Frontiers in Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Exploring the association between nutrition knowledge and generalized anxiety disorder among young adults in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: implications for Saudi Vision 2030.","authors":"Mai Adil Ghabashi","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1532394","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1532394","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Anxiety is the most prevalent mental health issue in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), particularly among young adults, who face significant challenges in managing it, such as social stigma surrounding mental health, which may also discourage them from seeking help. Within the context of Saudi Vision 2030, addressing challenges and promoting the overall health and psychological wellbeing of the population is a vital public health objective. Consequently, it is suggested that exploring the potential role of nutrition knowledge as a strategy to promote overall health and wellbeing warrants further investigation. To address this gap, the present study aimed to examine the association between nutrition knowledge and distinct factors, including Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), among young adults in the KSA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 444 participants. Validated questionnaires assessing nutrition knowledge and specific aspects of mental health were administered in Arabic. Linear and logistic regression analyses were then employed to examine the associations between nutrition knowledge and various aspects of mental health.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>It was found that 51.3% of the participants did not have a satisfactory level of nutrition knowledge, while 35.1% were affected by GAD. Notably, a high level of nutrition knowledge emerged as a protective factor against the risk of developing GAD among young Saudi adults. Specifically, the probability of developing GAD was 40% lower among youth with satisfactory nutrition knowledge, compared to those with unsatisfactory knowledge (OR = 0.6, 95% CI; 0.3 to 0.9; <i>p</i> = 0.02). Furthermore, the completion of nutrition-related courses emerged as a predictive factor for having a satisfactory level of nutrition knowledge. Individuals who had completed nutrition courses were ~4.6 times (95% CI; 2.9-7.4; <i>p</i> < 0.001) more likely to demonstrate a satisfactory level of nutrition knowledge, in comparison to those who had not taken such courses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>To the best of my knowledge, this study is the first to investigate the association between nutrition knowledge and GAD in young Saudi adults. The findings suggest that the implementation of targeted nutrition education interventions may serve as a promising strategy to enhance overall health and wellbeing among the young population living in the KSA. Utilizing technology and social media may facilitate the delivery of these interventions, making them more accessible and engaging for young Saudi individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1532394"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11968388/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143795162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chloride channel-3 regulates sodium-iodide symporter expression and localization in the thyroids of mice on a high-iodide diet.","authors":"Meisheng Yu, Zhiqin Deng, Ke Wang, Xiangzhong Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1537221","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1537221","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Certain chloride channels and H⁺/Cl^- antiporters, such as chloride channel 3 (ClC-3), are expressed at the apical pole of thyrocytes, facilitating iodide (I^-) efflux. However, the relationship between ClC-3 and I^- uptake remains unclear. Additionally, whether ClC-3 and reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulate sodium-iodide symporter (NIS) expression and localization under excessive I^- conditions remain underexplored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The expression and localization of ClC-3 in wild-type (WT), ClC-3 overexpression (OE) and ClC-3 knockout (KO) were detected by Western blotting (WB), immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence, respectively. The ¹³¹I uptake of the thyroid was measured by thyroid function instrument. The expression and localization of NIS in normal and high iodide diet were detected, respectively. The role of ROS in the regulation of NIS by ClC-3 was observed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ClC-3 expressions in thyrocytes were primarily localized to the basolateral and lateral membranes, in both ClC-3 OE and WT mice groups under normal I^- conditions. I^- uptake was significantly higher in WT and ClC-3 OE mice than in the ClC-3 KO mice under normal I^- conditions. The ClC-3 OE group exhibited a higher number of thyroid follicles with elevated NIS expression in the basolateral and lateral membranes than the WT and KO groups. In the ClC-3 KO group, the NIS was predominantly localized in the cytoplasm. In the WT group, NIS fluorescence intensity at the basolateral and lateral membranes increased after 48 h of excessive iodide exposure compared to 24 h. In ClC-3 OE mice, NIS, initially localized intracellularly after 24 h of excessive iodide exposure, was almost fully reintegrated into the basolateral and lateral membranes after 48 h. In contrast, in ClC-3 KO mice, NIS remained primarily cytoplasmic, with no significant change between 24 h and 48 h of I^- excess. ROS fluorescence intensity was significantly higher in the ClC-3 OE group than those in the WT and KO groups after 24 h of I^- excess. Pre-inhibition of ROS showed no significant differences in NIS localization or expression among the three groups after 24 h of I^- excess.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These findings suggest that ClC-3 may regulate NIS function via ROS signaling under excessive iodide conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1537221"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11968397/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143795151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Addictions and eating behavior.","authors":"Ramón Sotomayor-Zárate","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1584058","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1584058","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1584058"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11968390/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143795152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between alcohol consumption and allergic rhinitis in US adults.","authors":"Yan He, Yingying Xu, Zhiqiang Lin","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1544889","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1544889","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Increasing evidence suggests that alcohol consumption may be associated with allergic diseases. This cross-sectional analysis aimed to determine the correlation between alcohol consumption patterns and allergic rhinitis (AR) in US adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 2,179 individuals aged 20 years and older who took part in the 2005-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), which assessed AR and alcohol consumption patterns. Alcohol consumption was categorized into three groups: \"Never\" (fewer than 12 drinks in a lifetime), \"Now\" (currently drinking), and \"Former\" (a prior history of drinking but no longer consuming alcohol). The association between alcohol consumption patterns and AR was analyzed separately for men and women, adjusting for several comorbidities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Individuals who currently consume alcohol are more likely to exhibit elevated levels of total IgE and cat/dog dander-specific IgE compared to non-consumers. Compared to \"Never\" in the male group, \"Now\" (currently drinking) was positively associated with AR in both the partially adjusted analysis and the fully adjusted model. However, we did not find any positive relationship between alcohol consumption patterns and AR in the female group, which suggests that current drinking was linked to a higher prevalence of AR in men but not in women.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We discovered that current drinking was positively associated with a high prevalence of AR in men.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1544889"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11968348/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143795149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linear association of the dietary index for gut microbiota with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus in U.S. adults: the mediating role of body mass index and inflammatory markers.","authors":"Haoran Qu, Yiyun Yang, Qihang Xie, Liu Ye, Yue Shao","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1557280","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1557280","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gut microbiota is reported to be related to the onset of insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The dietary index for gut microbiota (DI-GM) is a novel index for reflecting gut microbiota diversity. We aimed to evaluate the association of DI-GM with T2DM and IR.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional research comprised 10,600 participants aged ≥20 from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2018. We employed weighted multivariable linear and logistic regression models to examine the correlation of DI-GM with T2DM and IR. Linear or nonlinear relationships were examined by restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression. Additionally, subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed to ensure the reliability of the results. Mediation analysis explored the roles of body mass index (BMI) and inflammatory factors in these associations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher DI-GM were inversely associated with T2DM (OR = 0.93, 95%CI: 0.89-0.98) and IR (OR = 0.95, 95%CI: 0.91-0.99) after adjusting for confounders. DI-GM ≥ 6 group showed significantly lower risks of T2DM (OR = 0.74, 95%CI: 0.60-0.91) and IR (OR = 0.77, 95%CI: 0.62-0.95). RCS demonstrated a linear relationship between DI-GM and T2DM, as well as IR. DI-GM was also inversely correlated with the risk markers of T2DM. Mediation analysis showed that BMI and the systemic inflammation response index partly mediated the association of DI-GM with T2DM and IR, while the systemic immune-inflammation index mediated only the association with T2DM.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>DI-GM is inversely associated with T2DM and IR, with BMI and inflammatory markers partly mediating this association.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1557280"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11968382/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143795163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between dietary inflammatory index in adults and coronary heart disease: from NHANES 1999-2018.","authors":"Hong Xu, Pengxin Xie, Hui Liu, Zhenyu Tian, Ruitao Zhang, Ming Cui","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1564580","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1564580","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous studies have shown that pro-inflammatory diets increase the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) and all-cause mortality. The dietary inflammatory index (DII) is a quantitative measure of dietary inflammation, and its accuracy has been validated by several studies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 43,842 participants aged ≥18 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2018. The data of CHD was obtained through a questionnaire survey, and the DII was calculated using 24-h dietary recall data. Generalized linear models and logistic regression were used to determine the mediation factors, and subgroup analyses were conducted to evaluate the interaction between DII and CHD. Mean decrease in Gini (MDG) was used to determine the importance of individual dietary components.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The age of the participants was 49.81 ± 18.10 years, with 20,793 (47.4%) being male. A total of 1,892 (4.3%) participants were diagnosed with CHD, and the median DII score was 1.33 (0.11, 2.40). After adjusting for potential confounders, logistic regression analysis revealed that DII independently associated with CHD [OR: 1.049 (1.012-1.087), <i>p</i> = 0.008]. Triglyceride-glucose index, visceral adiposity index, body mass index, waist-to-height ratio, high-density lipoprotein, and glomerular filtration rate (all <i>p</i> < 0.05) may mediate the relationship between DII and CHD. Subgroup analyses showed that DII was more sensitive in participants aged <75 years (<i>p</i> < 0.001), females (<i>p</i> = 0.028), those with low cholesterol levels (<i>p</i> = 0.004), and individuals with low Framingham risk scores (<i>p</i> = 0.005). MDG analysis indicated that carbohydrate, vitamin C and iron intake have the greatest impact on CHD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study suggests that various metabolic and lipid indicators play a mediating role in the relationship between DII and CHD. DII may have a greater adverse impact on traditional low-risk CHD populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1564580"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11970130/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143795166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-linear relationship between the children's dietary inflammatory index and asthma risk: identifying a critical inflection point in US children and adolescents.","authors":"Junyu Xu, Meiping Zhu, Yi Shi, Qian Chen, Yan Zhu","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1538378","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1538378","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Asthma, a chronic respiratory disease, is influenced by diet, which plays a key role in its onset and progression. The Children's Dietary Inflammatory Index (C-DII) measures how diets impact inflammation in children and adolescents (6-19 years). The C-DII is a metric that quantifies the inflammatory potential of diet, with higher scores indicating more pro-inflammatory diets and a scoring range from -6.25 to 6.02. This study investigates the association between C-DII and asthma prevalence in US children and adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013-2018 and 2021-2023 were utilized. Data from participants aged 6-19 years who completed dietary interviews and provided asthma-related information was included. The C-DII was calculated using 24-h dietary recall data, and data were categorized into quartiles. Asthma diagnosis was based on self-reported doctor diagnosis and current asthma status. Multivariable logistic regression, smooth curve fitting, threshold benefit analysis, and Restricted Cubic Spline (RCS) analyses were performed to evaluate the relationship between C-DII and asthma prevalence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data from 6,523 children and adolescents aged 6-19 years were analyzed. The median C-DII score was-0.026, and asthma prevalence was 18.63%. A U-shaped relationship was observed between C-DII and asthma prevalence, with the lowest risk at a C-DII score of-0.99. Subgroup analyses revealed variability in the association between C-DII and asthma across demographic groups. Age-based analysis indicated significant interaction (<i>p</i> = 0.047), with the weakest association observed in the 17-19 years age group. Ethnicity showed significant differences, particularly in Mexican-American (OR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.70-0.97) and Non-Hispanic Black (OR = 1.56, 95% CI: 1.36-1.80) subgroups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study underscores a significant non-linear association between C-DII and asthma prevalence in US children and adolescents, emphasizing the importance of balanced dietary patterns in mitigating asthma risk. Future longitudinal studies are warranted to confirm these findings and explore causal pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1538378"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11968340/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143795164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Granola consumption with multiple prebiotics in Japanese participants increases <i>Bifidobacterium</i> abundance and improves stress and subjective sleepiness.","authors":"Hiroyuki Sasaki, Hirofumi Masutomi, Shuji Nakamura, Chiemi Tanigawa, Yufei Cui, Katsuyuki Ishihara, Masashi Yanagisawa, Toshio Kokubo","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1551313","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1551313","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sleep is essential for physical and mental health. However, stress-related sleep disorders are common in Japan, and the gut-brain axis may play a role in sleep and stress management. This study investigated whether the consumption of granola containing multiple prebiotic ingredients could alleviate stress and improve insomnia in adults with stress-related sleep problems, regardless of individual differences in the gut microbiota. Additionally, we aimed to investigate the relationship between changes in gut microbiota and the observed improvements.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A single-arm uncontrolled trial was conducted with 27 adults with high stress levels and sleep disturbance. The participants consumed 50 g of prebiotics-containing granola daily for 8 weeks. Subjective sleep quality was assessed using the Athens Insomnia Scale, Epworth Sleep Scale, and Oguri-Shirakawa-Azumi Sleep Inventory-Middle-aged and Aged version (OSA-MA). Stress levels were assessed by administering the Brief Job Stress Questionnaire and Profile of Mood States 2nd edition (POMS2). Gut microbiota composition was analyzed using 16S rDNA sequencing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After 8 weeks, subjective insomnia scores and sleep onset and maintenance improved significantly, whereas the stress and mood disturbance scores decreased significantly. Gut microbiota analysis showed that the relative abundance of <i>Bifidobacterium</i> increased, whereas that of <i>Bacteroides</i> decreased. Correlation analysis suggested a significant association between increased <i>Bifidobacterium</i> level and reduced stress (<i>r</i> = -0.39, <i>p</i> = 0.0035) and insomnia levels (<i>r</i> = -0.3, <i>p</i> = 0.026).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Prebiotics-containing granola improved subjective sleep quality and reduced stress in adults with stress-related sleep disturbances, which may be attributed to alterations in gut microbiota, particularly the increase in <i>Bifidobacterium</i> abundance.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1551313"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11965129/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143778960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between composite dietary antioxidants index and growth indicators in children aged 3-12 years: results from two observational studies.","authors":"Rui Wen, Huanting Pei, Jingyi Ren, Siqi Zhu, Simeng Qiao, Pui Yee Tan, Yunyun Gong, Min Yang, Junsheng Huo, Gangqiang Ding, Yuxia Ma","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1551754","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1551754","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The intake of nutrients with antioxidant properties is closely related to numerous health outcomes. However, the evidence regarding the effects of antioxidant nutrient intake on children's growth indicators is still lacking. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the Composite Dietary Antioxidant Index (CDAI) and child growth indicators in two cohorts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study utilized data from 1,064 participants in the Children's Cohort Study on Micronutrient Deficits and Malnutrition (CCSMDM) 2023 database and 2,404 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2020 database for cross-sectional analyses, with participants aged 3-12 years. The association between CDAI and growth indicators was analyzed using multinomial logistics regression. And we also performed subgroup analyses to determine whether there were differences in gender and explored the dose-response relationship by fitting a restricted cubic spline.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After adjusting for potential confounders, CDAI was positively associated with children growth indicators (height: CCSMDM: OR =1.21, 1.04~1.43, <i>p</i> = 0.017; NHANES: OR = 1.11, 1.04~1.18, <i>p</i> = 0.001; weight: CCSMDM: OR =1.27, 1.09~1.52, <i>p</i> = 0.004; NHANES: OR = 1.12, 1.05~1.19, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Our study also found that there was a significant correlation between antioxidant nutrients (vitamin A, vitamin E, zinc, and magnesium) and height. And selenium, magnesium, and BMI were in close contact. Subgroup analysis found that CDAI had a higher positive association with height in male children.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study revealed the benefits of dietary antioxidant nutrients for children growth indicators. These results suggested that a higher level of dietary antioxidant nutrients may help to promote children growth indicators. It is recommended to consume a combination of multiple antioxidants, as their interactions may offer potential benefits. However, further research is needed to explore the underlying mechanisms of the synergistic effects of antioxidants on children's growth and development.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1551754"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11965125/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143779282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global patterns of change in the burden of malnutrition in older adults from 1990 to 2021 and the forecast for the next 25 years.","authors":"Le Li, Xiao Liu, Yujie Fang, Kailin Guo, Lu Li, Shuhan Cai, Chang Hu, Bo Hu","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1562536","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1562536","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Malnutrition poses a significant public health challenge, particularly as the global population ages. However, there is a notable lack of comprehensive literature analyzing the global burden of malnutrition among the elderly.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data on nutritional deficiencies indicators-prevalence, incidence, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs)-for individuals aged 70 and older were extracted from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) database from 1990 to 2021. The estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) was used to assess trends in malnutrition burden. Predictions for new cases over the next 25 years were also made.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2021, over 97.60 million cases of malnutrition among the elderly were reported globally, a 1.2-fold increase from 44.36 million cases in 1990. The global prevalence rate of malnutrition has decreased with an EAPC of -0.32%. Women experienced more cases than men but had a lower prevalence rate. Furthermore, in high socio-demographic index (SDI) regions, both prevalence rate and DALYs rates increased from 1990 to 2021, with EAPCs of 0.33% and 1.34%, respectively. The burden of malnutrition in the elderly was negatively correlated with SDI. Predictions from 2022 to 2046 estimated approximately 29.64 million new cases of malnutrition by 2046, despite a declining incidence rate.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite a decline in malnutrition prevalence rate and DALYs rate since 1990, the burden remains high, particularly in high SDI regions where rates have increased. With a projected rise in new cases, effective prevention and management strategies are urgently needed to support the health of older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1562536"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11965120/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143778915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}