Frontiers in Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Prediction model for unfavorable treatment outcome for complicated sever acute malnutrition (SAM) in under five children admitted in hospitals at Amhara Region.","authors":"Almaw Genet Yeshiwas, Zelalem Alamrew Anteneh, Tilahun Degu Tsega, Ahmed Fentaw Ahmed, Chalachew Yenew","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1523975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1523975","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) affects 45 million children worldwide, with 14.89% of Ethiopian children under five suffering from it. This study validates a prediction model and develops risk scores for unfavorable treatment outcomes in SAM patients, addressing the scarcity of risk assessment tools in low-income settings and providing clinicians with a practical tool to improve decision-making.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cohort study was conducted among 915 SAM children hospitalized with SAM hospitals in Amhara Region. Data analysis was conducted using STATA 17 and R 4.4.1. A lasso-selected multivariable model developed a nomogram for clinical utility. Model performance was assessed via AUC, calibration plot and validated with bootstrapping. Decision curve analysis evaluated the model's clinical and public health utility.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The incidence of unfavorable treatment outcomes of SAM cases was 27.8% (95% CI: 25, 31). Majority of admitted children in stabilization center were complicated Severe Acute Malnutrition (cSAM) under-five children a magnitude of 89.52% (95% CI: 80.5-99.82). The developed nomogram comprised seven predictors: baseline Oedema, Diarrhea, CBC test results (Anemia), Pneumonia, Folic Acid supplementation, Vitamin A supplementation and IV antibiotic treatment. The AUC of the original model was 91.3% (95% CI: 89.0, 93.5), whereas the risk score model produced prediction accuracy of an AUC of 90.86 (95% CI: 88.6, 92.9). It was internally validated by bootstrapping method, and it has a relatively corrected discriminatory performance. Decision curve analysis indicated a higher net benefit compared to treating all or none, especially for threshold probabilities above 21%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our model and risk score demonstrate excellent discrimination and calibration, with minimal accuracy loss from the original, ensuring robust predictive performance. The models can have the potential to improve care and treatment outcomes in the clinical settings. Healthcare professionals prioritize the management of cSAM cases in children, particularly those presenting with baseline edema and co-morbidities such as pneumonia, anemia and diarrhea. Emphasis should be placed on timely interventions, including the administration of folic acid and Vitamin A supplementation, as well as intravenous antibiotics. Implementing a comprehensive care plan that addresses these factors will significantly improve treatment outcomes and enhance recovery in this vulnerable population.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1523975"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11847673/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143491411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling the microbial mysteries: gut microbiota's role in ulcerative colitis.","authors":"Keyu Ren, Chunming Yong, Yanchun Jin, Shanwei Rong, Kuijin Xue, Bin Cao, Hongyun Wei","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1519974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1519974","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease characterized by persistent inflammation of the colon. Recent research has highlighted the significant role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis and treatment of UC. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of the relationship between gut microbiota and UC. We discuss the involvement of gut microbiota in the onset of UC, including the dysbiosis observed in patients and its potential mechanisms. Additionally, the role of extra-intestinal microbiota in UC pathogenesis is explored, which has been less studied but is gaining attention. The influence of gut microbiota on the efficacy of biological immunotherapy for UC is also examined, highlighting how microbial composition can influence treatment outcomes. Furthermore, we review microbiota transplantation, and their potential benefits in UC management. Finally, we consider the combined use of antibiotics and biological agents in UC treatment, discussing their synergistic effects and potential drawbacks. This review underscores the importance of gut microbiota in UC and suggests that targeting microbial communities could offer new avenues for effective treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1519974"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11847676/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143491413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The hidden crisis: double burden of malnutrition among refugee children in South Asia - a systematic review and meta-analysis from observational studies.","authors":"Pooja Panchal, Mohd Usman, Tajung Longkumer, Reshma Susan Babu, Mahalaqua Nazil Khatib, Shariza Abdul Razak, Kavitha Menon","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1480319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2024.1480319","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Children living in refugee camps in South Asian countries suffer from undernutrition. However, the emerging prevalence of double burden of malnutrition could potentially cause a crisis in the healthcare of the refugee population. Double burden increases the risk for co-morbidities, poor functional health, and increased risk for premature death among these children. The study aims to assess the prevalence of malnutrition among refugee children in South Asia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This systematic review and meta-analysis followed the standard Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines using CoCoPop mnemonic approach. We searched JSTOR, Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and MEDLINE databases for studies on the prevalence of malnutrition in refugee children from 1984 to August 2024 with restricted English language. The screening of research articles was undertaken using COVIDENCE 2.0 software. The JBI checklist was used to assess the methodological quality of the included articles. The meta analysis was carried out using MedCalc 22.018 software. The gray literature was manually searched from the reputed organizations focusing on refugee children and was narratively analyzed for malnutrition statistics. Furthermore, the corroboration of primary research articles and gray literature was conducted for comprehensive understanding.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The review included 10 full-text research articles, all with cross-sectional study design and 11 gray literatures. The 10 studies covered a total of 4,274 participants with 3,536 urban and 738 rural refugee children aged between 0 and 19 years [refugee children (<i>n</i> = 8) and refugee adolescents (<i>n</i> = 2)]. The sample size of the included studies varied between 58 and 1,087 and mostly from Bangladesh. The prevalence of stunting ranged from 3.9-75.4% in the included studies [pooled prevalence: 31.8% (95% CI: 18.6-46.6%)]; wasting between 0.3-24.3% [pooled prevalence:10.1% (95% CI: 4.6-17.3)]; underweight between 4.4-65% [pooled prevalence: 19.1% (95% CI: 10.8-29.2%)]; and overweight between 3 and 24% [pooled prevalence: 6.5% (95% CI: 2.6-12.1%)]. Time trend analysis of the prevalence of malnutrition showed a decreasing trend in underweight, an increasing trend for stunting and wasting, and overweight including a rising prevalence of dual burden of under-and overnutrition.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The study indicates a high prevalence of undernutrition and a rising prevalence of overnutrition -the Asian paradox of the double burden of malnutrition in refugee children living in South Asia. The coexisting double burden of malnutrition among refugee children calls for comprehensive programs and policies for the prevention and management of the double burden of malnutrition.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"11 ","pages":"1480319"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11847640/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143491471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring avocado consumption and health: a scoping review and evidence map.","authors":"Stephen A Fleming, Tristen L Paul, Rachel A F Fleming, Alison K Ventura, Megan A McCrory, Corrie M Whisner, Paul A Spagnuolo, Louise Dye, Jana Kraft, Nikki A Ford","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1488907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1488907","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This scoping review evaluates the breadth of research on avocado intake and health, considering all populations and health outcomes (registered on Open Science Foundation at https://osf.io/nq5hk).</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Any human intervention or observational study where effects could be isolated to consumption of avocado were included. A systematic literature search through April 2024 was conducted (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and CENTRAL) and supplemented by backwards citation screening. Dual screening, data extraction, and conflict resolution were performed by three reviewers and an interactive evidence map was created.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After deduplication, 8,823 unique records were retrieved; 58 articles met inclusion criteria, comprising 45 unique studies (28 interventions, 17 observational studies). Studies were largely conducted in the United States or Latin America and generally included adults, with overweight/obesity, frequently with elevated lipid concentrations. Interventions assessed the impact of diets enriched in monounsaturated fatty acids, diets higher/lower in carbohydrates, or in free-feeding conditions. Larger amounts of avocados were used in interventions than commonly consumed in observational studies (60-300 vs. 0-10 g/d, respectively). Blood lipids, nutrient bioavailability, cardiovascular risk, glycemia, and anthropometric variables were the most common outcomes reported across all studies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Future recommendations for novel research include the study of: European, Asian, adolescent or younger, and senior populations; dose-response designs and longer length interventions; dietary compensation; and the need for greater replication. The results have been made public and freely available, and a visual, interactive map was created to aid in science translation. This evidence map should enable future meta-analyses, enhance communication and transparency in avocado research, and serve as a resource for policy guidance.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1488907"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11847682/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143491409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between prognostic nutritional index and all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease mortality in American adults with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.","authors":"Yuqing Lei, Shaohong Tao, Yubo Yang, Fang Xie, Weining Xie","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1526801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1526801","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The current research was to investigate the relationship between prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and mortality, with a focus on all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality, for those with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 20,142 patients who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), which was carried out between 2005 and 2014, were included in this research. To examine the relationship between PNI and both all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, we employed weighted Cox regression models with multiple variables. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were utilized to visualize the survival distribution across different levels of PNI. The non-linear association between PNI and mortality was addressed through penalized spline smoothing. Subgroup analyses were conducted to examine the potential influence of relevant clinical variables on the relationship between PNI and mortality. The precision of PNI in forecasting the outcome of survival was assessed as well using time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Kaplan-Meier analysis linked higher PNI to significantly reduced all-cause and CVD mortality. Multivariable Cox models demonstrated that increasing PNI consistently lowered mortality risks. With a threshold value of 50.5, the link between PNI and mortality showed a non-linear pattern after adjusting for confounding factors. Subgroup analyses confirmed robust associations, particularly in race, education, BMI, and fibrosis. Time-dependent ROC analysis highlighted the strong predictive performance of PNI across various time points.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PNI played a significant role as an effective predictor of prognosis in individuals diagnosed with NAFLD.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1526801"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11847695/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143491373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of adherence to dietary recommendations and associated factors among type 2 diabetic patients in selected hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.","authors":"Wabi Temesgen Atinafu, Kefyalew Naniye Tilahun","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2024.1474445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2024.1474445","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In Ethiopia, diabetes and its complications are significant causes of morbidity and mortality, with huge economic implications. Despite the high dietary non-adherence that has been reported in limited studies in Ethiopia. Moreover, there is a gap from the perspective of patients in the area of this topic.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to assess adherence to dietary recommendations and associated factors among type 2 diabetic patients in Addis Ababa Selected Hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2024.</p><p><strong>Methods and materials: </strong>An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted in a 420 sampled population among four hospitals found in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, from 24 June to 15 July 2024. Systematic random sampling was used to recruit individual study participants. The collected data were exported into SPSS version 25 software for analysis. A descriptive summary, including frequencies, percentages, and graphs, was used to present the study results. Binary logistic regression was used for statistical analysis. Finally, the results of bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were presented using odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. In the final model, a <i>p</i>-value of <0.05 was taken as statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 406 participants were included, with a response rate of 96.7%. The study participants had an average age of 48 (± 11.4 years), and the overall adherence to dietary recommendations in this study was 62.8% among type 2 diabetic patients. Years of diagnosis of DM, having a family history of DM, having comorbidities, and having received diabetic nutrition education were significantly associated with adhering to diabetic dietary recommendations among type 2 diabetic patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion and recommendation: </strong>The study found that overall adherence to dietary recommendations among type 2 diabetic patients was relatively high at 62.8%, suggesting the need to develop and implement tailored dietary education and counseling programs for this patient population.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"11 ","pages":"1474445"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11847667/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143491313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive evaluation of the nutritional value and contaminants of alfalfa (<i>Medicago sativa</i> L.) in China.","authors":"Xiaoyan Zhu, Wenxue Chen, Mengyao Li, Boshuai Liu, Shumin Zhao, Menglin Hu, Jiajing Li, Defeng Li, Yinghua Shi, Hao Sun, Chengzhang Wang","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1539462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1539462","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Alfalfa is used as a feed source for animals and plays an important role in animal nutrition. Nutritional value analysis and contamination evaluation are essential for sustainable utilisation to ensure the quality and safety of alfalfa.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We aimed to evaluate the nutritional value and safety of alfalfa in five major regions in China-the Northeast Plain (NP), Inner Mongolia Plateau (IMP), Northwest Desert Oasis (NO), Loess Plateau (LP), and Huanghuaihai Plain (HP).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ninety-five samples representing 44 large-scale pratacultural companies were collected and analysed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average nutritional values of alfalfa hay were 16.43% crude protein (CP), 44.01% neutral detergent fibre (NDF), 33.22% acid detergent fibre (ADF), 10.78% crude ash (Ash), and 91.90% dry matter (DM), which were better in the NO and IMP areas; in particular, the α-linolenic acid value of alfalfa was the highest in the IMP area (p < 0.05). The detection rates of mycotoxins, microorganisms, and heavy metals were 100%. The over-standard rates of total bacteria count and total mould count were 66.7% and 75.8%, respectively, while the over-standard rate of chromium in heavy metals was as high as 87.9%.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study establishes the nutrient composition and harmful component profiles of alfalfa hay in five major planting areas for the first time, which provides a valuable reference for the safe and sustainable utilisation of alfalfa in livestock feed.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1539462"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11847697/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143491376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the association of depressive symptoms on serum folate and erythrocyte folate levels based on the 2017-2020 NHANES database.","authors":"Yunhong Yang, Huaqian Qi, Jiahao Zhang, Jie Jia, Yunsong Yang, Hong Zhao","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1505700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1505700","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To improve further the management of the nutritional status and dietary habits of depressed patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study investigated the effect of different severity states of depressive symptoms on serum and erythrocyte folate levels using the Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database from 2017 to 2020. We comprised a sample of 4,872 cases from NHANES database. We developed 3 linear regression models to assess the effect of depressive symptoms on erythrocyte folate and serum folate by collating and analyzing the data. The relationship between depression severity and erythrocyte folate as well as serum folate was also mutually validated by the results of multiple logistic regression. Finally, we made restricted cubic spline plots using the glm function of R.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Depression remained negatively correlated with serum folate levels with a OR value of -0.02, 95% CI of -0.05 ~ -0.00. Moderate depression was negatively correlated with folate, with a OR value of -0.03, 95% CI of -0.05 ~ -0.00. When exploring the association between different degrees of depressive symptoms and erythrocyte folate, it was unexpectedly found that major depression was negatively associated with erythrocyte folate with a OR value of -0.18, 95% CI of -0.31 ~ -0.04 after adjusting for all covariates.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Depression is associated with folate levels. The risk of serum folate insufficiency or erythrocyte folate insufficiency is higher after a positive depression. For different degrees of depressive symptoms, serum folate levels were significantly lower than normal in patients with moderate depression, while erythrocyte folate levels were lower than normal in patients with major depression. Therefore, attention should be paid to the dietary habits and nutritional status of patients with depression or depressive symptoms when they are undergoing long-term antidepressant treatment. Folic acid supplementation is recommended for patients with moderate or severe depression or for depressed patients who have developed unhealthy eating habits.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1505700"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11847701/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143491378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exosome-like nanovesicles derived from kale juice enhance collagen production by downregulating Smad7 in human skin fibroblasts.","authors":"Peihan Hsu, Yuriko Kamijyo, Emiri Koike, Saki Ichikawa, Yifeng Zheng, Tomohiro Ohno, Shigeru Katayama","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1486572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1486572","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plant-derived exosome-like nanovesicles (ELNs) are critical mediators of cross-kingdom communication, modulating gene expression in animal cells despite their plant origin. In this study, we investigated the effects of glucoraphanin-enriched kale (GEK)-derived ELNs (GELNs) on collagen production in normal human dermal fibroblasts NB1RGB. The ELNs isolated from GEK juice powder had particle sizes similar to those of typical exosomes. GELNs increased type I collagen expression in NB1RGB cells significantly. Microarray analysis demonstrated that GELN-derived total RNA upregulated the expression of genes related to extracellular matrix formation, including those involved in collagen synthesis. Further investigation revealed that microRNA-enriched fraction of GELNs promoted collagen production by inhibiting the expression of Smad7. These findings suggest that GELNs and their microRNA content enhance collagen production through the downregulation of Smad7.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1486572"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11847687/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143491405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ketogenic metabolic therapy for schizoaffective disorder: a retrospective case series of psychotic symptom remission and mood recovery.","authors":"Nicole Laurent, Erin L Bellamy, Katherine A Tague, Donika Hristova, Ally Houston","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1506304","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1506304","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Schizoaffective disorder is a severe psychiatric condition characterized by mood disturbances and psychotic symptoms. Standard treatments, primarily pharmacological, often fail to control symptoms fully and can lead to significant metabolic side effects. Emerging evidence suggests that ketogenic metabolic therapy (KMT), also known as the ketogenic diet, may offer a powerful alternative to conventional treatments for mood components and resolve psychiatric symptoms in patients with schizoaffective disorder.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This case series investigates the effects of KMT on two individuals diagnosed with schizoaffective disorder who pursued this therapy due to the ineffectiveness of conventional treatments. Both case presentations followed a modified ketogenic diet with medical oversight. Symptom changes in mood were assessed using validated tools, including the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-42), PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5), and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both case presentations experienced the complete cessation of psychotic symptoms and improvements in mood. Case 1, a 17-year-old female, achieved full remission of severe suicidal ideation, hallucinations, and anxiety within 6 weeks, with sustained improvements at a 24-week follow-up. Case 2, a 32-year-old female, achieved full remission of chronic psychotic and mood symptoms by 6 months. Patients either achieved full psychiatric deprescription or were in the process of deprescription at time of follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case series demonstrates that ketogenic metabolic therapy can resolve chronic psychotic and mood symptoms in patients with schizoaffective disorder, leading to full remission and significant functional recovery and reported improvements in quality of life that extend beyond symptom control with standard of care interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1506304"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11844221/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143482644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}