Frontiers in NutritionPub Date : 2025-04-29eCollection Date: 2025-01-01DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1606634
Georgia Ede, Beth A Zupec-Kania, Susan A Masino
{"title":"Editorial: Ketogenic metabolic therapy as a treatment for mental health disorders.","authors":"Georgia Ede, Beth A Zupec-Kania, Susan A Masino","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1606634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1606634","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1606634"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12069362/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144002654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Frontiers in NutritionPub Date : 2025-04-29eCollection Date: 2025-01-01DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1592969
Shan Huang, Haixia Xiao, Huanshun Xiao, Lu Liu, Shuangming Cai
{"title":"Higher dietary live microbe intake is linked to reduced risk of metabolic syndrome and mortality: a cross-sectional and longitudinal study.","authors":"Shan Huang, Haixia Xiao, Huanshun Xiao, Lu Liu, Shuangming Cai","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1592969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1592969","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The association between dietary live microbe intake and metabolic syndrome (MetS) prevalence, as well as its impact on all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in MetS patients, remains underexplored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 38,462 individuals from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2018 were analyzed. Based on the live microbial level of the consumed foods, participants were divided into three dietary live microbe intake groups: low, medium, and high. Foods with medium and high live microbe content were aggregated into a medium-high consumption category. MetS was defined based on NCEP-ATP III criteria. Survey-weighted logistic regression assessed the cross-sectional association with MetS prevalence, while Cox proportional hazards models evaluated mortality risks in 12,432 individuals with MetS, among whom 2,641 all-cause and 901 CVD deaths occurred.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher dietary live microbe intake was significantly associated with lower odds of MetS. Compared to the low intake group, participants in the high intake group had a 12% lower risk of MetS in the fully adjusted model (OR: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.80-0.97; <i>p</i> = 0.01). Among MetS components, significant inverse associations were observed for low HDL-C, elevated TG, and elevated BP. Participants with high dietary live microbe intake demonstrated a significantly lower risk of all-cause mortality (HR: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.77-0.94; <i>p</i> = 0.002) and CVD-specific mortality (HR: 0.71; 95% CI: 0.55-0.92; <i>p</i> = 0.001) compared to the low intake group. Kaplan-Meier survival curves revealed better survival probabilities in individuals with medium and high intake levels, with significant differences across groups (log-rank <i>p</i> < 0.005). Quantitatively, each 100g increase in MedHi foods was associated with 6% lower all-cause mortality (HR: 0.94; 95% CI: 0.90-0.99; <i>p</i> = 0.01) and 8% lower CVD mortality (HR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.84-1.00; <i>p</i> = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dietary live microbe intake is inversely associated with the prevalence of MetS and its key components, particularly low HDL-C, elevated TG, and elevated BP. In individuals with MetS, higher live microbe intake is associated with reduced all-cause and CVD-specific mortality. These findings suggest that dietary live microbes are a promising modifiable factor for MetS prevention and management, as well as for improving long-term survival outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1592969"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12069296/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143978307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Frontiers in NutritionPub Date : 2025-04-28eCollection Date: 2025-01-01DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1571971
Piao Chen, Jin Wang, Ling Liu, Xiaoling Liu
{"title":"Relationship between oxidative balance score and risk of sleep-related problems.","authors":"Piao Chen, Jin Wang, Ling Liu, Xiaoling Liu","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1571971","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1571971","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Current research predominantly emphasizes the impact of diet on sleep, while overlooking the role of oxidative effects influenced by lifestyle factors. The Oxidative Balance Score (OBS) provides a comprehensive measure of individual overall oxidative stress exposure, integrating 16 dietary nutrients and 4 lifestyle factors that affect oxidative processes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To explore the relationship between OBS and sleep-related problems, data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between 2005 and 2008 were utilized for cross-sectional analyses. OBS was calculated following previously validated methods. Sleep-related problems were assessed based on self-reported data, including sleep duration, sleep-onset latency, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), sleep problems and day sleepiness. Weighted logistic regression was applied to estimate OR and 95% CI. To examine potential nonlinear relationships between OBS and the risk of sleep-related problems, generalized additive models and two-part linear regression models were employed. Additionally, these models were used to identify points of inflection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Logistic regression analysis revealed an inverse association between OBS and the risk of insufficient sleep hours (OR = 0.98, 95% CI, 0.96 -0.99, p < 0.01). Generalized additive models and two-part linear regression models identified a nonlinear relationship between OBS and the risk of developing OSA and excessive sleep onset latency, with inflection points of 17.5 score and 10.5 score, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study showed an inverse linear relationship between OBS and the risk of insufficient sleep hours, alongside a nonlinear relationship between OBS and the risks of developing OSA and excessive sleep onset latency.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1571971"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12066617/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143984174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Frontiers in NutritionPub Date : 2025-04-28eCollection Date: 2025-01-01DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1533636
Huikai Liang, Kelun Pan, Jiayi Wang, Jianqing Lin
{"title":"Association between neutrophil percentage-to-albumin ratio and breast cancer in adult women in the US: findings from the NHANES.","authors":"Huikai Liang, Kelun Pan, Jiayi Wang, Jianqing Lin","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1533636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1533636","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>An increasing number of studies suggests an association between systemic inflammation, nutritional status, and cancer. However, the relationship between the prevalence of breast cancer (BC) and the neutrophil-percentage-to-albumin ratio (NPAR), a recently identified biomarker of inflammation, is not well established. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the relationship between BC risk and the NPAR.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 18,726 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between 2001 and 2018. The NPAR was used to assess inflammation and nutritional status. Statistical methods such as multivariate logistic regression, subgroup analysis, and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis were conducted to investigate the influence of NPAR on the prevalence of BC. In addition, propensity score matching was employed to further validate the findings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The logistic regression results showed that the prevalence of breast cancer is significantly associated with the NPAR (OR = 1.05; 95% CI = 1.02-1.09, <i>p</i> = 0.003). In comparison to participants in the lowest quartile, Q1, the prevalence of breast cancer increased by 5% for those in Q2 (<i>p</i> = 0.745), 3% for those in Q3 (<i>p</i> = 0.032), and 38% for those in Q4 (<i>p</i> = 0.018) with a higher NPAR. In addition, subgroup and RCS analyses showed that the NPAR and BC prevalence were positively correlated. Furthermore, a significant association was observed between the NPAR and marital status. The significance of traits was assessed using mean decrease accuracy (MDA) and mean decrease impurity (MDI). These measures of random forest modeling showed that NPAR is one of the major factors affecting the prevalence of BC. Furthermore, linear analysis demonstrated a correlation between a high NPAR and increased total testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A significant association was observed between a high NPAR and a higher prevalence of breast cancer, which could be attributable to sex hormone levels. This finding suggests that the NPAR may serve as a biomarker for BC in adult women in the US.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1533636"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12066505/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143992738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Association between the dietary index for gut microbiota and female infertility: a cross-sectional study of NHANES 2013-2018.","authors":"Xiaoyan Zhang, Liangzhi Wu, Haiyan Li, Shuyao Zhang, Wenfeng Hua","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1583805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1583805","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Infertility poses a substantial societal and economic burden; however, current preventive strategies are limited. Recently, the relationship between gut microbiota and infertility has garnered increasing attention. The dietary index for gut microbiota (DI-GM) is a new index that reflects the diversity of the gut microbiota. However, its association with female infertility remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 3,053 women aged 18-45 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database between 2013 and 2018. Infertility was defined based on responses to a questionnaire on reproductive health. The DI-GM score was calculated by averaging the intake from two 24-h dietary recall interviews. Weighted multivariable logistic regression, restricted cubic splines (RCS), and subgroup analyses were used to investigate the association between DI-GM and female infertility.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on self-reported data, 370 participants (12.12%) were classified as infertile. A higher proportion of participants with lower DI-GM scores experienced infertility. Multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated a negative association between DI-GM and the risk of female infertility, regardless of whether the independent variable was analyzed as a continuous variable or in quartiles in the fully adjusted model (Model 3, continuous variable: OR = 0.89, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.80-0.98, <i>p</i> = 0.025; Q4 <i>vs.</i> Q1: OR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.42-0.94, <i>p</i> = 0.032, <i>p</i> for trend = 0.013). The RCS curves demonstrated a non-linear relationship between the DI-GM scores and infertility risk. Subsequent subgroup analyses corroborated the robustness of these findings.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest a non-linear relationship between DI-GM and the risk of infertility in females, with lower DI-GM scores associated with a higher risk of infertility.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1583805"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12066596/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143961598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Frontiers in NutritionPub Date : 2025-04-28eCollection Date: 2025-01-01DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1579313
Guoqing Wang, Luojun Huang, Wenwen Yue, Jun Feng
{"title":"Joint and independent associations of dietary vitamin intake and prevalence of cardiovascular disease in chronic kidney disease subjects: a cross-sectional analysis.","authors":"Guoqing Wang, Luojun Huang, Wenwen Yue, Jun Feng","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1579313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1579313","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Currently, the joint and independent effects of intake of multiple dietary vitamins (including vitamin A, B1, B2, B6, B12, C, D, E, and K) on the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the chronic kidney disease (CKD) population are unclear, so this study was conducted to investigate mainly this point.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We collected National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 2011 to 2016. We performed weighted multivariate logistic regression models to analyze the association of single dietary vitamins intake with CVD. Additionally, we examined the co-exposure of nine dietary vitamins, defined as their concurrent intake, and evaluated the potential additive or interactive effects of co-exposure of nine dietary vitamins on CVD risk in CKD patients using Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Finally, 2,203 CKD participants (weighted <i>n</i> = 27,120,429) were included, and 622 had CVD, with a CVD prevalence of 28.2%. In the fully adjusted model, by comparing the third tertile with the first tertile, the adjusted OR [T3 vs. T1] for the effect of vitamin B6 on CVD prevalence was 0.67 (95% CI, 0.51-0.89, <i>p</i>-value = 0.01), while that of vitamin E was 0.61 (95% CI, 0.42-0.87, <i>p</i>-value = 0.01). In the WQS model, the intake of nine dietary vitamins was negatively correlated with CVD prevalence (OR: 0.81, 95% CI: 0.70-0.93, <i>p</i>-value = 0.004). In the BKMR model, when the concentration was between the 25th and 75th percentiles, there was an overall negative correlation between the total intake of nine dietary vitamins and CVD prevalence.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>High intakes of vitamin B6 and vitamin E were associated with low CVD risk in CKD patients, respectively. Additionally, nine dietary vitamins (vitamins A, B1, B2, B6, B12, C, D, E, and K) co-exposure were inversely correlated with the CVD prevalence in the CKD populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1579313"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12066483/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143997930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Frontiers in NutritionPub Date : 2025-04-28eCollection Date: 2025-01-01DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1559287
Fatima Habib, Salma Khazaal, Elie Bou Yazbeck, Espérance Debs, Suhair Sunoqrot, Nicolas Louka, Nada El Darra
{"title":"Adulteration and quality assessment of tomato paste: a study of the Lebanese market.","authors":"Fatima Habib, Salma Khazaal, Elie Bou Yazbeck, Espérance Debs, Suhair Sunoqrot, Nicolas Louka, Nada El Darra","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1559287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1559287","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Food adulteration has emerged as a significant global issue, impacting consumer health and fair-trade practices. This study aimed to evaluate the quality and potential adulteration with starch in tomato paste products available in the Lebanese market. A total of 41 local and imported tomato paste samples, without starch declarations, were collected from the Lebanese market and analyzed for starch usage and various quality parameters (total soluble solids, Bostwick consistency, viscosity, titratable acidity, color, and dry matter content), as well as compliance with Libnor and Codex Alimentarius standards. Results revealed that 37% of samples failed to meet starch usage standards, and 27% did not comply with the required total soluble solids (>24%), while all samples complied with acidity standards (<7%). Compliant samples had significantly higher values for total soluble solids, acidity, dry matter, and color compared to non-compliant ones (<i>p</i> < 0.01). A comparison of local and imported tomato paste products showed no significant differences in physicochemical properties, color, shelf life, or price, with parameters being similar across samples. Among local samples, 48% did not comply with the starch usage standard, and 26% failed to meet the required total soluble solids level. In contrast, imported samples adhered to starch usage standards, although 30% did not comply with TSS levels. This study highlights the prevalence of adulteration in local and imported tomato paste products in Lebanon and calls for further enforcement measures to ensure consumer protection and fair trade.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1559287"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12066644/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143961675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Frontiers in NutritionPub Date : 2025-04-28eCollection Date: 2025-01-01DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1560655
Junjiang Ye, Yandong Xie, Biao Ran, Ping Han
{"title":"Prognostic impact of nutritional indicators based on Lasso-Cox regression for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer.","authors":"Junjiang Ye, Yandong Xie, Biao Ran, Ping Han","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1560655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1560655","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is a lack of prognostic models to predict the outcomes of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) patients receiving Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) immunotherapy. Existing nutritional risk indicators, such as the prognostic nutritional index (PNI), geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) and Naples prognostic score (NPS), have demonstrated prognostic value in various malignancies. This study aimed to construct novel nutritional risk indexes (NRIs) using peripheral blood markers via Lasso-Cox regression and validate their prognostic value.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The electric medical records in our institution were searched and data of 525 NMIBC patients were collected. The Lasso-Cox regression was employed to screen preoperative blood biomarkers correlated with recurrence-free survival (RFS), time to BCG-treatment failure (TTF), and progression-free survival (PFS). NRIs were developed based on selected markers and validated against GNRI, PNI, NPS, and the EAU2021 risk model using Kaplan-Meier analysis, Cox regression, receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves, Concordance index (C-index) and Decision Curve analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Lasso-Cox regression identified distinct blood biomarkers: gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), serum total protein (TP), albumin and cholesterol were predictive of tumor recurrence and BCG failure, while GGT, TP, and coefficient variation of red blood cell volume distribution width were linked to tumor progression. Three NRIs-NRITR (RFS), NRIBF (TTF) and NRITP (PFS)-were constructed. The NRIs exhibited prognostic value through Kaplan-Meier analysis. Multivariate Cox analysis confirmed NRITR (HR = 0.38, 95%CI:0.28-0.53), NRIBF (HR = 0.45, 95%CI: 0.30-0.67), and NRITP (HR = 0.38, 95%CI: 0.21-0.69) as independent predictors. Nomograms incorporating NRIs demonstrated superior discriminative performance in predicting RFS (AUC = 0.739, C-index = 0.673), TTF (AUC = 0.795, C-index = 0.767), and PFS (AUC = 0.796, C-index = 0.788), and could bring more net benefit for NMIBC patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Lasso-Cox regression may offer superior value in selecting prognostic biomarkers for NMIBC. The Lasso-Cox regression based NRIs enhance prognostic stratification for BCG-treated NMIBC, outperforming existing blood-based nutritional risk indicators and the EAU2021 model. Incorporation of blood-based nutritional indicators into clinical practice could optimization of personalized NMIBC treatment strategies and clinical decision-making. Further validation is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1560655"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12066686/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143998138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}