Frontiers in Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"The association between the C-reactive protein-to-albumin-to-lymphocyte index and retinopathy: insights from a population-based study.","authors":"Pingping Li, Fangyu Chen, Lu Li, Jianhua Wu","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1552020","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1552020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Retinopathy is a multifactorial disease influenced by metabolism, immunity, inflammation, and other factors. The C-reactive protein-albumin-lymphocyte (CALLY) index is a novel immunonutritional score that has shown promise in various health contexts. This study aims to investigate the association between the CALLY index and retinopathy risk, and to compare its predictive performance with other established inflammatory markers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 5,439 participants in the 2005-2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were utilized. Multivariable-weighted logistic regression was employed to assess the association between the CALLY index and retinopathy risk. Additionally, the predictive performance of the CALLY index was compared with other inflammatory markers. Mediation analysis was conducted to explore potential mediating factors in the association between the CALLY index and retinopathy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multivariable-weighted logistic regression revealed a significant inverse association between the CALLY index and retinopathy risk (OR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.94-0.98, <i>P</i> = 0.002). Participants in the highest CALLY index quartile exhibited a markedly lower risk of retinopathy (<i>P</i> < 0.001). The CALLY index demonstrated superior predictive performance compared to other inflammatory markers, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.672 (95% CI = 0.643-0.701). Mediation analysis indicated that high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels partially mediated the association between the CALLY index and retinopathy.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These findings highlight the CALLY index as a reliable, independent biomarker for retinopathy risk assessment, outperforming traditional inflammatory markers and oering potential clinical value for early identification of retinopathy in individuals with chronic diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1552020"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11948663/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143729071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Gluten-related disorders: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment.","authors":"Simone Baldi, Ángela Ruiz-Carnicer, Isabel Comino, Carolina Sousa, Amedeo Amedei","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1585381","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1585381","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1585381"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11966402/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143779653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Joint association of daily sitting time and sleep duration with constipation among the US population.","authors":"Yu-Jun Xiong, Hua-Zhao Xu, Xiang-Da Meng, Xing-Yun Zhu, Tian Lv, Jian-Fei Huang","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1548455","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1548455","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the independent and combined effects of prolonged daily sitting time and sleep duration on the risk of constipation, using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2010.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 6,894 participants were included in the analysis. Daily sitting time and sleep duration were self-reported and categorized as short (<7 h/day) or long (≥7 h/day). Constipation was defined based on stool consistency and frequency using the Bristol Stool Form Scale. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) for constipation. A restricted cubic spline analysis was applied to assess the dose-response relationships.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants with prolonged daily sitting time and short sleep duration showed a higher risk of constipation compared to those with long sleep duration and short sitting time. In multivariable-adjusted models, long sitting time was positively associated with an increased risk of constipation (OR = 1.424; 95% CI, 1.114-1.821), while long sleep duration was associated with a lower constipation risk (OR = 0.725; 95% CI, 0.553-0.952). The joint analysis revealed that the combination of short sleep duration and long sitting time was associated with the highest constipation prevalence (OR = 1.975; 95% CI, 1.378-2.833).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both prolonged sitting time and insufficient sleep were associated with an increased risk of constipation, especially when combined. These findings underscore the importance of adopting healthier sleep habits and reducing sedentary behavior to lower constipation risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1548455"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11948662/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143729634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single and mixed effects of seven heavy metals on stroke risk: 11,803 adults from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).","authors":"Xinyi Huang, Yueran Wu, Yan Lu","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1524099","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1524099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The accumulation of heavy metals in soil and plants poses risks to food safety. Human exposure to heavy metals has been linked to stroke risk, though research on this connection is limited and findings are inconsistent.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We estimated the associations of 7 blood metals [cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), selenium (Se), and zinc (Zn)] with the risk of stroke among 11,803 U.S. adults. Logistic regression account for the intricate sampling design and restricted cubic spline (RCS) was used to explore the associations between single heavy metal and stroke risk. The weighted quantile sum (WQS) and quantile g-computation (qgcomp) were employed to explore the joint effects of seven metals on stroke. Potential confounders were adjusted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After adjusting for the potential confounders, the logistic regression analysis showed the log-transformed Cd and Zn level was associated with stroke (All <i>p</i> < 0.05). After adjusting for the potential confounders, the logistic regression analysis showed the log-transformed Cd and Zn level was associated with stroke (All <i>p</i> < 0.05). WQS and qgcomp analyses consistently demonstrated a positive correlation between metals-mixed exposure and stroke risk, identifying Cd and Cu as key contributors to the outcomes, while Zn may serve as a protective factor.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings indicated that heavy metal exposure is associated with stroke risk, and the protective effect of Zn on stroke risk deserves further research to verify.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1524099"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11937853/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143718245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of C-reactive protein-albumin-lymphocyte index as a prognostic marker for the patients with undergoing gastric cancer surgery.","authors":"Makoto Toda, Hiroaki Musha, Takefumi Suzuki, Takashi Nomura, Fuyuhiko Motoi","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1556062","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1556062","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The significance of the C-reactive protein-albumin-lymphocyte index [CALLY index (CI)] as a prognostic factor in gastric cancer remains unexplored. Therefore, this study assessed the utility of the CI as a predictor of short-term postoperative outcomes and long-term prognosis after gastric cancer surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study consisted of two cohorts. Cohort 1 included 120 patients who underwent distal gastrectomy for clinical stages I-III primary gastric cancer between November 2022 and March 2024. Patients were categorized into high- and low-CI groups, and complications were classified accordingly. Propensity score matching was performed based on clinical stage, surgical approach, and lymph node dissection extent, yielding 40 matched cases. The relationship between preoperative CI and short-term postoperative outcomes was analyzed. Cohort 2 included 358 patients with pathological stages I-III gastric cancer who underwent distal gastrectomy between January 2014 and December 2017. Preoperative CI was assessed, and its association with long-term outcomes was evaluated. Prognostic factors were also analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In Cohort 1, the preoperative CI was associated with short-term postoperative outcomes. Compared with the high-CI group, the low-CI group developed significantly more complications, including postoperative pneumonia. In Cohort 2, the 5-year overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) differed significantly between the high and low CI groups. CI was an independent prognostic factor for OS and RFS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The CI reflects patients' overall systemic conditions and may be a valuable predictor of short-term outcomes and long-term prognosis following gastric cancer surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1556062"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11937851/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143718225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting carbohydrate quality in a global database of packaged foods.","authors":"Eric Antoine Scuccimarra, Alexandre Arnaud, Marie Tassy, Kim-Anne Lê, Fabio Mainardi","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1530846","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1530846","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Carbohydrates are the major contributor to the energy intake of worldwide population. There is established evidence of links of carbohydrate quality with human health. Knowledge of specific carbohydrate in packaged food, such as added and free sugars, could help further investigate this link, however this information is generally not available.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To develop an algorithm to predict the content of free sugars in a global database of packaged foods and beverages; and test the applicability of the algorithm to assess carbohydrate quality in packaged food products from different countries and monitor the evolution over time. Carbohydrate quality was defined using a 10:1|1:2 ratio for carbohydrate, fibers and free sugar, i.e., for every 10 g of total carbohydrates in a diet or product, there is at least 1 g of dietary fibers, and less than 2 g of free sugars for every 1 g of dietary fibers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used a machine learning approach to predict added and free sugars, which enabled us to predict the carbohydrate quality of products from a global database of packaged food. Our predictions were tested by splitting the dataset into training, validation, and test sets, using US data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We were able to predict free sugars and carbohydrate quality for 424,543 products in the U.S. and in 14 countries. The overall mean absolute error on the test set was 0.96 g/100 g of product. The predictions generalized with a high accuracy to non-US countries, and we were able to effectively predict the proportion of products meeting the 10:1|1:2 criteria in the food supply of 15 countries.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our methodology achieved high accuracy and is fully automated; it may be applied to other databases of packaged products and can be easily applied for continuous monitoring of the carbohydrate quality of the global supply of packaged food.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1530846"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11936779/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143718232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between nutritional status and pneumonia in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage.","authors":"Xiaoyan Zhang, Lele Kang, Pianpian Du, Dongjuan Xu, Hongfei Li, Zhuangzhuang Jiang","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1547655","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1547655","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) is a common and serious complication in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (SICH), contributing to prolonged hospital stays and poor outcomes. Nutritional status has been linked to the development of SAP in patients with ischemic stroke, but its role in SICH patients remains understudied. This study aims to evaluate the predictive value of the Nutritional Risk Screening-2002 (NRS-2002) score for SAP in SICH patients and to compare it with other nutritional assessment tools.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective observational study included 404 consecutive SICH patients admitted to Dongyang People's Hospital from January 2023 to May 2024. Nutritional risk was assessed using the NRS-2002 score upon admission, and SAP was diagnosed within the first 7 days of hospitalization. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses identified risk factors for SAP, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to compare the predictive accuracy of the NRS-2002, Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score, and Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) for SAP.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 404 patients, 97 developed SAP. A higher NRS-2002 score was significantly associated with an increased risk of SAP (OR: 1.575, 95% CI: 1.134-2.186, <i>p</i> = 0.007). ROC analysis showed that the NRS-2002 score (AUC: 0.768, 95% CI: 0.716-0.820) outperformed the CONUT (AUC: 0.597, 95% CI: 0.530-0.663) and PNI (AUC: 0.588, 95% CI: 0.519-0.657) in predicting SAP (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Subgroup analysis revealed that the NRS-2002 score ≥ 3 was particularly predictive of SAP in patients with weight loss, severe stroke, and those without hypertension or with diabetes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The NRS-2002 score is a valuable predictor of pneumonia in SICH patients, with higher scores correlating with a significantly increased risk of SAP. This highlights the importance of early nutritional assessment in identifying high-risk patients and potentially guiding clinical interventions to reduce SAP incidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1547655"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11936809/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143718402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of dietary patterns and nutritional supplementation in the management of endometriosis: a review.","authors":"Liyuan Zhou, Boya Liu, Xian Jian, Lili Jiang, Kuiran Liu","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1539665","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1539665","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent chronic inflammatory disease which causes dysmenorrhea, chronic pelvic pain, and infertility in women of childbearing age, significantly impacting their quality of life and physical and mental health. The etiology of endometriosis remains unclear, with oxidative stress and inflammation currently thought to play pivotal roles in its pathophysiology. Epidemiological studies and clinical trials indicate that varying dietary patterns and specific nutrient supplementation can influence oxidative stress markers and levels of inflammatory factors and related pathways, potentially impacting the progression of endometriosis. In this review, we summarize the roles of oxidative stress and inflammation in endometriosis and thoroughly examine the current understanding of the effect of dietary patterns and nutrient supplementation in treating endometriosis. This study suggests that nutrients may prevent the occurrence of endometriosis by modulating levels of inflammatory factors, regulating angiogenesis, and influencing the metabolism of estrogen pathways. The findings might provide new insights into the treatment of endometriosis patients and the potential benefits of dietary patterns and nutrient supplementation in patients with endometriosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1539665"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11937854/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143718152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of <i>Lacticaseibacillus paracasei</i> K56 on perceived stress among pregraduate students: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.","authors":"Yiran Guan, Ruixin Zhu, Wen Zhao, Langrun Wang, Li You, Zhaozhong Zeng, Qiuyue Jiang, Zeyang Zhu, Jiayu Gou, Qi Zhang, Jie Guo, Keji Li, Liang Zhao, Yixuan Li, Pengjie Wang, Bing Fang, Weilian Hung, Jian He, Liwei Zhang, Ran Wang, Jingjing He","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1544713","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1544713","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Globally, master's and doctoral students, especially pregraduate students, are under great pressure. Probiotics are emerging as a promising intervention to improve mental health via gut-brain axis.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to explore the impact of <i>Lacticaseibacillus paracasei</i> K56 supplementation on perceived stress among pregraduate students.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in 120 healthy master's and doctoral students who faced graduation. Participants were randomly assigned to either probiotics (containing <i>Lacticaseibacillus paracasei</i> K56 6 × 10¹⁰ CFU / d) or placebo group for 2 weeks intervention. The main outcome was perceived stress assessed using Cohen's Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10). The secondary outcomes were stress, depression, and anxiety assessed by Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS), gastrointestinal symptoms, and sleep evaluated by corresponding scales. These outcomes were assessed at baseline, 1, and 2 weeks. Pre- and post-treatment serum biomarkers, gut microbiota composition and metabolites were also detected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no difference in changes of PSS-10 scores from baseline to 2 weeks between the K56 groups and the placebo [mean (standard error): -1.68 (0.48) vs. -0.39 (0.46), <i>p</i> = 0.055]. Furthermore, the K56 group exhibited superior reductions in both stress [-2.15 (0.38) vs. -0.96 (0.49), <i>p</i> = 0.035] and anxiety symptoms [-1.54 (0.32) vs. 0.53 (0.43), <i>p</i> = 0.003] via DASS compared with the placebo group. Additionally, those receiving K56 also experienced improved sleep quality (<i>p</i> = 0.010) and elevated levels of serotonin (5-HT) (<i>p</i> = 0.038) compare to placebo group. Moreover, taking probiotics K56 could modulate the pressure-induced changes in gut microbiota composition, particularly by increasing the beneficial bacteria (<i>Lacticaseibacillus</i> and <i>Lacticaseibacillus paracasei</i>), while suppressing suspected pathogenic bacteria (<i>Shieglla</i> and <i>Escherichia_coli</i>). Metabolomic analysis revealed an increased in metabolites, especially butyric acid in the K56 group (<i>p</i> = 0.035). Notably, there was a significant negative correlation between relative abundance of <i>lactobacillus</i> and stress-related symptoms, whereas butyric acid showed a significant positive correlation with <i>lactobacillus</i> abundance level.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study suggested the potential benefits of K56 supplementation in alleviating stress and significant effect in reducing anxiety and insomnia among master's and doctoral students, which may be attributed to K56-induced changes in microbial composition and butanoate metabolism.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>Chictr.org.cn, identifier ChiCTR2300078447.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1544713"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11936786/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143718154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of plasma zinc and copper levels with mild cognitive impairment in patients with type 2 diabetes.","authors":"Yang Jiao, Xing Zhang, Lian Duan, Ruijie Cheng, Ning Yang, Zhao Peng, Ben Li, Lu Xu, Wenwen Chen, Jingrong Chen, Yanchao Liu, Hong Yan","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1532080","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1532080","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a significant risk factor for cognitive impairment. Zinc deficiency contributes to T2DM development, while copper may exacerbate diabetes through prooxidant mechanisms. Higher zinc levels may protect against copper toxicity. This study investigates the association of plasma zinc and copper levels with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in T2DM patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>T2DM patients admitted to Tongji Hospital from 2012 to 2018 were classified into MCI (<i>n</i> = 136) and control (<i>n</i> = 136) groups, matched by age (± 3 years) and gender. Conditional logistic regression was used to assess the associations between plasma zinc, copper levels and MCI. A generalized additive model (GAM) evaluated the dose-response relationship between plasma zinc, copper levels and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median of plasma metal levels in MCI and control groups were 831.31 μg/L and 936.29 μg/L for zinc, 932.07 μg/L and 860.47 μg/L for copper, and 0.91 and 1.11 for the zinc-to-copper (Zn/Cu) ratio. Compared to participants in the lowest tertile, the multivariable-adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for MCI in the highest tertile were 0.33 (0.13, 0.79) for zinc, 3.56 (1.42, 8.94) for copper, and 0.37 (0.15, 0.93) for the Zn/Cu ratio. Plasma Aβ40 levels were significantly lower (<i>p</i> = 0.009) and plasma Aβ42/40 levels were significantly higher (<i>p</i> = 0.008) in MCI group compared with those in control group. Zinc concentration was positively associated with Aβ42. For per SD (327.71 μg/L) increase in plasma zinc levels, the percent change (95% CI) of Aβ42 were 2.90 (0.85, 4.99).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Higher plasma zinc levels and higher Zn/Cu ratio were associated with lower odds of MCI in T2DM patients, while higher copper levels increased the risk of MCI. This study provides insights on plasma zinc, copper, and Zn/Cu ratio and Aβ of MCI, further studies are needed to clarify the underlying mechanisms for novel therapies that could prevent or cure multiple T2DM-related cognitive impairments.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1532080"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11936807/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143718125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}