Frontiers in Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence of overweight/obesity and its association with fast food consumption among adolescents in Southern Ethiopia, 2022: a community-based cross-sectional study.","authors":"Chernet Elias, Awoke Abraham, Chernet Asrat, Tagese Yakob, Daniel Girma","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1475116","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1475116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Overweight and obesity are body mass index (BMI) for age <i>Z</i>-score > +1SD and > +2SD, respectively. Despite its largest contribution to overweight/obesity, there is little attention in our country about fast-food consumption. Hence, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of overweight/obesity and its association with fast-food consumption among adolescents in Southern Ethiopia. From 14 June 2022 to 15 July 2022, a cross-sectional study design was conducted using a structured questionnaire and anthropometric measurements, with a sample size of 563. The data were coded, cleaned, and imported into EPI-INF version 7.2 before being exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. All variables with <i>p</i>-values less than or equal to 0.25 in bivariate logistic regression were candidate variables for multivariable logistic regression. The response rate of this study was 97%. Based on BMI, the combined prevalence of overweight/obesity was 6.0% (95% CI: 4.2-8.4%). Adolescents who are female, come from high-income families, and eat fast-food frequently are more likely to be overweight or obese. Future health initiatives aimed at lowering the prevalence of overweight and obesity in adolescents should pay special attention to female adolescents and those from high-income families.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"11 ","pages":"1475116"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11808406/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143390630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between nutritional inflammation index and diabetic foot ulcers: a population-based study.","authors":"Zhou Lin, Wanli Zhuang, Lei Wang, Weifeng Lan","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1532131","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1532131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU), a frequent complication of the worldwide disease (diabetes), are the primary causes of amputations and early mortality. The development of DFU is inseparably linked with inflammation and nutrition, necessitating a comprehensive evaluation of their impact on DFU risk. This study aimed to establish a new predictive metric that integrated immune inflammation and nutritional markers to holistically assess the risk of DFU development.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were sourced from NHANES, extracting participant from 1999 to 2004. Analysis of multivariate logistic regression and restricted cubic spline were employed to elucidate the connection and non-linear relationship between albumin/neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (ANLR) and DFU. Stratified subgroup analysis identified advantageous populations, while interaction analysis evaluated variable interactions with ANLR. These approaches collectively contributed to a sensitivity analysis, improving the reliability of the outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 29,608 participants extracted, 1,531 qualified based on the study criteria. Employing the ANLR low group as a reference, the high group demonstrated a 54% reduction in DFU risk. Every increase of 0.1 unit in ANLR correlated with a 5% decrease in DFU risk. Moreover, an L-shaped non-linear link was observed. The turning point was at 3.09. Left of the inflection point, the relationship was negatively correlated. Beyond this point, further increased in ANLR no longer decrease DFU risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study not only proposed a new comprehensive indicator for predicting DFU for the first time but also specified the impact of ANLR on DFU risk. Broadly, a negative correlation existed between the two. Yet, a detailed analysis revealed that this negative correlation involved an inflection point effect. Furthermore, the study investigated how dynamic changes in ANLR affect DFU risk, aiding clinicians in more accurately assessing individual DFU risk and facilitating earlier identification and intervention of DFU. Therefore, for diabetic patients with low serum albumin, appropriate supplementation of albumin was crucial. Additionally, maintaining the NLR at an appropriate level should not be overlooked. Given the components of ANLR were widely used and readily available in clinical settings, their future clinical applications hold great potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1532131"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11802432/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143381923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the acceptance of mozzarella cheese in school lunches among school-aged children: a pilot study.","authors":"Xiaofang Lin, Qin Zhang, Qiong Wu, Wenxuan Huo, Xiaoying Zhang, Shanshan Geng, Yizhou Lv, Yuanyuan Li, Yilun Wang, Linjing Dong, Xue Leng, Zhenghao Lin, Ignatius Man-Yau Szeto, Zhixu Wang","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1495180","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1495180","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Dairy products are an important source of high-quality protein, calcium, vitamin A, and other nutrients, and they are a crucial part of a balanced diet for children. However, the daily intake of dairy products among school-age children in China is significantly inadequate. Considering school lunches as a vital pathway for children to obtain nutrients, this study aims to develop school lunch dishes incorporating mozzarella cheese and to assess the acceptance of these dishes among school-age children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was carried out in a primary school which has a self-run canteen in Nanjing. We innovatively integrated cheese with traditional Chinese food, and conducted a 3-month pilot study to develop dishes that meet the nutritional needs and sensory experience of students. 121 students with an average age of 9.8 years were invited to assess each dishes' appearance, aroma, taste and overall liking, by using a 5-point Likert Scale. Focus group discussions were conducted after the project to further discover students' attitude toward cheese dishes and canteen cooks' experience in improving cheese dishes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the program, 16 cheese dishes were made, including 3 steamed dishes, 2 ready-to-eat foods (only heating required), and 11 stir-fried dishes. The overall liking' results showed that ready-to-eat foods were the most popular among students, and steamed dishes ranked higher than stir-fried dishes (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Among the stir-fried dishes, students' liking scores differed for cheese dishes made from different raw materials, pure meat food was more popular than vegetable food (<i>P</i> = 0.003), meat and vegetable food (<i>P</i> = 0.012). Additionally, focus group discussions found that students gave more positive ratings to and ready-to-eat foods and steamed dishes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cheese can be well combined with traditional Chinese ingredients and be accepted, especially steamed or combined with meat. Introducing cheese in school lunches not only helps cultivate a habit of consuming cheese among children and adolescents from a young age, but also aids in closing the gap between their dairy consumption and dietary guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1495180"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11804515/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143381928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A cohort study of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and the risk of hyperlipidaemia in adults.","authors":"Zi-Yue Liu, Sha Liu, Xue Yao, Chun-Yang Wang, Yunhao Song, Yan-Ming Bi, Jin-Xiu Wang, Yang Li, Ta-la Shi, Wei Mi, Caiyun Chen, Zhi-Yong Hu","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1492621","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1492621","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to investigate the potential association between serum 25(OH)D levels and the risk of hyperlipidemia in adults through a prospective cohort study conducted in Zhejiang Province.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Baseline surveys and follow-up studies were conducted to collect and analyze follow-up data over a three-year period. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as 25(OH)D < 20 ng/mL, insufficiency as 20-29 ng/mL, and sufficiency as 25(OH)D ≥ 30 ng/mL. Hyperlipidemia or dyslipidemia was defined as the presence of hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, or both. The relationship between demographic characteristics and the incidence of hyperlipidemia among the study participants was explored.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1,210 participants were included in this study, with 43.80% being male. The mean age of the participants was 51.84 ± 14.37 years, and the average serum 25(OH)D level was 25.89 (21.50, 29.82) ng/mL. A significant difference in the proportion of vitamin D deficiency was observed between males and females (22.06% vs. 10.94%, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency were prevalent among the middle-aged and elderly population (78.24%). Significant differences were found between the two groups in multiple sociodemographic variables, behavioral factors, and metabolic risk factors (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The incidence of hyperlipidemia among vitamin D-deficient individuals was 1.612 times higher than that among vitamin D-sufficient individuals (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.228-2.116; <i>p</i> < 0.001). After fully adjusting for confounding factors, the multivariate-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) was 1.572 (95% CI: 1.187-2.08; <i>p</i> = 0.002), indicating a difference in the incidence of hyperlipidemia across different serum vitamin D levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This cohort study reveals a significant association between serum 25(OH)D levels and the incidence of hyperlipidemia. Additionally, lifestyle factors associated with vitamin D deficiency are also correlated with the incidence of hyperlipidemia. These findings provide further evidence for improving blood lipid profiles through adjustments in vitamin D intake or related lifestyle modifications.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"11 ","pages":"1492621"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11802281/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143381971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between a body shape index and depressive symptoms: a cross-sectional study using NHANES data (2011-2018).","authors":"Zheng Zhang, Xiang-Yan Ruan, Wei Ma","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1510218","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1510218","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to explore the relationship between A Body Shape Index (ABSI) and depressive symptoms, and to evaluate the moderating effects of sociodemographic, lifestyle, and health factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from 19,659 participants in the 2011-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). ABSI was calculated from waist circumference, height, and BMI. Multiple linear regression models were employed to investigate the association between ABSI and depressive symptoms, with subgroup analyses to examine potential associations within specific populations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher ABSI was significantly associated with increased depressive symptoms, after adjusting for covariates including age, sex, race, marital status, poverty-income ratio, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, diabetes, and hypertension. Individuals in the highest ABSI quartile (Q4) had significantly more depressive symptoms compared to those in the lowest quartile (Q1) (<i>β</i> = 0.22, 95% CI = 0.02-0.41, <i>p</i> = 0.0323). Subgroup analyses revealed that marital status and hypertension significantly moderated the association between ABSI and depressive symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides the first comprehensive analysis of the link between ABSI and depressive symptoms, suggesting that higher ABSI is associated with greater depressive symptoms. These findings highlight the potential importance of waist circumference and abdominal fat distribution in assessing depression risk. Future research should explore the causal mechanisms underlying this association and investigate the biological pathways involved, to inform more effective strategies for depression prevention and intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"11 ","pages":"1510218"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11804810/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143381977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of fish oil supplementation on metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a meta-analysis.","authors":"Like Zhou, Dongmei Sun, Houqiao Bai","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1524830","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1524830","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Globally, the occurrence of Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is on a steady rise. Fish oil has anti-inflammatory effects and can improve lipid metabolism. The article aims to assess the impact of fish oil supplementation on MASLD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a systematic search of Cochrane, Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science up to September 31, 2024, for randomized control trials (RCTs). The risk of bias of the included RCTs was evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration's tool. Outcomes measured were aspects of liver injury, lipid profile, insulin resistance, anthropometric measurements, and more.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving 439 participants were incorporated into the analysis. In general, the risk of bias in these RCTs was either low or not clearly defined. Pooled analysis showed that triglycerides [TG, pooled standard mean difference (SMD): -0.40 (95% CI: -0.58 to -0.21)], aspartate transaminase [AST, SMD: -0.29 (95% CI: -0.48 to -0.10)], HOMA-IR [SMD: -2.06 (95% CI: -3.36 to -0.49)] and waist circumference [Waist-C, SMD: -0.31 (95% CI: -0.54 to -0.08)] were significantly improved. But showed no significant benefits on alanine transaminase [ALT, SMD: -0.15 (95% CI: -0.45 to 0.15)], gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase [GGT, SMD: -0.07 (95% CI: -0.26 to 0.12)], body mass index [BMI, SMD: 0.16 (95% CI: -0.34 to 0.02)], high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL, SMD: 0.02 (95% CI: -0.18 to 0.22)], low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL, SMD: -0.01 (95% CI: -0.20 to 0.18)], Total Cholesterol [TC, SMD: -0.34 (95% CI: -0.70 to 0.01)] and so on.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The current evidence supports the fish oil supplementation in improving MASLD. Fish oil supplementation may also regulate blood lipids and improve glucose metabolism disorders.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/#myprospero, identifier CRD42024513246.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1524830"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11804523/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143381926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of dietary fiber on colorectal cancer patients based on machine learning.","authors":"Xinwei Ji, Lixin Wang, Pengbo Luan, Jingru Liang, Weicai Cheng","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1508562","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1508562","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the impact of enteral nutrition with dietary fiber on patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between January 2023 and August 2024, 164 CRC patients were randomly assigned to two groups at our hospital. The control group received standard nutritional intervention, while the observation group received enteral nutritional support containing dietary fiber. Both groups were subjected to intervention and continuously observed until the 14th postoperative day. An observational analysis assessed the impact of dietary fiber intake on postoperative nutritional status in CRC patients. The study compared infection stress index, inflammatory factors, nutritional status, intestinal function recovery, and complication incidence between groups. Additionally, four machine learning models-Logistic Regression (LR), Random Forest (RF), Neural Network (NN), and Support Vector Machine (SVM)-were developed based on nutritional and clinical indicators.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the observation group, levels of procalcitonin (PCT), beta-endorphin (<i>β</i>-EP), C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-<i>α</i>) were significantly lower compared to the control group (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Conversely, levels of albumin (ALB), hemoglobin (HB), transferrin (TRF), and prealbumin (PAB) in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Furthermore, LR, RF, NN, and SVM models can effectively predict the effects of dietary fiber on the immune function and inflammatory response of postoperative CRC patients, with the NN model performing the best. Through the screening of machine learning models, four key predictors for CRC patients were identified: PCT, PAB, ALB, and IL-1.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Postoperative dietary fiber administration in colorectal cancer enhances immune function, reduces disease-related inflammation, and inhibits tumor proliferation. Machine learning-based CRC prediction models hold clinical value.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1508562"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11802429/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143381984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time to dietary diversity of complementary feeding improvements and its associated factors among infants aged 6-12 months in Ethiopia: evidence from performance monitoring for action.","authors":"Feyisa Shasho Bayisa, Teshome Demis Nimani, Samuel Demissie Darcho, Abainash Tekola","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1451193","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1451193","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Infant and Young Child Feeding significantly affect the health, development, and nutritional status of children under 2 years old, ultimately affecting their survival. The aim of this study is to determine the time to improvement in dietary diversity and associated factors in infants aged 6 to 12 months.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study used secondary data from the PMA Ethiopia longitudinal panel survey, involving pregnant women from January to March 2024. The data management and analysis were performed using Stata version 17. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve (KM) and the log-rank test method were implemented. A Cox proportional-hazard regression model was used to explore the association between independent variables and the outcome variable. The strength of the association was indicated by the adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) with a 95% confidence interval. The threshold of <i>p</i> < 0.05 was applied to determine the significance of an association.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study found that the proportion of infants with improved dietary diversity aged 6-12 months was 22% (95% CI: 19.5, 25%). Factors associated with improved dietary diversity in infants aged 6 to 12 months were married women (AHR = 9.3, 95% CI = 1.19, 8.30), women with a secondary school (AHR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.05, 3.51), women with technical and vocational (AHR = 2.0, 95% CI = 1.01, 4.05) and women with a university degree (AHR = 2.9, 95% CI = 1.51, 5.38). Moreover, women in the highest wealth quintile (AHR = 3.5, 95% CI = 1.31, 9.41), women visiting PNC (AHR = 1.7, 95% CI = 1.13, 2.62), women visiting ANC 1-3, and more than four times were (AHR = 2.4, 95% CI = 1.51, 3.74) and (AHR = 3.6, 95% CI = 2.28, 5.67) times higher for improving dietary diversity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings of this study showed that the proportion of dietary diversity improvement was 22%. Which is relatively low. Marital status, educational status, wealth index, PNC, and ANC visits were identified as statistically significant factors associated with dietary diversity improvements. It suggests that public health interventions should focus on enhancing maternal knowledge and promoting regular healthcare visits to mitigate malnutrition and improve infant health outcomes in Ethiopia.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1451193"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11802367/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143381986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of different forms of apple products on all-cause mortality in patients with hypertension.","authors":"Chuang Sun, Yingying Chen, Yue Guan, Yiming Zeng, Jie Li, Liang Chen","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1461196","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1461196","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Apple consumption has a positive effect on human health. Some studies have shown that an appropriate amount of apple intake can reduce the incidence of hypertension. However, few studies have investigated whether eating different forms of apples has the same benefits as eating whole apples. This study is aimed to evaluate the effect of different forms of apple on all-cause mortality in patients with hypertension.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 2,368 patients with hypertension. All participants were followed up for at least 10 years. Cox regression model was constructed to analyze the correlation between apple, apple juice, and apple sauce consumption and all-cause mortality in patients with hypertension.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The consumption of apples 3-6 times/week was associated with a 48% reduction in the risk of all-cause mortality in patients with hypertension (HR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.37-0.72, <i>p</i> < 0.001). However, the consumption of apple juice (HR = 1.02, 95% CI: 0.67-1.56, <i>p</i> = 0.930) and sauce (HR = 1.28, 95% CI: 0.59-2.74, <i>p</i> = 0.531) tended to increase the risk of death in patients with hypertension, although this study did not obtain a statistically result.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Moderate consumption of whole apples is associated with a reduced risk of all-cause death in patients with hypertension, whereas apple juice and sauce may increase the risk of death.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"11 ","pages":"1461196"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11802416/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143381917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal trends, associated risk factors and longitudinal cardiovascular outcomes of body roundness among middle-aged and older Chinese adults: from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study 2011-2018.","authors":"Ying-Yuan Gan, Yun-Dan Luo, Lu Zhai, Rong-Rui Huo, Xia Dai, Qian Liao","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1515067","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1515067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Obesity is a major global health issue, driving high morbidity and mortality rates. The body roundness index (BRI), which includes waist circumference, offers a more accurate measure of visceral and total body fat. However, despite evidence of BRI's effectiveness in predicting obesity-related diseases, national-level data, especially from non-Western populations like China, remain limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study utilized data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), a large, nationally representative cohort of Chinese adults, to examine the temporal trends of BRI, identify associated risk factors, and investigate the longitudinal associations between BRI and cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes. BRI was calculated using height and waist circumference measurements. Temporal trends and risk factors were analyzed cross-sectionally, while longitudinal associations were examined using Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for confounders. Mediation analyses were conducted to assess the role of intermediate factors such as hypertension and diabetes in the relationship between BRI and CVD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 12,902 participants were included for risk factor analysis, 10,525 for longitudinal analysis, and 7,310 for cumulative analysis. BRI continued to rise slowly across survey cycles but was higher in women, older adults, and urban residents. Multivariable analysis identified age, alcohol consumption, elevated blood pressure, and diabetes as positive predictors of BRI, while male sex, rural residence, and smoking were negatively associated. Higher baseline BRI was significantly associated with increased CVD risk (HR: 1.44, 95% CI: 1.22-1.69), stroke (HR: 1.49, 95% CI: 1.12-1.98), and heart disease (HR: 1.47, 95% CI: 1.22-1.77). Cumulative BRI similarly predicted increased risks of CVD, stroke, and heart disease. Mediation analysis showed that hypertension accounted for 20.69% of the association between BRI and CVD risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>BRI is a robust predictor of CVD risk. Targeting hypertension and other metabolic conditions could mitigate the elevated CVD risk associated with high BRI in Chinese adults. These findings underscore the importance of incorporating BRI into public health strategies to better manage obesity-related health risks in China.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1515067"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11804525/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143381981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}