Frontiers in Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Creatinine-to-cystatin C ratio and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in U.S. adults with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a nationwide cohort study.","authors":"Yuanyuan Chen, Bing Yang, Huihui Chen, Jun Chen, Jinmin Cao, Huijie Wang, Chuantie Chen","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1587757","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1587757","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The creatinine-to-cystatin C ratio (CCR) is an emerging marker of muscle mass, which influences the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the relationship between CCR and long-term all-cause and cardiovascular mortality remains unclear in the US NAFLD population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This nationally representative study analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2004, with mortality follow-up through December 31, 2019 via linkage to the National Death Index (NDI). NAFLD was determined using the Fatty Liver Index (FLI), while CCR was calculated as serum creatinine to cystatin C ratio. We employed multivariable Cox proportional hazards models to assess associations between CCR and mortality risk, expressed as hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The analytical approach included Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, restricted cubic spline regression for non-linear relationship assessment, and comprehensive subgroup and sensitivity analyses to evaluate result robustness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study included 3,897 participants with NAFLD (53.34% male, mean age 48.98 years), with 1,174 all-cause deaths and 333 cardiovascular deaths over a median follow-up of 206 months. CCR demonstrated significant inverse associations with both all-cause mortality (adjusted HR 0.83; 95% CI 0.78-0.88; <i>p</i> < 0.001) and cardiovascular mortality (adjusted HR 0.80; 95% CI 0.73-0.87; <i>p</i> < 0.001). In tertile analyses, higher CCR groups showed progressively lower risks, in Model 3(fully adjusted model): all-cause mortality: T2 = 0.65 (0.53, 0.79), T3 = 0.43 (0.32, 0.60), <i>P</i> for trend<0.001; cardiovascular mortality: T2 = 0.67 (0.50, 0.89), T3 = 0.34 (0.21, 0.53); <i>P</i> for trend<0.001. Restricted cubic spline analysis revealed an L-shaped association between CCR and all-cause mortality (turning point: 11.06), with each unit increase below 11.06 associated with a 36% risk reduction (HR 0.64; 95% CI 0.53-0.77; <i>p</i> < 0.001). In contrast, a linear relationship was observed for cardiovascular mortality (<i>P</i> for non-linearity = 0.972). Kaplan-Meier analysis confirmed superior survival rates in the highest CCR tertile for both endpoints (log-rank <i>p</i> < 0.001), with subgroup and sensitivity analyses affirming the robustness of these results.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this study of US adults with NAFLD, we identified a significant inverse association between CCR levels and risks of both all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. The stability of this association was confirmed through subgroup and sensitivity analyses, suggesting that CCR may play an important role in long-term prognosis among NAFLD patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1587757"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12172250/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144316401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: The intersection of genes, nutrition and disease: a nutritional perspective from Mendelian randomization to disease pathogenic mechanisms.","authors":"Chaoyan Yue","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1631608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1631608","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1631608"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12171826/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144316404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of diet-related stroke disease burden in China from 1990 to 2021 and projections for 2025-2044.","authors":"Zhe Wang, Wenjuan Pei, Meili Gou, Chen Gao","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1571916","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1571916","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyze the burden of diet-related stroke diseases in China from 1990 to 2021 and to predict its trends in the next 20 years.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Extract data from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease Database and analyze the burden of diet-related stroke d isease in China from 1990 to 2021. And using a time series model to predict the burden of diet related stroke disease in the next 20 years.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2021, the crude mortality rate of diet related stroke in China was 30.70/100,000, and the crude Disability Adjusted of Life Years (DALY) rate was 729.10/100,000. The standardized mortality rate of 21.59/100,000 and the standardized DALY rate of 485.83/100,000 in 2021 have decreased by 54.48 and 55.05%, respectively compared to 1990, but are higher than the levels of high Socio-demographic Index (SDI) regions worldwide. In 2021, the male attributable mortality rate and DALY rate were higher than those of females (39.39/100,000 vs. 21.59/100,000, 942.76/100,000 vs. 505.15/100,000), and the male and female attributable disease burden indicators showed a downward trend over time. In 2021, the mortality rate and DALY rate of diet related stroke were positively correlated with age. Compared to other types of stroke, ischemic stroke has the highest disease burden, and high salt still ranks first among various unhealthy dietary risk factors. Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model predicts that the burden of diet related stroke disease will significantly decrease in the next 20 years.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>From 1990 to 2021, the burden of diet-related stroke diseases in China has shown a downward trend, and the disease burden problem is more prominent in the older adult population and men. A series of effective measures should be taken to strengthen the healthy diet of key populations. In the next 20 years, the burden of diet-related stroke diseases will significantly decrease.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1571916"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12168467/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144309743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coconut oil derived medium-chain triglycerides ameliorated memory deficits via promoting neurite outgrowth and maintaining gut homeostasis in 5×FAD mice.","authors":"Ruiye Chen, Rui Li, Jiahui Jiang, Longjian Zhou, Shuai Zhao, Yi Zhang, Qiuyu Xia, Zhiyou Yang","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1585640","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1585640","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder characterized by neurite atrophy, neuronal loss, and memory impairment. Medium-chain triglycerides (MCT), a type of fatty acid predominantly found in coconut oil, have been shown to improve metabolic syndrome as well as cognitive performance via ketone production in humans. Here, we investigated the protective effects of MCT on neurite atrophy and memory deficits in 5×FAD mice and elucidated the underlying mechanisms. First, virgin coconut oil (VCO), refined, bleached, and deodorized coconut oil (RBDCO), and MCT were orally administered to 6-8 months old 5×FAD mice for 9 consecutive weeks, the effects on cognition were then evaluated. MCT demonstrated superior effects compared to RBDCO and VCO in reducing Aβ levels, inhibiting hyperactivated microglia and astroglia, protecting neurons, and mitigating memory decline. Further, metagenomic analysis and RT-qPCR results revealed that MCT intervention increased the relative abundance of <i>Akkermansia</i>, reduced intestinal permeability, and elevated the concentration of short-chain fatty acids in the brain. Additionally, MCT treatment significantly protected primary cortical neurons against Aβ25-35-induced apoptosis and promoted neurite regeneration. Transcriptome and RT-qPCR data suggested that <i>Ucp1</i> and Flor1 may be potential targets through which MCT exerts its neuroprotective effects. Our findings suggest that MCT may help prevent the progression of AD by promoting neurite outgrowth and maintaining gut homeostasis in 5×FAD mice, offering a theoretical foundation for the development of dietary therapies for AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1585640"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12171442/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144316399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coffee and tea consumption and cardiovascular disease and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in individuals with diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of prospective observational studies.","authors":"Li Ding, Hai-Peng Wang, Jun-Yu Zhao, Xin Zhao, Yu Sha, Li-Qiang Qin, Khemayanto Hidayat","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1570644","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1570644","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM) are more likely to develop cardiovascular disease (CVD) and die prematurely than those without this condition. Coffee or tea consumption has been linked with lower risks of developing CVD and premature death in general populations. A meta-analysis of published prospective observational studies was performed to provide up-to-date evidence on the association between tea or coffee consumption and the risks of CVD and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in individuals with DM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Embase databases were searched. A Random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with the lowest consumption category, the highest coffee consumption was associated with lower risks of all-cause mortality (HR 0.82, 95%CI 0.73, 0.91; <i>n</i> = 9), coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality (HR = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.51, 0.85; <i>n</i> = 3), CVD incidence (HR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.75, 0.97; <i>n</i> = 2), and CHD incidence (HR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.68, 0.99; <i>n</i> = 3). Similarly, the highest tea consumption was associated with lower risks of all-cause mortality (HR = 0.85, 95%CI: 0.79, 0.92; <i>n</i> = 6) and CVD mortality (HR = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.80, 0.93; <i>n</i> = 5). Linear associations were observed between coffee consumption and the risks of CVD mortality, CHD mortality, CVD incidence, and CHD incidence, as well as between tea consumption and the risk of CVD mortality. Nonlinear associations were found between coffee or tea consumption with the risk of all-cause mortality, with the greatest risk reduction observed at one to four cups of coffee per day or up to two cups of tea per day. The certainty of the evidence was mostly graded as moderate for coffee consumption (except for cancer mortality and stroke incidence, which were graded as low) and low for tea consumption (except for CVD mortality, which was graded as moderate).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Daily coffee or tea consumption may be associated with lower risks of CVD and death, particularly from CVD, among individuals with DM. However, However, due to the observational design, methodological limitations, and low to moderate certainty, these findings should be interpreted cautiously.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1570644"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12168468/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144309745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the healthfulness of pre-packaged beverages and investigating sugar thresholds for revising front-of-pack labels: a case study in Thailand.","authors":"Hung Nguyen Ngoc, Mayuree Ditmetharoj, Nipa Rojroongwasinkul, Pattanee Winichagoon, Wantanee Kriengsinyos","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1564216","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1564216","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Thailand's implementation of the \"Healthier Choice\" logo (THCL) as a front-of-pack nutritional labeling (FOPNL) scheme aims to promote healthier consumer food choices. In response, the beverage industry has increasingly replaced nutritive sweeteners (NS) with non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS) in their products. This study evaluates the energy and sugar content, sweetener usage, and overall healthfulness of pre-packaged beverages in Thai supermarkets, while also assessing their compliance with WHO \"free sugar\" consumption guidelines and exploring appropriate sugar thresholds for revising the THCL criteria. A cross-sectional audit was conducted in a major Bangkok supermarket between March and April 2022, collecting data on 881 pre-packaged beverages. To ensure a comprehensive evaluation, these beverages were further categorized based on product ingredients, THCL status, and sweetener type. Healthfulness was assessed using three validated nutrient profiling systems (NPS), and sugar threshold scenarios were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic analysis and area under the curve metrics. The median energy and sugar content per 100 ml were 37.9 kcal (21.9-52.2) and 5.00 g (2.0-7.8), respectively. Overall, pre-packaged beverages in Thai supermarkets were predominantly classified as \"less healthy,\" with 40.1% containing at least one NNS. Products carrying the THCL logo (27.7%) had lower energy and sugar content, indicating a \"healthier\" profile. However, these beverages also exhibited a higher prevalence of NNS compared to unlabeled products. Regardless of beverage type, consuming a typical bottle containing NS or a combination of NS and NNS in a single sitting often exceeded the WHO's recommended daily limit of 5% of total energy intake from free sugars. Thus, the study also proposes a phased approach to sugar reduction, initially lowering the sugar threshold to 5.0 g/100 ml, followed by a further reduction to 4.0 g/100 ml. In conclusion, the study underscores the widespread use of NNS in Thai pre-packaged beverages and identifies an overall \"less healthy\" nutritional profile across product categories. Reducing sugar content and implementing incremental sugar benchmarks in the THCL scheme are essential steps toward improving the healthfulness of pre-packaged beverages in Thailand and aligning these products more closely with WHO guidelines on sugar consumption.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1564216"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12168469/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144309744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypoglycemic effect of peony flowers polyphenols based on gut microbiota and metabolomics.","authors":"Ling Chen, Xuefang Wang, Erjuan Ning, Lipan Zhang, Feifei Li, Lupeng Wang, Jie Zhu, Huanan Zhang, Tao Wang, Yanni Ma, Wei Wang, Xiao Li","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1573865","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1573865","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), remains a significant global public health concern. Peony has a long history of consumption and medicinal in China, and is rich in polyphenols, flavonoids, polysaccharides, and other components. However, the hypoglycemic activity and underlying mechanism of action of peony flowers polyphenols (PP) remain nebulous. Therefore, we investigate the hypoglycemic effect and mechanism of action of PP on T2DM mice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PP was extracted and isolated from peony flowers (<i>Paeonia ostii</i> \"Fengdan\"), the total polyphenol content (TPC) in PP was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method and the contents of 17 components in PP were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. The high-fat diet (HFD) combined with streptozotocin (STZ) was used to establish T2DM mouse model, and the hypoglycemic effect and mechanism of PP based on gut microbiota and metabolomics were investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The TPC in PP was 81.13 ± 2.89%. The results showed that after 8 weeks of intragastric administration, PP significantly reduced the fasting blood glucose (FBG) (<i>P</i> < 0.05), serum insulin level (<i>P</i> < 0.05), and insulin resistance index (<i>P</i> < 0.05), improved impaired glucose tolerance, regulated serum liver and kidney function related indicators, significantly increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) levels (<i>P</i> < 0.05), significantly decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) level (<i>P</i> < 0.05) in the liver, and increased the contents of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the gut of T2DM mice. The results of <i>16S rRNA</i> sequencing showed that PP could alter the gut microbiota of T2DM mice, increase the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroidota, while decrease the relative abundance of Proteobacteria. Non-targeted metabolomics results showed that the high-dose group of PP (PPH) can reverse the metabolic disorders of metabolite markers induced by T2DM <i>in vivo</i>.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Consequently, PP may play a hypoglycemic role by regulating intestinal flora and amino acid metabolism pathway. The research establishes a foundation for using PP as a functional food to prevent or alleviate type 2 diabetes mellitus.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1573865"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12168364/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144309746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Catechin inhibits ox-LDL-induced ferroptosis in vascular smooth muscle cells to alleviate and stabilize atherosclerosis.","authors":"Minghua Guo, Lingli Xie, Huanhuan Yuan, Duan-Fang Liao, Xi-Long Zheng","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1594708","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1594708","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic, progressive vascular disease marked by lipid deposition in the arterial intima, vascular wall thickening, luminal narrowing, and compromised blood flow. Although macrophage-derived foam cells are well-studied, vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) also substantially contribute to AS, particularly when they transition into foam cells under oxidative stress. Accumulating evidence suggests that ferroptosis-an iron-dependent, regulated cell death mechanism characterized by lipid peroxidation-exacerbates AS pathology through oxidative damage and vascular dysfunction. Catechin, a potent antioxidant abundant in green tea, has demonstrated efficacy in reducing oxidative stress; however, its role in suppressing VSMC ferroptosis induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) remains unclear. Here, we evaluated catechin's capacity to protect VSMCs against ox-LDL-induced ferroptosis, focusing on its modulation of the Nrf2/SLC7A11/GPX4 axis. Mouse vascular smooth muscle (MOVAS) cells were incubated with ox-LDL to induce foam cell formation and ferroptosis. We assessed intracellular iron, lipid peroxidation, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and antioxidant defenses and examined mitochondrial ultrastructure via transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Ferroptosis-related proteins were measured by Western blot, immunofluorescence, and qPCR. <i>In vivo</i>, ApoE^-/- mice on a high-fat diet (HFD) underwent partial carotid ligation with local catechin administration to investigate plaque formation and ferroptosis in arterial tissue. Our results show that catechin reduced intracellular Fe²⁺, decreased ROS and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and preserved mitochondrial integrity in ox-LDL-exposed MOVAS cells. Catechin also enhanced GSH and SOD levels and restored GPX4, SLC7A11, and Nrf2 expression, thereby reducing foam cell formation. In ApoE-/- mice, catechin reduced plaque size, mitigated lipid deposition, and upregulated GPX4, SLC7A11, and Nrf2 in the arterial wall. Collectively, these findings confirm that catechin prevents ox-LDL-induced ferroptosis in VSMCs by activating the Nrf2/SLC7A11/GPX4 pathway, highlighting its potential therapeutic value for atherosclerosis. This study provides additional evidence for the role of dietary polyphenols in regulating ferroptosis within VSMCs.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1594708"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12171153/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144316397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender differences in eating disorders.","authors":"Elena Ilaria Capuano, Angela Ruocco, Beatrice Scazzocchio, Giulia Zanchi, Camilla Lombardo, Annalisa Silenzi, Elena Ortona, Rosaria Varì","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1583672","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1583672","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Eating disorders (EDs) are characterized by disturbances in eating behavior and occur worldwide, with a lifetime prevalence of 2 to 5%. Their etiology is complex and multifactorial, involving a complex interplay between genetic, biological, psychological, sociocultural, and environmental factors. They are more common among females than males and may be associated with medical and psychiatric complications, impaired functioning, and decreased quality of life. This narrative review aims at providing an updated contribution to the current understanding of gender differences in eating disorders (EDs) focusing on male population to foster more targeted and effective clinical interventions. A comprehensive review of the scientific literature was conducted by analyzing several major databases, including PubMed, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar. Only in recent years, there has been increased attention on the male population, revealing multiple differences between genders in terms of prevalence, onset, phenomenology, diagnosis, comorbidities, and outcomes of EDs. Moreover, the relationship between different sexual orientations and/or gender identities and EDs is an emerging field of study. Data suggest an increase in eating disorders (EDs) also among the male population underlines the importance that healthcare personnel of all specialties acquire basic competencies for adequately tackling these disorders in a gender perspective. In particular, prevention and early intervention, especially during critical developmental periods like puberty and adolescence, are crucial to avoid permanent damage. Future research and public health initiatives involving schools and families and targeting males should be addressed to promote a healthy relationship with food and body image, reduce stigma, and encourage people to seek help when needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1583672"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12171451/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144316405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Women's educational attainment, full-time farming, and household dietary quality in rural China.","authors":"Rong Li, Linxiang Ye, Jingwei Han","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1560455","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1560455","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diet serves as the primary source of nutrition, and dietary quality determines individuals' nutritional status. Poor dietary quality may result in malnutrition such as undernutrition and overnutrition. This study examines the association between women's educational attainment and rural household dietary quality and the heterogeneity in this association when accounting for the employment status of male and female household heads. We use dietary intake data for 2,069 households from the first round of China Rural Revitalization Survey (2020) and conceptualize dietary quality using the Diet Balance Index (DBI). Multiple linear regression indicates that a one-standard-deviation increase in women's years of education reduces dietary imbalance by 3.65%, overconsumption by 6.51%, and underconsumption by 2.09%. Specifically, higher education attainment is associated with less inadequate consumption of milk and fish and more balanced meat intake in rural households. Heterogeneity analysis shows that the positive effect of women's education on dietary quality is stronger when women engage in on-farm employment, while it is more pronounced in households where men are employed in off-farm work. The findings of this research provide theoretical support for improving the nutritional status of rural residents in China and other developing regions by allocating more educational resources and enhancing access to education for rural women.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1560455"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12171427/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144316422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}