Frontiers in Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Association between visceral adiposity index and osteoarthritis in U.S. adults aged 50 and older: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Zitian Wang, Guang Peng, Yuquan Jiang, Jintao Qu, Fengfu Wu","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1542937","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1542937","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Existing evidence linking visceral adiposity index (VAI) to osteoarthritis (OA) remains limited and requires further investigation. This study aimed to evaluate the potential relationship between higher VAI scores and an increased risk of OA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from 9,464 participants aged 50 and older, sourced from the 2011 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The VAI was categorized into three tertiles, with the first tertile (T1) representing the lowest VAI and third tertile (T3) the highest. Weighted logistic regression was employed to examine the association between VAI and OA. To explore potential non-linear relationships, smoothed curve fitting and threshold effect analyses were performed. Subgroup analyses were performed to validate these findings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average age of the study population was 63.16 ± 9.05 years, and 47.22% were male. After adjusting for confounding factors, a statistically significant positive correlation was observed between VAI and OA risk (OR = 1.03, 95% CI: 1.01-1.06, <i>P</i> < 0.01). Participants in the highest VAI tertile exhibited a 35% greater likelihood of developing OA compared to those in the lowest tertile (OR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.06-1.70, <i>P</i> = 0.015). Furthermore, multivariate restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression analysis revealed a non-linear relationship (non-linear <i>P</i> < 0.05) with a threshold effect at a VAI value of 3.9. Subgroup analyses showed no significant interaction effects (all <i>P</i>-values for interaction > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights a significant association between elevated VAI and an increased risk of developing OA in individuals aged 50 and older. These results emphasize the potential of the VAI as a risk factor for OA and warrant further research to explore its role in prevention and management strategies in older populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1542937"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12108137/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144157794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic value of postoperative decrease of albumin (ΔAlb) in combination with GLIM-defined malnutrition for the prediction of postoperative outcomes in rectal cancer patients with normal preoperative albumin levels.","authors":"Chong-Jun Zhou, Ke-Yu Ling, Jun Fang, Meng-Fan Ye, Meng-Li Liu, Jia-Can Chen, Chen-Guo Zheng, Shao-Tang Li","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1542581","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1542581","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to explore the prognostic value of ΔAlb in combination with malnutrition for postoperative outcomes in rectal cancer patients with normal preoperative albumin levels.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective study of patients undergoing proctectomy for rectal cancer at our department between January 2013 and April 2019. Malnutrition was defined according to the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria. A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to determine the cut-off values for ΔAlb. Univariate and multivariate analyses evaluating the risk factors for postoperative complications and ΔAlb were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 526 patients were enrolled in this study. ∆Alb was significantly associated with postoperative complications in patients with normal preoperative albumin levels (AUC = 0.651, <i>p</i> < 0.001), but was not in patients with hypoalbuminemia (<i>p</i> = 0.808). The optimal cut-off value was established at 16%. ∆ALB ≥ 16% and malnutrition were both independent risk factors for postoperative complications with an odds ratio (OR) of 2.179 and 1.730, respectively. When combined then together, the OR would reach to 3.779. On the other hand, low muscle mass (OR = 2.058, <i>p</i> < 0.001), tumor location in the lower third (OR = 2.909, <i>p</i> < 0.001), and surgical duration ≥ 180 min (OR = 1.659, <i>p</i> = 0.01) were identified as independent risk factors associated with ∆ALB.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ΔAlb in combination with GLIM-defined malnutrition would enhance the predictive value for postoperative outcomes in rectal cancer patients with normal preoperative albumin levels, and it is necessary to conduct a nutritional assessment for then.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1542581"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12105996/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144157817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral supplement in healthy older adults to support physical fitness and mental wellbeing.","authors":"Amanda J Lloyd, Robert J Nash, Alina Warren-Walker, Alison Watson, Mj Pilar Martinez Martin, Courtney Davies, Bernardo Villarreal-Ramos, Thomas Wilson, Manfred Beckmann","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1563999","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1563999","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cucumbers have been anecdotally credited with anti-inflammatory properties. IdoBR1 [(2<i>R</i>,3<i>R</i>,4<i>R</i>,5<i>S</i>)-3,4,5-trihydroxypiperidine-2-carboxylic acid], an iminosugar amino acid isolated from the fruits of certain cucumbers (<i>Cucumis sativus, Cucurbitaceae</i>), has been demonstrated to possess anti-inflammatory activity. Q-actin™ is a quality-controlled cucumber extract containing measured idoBR1, which has shown promising results in the treatment of osteoarthritis through oral administration.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A healthy middle-aged and older adult population was recruited and randomized to receive either Q-actin™ (2 × gummies containing 10 mg Q-actin™ daily) or matched placebo gummies for 12 weeks. Physical strength and finger dexterity were assessed using hand grip strength and the Nine-Hole Peg Test, respectively. We evaluated diet choices with the Prime Diet Quality Score and sleep quality with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and collected first-morning urine samples for chemical composition analysis using Flow Infusion Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (FIE-MS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We recruited a cohort of 47 healthy middle-aged and older adults (ages 50-78; 15 men and 32 women). FIE-MS analysis on urines was conducted and we tentatively identified elevated melatonin derivatives after Q-actin™ supplementation, suggesting a positive effect on sleep quality, which correlated with self-reported Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. The relative <i>m/z</i>-transition areas of melatonin and its two main biotransformation products in selected urine samples after Q-actin™ supplementation were confirmed following LC-MS/MS fragmentation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Q-actin™ demonstrated potential benefits in a healthy middle-aged and older adult population by improving sleep quality, as evidenced by elevated melatonin derivatives identified in urine samples and self-reported improvements on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and improved finger dexterity. These findings support the hypothesis that Q-actin™ may have positive effects on overall wellbeing, as shown here in healthy older people, and could be rated to enhanced sleep quality.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>ISRCTN registry ISRCTN28705061 and clinicaltrials.gov/ NCT05878847.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1563999"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12104766/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144149924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adherence to <i>a priori</i> and a posteriori dietary patterns and risk of Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.","authors":"Rong Zhang, Long Shu, Qin Zhu, Nan Li","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1600955","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1600955","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although studies have reported the associations between certain dietary patterns and the risk of Parkinson's disease, these findings are limited and inconclusive. Herein, we carried out a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies to search for the associations between <i>a priori</i> and a posteriori dietary patterns and the risk of developing Parkinson's disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure from database inception to January 2025 to clarify eligible observational studies investigating the links between whole dietary patterns and risk of Parkinson's disease. Combined relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for the highest versus lowest categories of dietary patterns in relation to Parkinson's disease risk. The Cochran's <i>Q</i> test and <i>I</i>-squared (<i>I²</i> ) statistic were used to assess statistical heterogeneity among the included studies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 11 studies (five cohort, three case-control, and 3 cross-sectional studies) with 326,751 participants and 2,524 cases were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled analyses showed that adherence to the Mediterranean diet, healthy dietary index, and healthy dietary pattern were associated with a decreased risk of Parkinson's disease (RR = 0.87; 95%CI: 0.78-0.97, <i>p</i> = 0.017; RR = 0.76; 95%CI: 0.65-0.91, <i>p</i> = 0.002; RR = 0.76; 95%CI: 0.62-0.93; <i>p</i> = 0.007, respectively). Additionally, the results showed that high adherence to the Western dietary pattern was associated with an increased risk of Parkinson's disease (RR = 1.54; 95%CI: 1.10-2.15; <i>p =</i> 0.011).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overall, our results demonstrate that adherence to the Mediterranean diet, a healthy dietary index, and a healthy dietary pattern were associated with a reduced risk of Parkinson's disease, while the Western dietary pattern was linked to an increased risk of Parkinson's disease. Further well-designed prospective studies and randomized controlled trials are required to confirm these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1600955"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12105580/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144150060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Propolis supplementation on inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Hossein Bahari, Mostafa Shahraki Jazinaki, Mohsen Aliakbarian, Mohammad Rashidmayvan, Haniyeh Golafrouz, Iman Rahnama, Rozita Khodashahi, Mahsa Malekahmadi","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1542184","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1542184","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although a large number of trials have observed the anti-inflammatory properties of propolis, the currently available research remains controversial regarding its beneficial health effects. Hence, the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of propolis on inflammatory and oxidative stress markers in adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive search was performed in Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed/Medline to find relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) until January 2024. The overall effect sizes were calculated using the random-effects model and expressed as weighted mean differences (WMD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). The possible heterogeneity between included trials was assessed by performing Cochran's Q test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 27 trials with 29 treatment arms were eligible for inclusion in this review. This meta-analysis revealed that propolis consumption led to a significant decrease in C-reactive protein (CRP) (WMD: -1.23; 95%CI: -1.76, -0.69; <i>p</i> < 0.001), Interleukin-6 (IL-6) (WMD: -1.52; 95%CI: -2.10, -0.93; <i>p</i> < 0.001), Tumor necrosis factor-α (WMD: -1.15; 95%CI: -1.75, -0.55; <i>p</i> < 0.001), and Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) (WMD: -35.33; 95%CI: -50.28, -20.37; <i>p</i> < 0.001), and a significant increase in total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (WMD: 0.32; 95%CI: 0.12, 0.51; <i>p</i> = 0.001), Glutathione (GSH) (WMD: 4.71; 95%CI: 3.17, 6.25; p < 0.001), and Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) (WMD: 44.75; 95%CI: 5.10, 84.40; <i>p</i> = 0.02). However, there were no significant effects on IL-10, IL-2, IL-8, pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance (PAB), malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in comparison to the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Propolis supplementation appears effective in reducing inflammation and oxidative stress by enhancing antioxidant capacity and reducing specific inflammatory markers. However, variations in study designs, dosages, and participant characteristics contribute to the heterogeneity of results. Further well-designed RCTs are needed to confirm these findings and determine the optimal dosage and long-term effects. Given its potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, propolis may serve as a complementary approach in managing inflammation-related conditions, though its clinical application requires further validation.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>https://clinicaltrials.gov/, identifier CRD42023474033.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1542184"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12104767/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144149955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of serum 25(OH)D3 and cognitive levels with biological aging in the elderly: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Mingkai Li, Chenyang Li, Le Cheng, Chenhui Lv, Lushan Xue, Cheng Zhang, Ziping Bai, Xi Wang, Shuangzhi Chen, Qinfei Guo, Yafei Zhao, Haifeng Zhao","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1581610","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1581610","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Biological aging, a fundamental process affecting health and longevity, is pivotal to understanding the physiological decline associated with aging. Serum vitamin D3 deficiency and cognitive impairment are common health issues among older adults. However, the joint associations of serum vitamin D levels and cognitive impairment with biological aging remain poorly understood. This study aims to evaluate the independent and combined associations of serum vitamin D3 and cognitive impairment with biological aging in older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included adults aged 60 years and older from the 2011-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Biological aging was measured using Phenotypic Age calculated from biomarkers. Cognitive performance was assessed using the Centre for the Establishment of a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD) test, the Animal Fluency test (AFT), and the Digit Symbol Substitution test (DSST). Multivariable regression and restricted cubic spline models were used to examine the relationships between serum 25(OH)D3 levels, cognitive performance, and biological aging.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After adjusting for all covariates, individuals in the highest quartile of cognitive performance had a reduced risk of biological aging compared to those in the lowest quartile (CERAD: OR 0.91; 95% CI, 0.57-1.46; AFT: OR 0.48; 95% CI, 0.29-0.82; DSST: OR 0.43; 95% CI, 0.24-0.77). A U-shaped relationship was observed between serum 25(OH)D3 levels and biological aging. Combined analyses revealed that individuals with both low serum 25(OH)D3 and low cognitive performance had the highest risk of biological aging across all cognitive tests (CERAD: OR 1.43; 95% CI, 1.02-1.98; AFT: OR 1.70; 95% CI, 1.24-2.32; DSST: OR 1.67; 95% CI, 1.22-2.27). Notably, in the DSST, individuals with normal serum 25(OH)D3 levels and normal cognitive performance showed a reduction in Phenotypic Age by 2.40 years (<i>p</i> < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In older adults, low serum 25(OH)D3 levels combined with low cognitive performance are strongly associated with an increased risk of biological aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1581610"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12104659/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144149841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neonatal supplementation of oleamide during suckling ameliorates maternal postpartum sleep interruption-induced neural impairment and endocannabinoid dysfunction in early adolescent offspring rats.","authors":"Linxi Qian, Tao Zheng, Bowen Zhao, Weiye Wang, Yifan Wu","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1566182","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1566182","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Postpartum sleep disturbances in women are common and can significantly affect maternal mental health and breastfeeding. However, the impact of sleep disruptions in lactating mothers on the neurological and cognitive development of their offspring has not been explored.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Female Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to chronic maternal sleep interruptions (MSI) during lactation. The offspring were divided into four groups: control, MSI, and MSI with low-dose (5 mg/kg·day) or high-dose (25 mg/kg·day) oleamide (ODA) supplementation. Behavioral performance was assessed using the Morris Water Maze (MWM). Neurogenesis and neuroinflammatory markers in the hippocampus were analyzed through immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, and Q-PCR. Levels of endocannabinoids (eCBs) were measured in maternal milk and offspring brain tissues, along with the expression of eCBs-regulating enzymes in offspring brain tissues. NE-4C cells were used to examine the effects of milk from sleep-disrupted dams on neural function.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Offspring exposed to MSI showed increased escape latency, travel distance, and poor performance in the MWM probe test, indicating impaired spatial learning and memory. MSI also decreased neurogenesis markers and increased neuroinflammatory markers in the hippocampus. High-dose ODA supplementation restored behavioral performance, reduced neuroinflammation, and normalized eCBs levels and enzyme expression in the offspring's hippocampus. Additionally, MSI altered eCBs composition in maternal milk, particularly lowering ODA and 2-AG levels. <i>In vitro</i>, milk from MSI dams inhibited BDNF secretion and reduced anti-inflammatory cytokine expression in NE-4C cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MSI during lactation disrupts eCBs signaling and induces neuroinflammation in the offspring, impairing neurodevelopment. Neonatal ODA supplementation may offer a promising intervention to mitigate the cognitive deficits and brain changes induced by MSI during lactation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1566182"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12104719/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144149913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of protein intake in maintaining muscle mass composition among elderly females suffering from sarcopenia.","authors":"Izwa Ishaq, Sana Noreen, Patrick Maduabuchi Aja, Ayomide Victor Atoki","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1547325","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1547325","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dietary protein is crucial in preserving muscle mass and promoting long-term bone health, particularly in aging populations. The novelty of this study lies in evaluating the impact of varying protein intake levels (0.8 vs. 1.2 g/kg b.w/d) on muscle mass composition in elderly females suffering from sarcopenia. For this purpose, in this research trial, a total of 126 participants (60-75 years) were enrolled and equally divided into two groups: normal protein intake (0.8 g/kg b.w/d) and moderately high protein intake (1.2 g/kg b.w/d) for 12 weeks. The effects of dietary protein were assessed using anthropometric measurements, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), handgrip, and knee flexion tests with baseline and post-intervention comparisons. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS, employing paired sample t-test at a significance level of <i>p</i> < 0.05. Results indicated a significant improvement in muscle mass composition with moderately high protein intake. Anthropometric parameters, including body mass (83.51 ± 4.23 kg) and waist circumference (113.90 ± 10.82 cm), showed notable enhancement in the moderately higher protein group. Muscle function and imaging assessments, such as handgrip strength and knee flexion, demonstrated improved functionality. MRI-derived measurements of the muscle composition of the calf (141.23 ± 4.87 MCSA, mm² × 10⁴) and thigh (258.04 ± 7.26 MCSA, mm² × 10⁴) further confirmed the positive impact of increased protein intake. The study concluded that a moderately high protein diet effectively supports muscle health in elderly females with sarcopenia. Therefore, an adequate protein intake may serve as a strategic nutritional intervention to mitigate muscle loss and improve overall physical function in aging women.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1547325"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12104658/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144149958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the effects of mixed tempeh with soy tempeh on cognitive function in older people.","authors":"Yuda Turana, Yvonne Suzy Handajani, Tati Barus, Kevin Kristian, Elvina Theodoraliu, Ika Suswanti","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1551211","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1551211","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Antioxidants may help alleviate cognitive impairment in older adults, which is often caused by oxidative stress. This research focuses on developing tempeh enriched with antioxidant-rich ingredients, including sunflower seeds, pumpkin seeds, and adzuki beans, to enhance its neuroprotective properties. This study is the first to investigate the effectiveness of mixed tempeh in reducing cognitive decline.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This experimental study (a non-randomized controlled trial) included 57 older participants with mild cognitive impairment who did not have diabetes. The participants were divided into two groups: one consumed mixed tempeh (comprising sunflower seeds, pumpkin seeds, adzuki beans, and regular soybeans), while the other group consumed soy tempeh. Both groups were instructed to consume 100 g daily over a period of 4 months and to avoid other fermented foods. Cognitive assessments were conducted before and after the intervention to evaluate the effects of tempeh consumption.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The majority of participants were female (68.4%), aged over 65 years (77.2%), and had an education level of 12 years or more (59.6%). The mixed tempeh group showed improvement in three cognitive domains (global cognitive, memory, and verbal fluency) before and after the intervention, while the soy tempeh group experienced improvements in two domains (memory and visuospatial).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study highlights the cognitive benefits of tempeh, particularly when mixed with other nutrient-rich ingredients. The combination of sunflower seeds, pumpkin seeds, and adzuki beans in mixed tempeh provides superior neuroprotective effects than traditional soy tempeh. This research supports the idea of promoting mixed tempeh as a healthy food alternative, especially for older adults, by offering enhanced nutritional value and cognitive health benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1551211"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12104678/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144149798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of dietary inflammatory index with gynecological cancers in NHANES 2011-2018.","authors":"Chen Chen, Mengyu Zheng, Xing Dong, Pei Zhang, Zhuo Bao, Yushan Cao, Yixuan Liu, Jinxiang Yan, Yongzhen Guo, Xianxu Zeng","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1560987","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1560987","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to analyze the association between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and the risk of gynecological cancers using data collected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 2011 and 2018.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The data for this study were obtained from NHANES, conducted between 2011 and 2018, and included a total of 8,380 women. To examine the association between the Dietary Inflammatory Index and gynecological cancers, weighted multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed, using DII both as a continuous variable and as a categorical variable divided into tertiles. Subgroup analyses stratified by DII and gynecological cancer characteristics were conducted to further explore this association. Additionally, restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis was applied to evaluate potential non-linear relationships between DII and gynecological cancer risk.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 8,380 women included in the analysis, the mean age was 47.02 (SD: 16.91) years, and 196 participants self-reported a diagnosis of gynecological cancer. In fully adjusted models, DII was significantly positively associated with the prevalence of gynecological cancer, whether analyzed as a continuous variable (OR = 1.15, 95% CI: 1.00-1.33, <i>p</i> = 0.046) or as a categorical variable (highest tertile compared to the lowest tertile: OR = 2.14, 95% CI: 1.14-4.04, <i>p</i> = 0.021, p for trend = 0.021). Restricted cubic spline analysis confirmed a linear relationship between DII and gynecological cancer risk (p for non-linear association = 0.1984). Subgroup analyses revealed a significant interaction effect with smoking status (p for interaction = 0.037).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that higher DII scores are positively associated with an increased risk of gynecological cancer. These results contribute to the existing literature and underscore the need for further validation through larger prospective cohort studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1560987"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12104050/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144149415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}