Frontiers in Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Enhancing yield and quality: research and practice of agro-forest waste for <i>Lentinus edodes</i> (shiitake mushroom) cultivation.","authors":"Hongyan Xu, Guocai Han, Yanyan Li, Qing Meng, Yang Zhang, Yayi Wang, Songling Li","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1538039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1538039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Current research primarily focuses on exploring and developing innovative substrates for cultivating <i>Lentinus edodes</i>, aiming to address substrate shortages and the continuous rise in production costs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study uses <i>Quercus</i> (oak) sawdust (OS) as a control to evaluate the potential of <i>Korshinsk peashrub</i> (KP), <i>Hippophae rhamnoides</i> (seabuckthorn) pruning (HRP), and <i>Lycium barbarum</i> (goji) pruning (LBP) in the cultivation of <i>L. edodes</i> by measuring parameters such as mycelium growth, yield, protein, fat, fiber, amino acids, soluble sugars, and organic acids. Furthermore, principal component analysis and official script function analysis were used to investigate the influence of the matrix formula ratio on the nutritional values of shiitake mushrooms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results showed that the average duration to complete stages 2 and 3 of mycelial growth on 10% KP substrates significantly decreased compared to the OS group by 11.0 and 10.7 days, respectively. The weight of mushrooms produced from all agro-forest waste substrates was significantly lower than that of the control group, decreasing by 18.96 to 53.88%. The average mushroom weight for KP groups ranged from 235.37 g/kg to 252.27 g/kg, which was statistically higher than that of the LBP treatments, which ranged from 143.56 g/kg to 165.96 g/kg. However, the protein content in the 10% LBP and 10% HRP groups was significantly higher than that of the control, with increases of 4.69 and 12.89%, respectively, and fiber content also improved, increasing by 3.98 to 12.59%. Furthermore, the content of sweet-tasting amino acids in the 10% KP and 20% KP groups significantly increased compared to the OS group (by 34.86 and 144.92%, respectively). The 30% LBP and 10% KP-10% LBP-10% HRP groups exhibited higher glucose values compared to the OS (increased by 118.71 and 72.26%, respectively). Interestingly, the addition of LBP and KP to the substrates promoted the synthesis of acetic acid in shiitake mushrooms, while this organic acid was not detected in the OS. In summary, shiitake mushrooms cultured in 20% KP, 10% LBP, or 10% KP-10% LBP-10% HRP demonstrated significantly better overall performance.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This approach not only reduces operational costs by at least 1,680 RMB but also contributes to environmental sustainability by diverting 2,400 kg of agro-forest waste from landfills. Consequently, the utilization of agroforestry waste serves as an effective strategy not only for environmental protection and cost reduction during mushroom production but also for enhancing the nutritional value of shiitake mushrooms. This, in turn, helps combat malnutrition and contributes to national food security.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1538039"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11961442/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143771894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative analysis of nutritional content changes in six Chinese cuisines prepared using industrial versus traditional hand-cooked modes.","authors":"Xuan Wang, Jun Li, Xiaomeng Wu, Sai Fan, Zhu Wang, Yunfeng Zhao, Jingguang Li, Dawei Chen","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1567196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1567196","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>With the rise of industrialized dishes, the quality differences between industrial and traditional hand-cooked modes are a major concern for the food industry and consumers. This study examined the nutrient content variations in Chinese cuisines between these two cooking modes, addressing a crucial research gap.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To account for moisture changes during cooking, water content in both raw ingredients and cooked dishes was adjusted, and nutrients were reported on a dry matter basis. The changes in nutrient content pre- and post-cooking were assessed by calculating the relative percentage of nutrient content in the cooked dishes in comparison to their levels in the raw ingredients. An independent <i>t</i>-test was employed to assess the significance of differences in the changes in nutrient content between industrial and traditional hand-cooked modes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Macronutrient levels remained relatively stable, with changes of less than 20% across most dishes for both cooking methods, with some exceptions noted. Fat-soluble vitamins A and D exhibited minor fluctuations, ranging from 2.6 to 39.4%, while vitamin E levels consistently increased. In contrast, water-soluble vitamins, specifically B1, B2, B3, and B6, experienced substantial decreases across all examined dishes. The fatty acid profiles were consistent with the fat content, and mineral content demonstrated a moderate increase under both cooking conditions. An inter-group <i>t</i>-test indicated no significant differences in nutrient content changes between the two cooking modes (<i>p</i> > 0.05), except for vitamin B6 retention, which was significantly lower in traditional hand-cooked modes compared to industrial modes (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Among the six Chinese cuisines analyzed, the changes in nutrient content did not significantly differ between industrial and traditional cooking methods, with the notable exception of vitamin B6 retention. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of how different cooking techniques impact the nutritional value of food, providing valuable insights for dietary decision-making and food processing technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1567196"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11961429/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143771953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergic value of 3D CT-derived body composition and triglyceride glucose body mass for survival prognostic modeling in unresectable pancreatic cancer.","authors":"Kangjing Xu, Xinbo Wang, Changsheng Zhou, Junbo Zuo, Chenghao Zeng, Pinwen Zhou, Li Zhang, Xuejin Gao, Xinying Wang","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1499188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1499188","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Personalized and accurate survival risk prognostication remains a significant challenge in advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), despite extensive research on prognostic and predictive markers. Patients with PDAC are prone to muscle loss, fat consumption, and malnutrition, which is associated with inferior outcomes. This study investigated the use of three-dimensional (3D) anthropometric parameters derived from computed tomography (CT) scans and triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI) in relation to overall survival (OS) outcomes in advanced PDAC patients. Additionally, a predictive model for 1 year OS was developed based on body components and hematological indicators.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on 303 patients with locally advanced PDAC or synchronous metastases undergoing first-line chemotherapy, all of whom had undergone pretreatment abdomen-pelvis CT scans. Automatic 3D measurements of subcutaneous and visceral fat volume, skeletal muscle volume, and skeletal muscle density (SMD) were assessed at the L3 vertebral level by an artificial intelligence assisted diagnosis system (HY Medical). Various indicators including TyG-BMI, nutritional indicators [geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) and prealbumin], and inflammation indicators [(C-reactive protein (CRP) and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR)] were also recorded. All patients underwent follow-up for at least 1 year and a dynamic nomogram for personalized survival prediction was constructed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 211 advanced PDAC patients [mean (standard deviation) age, 63.4 ± 11.2 years; 89 women (42.2) %)]. Factors such as low skeletal muscle index (SMI) (<i>P</i> = 0.011), high visceral to subcutaneous adipose tissue area ratio (VSR) (<i>P</i> < 0.001), high visceral fat index (VFI) (<i>P</i> < 0.001), low TyG-BMI (<i>P</i> = 0.004), and low prealbumin (<i>P</i> = 0.001) were identified as independent risk factors associated with 1 year OS. The area under the curve of the established dynamic nomogram was 0.846 and the calibration curve showed good consistency. High-risk patients (> 211.9 points calculated using the nomogram) had significantly reduced survival rates.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this study, the proposed nomogram model (with web-based tool) enabled individualized prognostication of OS and could help to guide risk-adapted nutritional treatment for patients with unresectable PDAC or synchronous metastases.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1499188"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11961436/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143771950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between plain water intake and the risk of osteoporosis among middle-aged and elderly people in the United States: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Xudong Wang, Meng Wang, Zijian Guo, Chuan Xiang","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1527771","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1527771","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The connection between plain water intake (PWI) and osteoporosis risk is still unclear. The investigation aimed to identify the relationship between PWI and osteoporosis risk in middle-aged and elderly individuals in the United States (US).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted among participants aged 50 years and older in the following waves of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES): 2007-2008, 2009-2010, 2013-2014, and 2017-2018. The relationship between PWI and osteoporosis risk was examined by multivariable logistic regression models, accompanied by subgroup analyses and interaction tests. Smooth curve fitting and threshold effect analysis were utilized.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The present investigation included 6,686 participants. In accordance with the fully adjusted model, individuals in the highest PWI tertile had a significantly reduced risk of osteoporosis in contrast to those in the lowest tertile [odds ratio (OR) = 0.62; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.49-0.77; <i>P</i> for trend<0.001]. After adjusting for all covariates, a higher PWI was linked to a decreased risk of osteoporosis (OR = 0.92; 95% CI: 0.86-0.98; <i>p</i> = 0.008). No significant interactions were detected in the subgroup analyses for age, gender, race, body mass index, diabetic history, hypertension status, smoking history, consumption of prednisone or cortisone, or moderate or strenuous activity (all <i>P</i> for interaction>0.05). Smooth curve fitting and threshold effect analysis revealed that when PWI was less than 1,220 mL/day, there was a significant negative connection between PWI and osteoporosis risk (OR = 0.79; 95% CI: 0.70-0.89; <i>p</i> < 0.001); nevertheless that association was not significant when PWI was greater than 1,220 mL/day (OR = 1.06; 95% CI: 0.95-1.17; <i>p</i> = 0.288).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The outcomes of our investigation indicated that among middle-aged and older US adults, a higher PWI was connected with a moderately reduced osteoporosis risk. Managing PWI might reduce the osteoporosis risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1527771"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11958219/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interaction between the <i>TCF7L2</i> gene and dietary intake on metabolic syndrome risk factors among Saudi Arabian adults.","authors":"Maha S Al-Odinan, Najlaa M Aljefree, Noha M Almoraie, Marwan A Bakarman, Hani A Alhadrami, Israa M Shatwan","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1513088","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1513088","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Transcription factor-7-like 2 (<i>TCF7L2</i>) is the most critical type 2 diabetes (T2D) gene identified to date. The single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs7903146 in <i>TCF7L2</i> in T2D interacts with dietary factors; however, research on nutrigenetics among Saudi Arabians is limited. This study investigated the interaction between the SNP rs7903146 and dietary intake on factors that may contribute to MetS among Saudi Arabian adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 271 adult participants (aged 20-55 years) of both genders with or without overweight or obesity (body mass index between 18-35 kg/m²). Anthropometric measurements and dietary assessments using a food frequency questionnaire were performed. Fasting blood samples were collected to analyze serum lipid, glucose, and insulin levels. Genetic analysis was performed using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Univariate regression was used to examine the association between the <i>TCF7L2</i> SNP rs7903146 and laboratory parameters, and to test SNP-diet interactions. The additive model was used in the analysis and the T allele was the effect allele.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A marginal significant association was observed between SNP rs7903146 and waist circumference (WC) (<i>p</i> = 0.05). Carriers of TT genotype had the highest WC (83.5 ± 20.1 cm), when compared with the CC genotype (80 ± 14.2 cm) and the TC genotype (77.9 ± 13.9 cm). The SNP rs7903146 was significantly associated with total energy intake (<i>p</i> = 0.04) and saturated fatty acids (SFA, <i>p</i> = 0.005), and TT carriers had the highest total energy and SFA consumption (3606.9 ± 1554.7 kcal, 66.8 ± 52.0 g, respectively). Only one near significant interaction was observed between SNP rs7903146 and total energy intake on insulin levels (<i>p</i> = 0.04), with carriers of the TT genotype showed a greater reduction in insulin values (-5.3 ± 3.5) at lower energy intake when compared with the CC (-2.4 ± 3.1), and TC (-4.7 ± 2.8). No significant interaction was found.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study observed significant associations between SNP rs7903146 and total energy and SFA consumptions. The TT carriers had increased consumption of total energy and SFA. Future studies using larger sample sizes are required to confirm significant interaction between SNP rs7903146 and diet on factors that may contribute to MetS in the Saudi population.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1513088"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11960299/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined analysis of proteomics and metabolism reveals critical roles of oxidoreductase activity in mushrooms stimulated by wolfberry and sea buckthorn substrates.","authors":"Yuan Zhao, Hongying Li, Youhua Yao, Qing Wei, Tilong Hu, Xia Li, Boxu Zhu, Hailing Ma","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1543240","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1543240","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cultivating edible fungi, particularly <i>Lentinula edodes</i>, efficiently transforms agroforestry byproducts into valuable products. However, the mechanism of the promotive effects of those substrates was largely unknown. This study used wolfberry (WB) and sea buckthorn (SBK) substrates to investigate mushroom fruiting bodies' physiological, proteomics, and metabolism profiling.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results show that compared to apple wood (AW), the crude protein and fatty acids were substantially enhanced by both WB and SBK treatment. We identified 1409 and 1190 upregulated and downregulated differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) for the SBK versus AW group and observed 929 overlapped DAPs with upregulation patterns. Of these DAPs, carbohydrates and oxidoreductase activity pathways were significantly enriched. Moreover, the enhanced expression of nine genes by WB and SBK was confirmed by qPCR. Metabolism suggests that 66 differentially abundant metabolites overlapped in the list of two comparison groups (WB versus AW and SBK versus AW).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Collectively, we summarized that both WB and SBK stimulate glucose degradation, enhance the expression of gene-related oxidoreductase activity, and promote protein biosynthesis by coordinating with amino acid metabolism. This study highlights the importance of oxidoreductase activity in promoting nutritional value in mushroom fruiting bodies induced by WB and SBK substrates.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1543240"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11958190/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of bio-processing treatments on the nutritional and anti-diabetic enzyme inhibitory properties of black wheat, barnyard millet, and black soybean.","authors":"Krati Goel, Archana Kushwaha, Anuradha Dutta, Satish Kumar Sharma, Navin Chandra Shahi, Dinesh Chandra Joshi, Anuradha Bhartiya, Pranshi Gupta","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1554993","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1554993","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The present study assessed the impact of different bio-processing treatments on the <i>in vitro</i> protein digestibility (IVPD) and inhibitory properties against <i>α</i>-amylase and α-glucosidase of whole grains <i>viz.</i> black wheat (BW), barnyard millet (BM), and black soybean (BS) using at initial optimized conditions including soaking and germination.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Nutritional analysis of grains was done using standard AOAC methods and <i>in vitro</i> models were used for assessing the anti-diabetic properties.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nutritional analysis of the grains revealed significant differences in various parameters. BS having higher levels of moisture, ash, crude protein, crude fat, and physiological energy value compared to BM and BW. Optimization of soaking (0-24 h) and germination (0-72 h) times showed significant improvements in <i>in-vitro</i> protein digestibility (IVPD), trypsin inhibitory activity (TIU/mg), and glycemic index (GI) across all samples. Considering the management of hyperglycemia, BW and BM do not require any prior processing to be utilized for the development of food products. However, for BS, soaking followed by germination for 48 h proved to be an effective processing, that resulted in an IVPD of 68.706% and a GI of 51.03, with a TIU/mg of 23.166. Soaking reduced <i>α</i>-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition, while germination increased inhibitory activity significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings highlighted the potential benefits of incorporating BW, BM, and BS into the diet for enhanced nutrient intake and better management of hyperglycemia considering the GI and inhibitory activity of <i>α</i>-amylase, α-glucosidase, and trypsin enzymes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1554993"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11958230/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors influencing changes in body composition and nutritional status in patients with hyperacute stroke: prospective study.","authors":"Hiroshi Irisawa, Tomoyuki Nakamura, Yumi Chiba, Mitsuki Hirota, Hajime Hoshiai, Takashi Mizushima","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1548796","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1548796","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Muscle loss not only reduce the effectiveness of the recovery period of rehabilitation after stroke but also prolongs the length of hospital stay. Therefore, it is crucial to maintain muscle mass during the hyperacute phase of stroke. We aimed to investigate the factor that influence changes in muscle mass and quality in patients with hyperacute stroke by using a body composition analyzer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Body composition assessment was performed on 156 patients admitted to the stroke care unit at the time of admission and 1 week later. Additionally, associations between rehabilitation intervention time, nutritional dosage and administration method, and stroke severity were examined to which factors were affecting body composition.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Muscle mass and quality significantly decreased in both men (SMI: 7.41 ± 1.26 to 7.22 ± 1.23 kg/m², <i>p</i> < 0.005, phA: 5.5 ± 1.24 to 5.31 ± 1.29 degree, <i>p</i> < 0.005) and women (SMI: 6.04 ± 1.30 to 5.08 ± 1.20 kg/m2, <i>p</i> < 0.005, phA: 4.58 ± 0.85 to4.18 ± 0.82 degree, <i>p</i> < 0.005)1 week after admission. Rehabilitation intervention time [odds ratio (OR) = 2.12; 95% CI: 1.28-4.47, <i>p</i> = 0.01], and high calorie dosage (OR = 1.53; 95% CI: 1.14-3.21, <i>p</i> = 0.03) significantly reduced the loss of muscle mass. However, stroke severity did not affect variations in body composition.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Deterioration in muscle mass and quality was observed during the hyperacute phase of stroke. The risk of muscle mass loss may be reduced with appropriate rehabilitation intervention and diet therapy from the early stage of hospitalization. Therefore, providing early rehabilitation intervention and nutritional management in the hospitalization phase are important to improve treatment effectiveness. In hyperacute stroke treatment, rehabilitation and nutritional administration should be provided as early as possible.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000053017, identifier UMIN-CTR UMIN000046467.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1548796"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11958200/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Handgrip weakness and overall life satisfaction decline: derivation of cutoff values and analysis of sex differences in older Chinese adults.","authors":"Liangyu Yin, Lan Zhong","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1537818","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1537818","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Handgrip strength (HGS) is a cost-effective indicator of skeletal muscle function. However, the sex-specific association between HGS and life satisfaction decline among older Chinese adults remains largely unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This observational, cross-sectional multicenter study included 3,649 older adults (age range: 60-101 years) from a nationally representative survey in China. Overall life satisfaction was determined using a life satisfaction score (LSS). Correlations between variables were examined using a Spearman's correlation analysis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were utilized to determine the HGS cutoffs for predicting a decline in LSS. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis and multivariate logistic regression were employed to investigate the associations between low HGS and LSS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study included 1,762 women and 1,887 men (median age = 68.3 years). LSS decline was observed in 485 (13.3%) participants. HGS was positively correlated with LSS in both men and women (both <i>P</i> < 0.05). Individuals with low HGS were associated with a higher rate of LSS decline (16.2% vs. 10.8%, <i>P</i> < 0.001). RCS analysis demonstrated a linear-like association between HGS and life satisfaction in men (<i>P</i> < 0.001, <i>P</i> nonlinear = 0.099), but not in women (<i>P</i> = 0.110, <i>P</i> nonlinear = 0.329). ROC analysis revealed that the optimal HGS cutoff for indicating the presence of LSS was 27.5 kg for men and 22.3 kg for women. Multivariable analysis showed that participants with low HGS had higher odds of experiencing a decline in LSS [odds ratios (OR) = 1.509, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.218-1.867]. This association was observed only in men (OR = 1.871, 95% CI = 1.358-2.562, <i>P</i> < 0.001), while it was attenuated in women (OR = 1.281, 95% CI = 0.964-1.701, <i>P</i> = 0.087).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study establishes sex-specific cutoffs of HGS for identifying a decline in LSS among older Chinese adults. Low HGS is positively associated with LSS decline among men in a linear-like manner, but not among women. These findings might facilitate the development of strategies to promote healthy aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1537818"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11958193/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coenzyme Q10 modulates the immunity by enhancing mononuclear macrophage, NK cell activity, and regulating gut microbiota.","authors":"Yajun Liang, Yang Han, Ling Xiao, Yupeng Su, Tongen Bao, Xia Ji, Longgang Jia, Jing Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1504831","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1504831","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), an important fat-soluble, bioactive molecule that predominantly found in the inner mitochondrial membrane, is widely used in functional food and health food raw materials, which has garnered considerable attention due to its potential role in immunoregulation. However, the intrinsic mechanism of CoQ10 on immunity, and the relationship to the gut microbiota have not been elucidated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Here, we conducted a series of <i>in vivo</i> experiments with the aim of comprehensively exploring the effect of CoQ10 on both cellular and humoral immune functions, and on gut microbiota communities in mice.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CoQ10 showed negligible impact on both mouse body weight fluctuations and tissue indices, but enhanced the mouse body immunity by elevating the carbon clearance ability and natural killer (NK) cellular viability. 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that administration of CoQ10 modulated the structure and composition of the gut microbiota in mice, notably by enhancing the abundance of <i>Lactobacillus, Limosilactobacillus</i>, and decreasing the abundance of <i>Paramuribaculum</i> species.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This work makes a contribution to the application of CoQ10 as an immunomodulator in the biological, pharmaceutical and health care product industries.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1504831"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11955478/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143751895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}