Frontiers in Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Synergistic effects of a carbohydrate-controlled diet and <i>Cuminum cyminum</i> herbal infusion on metabolic syndrome.","authors":"Maria Aslam, Habib-Ur-Rehman, Tabussam Tufail, Yousaf Almehmadi, Wajd Abdullatif Abualamah, Abdullah R Alzahrani, Imran Shahid","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1623478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1623478","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a growing global health concern and a major risk factor for conditions such as diabetic nephropathy and atherosclerosis. It is marked by chronic inflammation, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia. Dietary interventions, including carbohydrate-controlled diets, have shown potential in improving metabolic outcomes. <i>Cuminum cyminum</i> (cumin), containing the bioactive compound cuminaldehyde, is known for its hypoglycemic and antioxidant properties.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the combined effect of a carbohydrate-controlled diet and cumin herbal infusion on metabolic and biochemical parameters in patients with metabolic syndrome.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A pre- and post-interventional study was conducted on 132 patients (aged 18-60 years) diagnosed with MetS based on the ATP III criteria. Participants were recruited from the University of Lahore Teaching Hospital (ULTH) through purposive sampling and were randomly assigned to control and intervention groups (<i>n</i> = 66 each). The intervention group (INEG) received a carbohydrate-controlled diet and cumin herbal infusion for 8 weeks. Anthropometric, biochemical, and physiological parameters were assessed at baseline and post-intervention. A two-way repeated measures ANOVA was used for statistical analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant improvements were observed in body mass index (BMI), body weight, and lipid profile parameters (<i>p</i> < 0.005). The intervention group showed notable reductions in triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and fasting blood glucose levels compared to the control group (CG).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A carbohydrate-controlled diet combined with cumin herbal infusion may support glycemic control and improve lipid metabolism in individuals with metabolic syndrome. This combined approach shows potential as an adjunct dietary strategy for managing cardiometabolic risk factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1623478"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12310444/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144759666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probiotic-derived postbiotics: a perspective on next-generation therapeutics.","authors":"Veilumuthu Pattapulavar, Sathiyabama Ramanujam, Bhagyashree Kini, John Godwin Christopher","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1624539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1624539","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The gut microbiome plays a fundamental role in regulating host immunity, metabolism, and overall health. Disruptions to this microbial ecosystem, known as dysbiosis, have been implicated in various conditions such as colorectal cancer, inflammatory bowel diseases, and metabolic syndromes. Although probiotics are widely used to restore microbial balance, their efficacy is often inconsistent due to variable colonization and concerns over antimicrobial resistance gene transfer. This review explores the growing body of literature surrounding postbiotics-bioactive metabolites produced by probiotics-as a promising alternative to live microbial therapy. We focus on key classes of postbiotics including exopolysaccharides, cell-free supernatants, short-chain fatty acids, and bacteriocins, summarizing their reported immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-cancer properties. We also highlight recent developments in formulation techniques, such as encapsulation, which enhance their stability and bioavailability. While current findings are promising, limitations persist, including variability in postbiotic composition and a lack of standardized clinical evaluations. Future research should aim to clarify their mechanisms of action, define optimal delivery strategies, and assess long-term safety. Overall, postbiotics present a sustainable, non-viable, and functionally rich alternative to probiotics, aligning with global health goals-Sustainable Development Goal 3 (Good Health and Well-being) and Sustainable Development Goal 9 (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure)-by offering safer, scalable, and effective therapeutic solutions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1624539"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12311805/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144759664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between triglyceride-glucose index and its obesity indicators with hypertension in postmenopausal women: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Bo Zhang, Daoli Jiang, He Ma, Huanxian Liu","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1623697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1623697","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study explored the association between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, combined with adiposity metrics, and hypertension prevalence in postmenopausal women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from 4,302 postmenopausal women in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999 to 2018. Multivariable adjusted logistic regression models and restricted cubic splines (RCS) were implemented to assess the dose-response relationship. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were employed to compare the diagnostic performance of the TyG index, TyG-body mass (TyG-BMI), TyG-waist circumference (TyG-WC), and TyG-waist-to-height ratio (TyG-WHtR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multivariable-adjusted analyses demonstrated that the TyG index and its obesity indicators are significantly associated with hypertension risk. The RCS curve exhibited a non-linear relationship between TyG-WHtR and hypertension (P for non-linearity = 0.026), whereas other indices showed linear associations. ROC analysis confirmed the superior discriminative ability of TyG-WHtR for hypertension (AUC = 0.643, 95% CI 0.625-0.660).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The TyG index and its combined obesity indicators, particularly TyG-WHtR, are strongly associated with hypertension risk in postmenopausal women. TyG-WHtR may serve as a valuable biomarker for targeted screening in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1623697"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12310447/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144759661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional attitudes of professional women volleyball players: a cross-sectional study from Türkiye.","authors":"Oktay Sahin, Vesile Sahiner Guler, Mehmet Behzat Turan, Keziban Yoka, Osman Yoka, Yahya Polat","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1579953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1579953","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nutritional habits are a critical factor influencing the performance and recovery of professional athletes. Understanding how demographic variables affect nutrition-related attitudes is essential for developing targeted interventions.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study examined the nutritional attitudes of professional female volleyball players in Türkiye based on various demographic characteristics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 386 licensed female volleyball players from the Turkish Women's Volleyball Super League, First League, and Second League. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and the Attitude Scale for Healthy Nutrition. Normality was assessed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and skewness-kurtosis values. Statistical analyses included <i>t</i>-tests, ANOVA, LSD <i>post-hoc</i> tests, and partial correlation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant differences in nutritional attitudes were found based on league level, smoking status, years of experience, and income level (<i>p</i> < 0.01). No significant differences were observed based on education level. Among the sub-dimensions, the malnutrition component showed no significant differences across most variables. Super League athletes scored significantly higher in nutritional knowledge and positive nutritional behaviors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The nutritional attitudes of professional volleyball players vary considerably according to key demographic factors. These findings highlight the importance of targeted nutrition education, particularly for lower-league athletes, to enhance performance and reduce disparities in nutritional knowledge.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1579953"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12310480/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144759662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk prediction model of frailty and its associated factors in older adults: a cross-sectional study in Anhui Province, China.","authors":"Xu Qin, Huan Liu, Xiubin Tao, Zhiqing Zhou, Guangliang Mei, Ming Zhang, Shengqiang Zou","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1611914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1611914","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In the context of aging in China, frailty has become a major public health challenge, placing an enormous economic burden on both society and families. Frailty can trigger serious adverse effects on the physical and mental health of older adults. It highlights the urgent requirement for addressing the issue of frailty among older adults. Accordingly, the present study was conducted to identify potential risk factors and develop a validated risk predictive model for frailty in older Chinese adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following a cross-sectional design, the present study selected participants from Anhui Province, China, using convenience sampling. Eligible data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, the Fatigue, Resistance, Ambulation, Illnesses, & Loss of Weight (FRAIL) scale, the strength, assistance walking, rise from a chair, climb stairs, and falls (SARC-F) scale, the social FRAIL scale, and the short-form mini-nutritional assessment (MNA-SF). Furthermore, a one-way analysis of variance and a multivariate analysis were utilized to identify the optimal predictive factors of the model. The logistic regression model was used to explore frailty-associated factors in older Chinese adults. Finally, a nomogram was constructed to establish the predictive model, with the application of calibration curves to evaluate the accuracy of the nomogram. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to evaluate the performance of prediction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our final analysis incorporated 1,611 older Chinese adults who completed the questionnaire, with the incidence of frailty found in 491 (30.5%) cases. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, sarcopenia, malnutrition, social frailty, and hospitalization within the past 6 months were predictors of frailty. Consequently, the resultant nomogram demonstrated good consistency and accuracy. The AUC values of the model and the internal validation set were 0.86 (95%CI: 0.84-0.89) and 0.89 (95%CI: 0.85-0.92), respectively (both <i>p</i> > 0.05 via the Hosmer-Lemeshow test). In addition, the calibration curve showed significant agreement between the nomogram predictions and the observed values. ROC and DCA analyses revealed good predictive performance of the nomogram.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study constructs a frailty risk predictive model with good consistency and predictive performance, facilitating an effective prediction of the onset of frailty among older Chinese adults. It may benefit the screening of high-risk populations and the implementation of early interventions clinically.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1611914"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12310452/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144759665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preoperative vitamin D deficiency and postoperative delirium risk: multicenter retrospective study.","authors":"Kuo-Chuan Hung, Ting-Sian Yu, Shu-Wei Liao, Yi-Chen Lai, Pei-Han Fu, Ping-Hsun Feng, I-Wen Chen","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1617670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1617670","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To assess the impact of preoperative vitamin D deficiency (VDD) on the risk of postoperative delirium (POD) in patients undergoing musculoskeletal surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cohort study utilized the TriNetX Healthcare Commercial Organizations database. We included patients aged 50 years or older who underwent musculoskeletal surgery requiring hospital admission. Patients were categorized according to their preoperative vitamin D levels into three groups: deficient (≤20 ng/mL), insufficient (21-29 ng/mL), and sufficient (≥30 ng/mL). The primary outcome was POD within 30 days of surgery. Secondary outcomes included risks of surgical site infections, emergency department (ED) visits, and intensive care unit (ICU) admissions. Risk factors for POD were assessed using multivariate logistic regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After matching, 6,218 pairs of vitamin D-deficient and sufficient patients were compared. VDD was related to a significantly higher risk of POD [1.0% vs. 0.5%; odds ratio (OR): 2.18, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.41-3.36, <i>p</i> < 0.001]. Vitamin D-deficient patients also had higher rates of ED visits (OR: 1.36, 95% CI: 1.18-1.57, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and ICU admissions (OR: 1.51, 95% CI: 1.19-1.91, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Similarly, vitamin D insufficiency (10,764 matched pairs) was associated a smaller but significant increase in delirium risk (OR: 1.49, 95%CI: 1.05-2.12, <i>p</i> = 0.023), along with increased ED visits (OR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.03-1.30, <i>p</i> = 0.013) and ICU admissions (OR: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.03-1.52, <i>p</i> = 0.0261), suggesting a dose-dependent relationship. Risk factor analysis revealed that advanced age, male sex, chronic kidney disease, and malnutrition were significant predictors of POD in patients with VDD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Individuals with VDD experienced a higher risk of POD, suggesting the potential benefits of preoperative vitamin D screening and supplementation as a strategy to improve outcomes in surgical patients. While our findings highlight the potential benefit of vitamin D assessment and optimization before surgery, the retrospective design limits the ability to draw causal inferences. Prospective interventional studies are warranted to determine whether treating VDD can meaningfully lower the risk of POD.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1617670"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12310456/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144759663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between oxidative balance score, depression, and survival among adult cancer survivors in the United States.","authors":"Qu Zhang, Yemei Wu, Qianyu Fan, Wenxi Zhou, Min Liu","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1622588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1622588","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Depression and oxidative balance score (OBS) are linked to disease risk, yet their combined effects on cancer survival remain unclear. This study assessed OBS, depression, and mortality in cancer survivors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Utilizing a prospective, population-based cohort design, this analysis enrolled 1,455 adult cancer survivors (age ≥20 years) through the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999 to 2018. The OBS was related to diet and exercise, and depression was self-reported. Depressive symptomatology was measured using the established Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) self-report questionnaire. Depression was defined as a total PHQ-9 score > 4, indicating the presence of depressive symptoms. A score ≤ 4 was considered to indicate no depression. Mortality outcomes (all-cause, cancer-specific, non-cancer) were tracked via the National Death Index through 2019. Cox models adjusted for demographics, socioeconomic status, and comorbidities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over 80-90 months, 329 deaths occurred (102 cancer-related). Higher OBS predicted reduced mortality (per-unit HR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.90-0.98). In OBS tertiles, Tertile 3 vs. Tertile 1 showed HR = 0.30 (95% CI: 0.14-0.63) for cancer mortality. Depression alone had no mortality association (HR = 1.24, 95% CI: 0.49-3.18). However, within the highest OBS tertile, depressed patients exhibited lower cancer mortality (HR = 0.18, 95% CI: 0.05-0.71) versus non-depressed counterparts.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Elevated OBS is protective in cancer survivors. Depression may paradoxically reduce mortality risk in high-OBS subgroups, suggesting nutrition-psychology interactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1622588"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12307194/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144752918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploratory study of the effect of DHA supplementation on blood fatty acids and inflammatory markers in children with MIS-C.","authors":"Elvira Verduci, Patrizia Risè, Giulia Fiore, Sara Vizzuso, Alice Bonomi, Dario Dilillo, Laura Fiori, Elisabetta Di Profio, Valeria Calcaterra, Savina Mannarino, Elena Zoia, Enza D'Auria, Angelo Sala, Gianvincenzo Zuccotti","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1597868","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1597868","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Children infected with SARS-CoV-2 may develop multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) 4-6 weeks after exposure. MIS-C is characterized by elevated markers of inflammation and low blood values of linoleic acid (LA), arachidonic acid (AA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) during acute phase. The aim of this pilot exploratory study was to assess the short-term beneficial impact on the blood fatty acid profile following DHA supplementation in children who have suffered from MIS-C.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty-two children aged 2-18 years with diagnosed MIS-C, were enrolled between December '20 and March '22. Blood samples were collected at hospital discharge (T0), and at 3 (T1) and 6 months (T2) post-discharge using dried blood spots for fatty acid analysis by gas chromatography. Inflammatory and metabolic blood markers were assessed at T0 and T2. All participants received healthy dietary advice throughout the study. In Group 1 23 consecutive patients received DHA supplementation (250 mg/day of DHA) from T0 to T1, followed by dietary advice alone until T2. In Group 2 29 children with MIS-C received only dietary advice throughout the observation period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>An altered inflammatory status, independent of treatment, was shown in all children compared to pediatric reference values. After intervention, Group 1 experienced a significant enrichment in both total n-6 and n-3 blood FAs when compared to baseline (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). Specifically, there was a significant increase of DHA (1.19 ± 0.25 at T0 vs. 2.67 ± 0.78 at T1) and EPA (0.32 ± 0.09 at T0 vs. 0.46 ± 0.10 at T1) levels, that remained consistent at T2 (<i>p</i> = 0.0002 and <i>p</i> < 0.0001, respectively). Within Group 2 only n-3 alpha linolenic acid (ALA) significantly increased at T1 compared to baseline (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The total increase in n-3 after intervention (ΔT1-T0) was significantly higher in Group 1 compared to Group 2 [1.90(0.9) vs. 0.49(0.8), <i>p</i> < 0.0001 and <i>p</i> _adj = 0.005]. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and IL-6 showed a better tendency toward normalization in Group 1, although without statistical significance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This pilot study is the first to explore the potential effects of DHA supplementation in children with MIS-C. DHA was associated with improvements in the blood fatty acid profile, which persisted beyond the supplementation period, and showed a trend toward normalization of selected biochemical parameters. Further adequately powered, controlled studies are needed to confirm these observations and to evaluate the potential role of early n-3 PUFA supplementation during the stable and recovery phases in critically ill pediatric patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1597868"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12307189/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144752902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary intervention with Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharides mitigates cadmium liver toxicity: a gut-liver axis perspective.","authors":"Qiannan Di, Huimin Zhou, Huifang Chen, Xiaowei Wang, Xiao Huang","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1583652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1583652","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cadmium (Cd) contamination in food chains poses a global health threat, necessitating safe and effective dietary interventions. While polysaccharides are emerging as detoxifying agents, the role of Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharides (PSP) in Cd-induced liver injury remains unexplored. This study established a female rat model of cadmium (Cd)-induced liver toxicity with PSP supplementation (125 mg/kg/day) for 8 weeks. The effect of PSP on Cd-induced hepatotoxicity was evaluated through histopathological assessment, biochemical analysis, and measurements of Cd levels in the liver and kidneys. Metabolomics and gut microbiota analysis further explored the hepatoprotective mechanisms. Results demonstrated that PSP significantly reduced serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels in Cd-exposed rats, improved hepatic steatosis, and increased intestinal villi height. PSP decreased Cd accumulation in both the liver and kidney, enhanced intestinal barrier function, promoted the growth of beneficial bacteria (<i>Lactobacillus</i>), and modulated the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). These effects contribute to the alleviation of Cd-induced hepatic dysfunction and metabolic disorders, including pathways such as riboflavin metabolism, steroid hormone biosynthesis, nucleotide metabolism, purine metabolism, and 2-oxocarboxylic acid metabolism. In conclusion, PSP demonstrates potential as a functional dietary intervention for alleviating Cd-induced hepatotoxicity. This study advocates for PSP as a novel nutraceutical for mitigating dietary Cd toxicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1583652"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12307375/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144752900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Triglyceride glucose-body mass index is associated with diabetic kidney disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients without non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.","authors":"Yafen Chu, Hongping Yao, Ni Lu, Yu Chang, Jumei Wang, Linlin Xu, Bing Song, Songtao Feng, Hui Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1628867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1628867","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI) is correlated not only to the onset of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) associated with nutrition (including glucose and triglyceride) metabolism but also incorporates body mass index (BMI), potentially serving as an indicator of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). But, the links between TyG-BMI and DKD in individuals with and without NAFLD remains further exploration. Therefore, this present research aims to investigate the relationship between TyG-BMI and DKD in these patient groups and to evaluate its diagnostic value for DKD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 425 individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were categorized into the DKD group or the Control group. Clinical indicators were compared in these two groups, and the relationships between TyG-BMI and either the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) or the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) were examined. Risk factors for DKD were examined, and the diagnostic value of TyG-BMI was assessed in patients without and with NAFLD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to 288 participants without DKD, 137 individuals with DKD exhibited higher TyG-BMI levels. In all individuals with T2DM, a higher TyG-BMI was recognized as a contributing factor to the development of DKD. Notably, this association was observed in patients without NAFLD, while no such link was established in those diagnosed with NAFLD. For T2DM patients lacking NAFLD, the TyG-BMI threshold of 49.2415 demonstrated a sensitivity of 91.3% and a specificity of 70.1%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Increased TyG-BMI values are associated with a higher risk of DKD and could act as potential indicators of DKD in individuals with T2DM.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1628867"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12307136/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144752919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}