Frontiers in Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Association of inflammation and nutrition status with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in individuals with osteoarthritis: NHANES, 1999-2018.","authors":"Qifang Guo, Yijia Shao, Fei Wang, Wei Zhou, Xinwang Duan","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1464414","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1464414","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent form of arthritis worldwide. Inflammation and nutrition status play crucial roles in the development and progression of OA. The advanced lung cancer inflammation index (ALI) serves as a composite indicator for evaluating inflammation and nutritional status, while the systemic immune inflammation index (SII) is a novel marker for assessing immune-related inflammation. The study aimed to investigate the associations of the ALI and SII with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among US adults with OA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 2,602 individuals aged 20 years and above with OA were included in the study from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning from 1999 to 2018. Participants were categorized into higher or lower ALI and SII groups using cut-off values determined by the maximally selected rank statistics method. The Kaplan-Meier analysis, Cox proportional hazards models, and Fine Gray competing risk regression models were employed to assess the associations between the ALI/SII and mortality in OA patients. Additionally, stratified and subgroup analyses were conducted to enhance the robustness of the findings. Furthermore, time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to evaluate the predictive capacity of ALI and SII for mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher SII levels were associated with a 2-fold increase in the risk of all-cause mortality (HR: 2.00, 95% CI: 1.59-2.52, <i>p</i> < 0.001), whereas individuals with higher ALI in the OA group exhibited a significantly reduced risk of all-cause mortality (HR: 0.49, 95% CI: 0.39-0.60, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Notably, in Model 3, individuals with higher ALI demonstrated a substantially lower risk of cardiovascular mortality (HR: 0.60, 95% CI: 0.44-0.82, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Conversely, in fully adjusted models, those with higher SII experienced a significantly higher risk (HR: 1.83, 95% CI: 1.29-2.60, <i>p</i> < 0.001). The RCS analysis revealed a J-shaped non-linear relationship between SII levels and all-cause mortality (<i>p</i> overall < 0.001; <i>p</i> non-linear < 0.001), and an L-shaped non-linear association between ALI levels and all-cause mortality (<i>p</i> overall < 0.001; <i>p</i> non-linear = 0.002). The time-dependent ROC curves illustrated that ALI and SII displayed a reasonably good and consistent predictive performance for both short- and long-term mortality in OA patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Lower ALI and higher SII values were correlated with increased risks of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among US adults with OA.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"11 ","pages":"1464414"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11617147/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142784808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between dietary carotenoids intake and fecal incontinence in American adults: evidence from NAHNES 2005-2010.","authors":"Zhigang Li, Zan Wen, Jiaqing Cao, Fei Cheng","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1486741","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1486741","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Object: </strong>Carotenoids represent a class of bioactive compounds with potential implications for gut health. However, the relationship between dietary carotenoid intake (DCI) and fecal incontinence (FI) remains unclear. This study aims to elucidate the association between DCI and the risk of FI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants aged 20 and above from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2005-2010) were included in the study. Data on FI were derived from the bowel health questionnaire, while DCI information was obtained from dietary interviews. Survey-weighted logistic regression analysis and restricted cubic splines (RCS) were employed to evaluate the relationship between DCI, its subtypes, and FI. Weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression was utilized to assess the overall effect of DCI and its predominant subtypes. Finally, subgroup analyses were conducted.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>The study included a total of 11,915 participants, of whom 1,023 (7.0%) experienced FI. Logistic regression analysis revealed that, after adjusting for all covariates, there was a significant inverse association between DCI and the risk of FI (Model 2: Q4 vs. Q1, OR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.52-0.86, <i>p</i> = 0.003). However, among the DCI subtypes, only <i>β</i>-carotene was found to have a significant inverse relationship with FI (Model 2: Q4 vs. Q1, OR = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.52-0.88, <i>p</i> = 0.005). The RCS curves indicated no non-linear relationship between DCI, its subtypes, and FI (all <i>p</i>-non-linear >0.05). WQS analysis identified <i>β</i>-carotene (weight 38.2%) and lutein/zeaxanthin (weight 27.8%) as the primary contributors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>High levels of carotenoid intake, particularly <i>β</i>-carotene and lutein/zeaxanthin, are associated with a reduced risk of fecal incontinence. This discovery provides dietary recommendations for patients suffering from FI.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"11 ","pages":"1486741"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11616493/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142779722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum creatinine- and cystatin C-based indices are associated with the risk of subsequent sarcopenia: evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.","authors":"Xin Ning, Chao Xie, Yaozhong Kong","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1471068","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1471068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Serum creatinine (Cr)- and cystatin C (CysC)-based indices have been suggested as alternative markers for sarcopenia, but their predictive value for sarcopenia risk is uncertain, which was investigated in the present study in the Chinese population with the middle and older ages.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were collected in the 2011 and 2015 waves. All participants were free of sarcopenia at the baseline. Sarcopenia was diagnosed when low muscle mass and grip strength or low physical performance were present. Four indices were computed: predictive skeletal muscle mass index (pSMI), total-body muscle mass (TBMM), creatinine-to-cystatin C ratio (CCR), and sarcopenia index (SI). Restricted cubic splines and logistic regression models were used to assess the effects of these indices on sarcopenia risk.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 4,527 participants without sarcopenia at the baseline (2011), the median age was 58 year-old (IQR: 52-65), with 52.7% women. Followed up in year 2015, the incidence of sarcopenia was 20.8 per 1,000 person-years (376/4,527). Neither CCR nor SI showed linear or non-linear associations with the risk of subsequent sarcopenia. However, a decrease in pSMI and TBMM was significantly associated with an increased risk of sarcopenia [adjusted per-SD decrease OR, 2.93; 95% CI, 2.09-4.13, <i>p</i> < 0.001; adjusted per-SD decrease OR: 2.38, 95% CI: 1.80-3.16, <i>p</i> < 0.001, respectively].</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In the middle and older age of Chinese population, decreased pSMI and TBMM were associated with an increased risk of subsequent sarcopenia, whereas CCR and SI showed no such correlation. Thus, pSMI and TBMM may serve as potential biological indicators for predicting the risk of sarcopenia, and decreased pSMI and TBMM may be the early biomarkers for diagnosis and intervention of sarcopenia.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"11 ","pages":"1471068"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11614666/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142779766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between branched-chain amino acid levels and gastric cancer risk: large-scale prospective cohort study.","authors":"Liang Yu, Shiming Bao, Feng Zhu, Yanyan Xu, Yanwei Liu, Runben Jiang, Chuang Yang, Feng Cao, Wei Chen, Pengtao Li","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1479800","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1479800","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gastric cancer (GC) remains a malignancy with high incidence and mortality rates worldwide. Although branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) play a crucial role in various physiological and pathological processes, their specific relationship with risk of GC remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a large-scale prospective cohort from UK Biobank database. We evaluated the relationship between BCAA levels and risk of GC using Cox regression, Kaplan-Meier survival curves, the accelerated failure time (AFT) model, and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the follow-up of 12 years, 247,753 participants were included in the study. And the Cox regression analysis revealed that higher levels of isoleucine (HR = 0.65, 95% CI 0.48-0.89; <i>p</i> = 0.007), leucine (HR = 0.57, 95% CI 0.42-0.79; <i>p</i> < 0.001), valine (HR = 0.53, 95% CI 0.39-0.73; <i>p</i> < 0.001), and total BCAAs were associated with a reduced risk of GC (HR = 0.51, 95% CI 0.37-0.70; <i>p</i> < 0.001). Kaplan-Meier curves and the AFT model confirmed that elevated BCAA levels significantly delayed the onset of GC. Additionally, RCS analysis identified nonlinear dose-response relationships between BCAAs and risk of GC. Stratified analyses indicated that the protective effect of BCAAs was consistent across various subgroups, with a more pronounced impact in older individuals without chronic diseases.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Elevated BCAA levels are significantly associated with a reduced risk of GC, particularly in older adults. This finding highlights the potential of BCAAs in GC prevention and suggests that future research and clinical practice should emphasize regulating BCAA levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"11 ","pages":"1479800"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11614650/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142779704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aerobic exercise attenuates insulin resistance via restoring branched chain amino acids homeostasis in obese mice.","authors":"Wei Cao, Yajin Liu, Hao Wei, Yunfeng Dong, Haipeng Sun, Xuejiao Zhang, Junqiang Qiu","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1451429","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1451429","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Emerging evidences suggests that the disrupted branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) homeostasis and elevated BCAAs promote obesity-related insulin resistance (IR). Exercise improves insulin sensitivity. However, whether BCAAs plays a role in the exercise-attenuated IR remains to be fully investigated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, male C57BL/6J mice were induced to become diet-induced obese (DIO) and served as subjects. The initial investigation focused on the impact of exercise on IR and BCAAs. The DIO mice were randomly assigned to either a sedentary group (CON, <i>n</i> = 16) or an exercise group (EX, <i>n</i> = 16). The EX group underwent a 12-week aerobic exercise regimen on a treadmill. After 12-week, plasma BCAAs and branched-chain keto acids (BCKAs) were measured by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, glucose tolerance test (GTT) and insulin tolerance test (ITT) were performed, and the expression and phosphorylation of BCAAs catabolic proteins, as well as AKT T308 in gastrocnemius muscle and liver tissues, were evaluated using western blotting. Subsequently, the study explored the role of BCAAs in enhancing IR through exercise. Mice were randomly allocated into 4 groups: sedentary group (CON, <i>n</i> = 8), sedentary with BCAAs supplementation group (CON+BCAA, <i>n</i> = 8), exercise group (EX, <i>n</i> = 16), and exercise with BCAAs supplementation group (EX+BCAA, <i>n</i> = 16). The exercise protocol was as above. Mice in the BCAAs supplemented groups received drinking water containing 2% BCAAs. After 12-week, plasma BCAAs and BCKAs were measured, GTT and ITT tests were performed, and the phosphorylation of AKT T308, as well as p70S6K T389 in gastrocnemius muscle and liver, were compared between the EX group and the EX+BCAA group. Additionally, the phosphorylation of AMPKα T172 in both tissues was measured across all four groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>12-week aerobic exercise improved insulin sensitivity in DIO mice while inducing BCAAs catabolic protein expression in skeletal muscle and liver, and reducing the plasma BCAAs level. Importantly, BCAAs supplementation elevated the plasma level of BCAAs and counteracted the exercise-attenuated IR. In skeletal muscle and liver tissues, BCAAs supplementation impaired the exercise-improved insulin signaling without enhancing mammalian target of rapamycin activity. AMPK activity was enhanced by aerobic exercise, which was abolished by BCAAs supplementation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Aerobic exercise attenuated insulin resistance via restoring BCAAs homeostasis and AMPK activity. The impacts of BCAAs intake on the metabolic effects of exercise sheds light on the combined exercise and nutrition intervention strategy for diabetes management.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"11 ","pages":"1451429"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11615396/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142779701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Body composition: a crucial factor in downstaging and postoperative complications of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for gastric cancer.","authors":"Zhuanmei Jin, Min Chen, Qinglin Yang, Changyu Yao, Yanting Li, Taohua Zhang, Min Lai, Shuangxi Li, Lipeng Ding, Wenzhen Yuan","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1481365","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1481365","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Postoperative complications may lower the quality of life of patients, consequently leading to a reduction in their overall survival (OS). In our previous investigations, we found that patients with gastric cancer (GC) with postoperative complications who underwent direct surgery had a significantly lower OS than patients without complications. We observed no significant difference in OS among patients who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), regardless of complications. We propose that for patients who underwent reoperation following NAC, downstaging (reduction of clinical stage) and postoperative complications exerted contrasting effects on the OS. Further, we hypothesize that post-NAC downstaging and the absence of postoperative complications lead to a longer OS.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;We conducted a retrospective analysis to collect the clinical data of patients with GC who underwent surgery after receiving NAC at the First Hospital of Lanzhou University from January 2016 to December 2022. Based on the presence of a post-NAC downstaging period and postoperative complications, we categorized the patients into group A (downstaging without complications), group B (downstaging with complications), group C (non-downstaging with complications), and group D (non-downstaging without complications). First, we assessed the OS disparity between the groups. Subsequently, we performed a comparative analysis of the body composition and hematological indexes of patients from the four groups.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;We included 295 patients in the study and categorized them into four subgroups: group A comprised 83 patients (28.1%), group B comprised 32 patients (10.8%), group C comprised 83 patients (28.1%), and group D comprised 97 patients (32.9%). Group A patients had the longest OS of 40.1 ± 20.53, whereas group C patients had the shortest OS of 32.15 ± 25.09. The OS of patients in the other two groups was between these values. Pairwise comparisons revealed significant differences between the OS of group A patients and that of groups C (32.15 ± 25.09) and D (33.06 ± 20.89) patients (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). The skeletal mass index (SMI) and skeletal mass area (SMA) were highest in group A, lowest in group C, higher in group A (SMI: 45.05 ± 7.44, SMA: 128.88 ± 22.67) than in group C (SMI: 41.61 ± 8.17, SMA: 115.56 ± 26.67) (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05), and higher in group D (SMI: 44.94 ± 6.87, SMA: 127.05 ± 23.09) than in group C (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). However, we observed no significant difference between the SMI and SMA of groups B (SMI: 42.91 ± 9.68, SMA: 120.76 ± 30.51) and D (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &gt; 0.05). With respect to hematological indexes, the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) was highest in group A and lowest in group C. The PNI in group A (417.89 ± 37.58) was significantly higher than that in group C (397.62 ± 47.56) (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05), and it was also higher in group D (410.76 ± 4.28) than in group C (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). How","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"11 ","pages":"1481365"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11614600/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142779727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional management for post-stroke sarcopenia risk and multi-comorbidities patient via percutaneous endoscopic gastrotomy: a case report and review of the literature.","authors":"Sofia Oliveira, Beatriz Martins, Paula Pereira, Maria Leonor Silva","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1474328","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1474328","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stroke is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, often leading to complications such as malnutrition, dysphagia, and sarcopenia. We present the case of a 78-year-old male with a history of ischemic stroke and multiple comorbidities, who was underweight and weakened. Over a 10-month follow-up period, a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube was placed, and nutritional management was carried out based on biochemical and nutritional status assessments. Anthropometric and blood biochemical parameters confirmed the need to adjust protein and energy intake to the patient's requirements. Personalized nutritional intervention, including a caloric surplus and dietary adjustments, resulted in weight gain, improved muscle mass and biochemical blood parameters. This case report highlights the comprehensive nutritional management of a post-stroke patient to improve outcomes and quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"11 ","pages":"1474328"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11614591/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142779743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex differences in the association between dietary choline intake and total bone mineral density among adolescents aged 12-19 in the United States.","authors":"Hongyang Gong, Jiecheng Jiang, Seok Choi, Shaoqun Huang","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1459117","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1459117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>While prior research has established a correlation between dietary choline intake and bone density in the elderly, the relationship in adolescents remains ambiguous. This study seeks to examine the association between dietary choline intake and bone density in American adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) for 2005 to 2018 were used in this study, encompassing participants aged 12-19 years. The relationship between dietary choline intake and bone density was assessed using multivariate linear regression models and restricted cubic spline (RCS) models. Subgroup analyses were also performed to investigate differences across various subgroups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>3,800 participants with an average age of 15 years were included in this study. After adjusting for relevant confounding factors, a positive correlation was observed between dietary choline intake and total bone density in adolescents (95% CI: 0.03-0.17, <i>p</i> = 0.010). Gender-specific analysis indicated a significant positive correlation between dietary choline intake and total bone density in males (95% CI: 0.07-0.23, <i>p</i> < 0.001), while no significant correlation was found in females (95% CI: -0.19 to 0.09, <i>p</i> = 0.500). The stratified analysis revealed that the positive association was more pronounced in males and non-Hispanic whites (interaction <i>p</i> < 0.05). The restricted cubic spline model demonstrated a linear positive correlation between dietary choline intake and total bone density.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates that dietary choline intake levels are positively correlated with bone density in adolescents, with this association being specific to males.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"11 ","pages":"1459117"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11614608/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142779824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The global burden of colorectal cancer attributable to high body-mass index in 204 countries and territories: findings from 1990 to 2021 and predictions to 2035.","authors":"Xiaoqian Jin, Danfeng Dong, Zixuan Xu, Mingming Sun","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1473851","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1473851","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The association between high body-mass index (BMI) and colorectal cancer (CRC) has been confirmed and gained attention. However, a detailed understanding of the disease burden of high BMI and CRC remains lacking.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to assess the temporal and geographical trends of CRC deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) caused by high BMI globally from 1990 to 2021, providing effective guidance for developing prevention and treatment strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used data from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease study to assess the global, regional, and national Deaths, DALYs, age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR), and age-standardized DALY rates (ASDR) caused by CRC related to high BMI, and further calculated the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC). We also considered factors such as gender, age, and sociodemographic index (SDI). We explore the relationship between EAPC and ASMR/ASDR (1990) and between EAPC and SDI (2021). Further, the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model was applied to predict the disease burden from 2022 to 2035. The risk factors were calculated by Population Attributable Fraction (PAF).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2021, CRC caused by high BMI resulted in 99,268 deaths (95% Uncertainty Interval (UI): 42,956-157,949) and 2,364,664 DALYs (95% UI: 1,021,594-3,752,340) globally, with ASMR and ASDR being 1.17 per 100,000 population (95% UI: 0.51-1.87) and 27.33 per 100,000 population (95% UI: 11.8-43.37), respectively. The disease burden was higher in males and the elderly, with significant differences between regions and sociodemographic groups. From 1990 to 2021, the ASMR for CRC associated with high BMI revealed little change globally, while the ASDR revealed an upward trend. The burden of CRC caused by high BMI has shifted from high SDI regions to low and low-middle SDI regions. Additionally, from 2022 to 2035, ASMR and ASDR are expected to increase in males, while ASMR and ASDR in females are expected to remain relatively stable.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>From 1990 to 2021, the number of deaths and DALYs related to high BMI-associated CRC globally, as well as ASMR and ASDR, continue to rise. We predict that ASMR and ASDR may further increase by 2035, making it crucial to take timely and targeted interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"11 ","pages":"1473851"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11614609/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142779840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between polyunsaturated fatty acid intake and estradiol levels among U.S. women.","authors":"Lange Guo, Yukui Nan, Kangni Liang, Lizhong Yao, Jiuzhi Li","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1500705","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1500705","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) play a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis in the body. However, research on the relationship between PUFA intake and estradiol levels is limited. This study aims to investigate the association between dietary PUFA intake and estradiol levels in women in the United States.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Data on PUFA intake and estradiol levels were drawn from the 2013-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) for women aged 20 and older. UFA intake was assessed through 24-h dietary interviews, while serum estradiol levels were measured using isotope dilution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (ID-LC-MS/MS). Weighted logistic regression models adjusted for covariates were used to analyze the relationship between PUFA intake and estradiol levels. The inflection point of the non-linear relationship between intake of PUFAs and estradiol levels was determined by threshold effects analysis, and a two-part regression model was developed at the inflection point.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Weighted multivariate linear regressions showed positive associations between eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) intake and estradiol levels. Even in the fully adjusted model, EPA intake remained positively associated with estradiol levels in the menopausal (<i>β</i> = 78.08, 95% CI: 33.58, 122.58; <i>p</i> = 0.0006), non-menopausal (<i>β</i> = 287.61, 95% CI: 177.29, 397.94; <i>p</i> < 0.0001), and total-participant groups (<i>β</i> = 208.38, 95% CI: 139.81, 276.95; <i>p</i> < 0.0001), and DPA intake remained positively associated with estradiol levels in the non-menopausal (<i>β</i> = 318.87, 95% CI: 28.93, 608.82; <i>p</i> = 0.0313) and total-participant groups (<i>β</i> = 208.03, 95% CI: 22.89, 393.18; <i>p</i> = 0.0277). In the two-part regression model, EPA intake greater than 0.09 (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) and DPA intake greater than 0.05 (<i>p</i> = 0.0033) were positively associated with estradiol levels in non-menopausal women.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study suggests that higher intake of EPA and DPA in non-menopausal women is associated with increased estradiol levels. These findings support the importance of dietary components in regulating female reproductive health and hormone levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"11 ","pages":"1500705"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11616495/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142779725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}