Frontiers in Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"The impact of red meat and processed meat consumption on the risk of development and relapse of ulcerative colitis: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.","authors":"Yangyang Zhang, Yitong Yu, Ziyun Jiang, Junhong Yu, Zeyang Zhang, Zhuojia An, Yanhong Du, Yiqing Mao, Lanshuo Hu, Xudong Tang, Yingpan Zhao, Tangyou Mao","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1668302","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1668302","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Consumption of red and processed meats has been classified as probably carcinogenic and carcinogenic to humans, respectively. However, the association between their consumption and the incidence or recurrence of ulcerative colitis (UC) remains unclear. This study aims to systematically evaluate the dose-response relationship between red or processed meat consumption and UC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase, CNKI, VIP, Wanfang, SinoMed, Yiigle, and ICTRP were searched from inception through July 2024. Pooled relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using random-effects or fixed-effects models based on heterogeneity. A dose-response meta-analysis was conducted using R 4.4.2.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighteen studies comprising 1,384,024 participants were included, all rated as moderate to high quality. Red meat consumption was significantly associated with an increased risk of UC development [RR = 1.21, 95% CI (1.03, 1.42), <i>p</i> = 0.020]. Processed meat consumption showed a tendency toward increased UC risk, although not statistically significant [RR = 1.54, 95% CI (0.99, 2.42), <i>p</i> = 0.058]. Neither red nor processed meat consumption was significantly associated with UC recurrence. Dose-response analysis indicated that each additional 100 g/day of red meat intake increased UC incidence risk by 65% [RR = 1.65, 95% CI (1.30, 2.09)].</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on very low-certainty evidence, increased red meat intake may be associated with a potential risk of developing UC. However, there is currently insufficient evidence to support an association between red or processed meat consumption and the recurrence of UC. Future studies with long-term follow-up and rigorous design are warranted to verify these findings and explore underlying mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD42024573557, identifier (CRD42024573557).</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1668302"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12463588/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Partially hydrolyzed, whey-based infant formula with six human milk oligosaccharides, <i>B. infantis</i> LMG11588, and <i>B. lactis</i> CNCM I-3446 is safe, well tolerated, and improves gut health: a staged analysis of a randomized trial.","authors":"Jean-Charles Picaud, Olivier Claris, Mercedes Gil-Campos, Ignacio Salamanca De La Cueva, Luc Cornette, Philippe Alliet, André Léké, Mireille Castanet, Hugues Piloquet, Virginie de Halleux, Delphine Mitanchez, Yvan Vandenplas, Pierre Maton, Frank Jochum, Dirk Olbertz, Sergio Negre Policarpo, Luca Lavalle, Cecilia Fumero, Paula Rodriguez-Garcia, Janne Marie Moll, Irma Silva-Zolezzi, Boutaina Zemrani, Nicholas P Hays, Norbert Sprenger, Javier Miranda-Mallea","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1676657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1676657","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1628847.].</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1676657"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12465907/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proposing a unified Mediterranean diet score to address the current conceptual and methodological challenges in examining adherence to the Mediterranean diet.","authors":"Nahla Hwalla, Antonia Trichopoulou, Jacques Delarue, Felice Adinolfi, Furio Brighenti, Barbara Burlingame, Roberto Capone, Sandro Dernini, Maroun El Moujabber, Marcela González-Gross, Yari Vecchio, Nour Massouh, Farah Naja","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1533176","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1533176","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A plethora of studies has documented the benefits of the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) for both human and environmental health. At the core of these investigations lies the assessment of adherence to it. In this manuscript, we aim to examine existing original scores used to assess adherence to the MedDiet and propose a framework for a unified score to address current challenges and complement the existing scores. A literature search was conducted to identify original MED scores, excluding those derived from earlier scores. A total of nineteen original scores were identified and examined. At the conceptual level, across existing scores, the following issues were identified: inconsistencies in food items, lack of holistic lifestyle approaches with focus on food-based components, limited cultural specificity, absence of sustainability evaluations, and regional focus solely on economically developed countries. At the methodological level, the majority of scores were based on cutoffs set by the population-specific distributions of dietary intake. Such cutoffs may be in discordance with the dietary recommendations of the different food groups considered. In addition, the definition of \"adherence\" is inconsistent across the scores, making the interpretation and comparability of the prevalence of adherence another methodological challenge. As a result, a framework for a Unified Mediterranean diet Score (UMEDS) is proposed. This framework consists of 10 food groups (whole grains, fruits, vegetables, dairy products, fish, legumes, olive oil, nuts and seeds, poultry, and red meat). These food groups are the common denominators of a traditional Mediterranean diet. In addition to the food-related components, the UMEDS also addresses physical activity, sleep, conviviality, and culture-specific food consumption (mainly composite dishes based on olive oil). For each of these items, evidence-based cut-offs were proposed. The total score for the UMEDS ranges from 0 to 22 with higher scores indicating a higher adherence (≤12 poor adherence, 13-17 moderate adherence, ≥18 good adherence). By integrating key components of dietary intake, lifestyle habits, and cultural practices, the UMEDS provides a comprehensive unified approach that aligns with global health guidelines and reflects the true spirit of the Mediterranean diet, rooted in food, lifestyle, culture, lifestyle, and traditional knowledge and practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1533176"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12463607/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"24-h dietary intake and its relationship with nutritional knowledge and behaviors in older adults with type 2 diabetes in Vietnam.","authors":"Duong Thuy Thi Truong, Hoa Thi Nguyen, Hoa Thanh Thi Le","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1602979","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1602979","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a growing public health challenge in Vietnam, particularly among older adults, with dietary intake critical for its management. Limited research explores how nutritional knowledge and dietary behaviors influence dietary intake in Vietnamese older adults with T2DM.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study assesses 24-h dietary intake and its relationship with nutritional knowledge and dietary behaviors in older adults with T2DM in Vietnam.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted among 355 older adults with T2DM at Vinh Yen City Medical Center, Vinh Phuc, Vietnam. Data included anthropometric measurements, biochemical parameters, and 24-h dietary recall. Nutritional knowledge and dietary behaviors were assessed via structured questionnaires. Regression analyses examined associations with glycemic control.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overweight/obese participants had significantly higher energy (1,331.1 kcal/day vs. 1,104.9 kcal/day, <i>P</i> < 0.001), protein (74.2 g/day vs. 59.9 g/day, <i>P</i> < 0.001), carbohydrate (199.2 g/day vs. 168.9 g/day, <i>P</i> = 0.022), and fat intake (26.4 g/day vs. 21.1 g/day, <i>P</i> = 0.034) than normal-weight participants. Poor nutritional knowledge was prevalent in 51% of overweight/obese vs. 19% of normal-weight participants (<i>P</i> < 0.001), with only 16.3% adhering to dietary guidelines. Higher energy intake was associated with increased HbA1c (β = 0.15, <i>P</i> = 0.049), while carbohydrate intake showed an inverse relationship (β = -0.60, <i>P</i> = 0.049). Higher BMI was linked to lower HbA1c (β = -0.15, <i>P</i> = 0.029).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Older adults with T2DM in Vietnam show significant variations in dietary intake, with poor nutritional knowledge, and low dietary adherence, particularly among overweight/obese individuals. Poor dietary adherence and limited nutritional understanding, particularly among overweight/obese individuals, highlight the need for targeted dietary interventions. Structured nutritional counseling and culturally tailored education programs may improve adherence and glycemic control in this population. Interventions are needed to address barriers like limited knowledge and economic constraints, thereby improving glycemic control and informing public health policies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1602979"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12463583/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction of a risk prediction model for postoperative pneumonia based on the prognostic nutritional index and analysis of related factors in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.","authors":"Tingxuan Wang, Haitao Wu, Yue Bao, Bin Lu, Luo Li","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1639230","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1639230","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Postoperative pneumonia (POP) is a common complication following hematoma extraction in patients with cerebral hemorrhage, contributing to poor prognosis. Prognostic nutritional index (PNI), a composite index combining serum albumin (a marker of nutritional status) and lymphocyte count (a marker of immune function), reflects both nutritional reserve and immune competence. Impaired nutritional status and immune dysfunction are key drivers of postoperative infections, making PNI a theoretically plausible indicator for predicting POP. This study aimed to explore the relationship between POP and nutritional indices (with a focus on PNI) after hematoma clearance and to develop a predictive model for POP.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on 325 patients who underwent hematoma removal, including 133 patients diagnosed with POP. The PNI was calculated using the formula: PNI = 5 × lymphocyte count (×10⁹/L) + serum albumin (g/L). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify independent risk factors for POP. The performance of the predictive model was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), internal validation, and visualization via a Nomogram.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant POP risk factors: low PNI (<i>p</i> < 0.001, OR = 0.84, 95%CI 0.77-0.90), hypoproteinemia (<i>p</i> = 0.008, OR = 2.91), low admission GCS (<i>p</i> = 0.009, OR = 2.92), tracheotomy (<i>p</i> = 0.002, OR = 3.92), and obstructive lung diseases (<i>p</i> = 0.014, OR = 4.22). The model (incorporating these factors) had an AUC of 0.87, passed validation, and was visualized as a Nomogram. This is the first identification of PNI as a POP risk factor in this population.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The predictive model, which integrates PNI and four other clinical factors, demonstrates favorable discriminative ability in identifying patients at high risk of POP following hematoma extraction for cerebral hemorrhage. By quantifying the risk of POP preoperatively, this model can assist clinicians in stratifying patients, prioritizing targeted preventive interventions (such as nutritional optimization or respiratory care) for high-risk individuals, and thereby contributing to the reduction of postoperative complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1639230"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12463640/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonlinear dose-response relationship between dietary inflammatory index and risk of depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Lirong Yu, Lingzi Bian, Liping Ren, Wei Wei, Huijie Zhang, Maoyun Miao","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1645789","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1645789","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Depression is a prevalent mental health disorders that impose a significant global health burden. Emerging evidence suggests that diet plays a critical role in mental health, primarily through its impact on inflammation. The Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) is a validated tool designed to assess the inflammatory potential of an individual's diet.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To systematically evaluate the association between DII and the risk of depression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science from inception to August 9, 2025. Two independent reviewers screened the studies, extracted data, and assessed methodological quality. A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the association between DII and depression (the main outcome). The dose-response relationship between DII and depression was further analyzed using generalized least squares estimation and restricted cubic spline models in Stata 18.0.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 43 studies were included. The meta-analysis revealed that higher DII scores were associated with an increased risk of depression (OR = 1.53; 95% CI: 1.42 to 1.66; <i>I</i> ² = 81.5%). Subgroup analyses stratified by study design, gender, age, region, dietary assessment methods, depression assessment tools, and body mass index (BMI) consistently showed a positive association between higher DII and depression risk. Dose-response analysis indicated a nonlinear relationship (<i>p</i> = 0.0019): no significant association was observed for DII scores below 0, whereas the risk increased progressively for scores above 0. Exploratory analyses of a smaller subset of studies suggested a similar trend for anxiety, but this finding should be interpreted with caution.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Higher DII scores are associated with an increased risk of depression. These results highlight the potential benefits of reducing pro-inflammatory dietary components and encouraging anti-inflammatory eating patterns to support mental health, particularly in the prevention of depression.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD42023433767, identifier (CRD42023433767).</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1645789"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12465630/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Handgrip strength and the GLIM criteria are markers for nutritional risk in patients treated in the SUS (Government Health System).","authors":"Vânia Aparecida Leandro-Merhi, Lucas Rosasco Mazzini, Larissa Silveira Stopiglia, Julia Pizzo Teixeira, Vitor Alexandre Camargo Barbieri, Rafael Iglesias Seccacci","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1630142","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1630142","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1630142"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12460129/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between MTHFR polymorphisms and vitamin D status in infertile women: a mediation analysis.","authors":"Ruiqiong Zhou, Zhenghong Zhu, Zhaoyi Wang, Mei Dong, Li Huang, Songlu Wang, Xiqian Zhang, Fenghua Liu","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1644302","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1644302","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) regulates folate metabolism and homocysteine (Hcy) methylation. Impaired folate metabolism and vitamin D deficiency are both closely associated with female reproductive disorders, but their specific roles and relationship remain largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between MTHFR polymorphisms and vitamin D status and to examine the mediating effect of Hcy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 6,344 infertile patients were included in this retrospective study. Multivariable logistic regression and multiple linear regression models, and stratified analyses were used to investigate the relationship between MTHFR polymorphisms (C677T and A1298C) and vitamin D status. Smooth curve fitting model and spearman correlation analysis were used to explore the correlation between Hcy levels and vitamin D status. Mediation analyses were performed to examine the direct and indirect effects of MTHFR polymorphisms on vitamin D status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The risk of vitamin D deficiency and serum Hcy levels were significantly higher in patients with MTHFR677CT and TT compared with CC (<i>p</i> < 0.001 for both). In multivariate regression models, MTHFR677CT and TT were positively associated with vitamin D deficiency compared with CC. No significant differences were found for A1298C polymorphism. Smooth curve fitting models showed that serum Hcy was linearly correlated with both 25(OH)D levels (<i>p</i>-nonlinear = 0.063) and prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (<i>p</i>-nonlinear = 0.261). In mediation analyses using logistic regression models, Hcy mediated 15.8 and 41.6% of the associations between 677CT and TT (versus CC) and vitamin D deficiency, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The effect of C677T polymorphism on vitamin D status can be explained jointly by a direct association between C677T polymorphism and vitamin D, and an indirect association mediated by Hcy.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1644302"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12460134/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regular extra-virgin olive oil intake independently associates with lower abdominal obesity.","authors":"Carlo De Matteis, Lucilla Crudele, Ersilia Di Buduo, Salvatore Cantatore, Fabio Novielli, Silvia Cultrera, Angela Fulvia Tricase, Maria Arconzo, Marilina Florio, Raffaella Maria Gadaleta, Elena Piccinin, Marica Cariello, Antonio Moschetta","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1645230","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1645230","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Abdominal obesity is a major global health burden, driving risk for cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and cancer. The Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet), recognized for its cardiometabolic benefits, emphasizes Extra-Virgin Olive Oil (EVOO) as a primary fat source. We previously validated the Chrono Med Diet Score (CMDS), an index integrating dietary quality and chrono-nutritional principles, and demonstrated its associations with abdominal adiposity and cancer incidence. Although EVOO is central to the MedDiet, mechanisms related to its specific contributions to metabolic health remain partial. In the present study, we investigated the relationship between consistent EVOO intake frequency, MedDiet adherence (CMDS), and anthropometric outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from 16,273 adults (46.5% male) who completed the CMDS-based online survey since April 2023. Data included age, sex, height, weight, waist circumference (WC), Body Mass Index (BMI) and dietary/lifestyle information. EVOO intake frequency was categorized as: sporadic (<3 days/week), frequent (≥3 but <6 days/week), or regular (≥6 days/week), based on ~25 g/day (~2 tablespoons). Statistical analyses included Student's t-tests, ANOVA with Bonferroni correction, mediation analysis, and multivariable logistic regression adjusting for confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant sex differences were observed in age, BMI, WC, and CMDS. Participants with regular EVOO intake were significantly older (55.9 ± 8.1 years) than sporadic (53.9 ± 7.1) and frequent (54.1 ± 7.7) consumers (<i>p</i> = 0.0019) yet showed more favorable anthropometrics. Compared to sporadic intake, regular intake was associated with significantly lower BMI (24.7 ± 3.0 vs. 26.6 ± 2.9, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and WC (89.1 ± 6.7 cm vs. 99.4 ± 9.1 cm, <i>p</i> < 0.0001), with consistent results across sexes (<i>p</i> < 0.0001 for both). Mediation analysis revealed that EVOO's effect on WC was significantly mediated by CMDS (<i>β</i> = -0.83, <i>p</i> < 0.0001), accounting for 61.9% of the total effect. A direct association also persisted after adjusting for CMDS (<i>β</i> = -0.59, <i>p</i> < 0.0001). In logistic regression, non-regular EVOO intake was associated with substantially higher odds of abdominal obesity (Odds Ratio 5.1; 95% Confidence Interval: 3.3-6.8; <i>p</i> < 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this large cohort, regular EVOO consumption, while defining higher CMDS adherence, is independently associated with lower BMI and WC. EVOO exerts a dual role in metabolic health, both mediating and independently enhancing the relationship between chrono-Mediterranean diet adherence and reduced abdominal obesity. Non-regular EVOO intake emerges as a strong risk factor for visceral adiposity, irrespective of overall diet quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1645230"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12461093/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adolescents' ultra-processed food consumption status and its association with food literacy: a cross-sectional study in Chongqing, China.","authors":"Jiaxin Guo, Ya Shi, Yu Su, Ke Jiang, Yaocheng Luo, Huiyi Zhang, Shengping Li, Zumin Shi, Liang Ran, Yong Zhao","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1494896","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1494896","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) is increasing globally and has become a prominent public health concern. We aimed to use a population-based study to examine the association between food literacy (FL) and its two subdomains with UPF consumption in adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The online survey included 7,761 adolescents aged 11-17 from Chongqing, China. UPF consumption degree was assessed by the unhealthy eating subscale of the Healthy and Unhealthy Eating Behaviors Scale (HUEBS). FL was measured using the Food Nutrition Literacy in School-age Children (FNLQ-SC) questionnaire. FL and the two subdomains were categorized into quartiles, and linear regression was used to examine the association between them.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In fully adjusted regression models, the regression coefficients <i>β</i> (95% confidence interval) were 0.00, -0.68 (95% CI: -1.12, -0.24; <i>p</i> = 0.003), -0.69 (95% CI: -1.14, -0.24; <i>p</i> = 0.003), and -0.60 (95% CI: -1.06, -0.14; <i>p</i> = 0.012) across the FL quartiles. An inverse association between FL and UPF consumption score was observed only in girls, but not in boys. Among those with screen time ≥2 h/day, participants in the higher quartile of FL scores (Q3) exhibited lower scores in UPF consumption compared with those in quartile 1 (Q1) (<i>β</i> (95% CI) -1.35 (-2.00, -0.71), <i>p</i> < 0.05). There were significant interactions between FL quartiles and gender (<i>p</i> for interaction < 0.001) or screen time (<i>p</i> for interaction = 0.003) in relation to UPF consumption.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study suggests that high FL and the two subdomains were linked with a lower UPF consumption score in adolescents. Increasing FL among adolescents has the potential to enhance their decision-making on eating.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1494896"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12460124/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}