility of the film decreased. Compared with mutton covered without film or with control film, the film containing CEO more significantly reduced pH value, total volatile basic nitrogen, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, and total bacterial count of mutton samples, improved the color of the meat, and extended the shelf life of the mutton during the 12-day storage at 4°C. These results demonstrate the potential of the developed CMC-based film in preserving meat.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1559833"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12075238/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144077084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a composite index for the assessment of food systems in the Philippines.","authors":"Maria Julia Golloso-Gubat, Angelina Felix, Nancy A Tandang, Cecilia Cristina S Acuin, Prudenciano U Gordoncillo","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1566014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1566014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Food system assessment is vital in providing informed decisions for relevant transformations and policy shifts. In the present study, we developed and a composite index that can be utilized to quantitatively assess the status and/or performance of the food systems in the Philippines. Initially, a set of indicators were generated by Delphi approach, and relevant local data were used to develop algorithms to quantitatively operationalize the indicators which were subsequently grouped into domains by Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Equal weights were applied to indicators, and the linear additive aggregation technique was employed. The robustness of the model was also tested by uncertainty and sensitivity tests. Finally, the utility of the index was tested to describe the status of food systems in the Philippines at the across regions. Results indicate differences in regional food system scores; Central Luzon, CALABARZON, and CAR have higher scores than the other regions, while Bicol, Western Visayas, and Davao obtained relatively low scores. The sub-national level assessment indicates differences in food system concerns and priority areas across the country, providing implications for context-specific program and policy development.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1566014"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12075108/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144077106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnesium depletion scores as a risk factor for prevalence and mortality rates of urinary incontinence: a national survey analysis.","authors":"Ping Xia, Xiaolong Shi, Yunling Yang, Yanru Zhang, Xuyang Hu, Rong Lin, Xiaoying Weng, Fenfang Shen, Xiaobao Chen, Liang Lin","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1439134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1439134","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Magnesium regulates vascular smooth muscle contraction, with implications for cardiovascular diseases. However, the population-level relevance of magnesium homeostasis to urinary incontinence (UI) subtypes and associated mortality remains unexamined.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were utilized to investigate the association between magnesium depletion score (MDS) and urinary incontinence (UI) from 2005 to 2018. Weighted multivariate regression analyses and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to analysis. Additionally, subgroup analyses and multiple imputations (MI) were carried out as sensitivity analyses to ensure the strength and reliability of the findings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 16,197 individuals were included in the study, with 6,881 of them experiencing urinary incontinence (UI). Among those with UI, 767 cases of all-cause mortality were documented. The prevalence rates were 42.83% for stress urinary incontinence (SUI), 27.85% for urgency urinary incontinence (UUI), and 16.82% for mixed urinary incontinence (MUI). Results from weighted logistic regression analysis demonstrated a positive relationship between MDS and SUI (OR 1.09, 95% CI: 1.01-1.17), UUI (OR 1.14, 95% CI: 1.06-1.22), and MUI (OR 1.22, 95% CI: 1.11-1.35). Additionally, higher MDS values were associated with increased severity of urinary incontinence. These findings were further supported by various sensitivity analyses. Furthermore, survey-weighted Cox proportional hazards regression indicated a positive association between MDS and all-cause mortality regardless of (OR 1.27, 95% CI: 1.13-1.41), suggesting that higher MDS independently predicts worse prognosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MDS is an important risk factor for the prevalence and mortality rates of UI. Monitoring magnesium status may inform UI prevention strategies. Interpretation should consider limitations including observational design and lack of serum magnesium levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1439134"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12076750/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144077116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of relative fat mass in gallstone risk assessment: findings from the NHANES 2017-2020 survey.","authors":"Li Wang, Shan Cao, Guodong Song","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1575524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1575524","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gallstones are a prevalent condition that can lead to significant morbidity and healthcare costs. Relative fat mass (RFM), as a potential marker of body fat distribution, may offer insights beyond traditional metrics like body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference. This study aims to investigate the association between RFM and gallstone prevalence in the U.S. population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study cohort comprised 6,881 participants obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between 2017 and 2020. Participants were stratified into quartiles (Q1-Q4) based on their RFM. To evaluate the associations, multivariable logistic regression analyses were employed to assess odds ratios (OR) for gallstone risk across different quartiles of RFM. Additionally, restricted cubic spline analysis was conducted to ascertain the relationship trend while subgroup analyses examined interactions based on age, sex, race, education level, and lifestyle factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis revealed significant associations for participants within the higher RFM quartiles (Q3 and Q4), with ORs of 2.58 (95% CI: 1.65, 4.04) and 6.30 (95% CI: 3.63, 10.93), respectively, compared to Q1. The findings consistently indicated that RFM, particularly in Q4, is a strong predictor of gallstone risk, demonstrating superior predictive performance relative to waist circumference and BMI, as evidenced by an AUC of 0.702.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Elevated RFM is a noteworthy predictor of gallstone risk in the studied population, suggesting its potential utility in clinical risk assessment frameworks. Future research should focus on elucidating the underlying mechanisms driving this association and exploring RFM's applicability as a pragmatic tool in clinical practice for gallstone risk stratification.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1575524"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12075137/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144077178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Ketogenic metabolic therapy as a treatment for mental health disorders.","authors":"Georgia Ede, Beth A Zupec-Kania, Susan A Masino","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1606634","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1606634","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1606634"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12069362/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144002654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Mind, body, plate: investigating disordered eating in the active population.","authors":"Gordana Kenđel Jovanović, Renata Barić, Alessandra Pokrajac-Bulian, Zrinka Greblo Jurakić","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1592265","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1592265","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1592265"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12069265/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143995239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Higher dietary live microbe intake is linked to reduced risk of metabolic syndrome and mortality: a cross-sectional and longitudinal study.","authors":"Shan Huang, Haixia Xiao, Huanshun Xiao, Lu Liu, Shuangming Cai","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1592969","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1592969","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The association between dietary live microbe intake and metabolic syndrome (MetS) prevalence, as well as its impact on all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in MetS patients, remains underexplored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 38,462 individuals from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2018 were analyzed. Based on the live microbial level of the consumed foods, participants were divided into three dietary live microbe intake groups: low, medium, and high. Foods with medium and high live microbe content were aggregated into a medium-high consumption category. MetS was defined based on NCEP-ATP III criteria. Survey-weighted logistic regression assessed the cross-sectional association with MetS prevalence, while Cox proportional hazards models evaluated mortality risks in 12,432 individuals with MetS, among whom 2,641 all-cause and 901 CVD deaths occurred.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher dietary live microbe intake was significantly associated with lower odds of MetS. Compared to the low intake group, participants in the high intake group had a 12% lower risk of MetS in the fully adjusted model (OR: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.80-0.97; <i>p</i> = 0.01). Among MetS components, significant inverse associations were observed for low HDL-C, elevated TG, and elevated BP. Participants with high dietary live microbe intake demonstrated a significantly lower risk of all-cause mortality (HR: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.77-0.94; <i>p</i> = 0.002) and CVD-specific mortality (HR: 0.71; 95% CI: 0.55-0.92; <i>p</i> = 0.001) compared to the low intake group. Kaplan-Meier survival curves revealed better survival probabilities in individuals with medium and high intake levels, with significant differences across groups (log-rank <i>p</i> < 0.005). Quantitatively, each 100g increase in MedHi foods was associated with 6% lower all-cause mortality (HR: 0.94; 95% CI: 0.90-0.99; <i>p</i> = 0.01) and 8% lower CVD mortality (HR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.84-1.00; <i>p</i> = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dietary live microbe intake is inversely associated with the prevalence of MetS and its key components, particularly low HDL-C, elevated TG, and elevated BP. In individuals with MetS, higher live microbe intake is associated with reduced all-cause and CVD-specific mortality. These findings suggest that dietary live microbes are a promising modifiable factor for MetS prevention and management, as well as for improving long-term survival outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1592969"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12069296/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143978307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}